Informacja

Drogi użytkowniku, aplikacja do prawidłowego działania wymaga obsługi JavaScript. Proszę włącz obsługę JavaScript w Twojej przeglądarce.

English (EN)·Polski (PL)·Yкраїнський (UK)
Przejdź do strony domowej biblioteki Centralna Biblioteka Wojskowa Link otwiera się w nowym oknie Logo biblioteki Prolib Integro - strona głównaCentralna Biblioteka Wojskowa

Wyszukujesz frazę "Majchrowski, R." wg kryterium: Autor

  Lista filtrów
Wyrównaj
    Wyświetlanie 1-32 z 32
    Tytuł:
    Sztuczna inteligencja w metrologii - systemy ekspertowe do doboru narzędzi pomiarowychgiczny w systemie zarządzania jakością
    Artificial Intelligence in Metrology - Expert System for Measuring Instruments Selection
    Autorzy:
    Majchrowski, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/151872.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
    Tematy:
    metrologia
    systemy ekspertowe
    sztuczna inteligencja
    narzędzia pomiarowe
    metrology
    expert systems
    artificial intelligence
    Opis:
    Od samego powstania pierwszych komputerów człowiek powierzał im coraz bardziej skomplikowane i wyszukane problemy, z którymi odpowiednio zaprogramowana maszyna radzi sobie lepiej niż człowiek [5]. Z czasem pojawiły się hipotezy stworzenia sztucznych systemów, które potrafiłyby rozumować i pojmować otaczający nas świat w sposób do tej pory dostępny jedynie "Homo sapiens". Jeden z prekursorów "sztucznej inteligencji" Turing [13] zaproponował nawet test sprawdzający czy stworzoną przez człowieka maszynę można uznać za inteligentną: "Maszyna jest nazwana inteligentną, jeśli zewnętrzny obserwator nie jest w stanie odróżnić jej odpowiedzi od odpowiedzi człowieka mogącego zastepować maszynę. Jedną z koncepcji takiego, ale jednocześnie inteligentnego systemu są tzw. "Systemy ekspertowe"".
    From the moment when the very first computer was created a man his given it tasks with which a properly programmed machine can cope much better than he himself [5]. These tasks gradually became more and more complicated. This is how first hypothensis emerged to create artificial systems, capable of analyze and understand the surrounding world in such a way as so far only a "Homo sapiens" could do it. One of the first inventor of so called "artificial intelligence" Turing [13] proposed even a test verifying whether a machine created by a man can be considered as an intelligent one: "Machine is intelligent if an externally observing person is not able to distinguish a difference between its answer and the answer of a man who could replace the machine. One of the concepts of such an intelligent system is "Expert systems"".
    Źródło:
    Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2004, R. 50, nr 2, 2; 44-48
    0032-4140
    Pojawia się w:
    Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ocena parametrów 3D wyznaczonych metodą próbkowania spiralnego
    The evaluation of 3D parameters appointed using the spiral sampling method
    Autorzy:
    Majchrowski, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/277341.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Automatyki i Pomiarów
    Tematy:
    próbkowanie spiralne
    topografia powierzchni
    spiral sampling
    surface topography
    Opis:
    W Zakładzie Metrologii i Systemów Pomiarowych Politechniki Poznańskiej opracowano nową metodę pomiaru trójwymiarowej geometrii powierzchni bazującą na próbkowaniu spiralnym. Jest to nowe podejście do zagadnienia zbierania punktów z powierzchni za pomocą niekartezjańskiej siatki próbkowania. Pomiar wykonuje się na siatce utworzonej ze zbioru punktów tworzących spiralę Archimedesa. Główną zaletą tej metody jest mniejsza czasochłonność pomiaru w porównaniu z innymi siatkami próbkowania. Stosując siatkę prostokątną, po każdym przejściu końcówki pomiarowej należy wycofać ją w położenie początkowe. Należy także poprzecznie przesunąć stolik pomiarowy o wartość odpowiadającą odległości między kolejnymi przejściami. Jeśli przy próbkowaniu spiralnym może być mowa o odcinkach wejściowym i wyjściowym, to tylko przy rozpoczęciu i przy zakończeniu pomiaru, ponieważ końcówka przez cały czas pomiaru jest w ruchu. Jest to oczywisty zysk czasu, który może wynosić od 30 % do 70 % w porównaniu z czasem przy użyciu siatki prostokątnej. Próbkowanie spiralne rozwiązuje problem czasochłonności pomiarów przestrzennych powierzchni. Jednakże, jak pokazały badania, istnieją różnice w wartościach parametrów 3D, uzyskanych metodą próbkowania spiralnego i metodą siatki prostokątnej. Nie była również znana zależność opisująca wpływ parametrów siatki spiralnej (skok spirali) na wartości parametrów przestrzennych. W artykule przedstawiono analizę wpływu próbkowania spiralnego na parametry topografii powierzchni. Podczas badań korzystano z programów MATLAB, AWK, Statistica. Do pomiarów powierzchni wykorzystano profilometry Perthen, TOPO, Wyko. Za pomocą wymienionych narzędzi opracowano program do analizy i symulacji metody próbkowania spiralnego. Przeprowadzono badania symulacyjne strategii próbkowania spiralnego dla wytypowanych powierzchni.
    In the world around us, all the surfaces are rough. Most of surfaces in mechanics are very complicated, and in order to describe it with certain values, the measurement and analysis of some parameters should be performed. Before 1980th, roughness analysis consisted of 2D measurement, which gave twodimensional characteristics of the surface. During the last decades, many scientists and constructors became convinced that the third dimension should be added to the analysis. At present, 3D analysis of the surface geometry is widely accepted, though some disorder in terminology and in 3D parameters classification is still present. One of important problems is also the way of measurement (points collection) for further analysis. Most of known measuring systems collect a number of parallel profiles. Are known also efforts to collect radial profiles from one point. Anyway, the stereometrical surface measurement requires far more time than typical 2D measurement. In the Division of Metrology of Poznan University of Technology the new method of measurement has been worked out, based on spiral sampling. One of the most important merits of this kind of measurement is much shorter time, when the surface of same dimensions is to be measured. When the parallel profiles are being collected, after each movement forward, the useless move back would come, and also the movement in perpendicular direction (step between profiles) would take additional time. Moreover, in each profile, beside the evaluation length, there are allowances for run-up and for overtravel. In spiral sampling, those allowances appear only once, at the beginning and at the end of measuring process, and the stylus collects the point during all the time of movement. Comparing to parallel profiles, the spiral sampling takes 30 % to 70 % less time of measurement.
    Źródło:
    Pomiary Automatyka Robotyka; 2012, 16, 6; 56-59
    1427-9126
    Pojawia się w:
    Pomiary Automatyka Robotyka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Influence of photo- and chromatic acclimation on pigment composition in the sea
    Autorzy:
    Majchrowski, R.
