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Tytuł:
Surfactant fouling in pressure-driven membrane processes
Autorzy:
Klimonda, Aleksandra
Kowalska, Izabela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28407427.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
membrane processes
surfactants
micellar solution
nanofiltration
procesy membranowe
środki powierzchniowo-czynne
roztwór micelarny
nanofiltracja
Opis:
The fouling phenomenon of porous polymeric ultrafiltration and nanofiltration membranes was investigated during the purification of solutions containing surfactants. The effects of surfactant type, concentration, and membrane pore size on process performance were evaluated. The highest intensity of membrane fouling was caused by micellar solutions, resulting from the coexistence of monomeric and aggregated surfactant forms. A significant role of hydrophobic/hydrophilic interactions between surfactants and the polymer surface in membrane fouling was proved. Interpretation of the theoretical fouling model showed that cake formation is the dominant fouling mechanism of membranes.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2023, 49, 4; 109--119
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessing the energy security of European countries in the resource and economic context
Autorzy:
Jonek-Kowalska, Izabela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/19322538.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
energy sources and economic development
energy security
determinants of energy mixes
Opis:
Research background: In recent years, much attention in the literature has been paid to the economic and environmental conditions of energy development as a key sector for the development of national economies. The issue of availability of individual energy resources and related energy security is receding into the background, most often due to the strong globalization of economies and the associated assumption of free international flow of goods and services, and thus practically unlimited possibilities of buying on the international commodity markets and energy exchanges. Nevertheless, the importance of energy security increases significantly in crisis situations. Purpose of the article: Bearing in mind the circumstances indicated above, the main objective of this article is to assess the energy security of European countries carried out in the context of resource and economic conditions. Methods: The article proposes its own methodological approach to the assessment of energy security based on the analysis of the energy mixes of 32 European countries and the availability of their own internal energy sources. In the process of classifying the studied economies into homogeneous groups in terms of resource and economic determinants (GDP per capita), principal component analysis was used. Findings & value added: The theoretical and methodological added value of the article results from the development of the author's approach to the assessment of energy security using individual and aggregated energy sufficiency index. Empirical added value is related to the results of energy security assessment in European countries, which can be used in shaping energy policies. Therefore, most of the 32 European countries assessed have a low level of energy security, which is due to the dominant use of non-renewable energy resources in their energy mixes. Countries with a high level of energy security have their own non-renewable resources or use alternative energy carriers in the form of renewable sources, hydropower or nuclear energy.
Źródło:
Oeconomia Copernicana; 2022, 13, 2; 301-334
2083-1277
Pojawia się w:
Oeconomia Copernicana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Regeneration of polymer and ceramic modules with the use of recovered single-phase detergent. Dairy industry case study
Autorzy:
Kowalska, Izabela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2171848.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
dairy industry
membrane separation
dairy wastewater
membrane technology
przemysł mleczarski
separacja membranowa
ścieki mleczarskie
technologia membranowa
Opis:
The effectiveness of recovered washing compositions containing single-phase detergents from cleaning-in-place (CIP) systems as solutions for the regeneration of membrane modules fouled during the filtration of wastewater from the prerinsing of the production line (white water) was assessed. The influence of process parameters (regeneration time, transmembrane pressure, cross-flow velocity, and solution temperature) on relative flux recovery was evaluated. A significantly higher regeneration efficiency of the ceramic and polymeric modules was obtained for the alkaline detergent compared to that of the acid formula. The key process parameters for the regeneration cycle were the contact time of the module with the cleaning detergent and its temperature. The influence of transmembrane pressure and cross-flow velocity on module permeability was negligible. Filtration experiments with white water confirmed that the membrane separation process is suitable for the recovery of milk compounds from dairy effluents.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2022, 48, 4; 85--96
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The usage of renewable energy sources by countries in the Visegrád Group. Diagnosis and environmental effects
Autorzy:
Jonek-Kowalska, Izabela
Kurdelski, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27313460.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
