Autor: Kulczycki, A. - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: The influence of oxygenates on lubricity of fuels for CI engines
Autorzy:: Kulczycki, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244244.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: CI engine
CI engine fuel
lubrication additives
fuel lubricity
Opis:: Lubricity of fuels for CI engines becomes one of very important parameter since the sulphur content was decreased to 50 and actually 10 ppm. To provide effective lubrication of fuel pumps and unit injectors elements, in case fuel does not contain organic sulphur compounds, the oxygen containing organic compounds are added as lubrication additives. Biocomponents are usually introduced into mineral diesel fuel containing additives package, which includes lubricating additive (organic acid). The aim of this paper is investigation of the influence of polar oxygenates added to petroleum diesel fuel in concentration between 5 and 20% (V/V) on lubricating additive effectiveness in protective layer creation. The results of HFRR tests obtained for blends of commercial diesel fuel containing lubricating additive with biobuthanol models (MB) leads to conclusion that: − generally the buthanol isomers addition increases wear of upper ball of HFRR apparatus, − wear of upper ball of HFRR apparatus depends on the average film thickness and does not depend on tested fuels viscosity at 40°C, − dilution of commercial diesel fuel by biobuthanol models and consequently decreasing of lubricating additive concentration cannot be the only reason of deterioration of tested blends lubricity. It was concluded, that the possible reason of lubricity deterioration by buthanol added to commercial diesel fuel in concentration between 5 and 20% (V/V) are antagonistic interactions between oxygenates (buthyl alcohol) and lubricating additive. These antagonistic interactions depend on the structure of buthanol isomers.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2015, 22, 2; 121-128
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Theoretical approach to modeling the combustion process in turbine engines fuelled by alternative aviation fuels containing various components/biocomponents
Autorzy:: Kulczycki, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133680.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:: diesel fuel
jet fuel
mathematical model
combustion process
olej napędowy
paliwo lotnicze
model matematyczny
proces spalania
Opis:: The aim of this paper is presentation of the possibility of combustion processes modelling so that to better describe the influence of fuels chemistry on fuels combustion. This is important for prediction the behaviour of different alternative fuels in processes in combustion chamber. Currently used mathematical models do not sufficiently take into account the influence of fuels chemical composition on combustion process. The idea of new mathematical model is proposed in this paper. The paper presents the main assumptions of this model and the results of its preliminary verification using MiniJetRig.
Źródło:: Combustion Engines; 2017, 56, 4; 245-249
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:: Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Method of preliminary evaluation of biocomponents influence on the process of biofuels combustion in aviation turbine engines
Autorzy:: Kaźmierczak, U.
Kulczycki, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247673.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: fuel
aviation turbine engines
biofuel
synthetic hydrocarbons
engine test
Opis:: The aim of this article is presentation of the new method of preliminary evaluation of biocomponents influence on the process of biofuels combustion in aviation turbine engines. This method is based on the tests of evaluated biofuels on engine stand MiniJetRig equipped with small turbine engine. The idea of this new method is to compare the combustion process of evaluated biofuel with the combustion of reference fuels. The reference fuel used in presented research was mineral Jet A1. Two compositions of pure hydrocarbons were blended with Jet A1 fuel and tested using MiniJetRig. The main criterion of combustion process assessment was CO concentration in exhaust gases. As the final criterion of evaluated biofuel the ΔCO = [COWx – COJet] was adopted, where COWx – the concentration of CO in exhaust gases emitted during combustion of evaluated fuel and COJet – the concentration of CO in exhaust gases emitted during combustion of Jet A1 fuel. This method was preliminary verified using HEFA biofuel previously accepted for aviation application. The obtained results qualify this biofuel as similar to Jet A1 ones – the DCO was within limits –30 – +20. The presented method needs further research, using much more evaluated fuels, to confirm their usefulness for laboratory pre-selection of new biofuels.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2017, 24, 4; 83-90
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: The influence of fuels chemical composition on its lubricity : new views on the mechanism of protectionlayer creation during tribological process
Autorzy:: Kulczycki, A.