    Ostrowska, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47601.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    marine phytoplankton
    underwater irradiance
    chlorophyll c
    chlorophyll b
    chlorophyll a
    phytoplankton pigment
    photosynthetic pigment
    photoacclimation
    natural population
    sea
    ocean
    chromatic acclimation
    Opis:
    The aim of this work was to find statistical relationships between the concentrations of accessory pigments in natural populations of marine phytoplankton and the absolute levels and spectral distributions of underwater irradiance. To this end, empirical data sets from some 600 stations in different parts of the seas and oceans were analysed. These data were obtained from the authors’ own research and from the Internet’s bio-optical data base. They included the vertical distributions of the concentrations of various pigments (identified chromatographically) and the vertical and spectral distributions of the underwater irradiance measured in situ or determined indirectly from bio-optical models. The analysis covered a total of some 4000 points illustrating the dependence of pigment concentration on underwater irradiance characteristics, corresponding to different depths in the sea. The analysis showed that the factor governing the occurrence of photoprotecting carotenoids (PPC) is short-wave radiation λ < 480 nm. A mathematical relationship was established between the relative PPC concentration (relative with respect to the chlorophyll a concentration) and the magnitude of the absorbed radiative energy per unit mass of chlorophyll a from the spectral interval λ < 480 nm, averaged in the water layers Δz = 60 m (or less near the surface) to account for vertical mixing. This absorbed short-wave radiation (λ < 480 nm) was given the name of Potentially Destructive Radiation (PDR∗(z)). Analysis of the relationships between the concentrations of particular photosynthetic pigments (PSP), i.e. chlorophyll b, chlorophyll c, photosynthetic carotenoids (PSC), and the underwater irradiance characteristics indicated that these concentrations were only slightly dependent on the absolute level of irradiance E0(λ), but that they depended strongly on the relative spectral distribution of this irradiance f(λ) = E0(λ)/PAR0. The relevant approximate statistical relationships between the relative concentrations of particular PSP and the function of spectral fitting Fj , averaged in the layer Δz, were derived. Certain statistical relationships between the pigment composition of the phtyoplankton and the irradiance field characteristics are due to the photo- and chromatic acclimation of natural populations of marine phytoplankton. These relationships can be applied in models of the coefficients of light absorption by phytoplankton.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2000, 42, 2
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Mathematical description of vertical algal accessory pigment distributions in oceans – a brief presentation
    Autorzy:
    Majchrowski, R.
    Ostrowska, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/49083.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    accessory pigment
    bio-optical modelling
    chlorophyll a
    concentration
    investigation
    marine alga
    mathematical description
    ocean
    optical depth
    photoprotecting pigment
    photosynthetic apparatus
    photosynthetic pigment
    pigment
    sea
    trophic index
    vertical distribution
    water
    Opis:
    A straightforward mathematical expression for describing the vertical distributions of algal accessory pigments in oceans is presented. To this end ca 1500 empirical datasets of accessory pigment depth profiles gathered during some 200 research cruises in different oceanic regions were analysed. These data were retrieved from the bio-optical databases of SeaBASS and U.S. JGOFS published on the Internet. The statistical relationships were analysed between the concentrations of accessory pigments and the trophic indices of waters, as measured by the surface concentrations of chlorophyll a and the optical depths in different oceanic regions. A mathematical expression was established and formulas based on it were found, approximating the relations between the vertical distributions of accessory pigments and the chlorophyll a concentration. These formulas can be used to model the species composition of algae in different parts of the ocean and in remote sensing algorithms.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2009, 51, 4
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Investigations of concrete surface roughness by means of 3D scanner
    Badania chropowatości powierzchni betonowych z wykorzystaniem skanera trójwymiarowego
    Autorzy:
    Grzelka, M.
    Majchrowski, R.
    Sadowski, Ł.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/159305.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Elektrotechniki
    Tematy:
    podłoga betonowa
    metoda optyczna
    chropowatość powierzchni
    amplituda
    pomiar topografii powierzchni
    concrete floor
    optical method
    roughness
    amplitude parameters
    topography measurement
    Opis:
    This paper presents investigations of the base concrete surface in concrete floors by means of a 3D scanner. Two base concrete surfaces, differing in their preparation, were investigated.
    W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono badania topografii (chropowatości 3D) powierzchni warstwy konstrukcyjnej podłóg betonowych za pomocą metody powierzchniowej. W tym celu wykorzystano optyczny skaner współrzędnościowy oraz opracowane oprogramowanie do analizy wyników pomiarów. Badaniom poddano dwie warstwy konstrukcyjne ze zróżnicowanym sposobem przygotowania warstwy konstrukcyjnej. W algorytmach obliczeniowych wykorzystano obowiązujące zależności dla wyznaczania poszczególnych parametrów 3D opisujących charakter badanych powierzchni.
    Źródło:
    Prace Instytutu Elektrotechniki; 2011, 251; 97-108
    0032-6216
    Pojawia się w:
    Prace Instytutu Elektrotechniki
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Appointing of surface topography parameters to describe the diffuse reflective properties of selected dielectrics
    Autorzy:
    Majchrowski, R.
    Rozanski, L.
    Grochalski, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/114434.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
    Tematy:
    thermographic measurements
    surface topography
    emissivity
    reflection
    Opis:
    The investigations have been performed in order to choose the specific roughness parameters, which would inform the customer about the diffuse emissive and reflective characteristics of the adhesive tapes used in the thermographic measurements. To achieve that, a series of the surface topography parameters of various adhesive tapes (i.e. objects with diffusive reflective characteristics) and various glass plates (i.e. objects with directional reflective characteristics) has been examined. For the analysis of surface topography the following parameters were selected: Sdr (the Developed Interfacial Area Ratio) and Sdq (the Root Mean Square Surface Slope). These selected parameters seem to be most suitable to describe the properties of the surface in the discussed aspect.
    Źródło:
    Measurement Automation Monitoring; 2017, 63, 3; 78-81
    2450-2855
    Pojawia się w:
    Measurement Automation Monitoring
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Design Concept of the Laboratory Heater for Studying the Effect of Surface Topography to Emissivity
    Autorzy:
    Majchrowski, R.
    Grochalski, K.
    Rozanski, L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/114567.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
    Tematy:
    temperature control
    PID control
    laboratory heater
    emissivity
    surface topography
    Opis:
    Remote temperature sensing and thermal imaging systems [1, 2] are invaluable tools in various fields of science and technology. The fact that radiation is a function of object surface temperature makes it possible for remote temperature measurement systems to calculate this temperature. However, to measure temperature accurately with IR system, it is necessary to know emissivity. Emissivity is one of the major sources of error in radiometric measurements. Generally, emissivity is not constant as it depends on several parameters: temperature, viewing angle, wavelength, contamination or roughness. The article presents a laboratory heater which can be used to measure the thermal emissivity ε depending on the sample surface topography.
    Źródło:
    Measurement Automation Monitoring; 2015, 61, 6; 176-179
    2450-2855
    Pojawia się w:
    Measurement Automation Monitoring
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Metody symulacyjne wyznaczenia błędów systemu do pomiaru odchyłki okrągłości metodą odniesieniową
    Simulation methods for determining the errors of a reference roundness measurement system
    Autorzy:
    Cellary, A.