renewable energy sources
energy policy
resource economics
energy mix analysis
odnawialne źródła energii
Polityka energetyczna
ekonomika zasobów
analiza miksu energetycznego
Opis:
Purpose: The goal of this article is evaluation and comparative analysis of the usage of renewable energy sources in the countries of the Visegrád Group in the years 2000-2020, in context of the current environmental situation in the European Union, concerning the reduction of CO2 emissions. Design/methodology/approach: The data regarding the creation of renewable energy used in this article is divided into: solar energy, wind energy, biomass and hydroenergy the division, in order to evaluate their usage in the energy mix of the Visegrád Group nations. Furthermore, in the research, the data on CO2 emissions in those countries has been used to measure the effects of the European Union's environment policy. This analysis used: average annual rate of change, trend function, as well as dependency analysis using the Pearson correlation coefficient. Findings: The results of the study suggest, that all of the countries belonging to the Visegrád Group take systemic measures to increase the share of renewable sources in the energy mix (most intensively in Poland). Nonetheless, the countries that reduce CO2 emissions the fastest are the Czech Republic and Slovakia. A smaller amount of success in this area is noted by Hungary. The CO2 emission rate per capita in Poland is maintained on a constant level, which shows ineffectiveness of the actions taken as part of the environmental policy. Research limitations/implications: The main limitation of the study is the usage of simple analytical methods of evaluation, that result from poor quality of available data and the restriction of the environmental effect assessment, which only identifies the correlation of linear relationships between CO2 emissions and the involvement of renewable sources in the energy mix of the studied countries. Practical implications: The results represent a foundation for recommendations to address the energetic policies of the studied countries. They may also serve as an example of the energy mix transformation in growing economies. Social implications: The results point to a low usage of renewable energy in the Visegrád Group and also partly (Poland, Hungary) a small range of the reduction of CO2 emissions per capita, which suggests the need to intensify actions for more efficient energy mix transformations, as well as sustainable development in the studied countries. Originality/value: The authenticity of the study results stems from a comparative analysis of the Visegrád Group's countries energy resource mix. Another advantage of this analysis is its embedding in the context of CO2 emission results.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska; 2022, 161; 37--51
1641-3466
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Newly crosslinked chitosan-based hydrogel biomaterials: physical, chemical and mechanical investigation
Autorzy:
Salagierski, Szymon
Dziadek, Michał
Dziadek, Kinga
Drozdowska, Mariola
Serafim, Andrada
Stancu, Izabela-Cristina
Szatkowski, Piotr
Kopec, Aneta
Rajzer, Izabela
Cholewa-Kowalska, Katarzyna
Douglas, Timothy E.L
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1844742.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Polskie Towarzystwo Biominerałów
Źródło:
Engineering of Biomaterials; 2021, 24, 163; 116
1429-7248
Pojawia się w:
Engineering of Biomaterials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
BIBLIOGRAFIA MAZOWSZA PŁOCKIEGO ZA OKRES 1 I – 31 III 2019 R.
BIBLIOGRAPHY OF MAZOVIAN PŁOCK FOR THE PERIOD 1 I – 31 III 2019
Autorzy:
Bziuk, Justyna
Istal, Izabela
Kozłowska, Ewa
Mazurska, Wiesława
Typiak-Kowalska, Iwona
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/490521.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Naukowe Płockie
Źródło:
Notatki Płockie. Kwartalnik Towarzystwa Naukowego Płockiego; 2020, 1(262); s. 52-70
0029-389X
Pojawia się w:
Notatki Płockie. Kwartalnik Towarzystwa Naukowego Płockiego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cocoa powder as source of phenolic compounds, determining factors – a review®
Proszek kakaowy jako źródło związków fenolowych, czynniki determinujące – przegląd®
Autorzy:
Hurko-Romeyko, Izabela
Kowalska, Jolanta
Pochitskaya, Irina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1536310.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Menedżerska w Warszawie
Tematy:
cocoa beans
cocoa powder
chocolate
polyphenols content
ziarna kakaowe
proszek kakaowy
czekolada
zawartość polifenoli
Opis:
In recent years, there has been increasing interest in the properties of cocoa powder as sources of valuable polyphenolic compounds. Cocoa powder is obtained in a multistage process of cocoa beans processing, during which many valuable biocomponents are lost. The aim of this article is to characterize phenolic compounds present in cocoa powder in the context of their beneficial effects on human health.
W ostatnich latach wzrosło zainteresowanie właściwościami proszku kakaowego jako źródła cennych związków polifenolowych. Proszek kakaowy otrzymywany jest w wieloetapowym procesie przetwarzania ziarna kakaowego, podczas którego traconych jest wiele cennych biokomponentów. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest charakterystyka związków fenolowych obecnych w proszku kakaowym w kontekście korzystnego wpływu na zdrowie człowieka.