Ozimina, D.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243805.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: mechanical engineering
fuel
oils
lubrication
Opis:: The aim of this paper is to examine the current views on the mechanism of the formation of a protective film by mineral fuels and biocomponents (FAMEs and alcohols). As the experimental data show, the ability of fuels / biofuels to form a protective film under different conditions is very important to the efficient operation of fuel pumps. The mating parts of pumps are protected against wear and seizure because of the interactions between the metal surfaces and the lubricant (fuel / biofuel) at the molecular level. The tribochemical research focuses on the tribochemical reactions of lubricating additives because the base fuel is frequently treated as a solvent only. Today, most fuels for CI engines contain FAME, a biocomponent that may differ in the chemical structure depending on the type and properties of the vegetable oil used. The current trend is to produce fuels from biomass hydrocarbons, which are blended with mineral diesel fuel. It has been found that the chemical structure of biohydrocarbons is responsible for changes in the lubricity of the blends. Lubricity is determined using a standard high frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR) test because of one parameter, i.e. the wear of the ball. The results of the authors’ previous studies were used to create a new model of the protective film formation by fuels containing biocomponents (oxygenates) and biohydrocarbons. The model makes it possible to describe the tribochemical processes quantitatively. The quantitative analysis is based on the parameter αi, which is the measure of reactivity of lubricating additives and/or biocomponents related to the properties of the mating parts and the operating conditions in a tribological system. The new approach to the mechanism of the protective film formation, based on the quantitative description of tribochemical reactions, enables us to begin research on new criteria for the lubricity of fuels containing lubricating additives and biocomponents.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 1; 178-184
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Discussion over correctness of methods used for test of resistance fuels to ageing processes
Autorzy:: Dzięgielewski, W.
Kulczycki, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/241909.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: fuel
storage
fuel aging
Opis:: Research of usefulness of fuels for long-term storage is an important research of products of special use (meant for stock keeping as national or military reserves). Important fact is that fuels after storage should be used according to their initial use so their phisico-chemical and exploratory properties should remain the same during the whole storage cycle. Basic condition, enabling to foreseen that fuel will keep its quality at sufficient level in certain timeframe should be positive results of ageing tests. Below the doubts are presented whether methodology of evaluation is correct because of important differences in mechanisms of accelerated laboratory tests as well as real storage in typical conditions of storage tanks with large capacity. Differences in courses of chemical reactions and conditions of their initiation and course were pointed out. Scheme of equipment for marking content of existing gums, scheme of equipment for testing induction period, scheme of filtering and oxidizing equipment to test resistance of fuel to oxidation, effectiveness of collisions of molecules of reactants, scheme of chemical ageing process of fuels storaged in different temperature, function for different conditions ageing process of FAME, influence of value of potential molecules energy on initializing of chemical reactions are presented in the paper.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 4; 103-109
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: The influence of the chemical structure of synthetic hydrocarbons and alcohols on the lubricity of CI engine fuels and aviation fuels
Wpływ struktury chemicznej syntetycznych węglowodorów i alkoholi na smarność paliw do silników ZS i silników lotniczych
Autorzy:: Kulczycki, A.
Dzięgielewski, W
Ozimina, D.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/187785.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:: fuels
fuel lubricity
synthetic hydrocarbons
alcohols
molecular clusters
paliwa
smarność paliw
syntetyczne węglowodory
klastry molekularne
Opis:: The paper covers the mechanism of lubrication layer formation by fuels containing synthetic hydrocarbons and alcohols. Development of alternative fuels containing FAME, alcohols, and synthetic hydrocarbons has increased the interest in the mechanism of lubrication of fuelling systems parts. Fuel lubricity tests have been conducted using the HFRR and BOCLE testing rigs. Fuels under testing, both for CI engines and for aviation turbine ones, contained synthetic components: saturated hydrocarbons both of even and odd number of carbon atoms, and butanol, isomers. These components have been added to conventional fuels, such as diesel fuel and Jet A-1 fuel at the concentration of 0–20% (V/V). All fuels under testing contained commercially available lubricity improvers (carboxylic acid). Test results were analysed using model αi described in [L. 6, 7]. As a result of the analysis, it has been found that the liquid phase, which is a lubricating film, should contain agglomerates or molecular clusters responsible for the transport of energy introduced into lubricating film by electrons emitted from metal surface. The mechanism enabling a description of the effect of base fuel without lubricity improvers on efficiency of such additives has been suggested.