    Jermak, C. J.
    Majchrowski, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/155377.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
    Tematy:
    metoda odniesieniowa pomiaru okrągłości
    pomiary pneumatyczne
    symulacje
    out-of-roundness measurement
    air gaging
    simulations
    Opis:
    W artykule przestawiono wyniki badań symulacyjnych nowej koncepcji pomiaru odchyłki okrągłości wewnętrznych powierzchni cylindrycznych bazującą na metodzie odniesieniowej. Badania te miały na celu ustalenie wpływu cząstkowych błędów pomiaru, takich jak błąd pomiaru szczeliny pomiarowej oraz błąd związany ze zmianą położenia poprzecznego głowicy pomiarowej, na końcowy rezultat pomiaru odchyłki okrągłości. W trakcie badań testowano algorytm obliczeniowy pod kątem poprawności wykonywanych procedur obliczenia odchyłki okrągłości.
    In the paper the results of simulation-based analysis of a new concept of the roundness measurement of inner cylindrical surfaces are presented. The method is based on the reference measurement. An innovative measuring device is equipped with 3 independent air gauges joined together into a special measuring head. The investigations were aimed at determining the influence of particular measurement errors such as the measuring slot error or the error caused by a non-orthodox position of the measuring head on the final result of the roundness measurement. The Gaussian distribution of the error values was assumed for those factors. In the investigations the calculation algorithm underwent the test to evaluate the calculation accuracy as well as the procedure for out-of-roundness measurements.
    Źródło:
    Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2010, R. 56, nr 1, 1; 8-9
    0032-4140
    Pojawia się w:
    Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Powierzchnia implantu tytanowego piaskowanego hydroksyapatytem
    Titanium implant surface after hydroxyapatite sandblasting
    Autorzy:
    Koper, J. K.
    Majchrowski, R.
    Jakubowicz, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/284168.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Polskie Towarzystwo Biominerałów
    Tematy:
    tytan
    hydroksyapatyt
    piaskowanie
    implant
    titanium
    hydroxyapatite
    sandblasting
    Opis:
    Praca podejmuje tematykę modyfikacji powierzchni tytanu, stosowanego jako biomateriał w implantach tkanek twardych. Tytan pomimo doskonałych właściwości użytkowych, w zastosowaniach implantacyjnych wymaga przygotowania powierzchni o określonej morfologii, parametrach oraz biozgodności. Celem niniejszej pracy było porównanie komercyjnie stosowanych powierzchni tytanu, poddanych procesowi piaskowania proszkiem HA/TCP (HA - hyroksyapatyt, TCP - fosforan trójwapniowy), w zastosowaniach implantacyjnych. Proces piaskowania miał na celu zwiększenie chropowatości powierzchni i jednocześnie zmianę jej składu chemicznego tak, aby sprzyjała wzrostowi i proliferacji komórek kostnych oraz była bardziej biozgodna. W badaniach wykorzystano polerowaną powierzchnię Ti 99,6% piaskowaną nieużywanym (świeżym) proszkiem oraz proszkiem używanym (po zakończonym cyklu produkcyjnym, tzn. wypiaskowaniu 300 elementów/implantów dentystycznych). Uzyskane w ten sposób próbki zbadano z wykorzystaniem mikroskopii SEM oraz profilometru optycznego, w celu określenia morfologii i geometrii powierzchni. Wyznaczono 11 parametrów 2D/3D, charakteryzujących powierzchnię i jej przydatność w implantach. Odporność korozyjną zbadano w płynie Ringera. W wyniku przeprowadzonych badań stwierdzono, że na powierzchni piaskowanej nieużywanym proszkiem HA występuje większa liczba trwale umocowanych w niej cząstek HA, w porównaniu do powierzchni piaskowanej proszkiem używanym. Powierzchnia taka charakteryzuje się korzystniejszymi parametrami geometrycznymi przy niewielkim spadku odporności korozyjnej, w porównaniu do niepiaskowanej powierzchni Ti 99,6%. Implant piaskowany nieużywanym proszkiem HA, w którym proszki HA są wbite w powierzchnię, posiada potencjalnie lepszą powierzchnię do zajścia procesów osteointegracji i trwałego połączenia z tkanką kostną.
    In this work we describe surface modification process of titanium, which is used in hard tissue implant applications. Titanium, although has excellent and useful properties, in the implant applications requires preparation a respective surface morphology. The aim of this work was to compare Ti 99.6% surfaces, used in implant applications, after HA/TCP (HA - hydroxyapatite, TCP - tricalcium phosphate) powder sandblasting. The aim of sandblasting is to increase the surface roughness, together with changing its chemical composition. So, after the treatment the sandblasted surface should enhance cells growth and proliferation and should be more biocompatible, respective for medical applications. For the sandblasting of the polished Ti surfaces we have used one fresh/new hydroxyapatite powder (first time used) and the second one used before in the implant production (after 300 sandblasting series of dental implants). The morphology and geometrical properties of surfa¬ce were investigated using SEM and optical profiler, respectively. Taking into account surface topography and usefulness in implants, the 11 2D/3D surface geometrical and hybrid parameters were determined. The corrosion potentiodynamic tests were done in Ringer solution. We have found that in the surface, sandblasted with fresh HA particles, were embedded more HA inclusions, and the surface is very rough in comparison to surface sandblasted with old HA particles. The corrosion resistance was slightly worse for sandblasted surfaces in comparison to mechanically polished one. Implants sandblasted with using of fresh HA (with embedded and strongly bonded with titanium HA particles) give potentially better surface for osseointegration process and stable bonding with the bone tissue.
    Źródło:
    Engineering of Biomaterials; 2013, 16, 119; 33-39
    1429-7248
    Pojawia się w:
    Engineering of Biomaterials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Distributions of photosynthetic and photoprotecting pigment concentrations in the water column in the Baltic Sea: an improved mathematical description
    Autorzy:
    Ston-Egiert, J.
    Majchrowski, R.
    Ostrowska, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48084.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    phytoplankton
    primary production
    chlorophyll b
    chlorophyll c
    carotenoid
    pigment concentration
    photoprotection
    water column
    Baltic Sea
    mathematical description
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2019, 61, 1
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Influence of non-photosynthetic pigments on the measured quantum yield of photosynthesis
    Autorzy:
    Ficek, D.
    Majchrowski, R.
    Ostrowska, M.