Źródło:
Postępy Techniki Przetwórstwa Spożywczego; 2020, 2; 117--124
0867-793X
2719-3691
Pojawia się w:
Postępy Techniki Przetwórstwa Spożywczego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Economic conditions for the development of smart cities in Poland in a regional perspective
Autorzy:
Jonek-Kowalska, Izabela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1918786.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
smart city
municipal economy
management
Polska
inteligentne miasto
ekonomia komunalna
zarządzanie
Polska
Opis:
Purpose: The main purpose of the article is to identify the economic conditions for the development of smart cities in Poland and their changes over time. Design/methodology/approach: To achieve this goal, the first part of the article presents the distinguishing features of a smart city. Then, in national and international terms, the regions in which such units develop most dynamically and most often are indicated. In the second part of the article, the analysis of economic conditions is limited to Poland in the Voivodeship system. In the course of the study, budget data of Polish communes from 2003-2017 are used. The study covers the level of income per capita, as well as property and investment expenses, while looking for regularities and features that predispose a given region for creating smart cities. At the end, tips are formulated with the orientation both at supporting the idea of developing smart cities in Poland and preventing economic exclusion of those regions that are currently not actively participating in their creation. Findings: The incomes of communes in Poland in all researched Voivodeships in the years 2003-2017 systematically increased. The overall increase in the value of income per capita over the fifteen year research period ranged from 78% to almost 120%. However, the fastest income growth rate concerned Voivodeships with the largest number of smart cities (already existing and listed in international rankings and classifications) and the highest absolute income per capita. These were the Masovian and Pomeranian Voivodeships, which, in connection with the above, can be considered the most entitled to create smart cities in Poland. Originality/value: The research on financial aspects of smart cities development is rarely analyzed in literature and practice, therefore the results and conclusions fill the existing gap and contribute to municipal economics and management, especially in Poland.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska; 2020, 146; 187-198
1641-3466
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
National comparison of methods for determination of radon in water
Autorzy:
Mazur, Jadwiga
Kozak, Krzysztof
Grządziel, Dominik
Guguła, Szymon
Mroczek, Mariusz
Kozłowska, Beata
Walencik-Łata, Agata
Podgórska, Zuzanna
Wołoszczuk, Katarzyna
Przylibski, Tadeusz A.
Kowalska, Agata
Domin, Elżbieta
Wysocka, Małgorzata
Chałupnik, Stanisław
Chmielewska, Izabela
Długosz-Lisiecka, Magdalena
Szajerski, Piotr
Chau, Nguyen Dinh
Krakowska, Paulina
Pliszczyński, Tomasz
Ośko, Jakub
Dymecka, Małgorzata
Mazurek, Daria
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148272.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
AlphaGUARD monitor
interlaboratory comparison
LSC method
radon in water
Z-score value
Opis:
The article describes three interlaboratory experiments concerning 222Rn determination in water samples. The first two experiments were carried out with the use of artificial radon waters prepared by the Laboratory of Radiometric Expertise (LER), Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences in Kraków in 2014 and 2018. The third experiment was performed using natural environment waters collected in the vicinity of the former uranium mine in Kowary in 2016. Most of the institutions performing radon in water measurements in Poland were gathered in the Polish Radon Centre Network, and they participated in the experiments. The goal of these exercises was to evaluate different measurement techniques used routinely in Polish laboratories and the laboratories’ proficiency of radon in water measurements. In the experiment performed in 2018, the reference values of 222Rn concentration in water were calculated based on the method developed at LER. The participants’ results appeared to be worse for low radon concentration than for high radon concentrations. The conclusions drawn on that base indicated the weaknesses of the used methods and probably the sampling. The interlaboratory experiments, in term, can help to improve the participants’ skills and reliability of their results.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2020, 65, 2; 77-81
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Separation and concentration of cationic surfactant solutions with the use of ceramic modules
Autorzy:
Klimonda, Aleksandra
Kowalska, Izabela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/207592.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
surfaktanty
nanofiltracja
membrana
surfactants
nanofiltration
membrane
Opis:
This paper presents the findings of experimental research on employing ultrafiltration and microfiltration ceramic modules (150 kDa, 0.14 μm, 0.45 μm) for removal and concentration of the cationic surfactant Tequat LC90i (TEAQ) from water solutions. The filtration tests were performed at a semi-pilot installation in a crossflow regime. The feed solution parameters (surfactant concentration, pH of the treated solution, the presence of inorganic salt), and process conditions (transmembrane pressure and linear velocity) on the membrane filtration efficiency were evaluated. In all tests, very satisfactory TEAQ retention coefficients (in the range of 70–95) have been achieved. However, surfactant fouling occurred resulting in deterioration of the permeability of the modules. Modules characterized by the pore sizes greater than the size of surfactant particles (i.e., 0.45 μm modules) proved to be the most fouling resistant ones. It was also proven that process performance at high linear flow velocity can efficiently reduce the intensity of membrane pore blocking.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2020, 46, 2; 41-51