Przedmiotem artykułu jest mechanizm tworzenia warstwy smarującej przez paliwa zawierające syntetyczne węglowodory i alkohole. Rozwój paliw alternatywnych spowodował wzrost zainteresowania mechanizmem smarowania elementów układów zasilania silników. Badania smarności paliw prowadzono z użyciem aparatów HFRR i BOCLE. Badane paliwa do silników o ZS i paliwa do turbinowych silników lotniczych zawierały trzy serie syntetycznych komponentów: węglowodory parafinowe o parzystej liczbie atomów węgla, węglowodory parafinowe o nieparzystej liczbie atomów węgla oraz izomery butanolu. Powyższe syntetyczne komponenty były dodawane do mineralnych paliw: oleju napędowego i paliwa Jet A1 w ilości 0–20% (V/V). Wszystkie badane paliwa zawierały komercyjnie dostępne dodatki smarnościowe (kwas karboksylowy). Wyniki badań eksperymentalnych były analizowane z zastosowaniem modelu αi opisanego w publikacjach [L. 6, 7]. W rezultacie przeprowadzonej analizy stwierdzono, że faza ciekła – film smarny powinna zawierać aglomeraty lub klastry molekularne, które są odpowiedzialne za transport energii wprowadzanej do filmu smarnego przez elektrony emitowane z powierzchni metalu. Zaproponowano mechanizm, który może wyjaśnić wpływ paliwa bazowego (bez dodatków smarnościowych) na efektywność działania dodatków smarnościowych.
Źródło:: Tribologia; 2017, 273, 3; 91-100
0208-7774
Pojawia się w:: Tribologia
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: Low temperature properties of fuel mixtures of kerosene and fame type used to supply turbine engines in marine and other non-aeronautical applications
Autorzy:: Dzięgielewski, W.
Gawron, B.
Kulczycki, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/260024.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:: jet fuel
biocomponents
marine turbine engine
low temperature properties
Opis:: A worldwide trend to popularise gradually increasing use of biofuels in various applications was a motivation for gaining interest in FAME as a commonly available biocomponent to fuels combusted in turbine engines. These engines are mainly used in aeronautics, but many of them are also used in other, non-aeronautical areas, including marine navigation. Specific conditions in which fuels are combusted in turbine engines used in these applications are the reason why fuel mixtures of kerosene and FAME type should reveal relevant low temperature characteristics. The article presents results of tests of low temperature properties of mixtures of the jet fuel Jet A-1 and methyl esters of higher fatty acids (FAME). The prepared mixtures contained different contents of FAME. The obtained results present changes of: viscosity, cloud point, pour point, crystallising point, and cold filter plugging point, depending on the percentage by volume of FAME. They also prove that the course of changes of low temperature properties of these mixtures is affected by chemical structure of the biocomponent.
Źródło:: Polish Maritime Research; 2015, 2; 101-105
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:: Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: Ocena smarności mieszanin estrów metylowych kwasów tłuszczowych otrzymywanych z olejów roślinnych w oleju napędowym
Assessment of lubricity of mixtures of fatty acid methyl esters derived from vegetable oils in fuel oil
Autorzy:: Sułek, M.W.
Kulczycki, A.