    Wozniak, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47492.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    marine phytoplankton
    pigment
    quantum yield
    chlorophyll a
    phytoplankton pigment
    bio-optical modelling
    concentration
    sea
    water column
    photosynthesis
    Opis:
    The aim of this work was to assess the effect of non-photosynthetic (photoprotecting) pigments on the measured quantum yield of photosynthesis in the sea. The energy absorbed by these pigments is not utilised during photosynthesis. As a result, the measured yield of this process, i.e. the photosynthetic yield referred to the total energy absorbed by all phytoplankton pigments, is less than the actual quantum yield of photosynthesis, i.e. the yield referred to the energy absorbed by photosynthetic pigments only. The model of the absorption properties of marine phytoplankton derived by the authors (see Woźniak et al. 2000, this volume) was employed to determine the relevant contributions of photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic pigments to the total energy absorbed by phytoplankton in different trophic types of seas and at different depths in the water column. On this basis the non-photosynthetic pigment absorption factor fa, which describes the relation between the true and measured quantum yields of photosynthesis, could be characterised. The analysis shows that fa varies in value from 0.33 to 1, and that it depends on the trophic type of sea and the depth in the water column. The values of this factor are usually highest in eutrophic waters and decrease as waters become progressively more oligotrophic. It is also characteristic of fa that it increases with increasing depth in the sea.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2000, 42, 2
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Variability of the specific fluorescence of chlorophyll in the ocean. Part 1. Theory of classical in situ chlorophyll fluorometry
    Autorzy:
    Ostrowska, M.
    Majchrowski, R.
    Matorin, D.N.
    Wozniak, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48349.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    marine phytoplankton
    variability
    luminescence
    in situ
    fluorescence
    depth
    sea
    fluorometric method
    phytoplankton
    ocean
    chlorophyll
    light absorption
    Opis:
    The range of variability of the fluorescence properties of marine phytoplankton in different trophic types of seas and at different depths in the sea is analysed theoretically. An attempt is also made to interpret artificially induced in situ fluorescence measured with submersible fluorometers. To do this, earlier optical models of light absorption by phytoplankton (see Woźniak et al. 2000, this volume) and actual empirical data were applied. A straightforward theoretical model of artificially photoinduced phytoplankton fluorescence accounting for the complex influence of different photophysiological characteristics of phytoplankton and the optical characteristics of the instrument has been worked out. A physical method of determining chlorophyll a concentrations in seawater from fluorescence measured in situ with contact fluorometers can be based on this model.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2000, 42, 2
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Dependence of the photosynthesis quantum yield in oceans on environmental factors
    Autorzy:
    Wozniak, B.
    Dera, J.
    Ficek, D.
    Ostrowska, M.
    Majchrowski, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48279.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2002
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    primary production
    water temperature
    quantum yield
    environmental factor
    bio-optical modelling
    nutrient content
    phytoplankton
    chlorophyll
    irradiance
    photosynthesis
    Opis:
    Statistical relationships between the quantum yield of photosynthesis and selected environmental factors in the ocean have been studied. The underwater irradiance, nutrient content, water temperature and water trophicity (i.e. the surface concentration of chlorophyll Ca(0)) have been considered, utilizing a large empirical data base. On the basis of these relationships, a mathematical model of the quantum yield was worked out in which the quantum yield Φ is expressed as a product of the theoretical maximum quantum yield ΦMAX = 0.125 atomC quanta−1 and six dimensionless factors. Each of these factors fi appears to be, to a sufficiently good approximation, dependent on one or two environmental factors and optical depth at most. The model makes it possible to determine the quantum yield from known values of these environmental factors. Empirical verification of the model yielded a positive result – the statistical error of the approximate values of the quantum yield Φ is 42%.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2002, 44, 4
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Quantum yield of photosynthesis in the Baltic: a new mathematical expression for remote sensing applications
    Autorzy:
    Wozniak, B.
    Ficek, D.
    Ostrowska, M.
    Majchrowski, R.
    Dera, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/49078.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    remote sensing
    application
    phytoplankton photosynthesis
    photosynthesis quantum yield
    Baltic Sea
    Opis:
    Statistical relationships between the quantum yield of photosynthesis Φ and selected environmental factors in the Baltic have been established on the basis of a large quantity of empirical data. The model formula is the product of the theoretical maximum quantum yield ΦMAX =0.125 atomC quantum−1 and five dimensionless factors fi taking values from 0 do 1: Φ = ΦMAXfa fΔ fc(Ca(0)) fc(PARinh) fE, t. To a sufficiently good approximation, each of these factors fi appears to be dependent on one or at most two environmental factors, such as temperature, underwater irradiance, surface concentration of chlorophyll a, absorption properties of phytoplankton and optical depth. These dependences have been determined for Baltic Case 2 waters. The quantum yield Φ, calculated from known values of these environmental factors, is then applicable in the model algorithm for the remote sensing of Baltic primary production. The statistical error of the approximate quantum yields Φ is 62%.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2007, 49, 4
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Large Area Concrete Surface Topography Measurements Using Optical 3D Scanner
    Autorzy:
    Majchrowski, R.
    Grzelka, M.
    Wieczorowski, M.
    Sadowski, Ł.
    Gapiński, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/221494.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    3D surface metrology
    concrete
    optical method
    roughness
    topography measurement
    Opis:
    The paper presents examinations of the surface of base concrete with a 3D scanner. Two base concrete surfaces, differently prepared, were examined, together with two measurement strategies: simple and fast 3D scanning and partial scanning in selected areas corresponding to the device measurement space. In order to complete the analysis of a concrete surface topography an original Matlab-based program TAS (Topography Analysis and Simulation) was developed for both 2D and 3D surface analyses. It enables data processing, calculation of parameters, data visualization and digital filtration.
    Źródło:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2015, 22, 4; 565-576
    0860-8229
    Pojawia się w:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Influence of underwater light fields on pigment characteristics in the Baltic Sea – results of statistical analysis
    Autorzy:
    Ston-Egiert, J.
    Majchrowski, R.
    Darecki, M.
    Kosakowska, A.
    Ostrowska, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48040.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    pigment
    phytoplankton
    underwater irradiance
    statistical analysis
    Baltic Sea
    light intensity
    spectral distribution
    water
    chlorophyll
    carotenoid
    high performance liquid chromatography
    photosynthetic carotenoid
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2012, 54, 1
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Remote sensing of vertical phytoplankton pigment distributions in the Baltic: new mathematical expressions. Part 3: Non-phytosynthetic pigment absorption factor
    Autorzy:
    Wozniak, B.
    Majchrowski, R.
    Ostrowska, M.
    Ficek, D.
    Kunicka, J.