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Use of customer satisfaction survey in analytical marketing of a research institute
Autorzy:
Dulewski, Mateusz
Jonek-Kowalska, Izabela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1925912.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
analytical marketing
research institute
customer satisfaction survey
customer relations
customer loyalty
marketing analityczny
Instytut Badawczy
ankieta zadowolenia klienta
relacje z klientem
lojalność klientów
Opis:
Purpose: Research institutes in Poland, when focusing on scientific and research activities, do not always find time and are not always keen on preparing and using modern marketing tools. Meanwhile, these tools in the conditions of strong competition could significantly improve their relations with customers and the strength of market influence. Given the above circumstances, the purpose of this article is to present the design, implementation and results of a customer satisfaction survey at one of the Polish research institutes. Design/methodology/approach: As part of the design and implementation of the customer satisfaction survey, the Net Promoter Score method and marketing automation instruments were used to assess the quality of customer relations and the level of customer loyalty to the studied institute (case study). Findings: The surveyed customers were mostly satisfied with the services and relationships with the described research institute. The areas requiring improvement were the pricing policy and the way the offer was presented. Research limitations/implications: Limitations resulting from research are typical for case studies and relate to the inability to generalize the results. Nevertheless, the obtained conclusions may constitute the basis for improving analytical marketing tools in other research units. Originality/value: The cognitive value of the article includes the design and implementation of a customer satisfaction survey at a research institute, and personalized practical conclusions about the level of customer satisfaction and loyalty of the studied institute.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska; 2020, 148; 117-128
1641-3466
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Use of customer satisfaction survey in analytical marketing of a research institute
Autorzy:
Dulewski, Mateusz
Jonek-Kowalska, Izabela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1883609.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
analytical marketing
research institute
customer satisfaction survey
customer relations
customer loyalty
marketing analityczny
instytut badawczy
ankieta zadowolenia klienta
relacje z klientem
lojalność klientów
Opis:
Purpose: Research institutes in Poland, when focusing on scientific and research activities, do not always find time and are not always keen on preparing and using modern marketing tools. Meanwhile, these tools in the conditions of strong competition could significantly improve their relations with customers and the strength of market influence. Given the above circumstances, the purpose of this article is to present the design, implementation and results of a customer satisfaction survey at one of the Polish research institutes. Design/methodology/approach: As part of the design and implementation of the customer satisfaction survey, the Net Promoter Score method and marketing automation instruments were used to assess the quality of customer relations and the level of customer loyalty to the studied institute (case study). Findings: The surveyed customers were mostly satisfied with the services and relationships with the described research institute. The areas requiring improvement were the pricing policy and the way the offer was presented. Research limitations/implications: Limitations resulting from research are typical for case studies and relate to the inability to generalize the results. Nevertheless, the obtained conclusions may constitute the basis for improving analytical marketing tools in other research units. Originality/value: The cognitive value of the article includes the design and implementation of a customer satisfaction survey at a research institute, and personalized practical conclusions about the level of customer satisfaction and loyalty of the studied institute.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska; 2020, 145; 89-100
1641-3466
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
BIBLIOGRAFIA MAZOWSZA PŁOCKIEGO ZA OKRES 1 I – 31 III 2018 R.
BIBLIOGRAPHY OF MAZOVIAN PŁOCK FOR THE PERIOD 1 I – 31 III 2018
Autorzy:
Istal, Izabela
Kozłowska, Ewa
Mazurska, Wiesława
Typiak-Kowalska, Iwona
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/493496.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Naukowe Płockie
Źródło:
Notatki Płockie. Kwartalnik Towarzystwa Naukowego Płockiego; 2019, 1(258); 54-70
0029-389X
Pojawia się w:
Notatki Płockie. Kwartalnik Towarzystwa Naukowego Płockiego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
BIBLIOGRAFIA MAZOWSZA PŁOCKIEGO ZA OKRES 1 IV – 30 VI 2018 R.
BIBLIOGRAPHY OF MAZOVIAN PŁOCK FOR THE PERIOD 1 IV – 30 VI 2018
Autorzy:
Istal, Izabela
Kozłowska, Ewa
Mazurska, Wiesława
Typiak-Kowalska, Iwona
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/492227.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Naukowe Płockie
Źródło:
Notatki Płockie. Kwartalnik Towarzystwa Naukowego Płockiego; 2019, 2(259); s. 54-71
0029-389X
Pojawia się w:
Notatki Płockie. Kwartalnik Towarzystwa Naukowego Płockiego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 186

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