Małysa, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/190472.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2009
Wydawca:: Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:: olej napędowy
współczynnik tarcia
smarność
zużycie
biopaliwa
estry metylowe kwasów tłuszczowych
biokomponent
diesel fuel
friction coefficient
lubricity
wear
biofuels
fatty acid methyl esters
biocomponents
Opis:: Przedstawione rezultaty badań są częścią programu badawczego, w którym dokonano optymalizacji składu kompozycji oleju napędowego z dodatkami estrów metylowych kwasów tłuszczowych (FAME – Fatty Acid Methyl Esters) otrzymanych z olejów roślinnych, które znalazłyby zastosowanie jako ekologiczne paliwa do silników z zapłonem samoczynnym (diesla). Jako potencjalne dodatki modyfikujące właściwości smarne oleju napędowego zaproponowano roztwory mieszanin FAME. Dla wytypowanych kompozycji biopaliw wykonano badania tribologiczne, z wykorzystaniem aparatu realizującego ruch posuwisto-zwrotny kulki po płaszczyźnie z wysoką częstotliwością (HFRR – High Frequency Reciprocating Ring – Ball-on-Flat). Badania prowadzone były dla: skojarzenia materiałowego stal–stal i styku skoncentrowanego. Właściwości tribologiczne określono przez: opory ruchu, zużycie i stopień pokrycia filmem smarnym. Celem przeprowadzonych badań było podjęcie próby otrzymania korelacji między mierzonymi wielkościami charakteryzującymi tarcie a udziałem procentowym biododatków w oleju napędowym. Wykazano, że już przy 10% udziale dodatku mieszaniny FAME z oleju rzepakowego z FAME z oleju słonecznikowego w stosunku 1:1 w oleju napędowym, współczynnik tarcia maleje o ok. 30%, a zużycie zmniejsza się prawie dwukrotnie względem oleju napędowego, co może być wynikiem wzrostu trwałości filmu smarnego.
The results presented are a part of the research program aimed at the optimisation of diesel fuel containing fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) derived from vegetable oils. The esters could be applied as an ecological fuel for diesel engines. FAME solutions were proposed as additives modifying the lubricity of diesel fuel. For the bio-diesels selected, tribological tests using high frequency reciprocating ring ball-on-flat apparatus were performed. The tests were carried out for steel-steel and concentrated contact. The tribological properties are described as motion resistance and the level of coverage by the lubricating film. The purpose of the research was to determine the correlation between the friction characteristics measured and the content of bio-additives in diesel fuel. It was proved that, at 10% content of the mixtures, the friction coefficient was reduced by 20% and wear was reduced 2-fold, as compared to diesel oil. This can be a result of an increase of the durability of the lubricating film.
Źródło:: Tribologia; 2009, 4; 189-197
0208-7774
Pojawia się w:: Tribologia
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: The use of biodegradable cutting fluid for thin and hard a-C:H and TiAlN coatings
Zastosowanie biodegradowalnej cieczy chłodząco-smarującej z cienkimi, twardymi powłokami a-C:H i TiAlN
Autorzy:: Madej, M.
Kowalczyk, J.
Kulczycki, A.
Ozimina, D.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/188548.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:: biodegradable cutting fluid
a-C:H and TiAlN coatings
friction
wear
biodegradowalne ciecze obróbkowe
powłoka a-C:H i TiAlN
tarcie
zużycie
Opis:: This paper presents results of tribological tests performed under lubricated friction conditions using a T-01M analyser. The lubricant was biodegradable cutting fluid containing a special-purpose additive – zinc aspartate. The discs for the ball-on-disc configuration were made of HS6-5-2C steel. The study involved testing coated and uncoated steel specimens. The a-C:H and TiAlN coatings were produced using physical vapour deposition (PVD). The structure of the coatings was analysed before and after the tribological tests with a JSM-7100F scanning electron microscope. The coating hardness was measured using a CSM Instruments nano-hardness tester (NHT). The coating surface texture of the coated and uncoated discs was determined by means of a Talysurf CCI Lite profilometer. The thin boundary films that formed in the friction area prevented the surfaces from coming into direct contact. The films improved the motion resistance and provided anticorrosive protection during the tests. The biodegradable cutting fluid used in the study had no negative effect on the environment.