    Dera, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48371.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    remote sensing
    pigment distribution
    phytoplankton pigment
    vertical distribution
    non-photosynthetic pigment absorption
    Baltic Sea
    Opis:
    This paper, part 3 of the description of vertical pigment distributions in the Baltic Sea, discusses the mathematical expression enabling the vertical distributions of the non-photosynthetic pigment absorption factor fa to be estimated. The factor fa is directly related to concentrations of the several groups of phytoplankton pigments and describes quantitatively the ratio of the light energy absorbed at given depths by photosynthetic pigments to the light energy absorbed by all the phytoplankton pigments together (photosynthetic and photoprotecting). Knowledge of this factor is highly desirable in the construction of state-of-the-art ‘light-photosynthesis’ models for remote-sensing purposes. The expression enables fa to be estimated with considerable precision on the basis of two surface parameters (available from satellite observations): the total chlorophyll a concentration at the surface Ca(0) and the spectral downward irradiance Ed(λ, 0) just below the sea surface. The expression is applicable to Baltic waters from the surface down to an optical depth of τ ≈5. The verification of the model description of fa was based on 400 quasi-empirical values of this factor which were calculated on the basis of empirical values of the following parameters measured at the same depths: Ed(λ, z) (or also PAR(z)), apl(λ, z), and the concentrations of all the groups of phytoplankton pigments Ca(z) and Cj(z) (where j denotes in turn chl b, chl c, PSC, phyc, PPC). The verification shows that the errors in the values of the non-photosynthetic pigment absorption factor fa estimated using the model developed in this work are small: in practice they do not exceed 4%. Besides the mathematical description of the vertical distribution of fa, this paper also discusses the range of variation of its values measured in the Baltic and its dependence on the trophic index of a basin and depth in the sea. In addition, the similarities and differences in the behaviour of fa in Baltic and oceanic basins are compared.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2007, 49, 4
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Modelling light and photosynthesis in the marine environment
    Autorzy:
    Wozniak, B.
    Dera, J.
    Ficek, D.
    Majchrowski, R.
    Ostrowska, M.
    Kaczmarek, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47660.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    primary production
    pigment
    underwater irradiance
    marine environment
    quantum yield
    remote sensing algorithm
    bio-optical modelling
    photoacclimation
    phytoplankton
    chromatic acclimation
    light absorption
    photosynthesis
    Opis:
    The overriding and far-reaching aim of our work has been to achieve a good understanding of the processes of light interaction with phytoplankton in the sea and to develop an innovative physical model of photosynthesis in the marine environment,suita ble for the remote sensing of marine primary production. Unlike previous models,the present one takes greater account of the complexity of the physiological processes in phytoplankton. We have focused in particular on photophysiological processes,whic h are governed directly or indirectly by light energy,or in which light, besides the nutrient content in and the temperature of seawater,is one of the principal limiting factors. To achieve this aim we have carried out comprehensive statistical analyses of the natural variability of the main photophysiological properties of phytoplankton and their links with the principal abiotic factors in the sea. These analyses have made use of extensive empirical data gathered in a wide diversity of seas and oceans by Polish and Russian teams as well as by joint Polish-Russian expeditions. Data sets available on the Internet have also been applied. As a result,a set of more or less complex,semi-empir ical models of light-stimulated processes occurring in marine phytoplankton cells has been developed. The trophic type of sea, photo-acclimation and the production of photoprotecting carotenoids,c hromatic acclimation and the production of various forms of chlorophyll-antennas and photosynthetic carotenoids,cell adaptation by the package effect, light absorption, photosynthesis, photoinhibition,the fluorescence effect,a nd the activation of PS2 centres are all considered in the models. These take into account not only the influence of light,but also, indirectly,tha t of the vertical mixing of water; in the case of photosynthesis,the quantum yield has been also formulated as being dependent on the nutrient concentrations and the temperature of seawater. The bio-optical spectral models of irradiance transmittance in case 1 oceanic waters and case 2 Baltic waters,dev eloped earlier,a lso are described in this paper. The development of the models presented here is not yet complete and they all need continual improvement. Nevertheless,w e have used them on a preliminary basis for calculating various photosynthetic characteristics at different depths in the sea,su ch as the concentration of chlorophyll and other pigments, and primary production. The practical algorithm we have constructed allows the vertical distribution of these characteristics to be determined from three input data: chlorophyll a concentration,irradiance, and temperature at the sea surface. Since all three data can be measured remotely,ou r algorithm can be applied as the ‘marine part’ of the remote sensing algorithms used for detecting marine photosynthesis.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2003, 45, 2
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Practical applications of the multi-component marine photosynthesis model (MCM)
    Autorzy:
    Ficek, D.
    Majchrowski, R.
    Ostrowska, M.
    Kaczmarek, S.
    Wozniak, B.
    Dera, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48509.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    primary production
    quantum yield
    inorganic nitrogen
    temperate zone
    tropical zone
    practical application
    bio-optical modelling
    marine photosynthesis model
    marine alga
    polar zone
    photosynthesis
    Opis:
    This paper describes the applications and accuracy analyses of our multi-component model of marine photosynthesis, given in detail in Woźniak et al. (2003). We now describe an application of the model to determine quantities characterising the photosynthesis of marine algae, especially the quantum yield of photosynthesis and photosynthetic primary production. These calculations have permitted the analysis of the variability of these photosynthesis characteristics in a diversity of seas, at different seasons, and at different depths. Because of its structure, the model can be used as the ‘marine part’ of a ‘satellite’ algorithm for monitoring primary production in the sea (the set of input data necessary for the calculations can be determined with remote sensing methods). With this in mind, in the present work, we have tested and verified the model using empirical data. The verification yielded satisfactory results: for example, the statistical errors in estimates of primary production in the water column for Case 1 Waters do not exceed 45%. Hence, this model is far more accurate than earlier, less complex models hitherto applied in satellite algorithms.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2003, 45, 3
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Spectra of light absorption by phytoplankton pigments in the Baltic; conclusions to be drawn from a Gaussian analysis of empirical data
    Autorzy:
    Ficek, D.
    Kaczmarek, S.
    Ston-Egiert, J.
    Wozniak, B.
    Majchrowski, R.
    Dera, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47835.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    phytoplankton pigment
    remote sensing algorithm
    Baltic Sea
    Gaussian analysis
    light absorption
    Opis:
    Analysed by differential spectroscopy, 1208 empirical spectra of light absorption apl(λ) by Baltic phytoplankton were spectrally decomposed into 26 elementary Gaussian component bands. At the same time the composition and concentrations of each of the 5 main groups of pigments (chlorophylls a, chlorophylls b, chlorophylls c, photosynthetic carotenoids and photoprotecting carotenoids) were analysed in 782 samples by HPLC. Inspection of the correlations between the intensities of the 26 elementary absorption bands and the concentrations of the pigment groups resulted in given elementary bands being attributed to particular pigment groups and the spectra of the mass-specific absorption coefficients established for these pigment groups. Moreover, balancing the absorption effects due to these 5 pigment groups against the overall absorption spectra of phytoplankton suggested the presence of a sixth group of pigments, as yet unidentified (UP), undetected by HPLC. Apr eliminary mathematical description of the spectral absorption properties of these UP was established. Like some forms of phycobilins, these pigments are strong absorbers in the 450–650 nm spectral region. The packaging effect of pigments in Baltic phytoplankton was analysed statistically, then correlated with the concentration of chlorophyll a in Baltic water. As a result, a Baltic version of the algorithm of light absorption by phytoplankton could be developed. This algorithm can be applied to estimate overall phytoplankton absorption spectra and their components due to the various groups of pigments from a knowledge of their concentrations in Baltic water.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2004, 46, 4
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Remote sensing of vertical phytoplankton pigment distributions in the Baltic: new mathematical expressions. Part 1: Total chlorophyll a distribution
    Autorzy:
    Ostrowska, M.