W artykule zestawiono wyniki badań tribologicznych wykonane na testerze T-01M w warunkach tarcia ze smarowaniem biodegradowalną cieczą chłodząco-smarującą zawierającą dodatek uszlachetniający – asparginian cynku. Tarcze były wykonane ze stali HS6-5-2C bez i z naniesioną powłoką a-C:H oraz TiAlN techniką fizycznego osadzania z fazy gazowej PVD. Obserwacje struktury powłok przed testem tribologicznym wykonano mikroskopem skaningowym SEM JSM-7100F. Twardość powłok przed testem tribologicznym zmierzono za pomocą nanotwardościomierza NHT CSM Instrument. Natomiast analizę struktury geometrycznej powierzchni tarcz bez powłoki i z powłokami przed oraz po testach tribologicznych wykonano profilometrem optycznym Talysurf CCI Lite. W miejscu tarcia powstały warstwy graniczne, które zabezpieczyły przed bezpośrednim kontaktem powierzchni współpracujących tarciowo. Warstwy te przyczyniły się do zmniejszenia oporów ruchu oraz zapewniły ochronę antykorozyjną w czasie prowadzenia testów. Ponadto użyta do badań ciecz chodząco-smarująca jest biodegradowalna i nie wykazała negatywnego wpływu na środowisko.
Źródło:: Tribologia; 2017, 276, 6; 45-52
0208-7774
Pojawia się w:: Tribologia
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: Impact of the additives used in mineral jet fuels on the lubricating properties of synthetic fuels for turbine aircraft engines
Autorzy:: Dzięgielewski, W.
Kaźmierczak, U.
Kulczycki, A.
Ozimina, D.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245539.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: lubricity
fuels for turbine aircraft engines
synthetic components
additives
Opis:: Hydrocarbon containing synthetic fuels represent a promising alternative fuels. Despite different chemical compositions, their properties should be similar to properties of mineral fuels, as they are designed for the same drive units. The basic parameter related to the protection of the adequate service life of the power supply devices, including precision pairs, is lubricity. Lubricity depends on a number of factors, including these related to the chemical composition of fuel components and operating additives introduced into fuels in order to modify their properties. The preliminary results of research on the effect of additives: lubricating, anti-corrosion and anti-electrostatic once, on the lubricating properties of a synthetic fuel are shown in the paper. It was observed that there are relations between the content of additives and the dynamics of film formation. It is significant that this does not apply only to the lubricating additive, but also the additive, which protects the correct electrostatic balance by providing sufficiently high electrical conductivity of the fuel. This may indicate that the formation of a lubricating film remains in relation to the intensity of energy transport from the lubricated surface to the molecules of lubricating additives inside the film. The results shown in the paper preliminary confirm the hypothesis, that synthetic components of fuels change the concentration of ordered molecular structures (which are present in mineral part of fuels and which can be responsible for energy transport inside the lubricating film), what resulted in worse fuel ability to create protective film, and anti-electrostatic additive improves lubricity of blends of synthetic and mineral components.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 2; 121-128
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 11.

Tytuł:: Butanol/biobutanol as a component of an aviation and diesel fuel
Autorzy:: Dzięgielewski, W.
Gawron, W.
Kaźmierczak, U.
Kulczycki, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247384.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: aviation
diesel fuels
biocomponents
CO2 emission
Opis:: This paper describes the analysis and conclusions regarding the use of butanol/biobutanol as a component of conventional mineral fuels employed in different areas of transportation. Butanol from biomass - biobutanol is interesting as biocomponent of gasoline, diesel fuel as well as aviation fuels. This is especially important in case of air transport, which is the carbon dioxide emission source of the fastest growth. Biobutanol is tested as biocomponent of gasoline, including aviation ones, but there are no information about biobutanol added to mineral Jet fuel as well as diesel fuel. Direction of research conducted by leading aviation companies indicates that hydrocarbon biocomponent will be main biofuel used as aviation turbine fuel. One of reported technology is focused on use of butane-1-ol as semi-finished products for isoparaffinic hydrocarbons generation that then would be used for aviation turbine fuels production. In order to do such analysis the preliminary lab testing of blends of butanol isomers with aviation fuel Jet A-1 and diesel fuel were performed. The paper contains the results of standard tests for blends of mineral fuels with butane-1-ol and butane-2-ol added in concentration of 0-20 %(V/V). Both the advantages and disadvantages regarding the use of such component of mineral fuels are presented. Butanol decreases value of flash point and significantly influence on conductivity of Jet fuel. In case of aviation fuel for turbine engines, and diesel fuel, the restrictions regarding direct use of butanol are important. However, butanol can be treated as semi-finished material for synthesizing of biohydrocarbons used in above applications.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 2; 69-75
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 12.

Tytuł:: The role of molecularly ordered structures in energy transport enhancement during combustion process : a new conception of a reaction mechanism of fuel components oxidation
Autorzy:: Białecki, T.
Dzięgielewski, W.
Gawron, B.
Kaźmierczak, U.
Kulczycki, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245703.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: molecular clusters
turbojet engine
butanol
combustion process
carbon oxide emission
Opis:: This article presents the results of investigations focused on the role of molecularly ordered structures (molecular clusters) on combustion process. The proposed new mechanism of the reactions initiation takes into account the role of molecular clusters in energy (heat and energy of electrons emitted by the surface of the walls of combustion chamber) conductivity regulation. Literature survey shows that molecular clusters created by aromatic hydrocarbons are responsible for particulate matter. The combustion process itself is not uniform in whole combustion chamber. Such diversity, caused mainly by heterogeneous thermal state of combustion chamber is recognized as significant reason to create various products of combustion including carbon oxides, carbon dioxides and nitrogen oxides. Jet fuel and its blends with n-butanol and biobutanol in concentration from 10 to 75 % (V/V) were subjected to laboratory tests. Such blends were also tested on the test rig with a miniature turbojet engine – MiniJETRig. Engine operating parameters and carbon oxide emission were measured. The relations between electrical conductivity and parameters of engine test (e.g. temperature in selected points in combustion chamber) were assessed. Engine tests were carried out according to specific profile of engine test, which models different engine operating modes. The results of experimental investigations, shown in the article, initially confirm the proposed mechanism of the oxidation reactions initiation during combustion process.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 4; 17-24
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 13.

Tytuł:: The method, based on storage simulator and IR – VIS spectroscopy, for predicting the allowable time of storage of biocomponents for CI engines
Autorzy:: Dzięgielewski, W.
Kaźmierczak, U.
Kulczycki, A.
Okniński, R.
Stefanowicz, P.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242434.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: fuel
fuel aging
oils
lubrication
biocomponents
Opis:: The paper presents the results of investigations concerning a new method used for predicting the allowable time of storage of biocomponents – FAME. The method was based on laboratory research carried out with the use of a storage tank simulator. The aging process was carried out in the conditions increasing the reaction rate – at high temperature. There are several methods/procedures used for predicting the allowable time of storage of fuels and biocomponents – FAME, but all of them are based on tests at the temperature so high that the mechanism of aging process is different than the one observed in storage tanks. It was assumed that the aging process could be divided into two stages: at the first stage, the aging precursors are created and at the second stage, precursors are converted into the fuel aging products. These products lead to changes in fuel properties. The kinetics of precursor creation determines the rate of all reactions, which lead to the final aging products. It was found that the rate of reaction at the first stage of fuel aging can be effectively increased by an increase in temperature and even relatively high temperature does not change the mechanism of the creation of aging precursors. The method that has been worked out makes it possible to control the mechanism of aging process during quick laboratory tests. The products of aging processes were detected with the use of the IR-VIS spectrometry. The allowable time of storage was determined for several FAME samples on the basis of quick laboratory tests. The results of laboratory quick tests were verified by comparing them with the results of the aging process of FAME in storage tanks. On the basis of the test results, the algorithm of allowable time of FAME storage calculation was worked out.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 1; 115-121
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 14.