    Majchrowski, R.
    Ston-Egiert, J.
    Wozniak, B.
    Ficek, D.
    Dera, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47972.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    remote sensing
    phytoplankton pigment
    chlorophyll a
    vertical distribution
    concentration
    Baltic Sea
    distribution
    Opis:
    This article is the first in a series of three describing the modelling of the vertical different photosynthetic and photoprotecting phytoplankton pigments concentration distributions in the Baltic and their interrelations described by the so-called non-photosynthetic pigment factor. The model formulas yielded by this research are an integral part of the algorithms used in the remote sensing of the Baltic ecosystem. Algorithms of this kind have already been developed by our team from data relating mainly to oceanic Case 1 waters (WC1) and have produced good results for these waters. But their application to Baltic waters, i.e., Case 2 waters, was not so successful. On the basis of empirical data for the Baltic Sea, we therefore derived new mathematical expressions for the spatial distribution of Baltic phytoplankton pigments. They are discussed in this series of articles. This first article presents a statistical model for determining the total concentration of chlorophyll a (i.e., the sum of chlorophylls a+pheo derived spectrophotometrically) at different depths in the Baltic Sea Ca(z) on the basis of its surface concentration Ca(0), which can be determined by remote sensing. This model accounts for the principal features of the vertical distributions of chlorophyll concentrations characteristic of the Baltic Sea. The model’s precision was verified empirically: it was found suitable for application in the efficient monitoring of the Baltic Sea. The modified mathematical descriptions of the concentrations of accessory pigments (photosynthetic and photoprotecting) in Baltic phytoplankton and selected relationships between them are given in the other two articles in this series (Majchrowski et al. 2007, Woźniak et al. 2007b, both in this volume).
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2007, 49, 4
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Modelling the light absorption properties of particulate matter forming organic particles suspended in sea water. Part 3. Practical applications
    Autorzy:
    Wozniak, B.
    Wozniak, S.B.
    Tyszka, K.
    Ostrowska, M.
    Ficek, D.
    Majchrowski, R.
    Dera, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47909.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    marine environment
    absorption coefficient
    light index
    sea water
    particulate organic matter
    modelling
    light absorption
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2006, 48, 4
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Remote sensing of vertical phytoplankton pigment distributions in the Baltic: new mathematical expressions. Part 2: Accessory pigment distribution
    Autorzy:
    Majchrowski, R.
    Ston-Egiert, J.
    Ostrowska, M.
    Wozniak, B.
    Ficek, D.
    Lednicka, B.
    Dera, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48281.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    remote sensing
    accessory pigment concentration
    pigment distribution
    chlorophyll a
    phytoplankton pigment
    vertical distribution
    Baltic Sea
    marine ecosystem
    distribution
    Opis:
    This is the second in a series of articles, the aim of which is to derive mathematical expressions describing the vertical distributions of the concentrations of different groups of phytoplankton pigments; these expressions are necessary in the algorithms for the remote sensing of the marine ecosystem. It presents formulas for the vertical profiles of the following groups of accessory phytoplankton pigments: chlorophylls b, chlorophylls c, phycobilins, photosynthetic carotenoids and photoprotecting carotenoids, all for the uppermost layer of water in the Baltic Sea with an optical depth of τ ≈ 5. The mathematical expressions for the first four of these five groups of pigments, classified as photosynthetic pigments, enable their concentrations to be estimated at different optical depths in the sea from known surface concentrations of chlorophyll a. The precision of these estimates is characterised by the following relative statistical errors according to logarithmic statistics σ−: approximately 44% for chlorophyll b, approx. 39% for chlorophyll c, approx. 43% for phycobilins and approx. 45% for photosynthetic carotenoids. On the other hand, the mathematical expressions describing the vertical distributions of photoprotecting carotenoid concentrations enable these to be estimated at different depths in the sea also from known surface concentrations of chlorophyll a, but additionally from known values of the irradiance in the PAR spectral range at the sea surface, with a statistical error σ− of approximately 42%
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2007, 49, 4
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Chlorophyll fluorimetry as a method for studying light absorption by photosynthetic pigments in marine algae
    Autorzy:
    Matorin, D.N.
    Antal, T.K.
    Ostrowska, M.
    Rubin, A.B.
    Ficek, D.
    Majchrowski, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48459.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    alga
    chlorophyll a concentration
    photosynthetic pigment
    fluorescence
    marine alga
    phytoplankton
    light absorption
    chlorophyll fluorimenty
    Opis:
    Using laboratory cultures of algae and natural phytoplankton populations from Nhatrang Bay (South China Sea), the relationship between the chlorophyll fluorescence F0, the chlorophyll a concentration Ca and light absorption capacities of algae cells was studied. It is shown that the ratio F0/Ca depends mainly on the species composition of the algae population; hence, the concentration Ca can be measured with the fluorescence method with acceptable accuracy only when the species composition of algae populations varies over a rather narrow range. The fluorescence F0 can, however, be a good index of the total absorption capacities of different phytoplankton species, because the intensity of F0 depends on the sum total of light absorbed by all photosynthetic pigments in a plant cell. Thus, the fluorescence F0 measures not only the concentration of chlorophyll a, but that of all photosynthetic pigment concentrations.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2004, 46, 4
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Modelling the light absorption properties of particulate matter forming organic particles suspended in seawater. Part 2. Modelling results
    Autorzy:
    Wozniak, B.
    Wozniak, S.B.
    Tyszka, K.
    Ostrowska, M.
    Majchrowski, R.
    Ficek, D.
    Dera, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47522.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    light absorption coefficient
    sea water
    particulate organic matter
    particulate matter
    organic substance
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2005, 47, 4
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Model of the in vivo spectral absorption of algal pigments. Part 1. Mathematical apparatus
    Autorzy:
    Wozniak, B.
    Dera, J.
    Ficek, D.
    Majchrowski, R.
    Kaczmarek, S.
    Ostrowska, M.