Tytuł:: The new stand for aging of biocomponents and biofuels process testing at relatively short time
Autorzy:: Dzięgielewski, W.
Kaźmierczak, U.
Kulczycki, A.
Okniński, R.
Stefanowicz, P.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/949517.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: biofuels
biocomponents
ageing process
test bench
method of measuring
Opis:: In the paper, the concept of a model bench for accelerated ageing of bio-components and biofuels was presented. It is used to simulate the ageing process of biofuels and components of vegetable or animal origin, taking place during storage in the storage tanks. The construction of the bench’s essential elements and its equipment were designed and implemented in such a way as to mostly reflect actual storage conditions in large capacity tanks. An additional and unprecedented function of the bench includes the possibility to simulate the product transport conditions. Furthermore, a method of the test, with the use of simultaneously performed traditional tests on the physical and chemical properties monitored in the process of storage was presented. An analysis of the relation between values of the parameters obtained with different methods (on the model bench and under laboratory conditions) was conducted. In addition, their usefulness to assess the impact of logistic processes on the product quality was presented. In the paper, the results of the work executed within the framework of the project “Development of a prototype of the monitoring system the ageing rate and degree of bio-components and biofuels” within the Program Innovative Economy Operational Programme, Measure 1.4. “Support for goal-oriented projects” were used.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 2; 105-112
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 15.

Tytuł:: The impact of the type of cutting fluid on the turning process
Ocena wpływu rodzaju cieczy chłodząco-smarującej na proces toczenia
Autorzy:: Ozimina, D.
Kowalczyk, J.
Madej, M.
Nowakowski, Ł.
Kulczycki, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/188174.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:: biodegradable cutting fluid
turning
friction
wear
biodegradowalna ciecz obróbkowa
toczenie
tarcie
zużycie
Opis:: This article compares the test results concerning the wear of cutting tools after face turning under dry friction conditions and lubricated friction conditions with biodegradable cutting fluid or mineral-oil based emulsion. The turning was performed using a CTX 310 ECO machine tool. The wear of the cutting tools was measured by means of stereo zoom microscopy (SX80), while the elements were identified through scanning electron microscopy (JSM 7100F). The tribological tests were conducted for a ball-on-disc configuration in sliding contact using a T-01M tribometer. The surface textures of the face turned specimens were measured with a Talysurf CCI Lite optical profiler. The study also involved determining the foaming tendency and corrosive effects of both cutting fluids. The use of the biodegradable cutting fluid with low foaming tendency resulted in lower wear and higher corrosion resistance of the tool.
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań zużycia narzędzi skrawających po procesie toczenia czołowego w warunkach tarcia technicznie suchego, ze smarowaniem biodegradowalną cieczą obróbkową oraz emulsją opartą na oleju mineralnym. Badania wykonano na tokarce CTX 310 ECO. Po obróbce zmierzono zużycie narzędzi za pomocą stereoskopowego mikroskopu inspekcyjnego SX80, a identyfikację pierwiastków przeprowadzono z użyciem skaningowego mikroskopu elektronowego JSM 7100F. Testy tribologiczne wykonano na urządzeniu T-01M. Pomiary struktury geometrycznej powierzchni elementów toczonych czołowo wykonano profilometrem optycznym Talysurf CCI Lite. Dodatkowo przeprowadzono badania pienienia i korozji cieczy obróbkowych. Zastosowane w badaniach biodegradowalne chłodziwo wpłynęło na zmniejszenie wybranych wskaźników opisujących zużycie narzędzia, a także zapewniło lepsze właściwości przeciwkorozyjne oraz przeciwpienne.
Źródło:: Tribologia; 2017, 273, 3; 119-126
0208-7774
Pojawia się w:: Tribologia
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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