    Koblentz-Mishke, O.I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48333.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    chlorophyll a
    bio-optical modelling
    photosynthetic pigment
    photoacclimation
    sea water
    algal pigment
    in vivo
    phytoplankton
    mathematical apparatus
    chromatic acclimation
    light absorption
    Opis:
    Existing statistical models of in vivo light absorption by phytoplankton (Woźniak & Ostrowska 1990, Bricaud et al. 1995, 1998) describe the dependence of the phytoplankton specific spectral absorption coefficient a∗ pl(λ) on the chlorophyll a concentration Ca in seawater. However, the models do not take into account the variability in this relationship due to phytoplankton acclimation. The observed variability in the light absorption coefficient and its components due to various pigments with depth and geographical position at sea, requires further accurate modelling in order to improve satellite remote sensing algorithms and interpretation of ocean colour maps. The aim of this paper is to formulate an improved model of the phytoplankton spectral absorption capacity which takes account of the pigment composition and absorption changes resulting from photo- and chromatic acclimation processes, and the pigment package effect. It is a synthesis of earlier models and the following statistical generalisations: (1) statistical relationships between various pigment group concentrations and light field properties in the sea (described by Majchrowski & Ostrowska 2000, this volume); (2) a model of light absorption by phytoplankton capable of determining the mathematical relationships between the spectral absorption coefficients of the various photosynthetic and photoprotecting pigment groups, and their concentrations in seawater (Woźniak et al. 1999); (3) bio-optical models of light propagation in oceanic Case 1 Waters and Baltic Case 2 Waters (Woźniak et al. 1992a, b, 1995a,b). The generalised model described in this paper permits the total phytoplankton light absorption coefficient in vivo as well as its components related to the various photosynthetic and photoprotecting pigments to be determined using only the surface irradiance PAR(0+) surface chlorophyll concentration Ca(0) and depth z in the sea as input data.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2000, 42, 2
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Model of the in vivo spectral absorption of algal pigments. Part 2. Practical applications of the model
    Autorzy:
    Majchrowski, R.
    Wozniak, B.
    Dera, J.
    Ficek, D.
    Kaczmarek, S.
    Ostrowska, M.
    Koblentz-Mishke, O.I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48872.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    practical application
    bio-optical modelling
    depth
    algal pigment
    in vivo
    sea
    statistical model
    phytoplankton
    light absorption
    Opis:
    The article describes applications and accuracy analyses of a statistical model of light absorption by phytoplankton that accounts for the influence of photo- and chromatic acclimation on its absorption properties. Part 1 of this work (seeWoźniak et al. 2000, this volume) describes the mathematical apparatus of the model. Earlier models by Woźniak & Ostrowska (1990) and by Bricaud et al. (1995, 1998) are analysed for comparison. Empirical verification of these three models shows that the new model provides a much better approximation of phytoplankton absorption properties than do the earlier models. The statistical errors in estimating the mean absorption coefficient apl, for example, are σ+ = 36% for the new model, whereas for the earlier models the figures are σ+ = 43% (Bricaud et al. 1995, 1998) and σ+ = 59% (Woźniak & Ostrowska 1990). Example applications are given of the new model illustrating the variability in phytoplankton absorption properties with depth and trophicity of the sea.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2000, 42, 2
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Algorithms for the remote sensing of the Baltic ecosystem (DESAMBEM). Part 2: Empirical validation
    Autorzy:
    Darecki, M.
    Ficek, D.
    Krezel, A.
    Ostrowska, M.
    Majchrowski, R.
    Wozniak, S.B.
    Bradtke, K.
    Dera, J.
    Wozniak, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47590.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    light-photosynthesis model
    algorithm
    chlorophyll
    ocean colour
    temperature
    marine ecosystem
    monitoring
    empirical validation
    primary production
    Baltic ecosystem
    remote sensing
    Opis:
    This paper is the second of two articles on the methodology of the remote sensing of the Baltic ecosystem. In Part 1 the authors presented the set of DESAMBEM algorithms for determining the major parameters of this ecosystem on the basis of satellite data (see Woźniak et al. 2008 – this issue). That article discussed in detail the mathematical apparatus of the algorithms. Part 2 presents the effects of the practical application of the algorithms and their validation, the latter based on satellite maps of selected Baltic ecosystem parameters: the distributions of the sea surface temperature (SST), the Photosynthetically Available Radiation (PAR) at the sea surface, the surface concentrations of chlorophyll a and the total primary production of organic matter. Particular emphasis was laid on analysing the precision of estimates of these and other parameters of the Baltic ecosystem, determined by remote sensing methods. The errors in these estimates turned out to be relatively small; hence, the set of DESAMBEM algorithms should in the future be utilised as the foundation for the effective satellite monitoring of the state and functioning of the Baltic ecosystem.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2008, 50, 4; 509-538
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Algorithm for the remote sensing of the Baltic ecosystem (DESAMBEM). Part 1: Mathematical apparatus
    Autorzy:
    Wozniak, B.
    Krezel, A.
    Darecki, M.
    Wozniak, S.B.
    Majchrowski, R.
    Ostrowska, M.
    Kozlowski, L.
    Ficek, D.
    Olszewski, J.
    Dera, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47484.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    light-photosynthesis model
    algorithm
    chlorophyll
    mathematical apparatus
    temperature
    primary production
    Baltic ecosystem
    remote sensing
    Opis:
    This article is the first of two papers on the remote sensing methods of monitoring the Baltic ecosystem, developed by our team. Earlier, we had produced a series of detailed mathematical models and statistical regularities describing the transport of solar radiation in the atmosphere-sea system, the absorption of this radiation in the water and its utilisation in a variety of processes, most importantly in the photosynthesis occurring in phytoplankton cells, as a source of energy for the functioning of marine ecosystems. The comprehensive DESAMBEM algorithm, presented in this paper, is a synthesis of these models and regularities. This algorithm enables the abiotic properties of the environment as well as the state and the functioning of the Baltic ecosystem to be assessed on the basis of available satellite data. It can be used to determine a good number of these properties: the sea surface temperature, the natural irradiance of the sea surface, the spectral and spatial distributions of solar radiation energy in the water, the surface concentrations and vertical distributions of chlorophyll a and other phytoplankton pigments in this sea, the radiation energy absorbed by phytoplankton, the quantum efficiency of photosynthesis and the primary production of organic matter. On the basis of these directly determined properties, other characteristics of processes taking place in the Baltic ecosystem can be estimated indirectly. Part 1 of this series of articles deals with the detailed mathematical apparatus of the DESAMBEM algorithm. Part 2 will discuss its practical applicability in the satellite monitoring of the sea and will provide an assessment of the accuracy of such remote sensing methods in the monitoring of the Baltic ecosystem (see Darecki et al. 2008 – this issue).
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2008, 50, 4; 451-508
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    SatBałtyk – A Baltic environmental satellite remote sensing system – an ongoing project in Poland. Part 1: Assumptions, scope and operating range
    Autorzy:
    Wozniak, B.
    Bradtke, K.
    Darecki, M.
    Dera, J.
    Dudzinska-Nowak, J.
    Dzierzbicka-Glowacka, L.
    Ficek, D.
    Furmanczyk, K.
    Kowalewski, M.
    Krezel, A.
    Majchrowski, R.
    Ostrowska, M.
    Paszkuta, M.
    Ston-Egiert, J.
    Stramska, M.
    Zapadka, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48960.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    algal bloom
    Baltic ecosystem
    Baltic Sea
    Baltic water
    chlorophyll a
    functional property
    marine optics
    organic matter
    phytoplankton pigment
    Polska
    remote sensing
    SatBaltyk project
    satellite monitoring
    solar radiation
    structural property
    Opis:
    This article is the first of two papers on the remote sensing methods of monitoring the Baltic ecosystem, developed by a Polish team. The main aim of the five- year SatBałtyk (2010–2014) research project (Satellite Monitoring of the Baltic Sea Environment) is to prepare the technical infrastructure and set in motion operational procedures for the satellite monitoring of the Baltic environment. This system is to characterize on a routine basis the structural and functional properties of this sea on the basis of data supplied by the relevant satellites. The characterization and large-scale dissemination of the following properties of the Baltic is anticipated: the solar radiation influx to the sea’s waters in various spectral intervals, energy balances of the short- and long-wave radiation at the Baltic Sea surface and in the upper layers of the atmosphere over the Baltic, sea surface temperature distribution, dynamic states of the water surface, concentrations of chlorophyll a and other phytoplankton pigments in the Baltic water, distributions of algal blooms, the occurrence of upwelling events, and the characteristics of primary organic matter production and photosynthetically released oxygen in the water. It is also intended to develop and, where feasible, to implement satellite techniques for detecting slicks of petroleum derivatives and other compounds, evaluating the state of the sea’s ice cover, and forecasting the hazards from current and future storms and providing evidence of their effects in the Baltic coastal zone. The ultimate objective of the project is to implement an operational system for the routine determination and dissemination on the Internet of the above-mentioned features of the Baltic in the form of distribution maps as well as plots, tables and descriptions characterizing the state of the various elements of the Baltic environment. The main sources of input data for this system will be the results of systematic recording by environmental satellites and also special-purpose ones such as TIROS N/NOAA, MSG (currently Meteosat 9), EOS/AQUA and ENVISAT. The final effects of the SatBałtyk project are to be achieved by the end of 2014, i.e. during a period of 60 months. These two papers present the results obtained during the first 15 months of the project. Part 1 of this series of articles contains the assumptions, objectives and a description of the most important stages in the history of our research, which constitute the foundation of the current project. It also discusses the way in which SatBałtyk functions and the scheme of its overall operations system. The second article (Part 2), will discuss some aspects of its practical applicability in the satellite monitoring of the Baltic ecosystem (see Woźniak et al. (2011) in this issue).
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2011, 53, 4
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    SatBaltyk – A Baltic environmental satellite remote sensing system – an ongoing project in Poland. Part 2: Practical applicability and preliminary results
    Autorzy:
    Wozniak, B.
    Bradtke, K.
    Darecki, M.
    Dera, J.
    Dudzinska-Nowak, J.
    Dzierzbicka-Glowacka, L.
    Ficek, D.
    Furmanczyk, K.
    Kowalewski, M.
    Krezel, A.
    Majchrowski, R.
    Ostrowska, M.
    Paszkuta, M.
    Ston-Egiert, J.
    Stramska, M.
    Zapadka, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48019.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Baltic ecosystem
    Baltic Sea
    energy influx
    irradiance condition
    marine optics
    photosynthesis
    plant community
    Polska
    practical application
    preliminary result
    radiation balance
    remote sensing
    SatBaltyk project
    satellite monitoring
    sea surface
    solar energy
    Opis:
    This paper is the second part of the description of the first stage of the SatBałtyk project’s implementation. Part 1 (Woźniak et al. 2011, in this issue) presents the assumptions and objectives of SatBałtyk and describes the most important stages in the history of our research, which is the foundation of this project. It also discusses the operation and general structure of the SatBałtyk system. Part 2 addresses various aspects of the practical applicability of the SatBałtyk Operational System to Baltic ecosystem monitoring. Examples are given of the Baltic’s characteristics estimated using the preliminary versions of the algorithms in this Operational System. At the current stage of research, these algorithms apply mainly to the characteristics of the solar energy influx and the distribution of this energy among the various processes taking place in the atmosphere-sea system, and also to the radiation balance of the sea surface, the irradiance conditions for photosynthesis and the condition of plant communities in the water, sea surface temperature distributions and some other marine phenomena correlated with this temperature. Monitoring results obtained with these preliminary algorithms are exemplified in the form of distribution maps of selected abiotic parameters of the Baltic, as well as structural and functional characteristics of this ecosystem governed by these parameters in the Baltic’s many basins. The maps cover practically the whole area of the Baltic Sea. Also given are results of preliminary inspections of the accuracy of the magnitudes shown on the maps. In actual fact, the errors of these estimates are relatively small. The further practical application of this set of algorithms (to be gradually made more specific) is therefore entirely justified as the basis of the SatBałtyk system for the effective operational monitoring of the state and functioning of Baltic ecosystems. This article also outlines the plans for extending SatBałtyk to include the recording of the effects and hazards caused by current and expected storm events in the Polish coastal zone.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2011, 53, 4
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ następczy nawozów organicznych na zawartość mikroelementów w glebie i w pszenicy
    Following effect of organic fertilizers on microelement contents in soil and wheat
    Autorzy:
    Parylak, D.
    Waclawowicz, R.
    Majchrowski, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/804561.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000
    Wydawca:
    Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
    Opis:
    Wszystkie formy nawozów organicznych zastosowane pod przedplon (burak cukrowy) spowodowały wzrost zawartości badanych mikroelementów w glebie w terminie zbioru pszenicy. W dwa lata po wprowadzeniu do gleby nawozów organicznych ilość miedzi, w porównaniu z glebą nawożoną wyłącznie nawozami mineralnymi, była większa średnio o 14,6%, cynku o 13,8%, a manganu o 7,8%. Zwiększona zawartość mikroelementów w glebie nie zawsze znajdowała odbicie w ich pobraniu przez roślinę uprawną. W porównaniu z roślinami nawożonymi wyłącznie NPK, tendencję do zwiększania zawartości Cu i Zn stwierdzono w ziarnie pszenicy uprawianej po buraku na oborniku lub kompoście koprolitowym. Zastosowane nawożenie organiczne, niezależnie od rodzaju, wpływało na ogół ograniczająco na zawartość Cu, Zn i Mn w słomie pszenicy.
    All forms of organic fertilizers applied to the forecrop (sugar beet) resulted in increased content of studied microelements in soil at the time of wheat harvest. Two years after organic fertilizer application into soil the content of copper increased by 14.6%, that of zinc by 13.8% and manganese by 7.8% on average, as compared to soil fertilized with mineral fertilizers only. Increased content of microelements in the soil did not always correspond their uptake by cultivated plant. A tendency to Cu and Zn contents higher than in plants fertilized exclusively with NPK was found only in grain of wheat grown after beet fertilized with manure or coprolyte compost. Applied organic fertilization, irrespective of its kind, generally resulted in decreased contents of Cu, Zn and Mn in wheat straw.
    Źródło:
    Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych; 2000, 471, 1
    0084-5477
    Pojawia się w:
    Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-32 z 32

      Ta witryna wykorzystuje pliki cookies do przechowywania informacji na Twoim komputerze. Pliki cookies stosujemy w celu świadczenia usług na najwyższym poziomie, w tym w sposób dostosowany do indywidualnych potrzeb. Korzystanie z witryny bez zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies oznacza, że będą one zamieszczane w Twoim komputerze. W każdym momencie możesz dokonać zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies