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Tytuł:
An integrated treatment technology for ground fissures of shallow coal seam mining in the mountainous area of southwestern China: a typical case study
Zintegrowana technologia zapobiegania pęknięciom gruntu w procesie wydobywania płytkich pokładów węgla w górzystym obszarze południowo-zachodnich Chin: typowe studium przypadku
Autorzy:
Zhu, H.
He, F.
Zhang, S.
Yang, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/215969.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN
Tematy:
wydobywanie węgla
płytki pokład węgla
pęknięcia gruntu
zapadlisko górnicze
zintegrowana technologia zapobiegania
ochrona środowiska
shallow coal seam mining
ground fissures
surface sinkhole
integrated treatment technology
environmental protection
Opis:
This article is the result of treatments on ground fissures for environmental protection and scientific shallow coal seam mining. In the southwestern mining area of China, the traditional longwall mining method has caused a large area of surface sinkhole, ground fissures, vegetation deterioration and disorderly coal gangue. To solve these problems, an integrated treatment technology that includes ground fissure treatment technology and underground backfilled technology was proposed as a solution. The technical principle and technical process were explained in detail; the ground fissure treatment technology involves a “three-step treatment method”, and the underground backfilled technology adopted a strip mining method with backfilling technology. The compression mechanical behavior of backfilled material, including coal gangue, fly ash and ordinary Portland cement, was studied; the mixed ratio of 1:0.3:0.18 was selected. In addition, the vertical stress, vertical displacement and plastic zone of the coal pillar were determined by FLAC3D numerical simulation, and a rational mining scheme of “11 m mining width, 2 m coal pillar width” was determined to be appropriate because of the lower vertical stress, smaller vertical displacement and better supporting capacity of the coal pillar. The monitoring results of ground sinkhole indicated that the maximal ground sinkhole deformation was 17.3 cm, and the deformation showed few changes after this technology was implemented. The treatment capacity of coal gangue and fly ash reached 821.150 t per year, and the vegetation survival rate of the ground fissure treatment area reached 85%. This integrated treatment technology could effectively control ground fissures and surface sinkhole as well as protect the environment.
Artykuł jest opisem zapobiegania pęknięciom gruntu w celu ochrony środowiska, jak również naukowego podejścia do wydobywania płytko zalegających pokładów węgla. W południowo-zachodniej części górniczej Chin tradycyjna, ścianowa metoda wydobywania węgla, powodowała duży obszar powierzchniowego zapadliska, pęknięcia gruntu, pogorszenie stanu wegetacji roślin. W celu rozwiązania tych problemów zaproponowano zintegrowaną technologię zapobiegania, która obejmuje technologię zapobiegania pęknięciom gruntu i podziemną technologię podsadzki. Zasada i proces techniczny zostały szczegółowo opisane; technologia zapobiegania pęknięciom gruntu obejmuje „trójstopniową metodę zabiegu”, a technologia podsadzki zaadoptowała metodę wydobywania węgla pasami. Badano ściśliwość podsadzki, w tym odpadów węglowych, popiołu lotnego i zwykłego cementu portlandzkiego; wybrano mieszaninę o stosunku 1: 0,3: 0,18. Ponadto pionowe naprężenie, pionowe przemieszczenie i strefa plastyczności filaru węglowego zostały określone za pomocą symulacji numerycznej FLAC 3D. Racjonalny schemat wydobycia „szerokość wydobycia 11 m, szerokość filaru węglowego 2 m” był odpowiedni ze względu na niższą wartość naprężenia pionowego, mniejsze pionowe przemieszczenie i lepszą nośność filaru węglowego. Wyniki monitoringu pęknięć gruntu wskazują, że maksymalna deformacja gruntu wynosiła 17,3 cm i wykazała kilka zmian po wdrożeniu tej technologii. Ilość zagospodarowanych odpadów węglowych i popiołu lotnego wynosiła 821 150 Mg na rok, a wskaźnik przeżycia roślinności w obszarze zapobiegania pęknięciom gruntu osiągnął poziom 85%. Ta zintegrowana technologia zapobiegania może skutecznie kontrolować pęknięcia gruntu i deformację powierzchni, a także chronić środowisko.
Źródło:
Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi; 2018, 34, 1; 119-138
0860-0953
Pojawia się w:
Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Depth-resolved measurement of the compression displacement fields on the front and rear surfaces of an epoxy sample
Autorzy:
Zhang, W.
Dong, B.
He, Z.
Xie, S.
Zhou, Y.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/174399.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
depth-resolved measurement
compression displacement field
wavenumber-scanning interferometry
epoxy
Opis:
Compression is one of the typical parameters measured in material mechanics. In this research, the compression displacement fields on the front and rear surfaces of an epoxy sample are measured by using a tilt depth-resolved wavenumber-scanning Michelson interferometer. The light source is a distributed feedback laser diode, the wavenumber of which can be modulated to about 1.017 × 104 m–1 by the temperature without mode hopping. A random-sampling Fourier transform is designed to evaluate the phase differences before and after the applied loads. Experimental results show that the depth-resolved measurement of the compression displacement field is of high accuracy. It can be used to analyze force propagation inside resin-based composites.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2018, 48, 2; 311-323
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Different Ignition Responses of Powdery and Bulky 1,3,5-Triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) Based Polymer-bonded Explosives under Ultra-high Voltage Electrostatic Discharge
Autorzy:
Lyu, Z.
Long, X.
Li, Z.
Dai, X.
Deng, C.
He, S.
Li, M.
Yao, K.
Wen, Y.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358240.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
electrostatic spark sensitivity
ultra-high voltage electrostatic discharge
thermal effect
electric field effect
Opis:
The electric spark induced ignition mechanism for explosives needs further study. The ignition of powdery and bulky TATB by electrostatic discharge (ESD) was investigated. Up to 200 kV ultra-high voltage ESD was applied to powdery and bulky explosives of two TATB-based polymer-bonded explosives (named PBX-1 and PBX-2). The results showed that the spark sensitivities of powdery and bulky explosives are extremely different for the same formulation. The 50% ignition voltages of powdery PBX-1 and PBX-2 were 10.8 kV and 8.5 kV, respectively, while the values for the bulky samples (tablets) were not less than 200 kV. Both heat and the electric field can be transmitted into the powdery samples, on the other hand only the electric field can be transmitted into the bulk samples. The electric field has a smaller contribution while the heat has a larger contribution to the ignition during an ESD, i.e., the thermal effect plays a main role in the ignition process. Our experimental results are in good agreement with recent results calculated by density functional theory.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2018, 15, 2; 283-298
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mass transfer process of leaching weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore with magnesium salts
Autorzy:
Chen, Z.
Zhang, Z.
He, Z.
Chi, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/110343.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
mass transfer
magnesium salts
theory plate
weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore
Opis:
In order to optimize the leaching process of weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore with magnesium salts, the influence of different flow rate, concentration of magnesium ions, initial pH of magnesium salts solution and experimental temperature on the mass transfer process of rare earth and aluminum was investigated in the case of using magnesium salts as leaching agent. The relationship between the flow rate μ and the HETP (Height Equivalent of Theoretical Plate) is in accordance with the Van Deemter equation when magnesium salts were used as leaching agent. The optimum condition for rare earth and aluminum were 0.4 cm3/min of flow rate and 0.2 mol/dm3 of magnesium ion concentration of magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride and magnesium nitrate respectively. Under this condition the mass transfer efficiency of rare earth and aluminum with three kinds of magnesium salts follow the order of Mg(NO3)2>Mg(Cl)2>MgSO4. High temperature contributes to improving the mass transfer efficiency of rare earth and aluminum. Magnesium nitrate as the leaching agent can get the highest leaching mass transfer efficiency of rare earth and magnesium sulfate as the leaching agent can make the impurity leaching and mass transfer efficiency of Al is the lowest.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2018, 54, 3; 1004-1013
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mechanisms for the improved flotation of inherently hydrophobic graphite in electrolyte solution
Autorzy:
Lai, Q.
Liao, Y.
Liu, Z.
He, Y.
Zhao, Y.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/110761.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
flotation
graphite
low-grade
electrolyte
Opis:
It is well documented that unavoidable ions in a pulp such as Mg2+, Ca2+, and K+ have a significant effect on the interaction for particles, especially for flotation of metallic sulfide minerals and clay minerals. In this study, the effect of electrolytes on the flotation of inherently hydrophobic mineral-graphite was studied. It was found that the zeta potential showed a dramatic decrease, and the reagent adsorption capacity of mineral enhanced in the present of electrolytes. The possible mechanism responsible for improved recovery was investigated by electrokinetic, surface tension and ions adsorption tests. It is likely that the hydrophobic force is stronger than the electrostatic force due to the reduced potential of graphite. This might be in favor of the formation of hydrophobic oil film leading to an increase in the graphite floatability. The experiments provided a new spectacle to study inherently hydrophobic mineral processing with electrolyte solution.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2018, 54, 3; 944-954
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The effect of polyacrylic acid on the surface properties of calcite and fluorite aiming at their selective flotation
Autorzy:
Zhang, C.
Gao, Z.
Hu, Y.
Sun, W.
Tang, H.
Yin, Z.
He, J.
Guan, Q.
Zhu, Y.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/110577.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
calcite
fluorite
selective flotation
polyacrylic acid
Opis:
In this study, the polyacrylic acid (PAA) was studied as a selective depressant for calcite in the selective flotation of fluorite and calcite, and the implications of this process for the separation of fluorite ore were studied using micro-flotation tests, and the results were analyzed with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses. The flotation tests indicated that the preferential adsorption of PAA onto calcite rather than sodium oleate (NaOl) could selectively depress the flotation of calcite, allowing its separation from fluorite at pH 7. The zeta potential of calcite became more negative with the addition of PAA rather than with NaOl. However, the characteristic features of PAA adsorption were not observed for fluorite, suggesting that NaOl preferentially adsorbed on the surface of fluorite, or that PAA could be replaced by NaOl on the fluorite surface. FT-IR and XPS analysis were utilized to obtain a better understanding of the mechanism by which PAA was more strongly adsorbed on the calcite surface than NaOl. This was revealed to occur through chemical bonding between the carboxyl group of PAA and the hydroxyl groups of the Ca species on the calcite surface, modifying the structure of the adsorbed layer. A possible adsorption mechanism, along with a postulated adsorption mode for the surface interaction between PAA and calcite, is proposed.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2018, 54, 3; 868-877
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of ship rolling motion on take-off aerodynamic characteristics of aircraft
Autorzy:
He, Z.
Sun, X.
Gu, X.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/259257.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
ship rolling motion
ski-jump take-off
Meshless method
WALE turbulence model
aerodynamic characteristics
Opis:
Ship motion is an important factor affecting on the safety of ski-jump take-off. The simplified frigate ship SFS1 was numerically simulated, and the results were compared with the experimental data, the feasibility of the calculation method was verified; Meshless method and WALE turbulence model were used to simulate the process of aircraft skijump take-off, aerodynamic characteristics under different rolling conditions during the aircraft ski-jump take-off process were presented. The results showed that: the influence of ship rolling motion on lift coefficient, drag coefficient and pitching moment was small, side force and rolling moment were greatly affected by rolling motion; the region of downwash with the maximum speed was about 10 m from the bow; the safety of ski-jump take-off was greatly affected when aircraft was close to the bow within 20 m.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2018, S 2; 23-29
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A known-plaintext attack on iterative random phase encoding in fractional Fourier domains
Autorzy:
Yin, F.
He, Q.
Liu, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/174043.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
image encryption
phase encoding
known-plaintext attack
Opis:
Known-plaintext attack is considered for decrypting the image generated by iterative random phase encoding in fractional Fourier transform domains. The double random phase encoding in Fourier domains is introduced to design the known-plaintext attack procedure. The decryption test is explored without both fractional order and these random phase masks. Some numerical simulations are made to demonstrate the validity of the known-plaintext attack.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2017, 47, 1; 131-139
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Enhancing SO2 removal efficiency by lime modified with sewage sludge in a novel integrated desulfurization process
Autorzy:
Qin, L.
Han, J.
Chen, W.
Liu, Z.
He, M.
Xing, F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/950037.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
sewage sludge
steel industry
sintering process
osad ściekowy
przemysł hutniczy
proces spiekania
Opis:
In China, the sintering process annually emitted around 1.5 million t SO2, representing 70% of SO2 produced from the iron and steel industry. Lime based sorbent was modified with municipal sewage sludge (MSS) and the influence of the modification on the desulfurization efficiency was investigated in a laboratory-scale novel integrated desulfurization (NID) reactor. The properties of modified sorbent were characterized by the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analyzer and X-ray fluorescence (XRD) analyzer. BET surface area was increased from 17.48 to 46.68 m2g–1. when the MSS/lime ratio increased from 0 to 0.08. Ca4Al8Si8O32, Ca1.5SiO3.5, Na2Si2O5 and CaSiO3 found in the modified lime benefited for the increase of the BET surface area and pore volume. The effects of sewage sludge/CaO weight ratio, calcination temperature and hydration time on the desulfurization efficiency were also studied. SO2 removal efficiency was increased from 88.7% to 97.3% after using the lime modified with sewage sludge.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2017, 43, 4; 17-27
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Flotation separation of wolframite from quartz using N-oleoyl sarcosine acid as collector
Autorzy:
Xian-Ping, L.
Feng, B.
Xianwen, Z.
Li-Yying, L.
Zheng-He, X.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/109444.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
flotation
N-oleoyl sarcosine acid
wolframite
quartz
Opis:
In this study the collecting power of N-oleoyl sarcosine acid towards wolframite and quartz was studied using flotation. The adsorption mechanism was also discussed based on the results from adsorption experiments, zeta potential measurements and infrared spectroscopy study. The flotation results showed that N-oleoyl sarcosine acid showed a good collecting power towards wolframite, and the optimal flotation pH = 7 was obtained. However, the collecting power of N-oleoyl sarcosine acid towards quartz was weak. Therefore, the flotation separation of wolframite from quartz can be performed using N-oleoyl sarcosine acid as a collector. The adsorption tests and electrokinetic studies showed that N-oleoyl sarcosine acid adsorbed only on the wolframite surface. Additionally, the results from the infrared spectroscopy study confirmed that N-oleoyl sarcosine acid is adsorbed on the wolframite surface, and the metal complex (ferriccarboxylate) maybe the major adsorbed species.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2017, 53, 1; 34-41
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigation of low-sidelobe beampattern controlling methods for acoustic transmitting array of underwater vehicles
Autorzy:
He, Z.
Shi, Q.
Wu, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/258624.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
underwater unmanned vehicles
detecting and positioning
acoustic transducer
complex array
low-sidelobe beamforming
Opis:
In underwater unmanned vehicles, complex acoustic transducer arrays are always used to transmitting sound waves to detect and position underwater targets. Two methods of obtaining low-sidelobe transmitting beampatterns for acoustic transmitting arrays of underwater vehicles are investigated. The first method is the boundary element model optimization method which used the boundary element theory together with the optimization method to calculate the driving voltage weighting vector of the array. The second method is the measured receiving array manifold vector optimization method which used the measured receiving array manifold vectors and optimization method to calculate the weighting vector. Both methods can take into account the baffle effect and mutual interactions among elements of complex acoustic arrays. Computer simulation together with experiments are carried out for typical complex arrays. The results agree well and show that the two methods are both able to obtain a lower sidelobe transmitting beampattern than the conventional beamforming method, and the source level for each transmitting beam is maximized in constraint of the maximum driving voltage of array elements being constant. The effect of the second method performs even better than that of the first method, which is more suitable for practical application. The methods are very useful for the improvement of detecting and positioning capability of underwater unmanned vehicles.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2017, S 2; 103-110
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mineralogical and chemical characteristics of the lead-zinc tailing and contaminated soil from the mine tailing pond in Hunan Province (China)
Autorzy:
Li, C.
Zeng, L.
Fu, J.
Chen, J.
He, J.
He, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/110442.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
mineralogical characteristics
chemical fractionation
remediation
Opis:
The mineralogical and chemical characteristics of heavy metals in tailings and soils is an imperative for potential ecological risk assessment of metals to environment and heavy metals pollution prevention and control. The lead-zinc tailing and contaminated soil in and near the tailing pond were sampeled from a mine tailing pond in Hunan province (China), in which the chemical composition, phase composition and thermal behavior of tailing and soil were investigated. Furthermore, the petrography of lead-zinc tailing and chemical fractionations of Pb and Zn in the contaminated soil were studied in details. The mineral phases of lead-zinc tailing were galena, pyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, quartz and fluorite, as distinguished by the reflected light microscopy and further proofed by the scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometer under the back scattered electron mode. Chemical fractionations were carried out by the European Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) sequential extraction procedure for Pb and Zn in the soil and the mild acido-soluble (F1), reducible (F2), oxidizable (F3), and residual (F4) fractions were 5.90, 75.24, 4.90 and 13.96% for Pb, and 47.74, 34.06, 9.59 and 8.61% for Zn, respectively. Subsequently, the individual contamination factor (ICF) of Pb and Zn were calculated as 6.16 and 10.61, respectively. The DTPA-available content of Pb and Zn in the contaminated soil were 39.9 and 170.7 mg·kg-1, respectively. The study provided a base for selecting remediation strategies in the studied area.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2017, 53, 2; 1133-1147
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Numerical Study of the Effect of Furrows on Biosonar Beamforming in Aselliscus Stoliczkanus Bat
Autorzy:
He, W.
Feng, J.
Gao, L.
Zhang, Z.
Lu, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/176802.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Aselliscus Stoliczkanus bat
furrows
frequency-selective characteristics
finite element method
beam pattern
Opis:
The Aselliscus Stoliczkanus bat, studied here, has intricately shaped structures surrounding the nostrils. These structures are hypothesised to have influence on animals’ acoustic radiation patterns. Using micro-tomography scanning technique, a 3D digital model of the noseleaf is reconstructed and biosonar beam pattern is analysed using a finite element method based on the 3D noseleaf model. The present research focuses on the conspicuous furrows in noseleaf, and our analysis allows to conclude the followings: a) structural details in noseleaf of Aselliscus Stoliczkanus bat can produce acoustic effects even if it is not adjacent to the nostrils, b) the furrows possess frequency-selective characteristics, c) the furrows have the function to manipulate the direction and width of the outgoing ultrasound wave.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2017, 42, 3; 395-399
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Response of energy-size reduction to the control of circulating load in vertical spindle pulverizer
Autorzy:
Li, H.
He, Y.
Zhang, Y.
Ge, Z.
Xie, W.
Wang, S.
Li, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/110803.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
circulating load control
response of energy-size reduction
mixture grinding
energy efficiency
Opis:
In the vertical spindle pulverizer (VSP), the large circulation ratio and high ash and sulfur contents in circulating load would result in intensive energy consumption and low grinding efficiency. Although the control of circulating load would help increase the energy efficiency, no quantitative study has been conducted due to the high temperature and pressure in the closed VSP. In this study, response of energy-size reduction to the control of circulating load was studied by the experimental simulation method. Coal mixtures with fine/coarse ratio of 11:1, 8:1 and 6:1 were ground by a lab-scale roller mill. Energy-size reductions of the coarse coal were compared to evaluate the influence of circulating load control. Results showed that the product with the coarse coal increased by 30% when the specific breakage energy was 1.0 kWht–1 as the circulation ratio decreased from 11 to 6. Meanwhile, a breakage characteristic index of the coarse coal was two times higher due to the cushioning effect of fines. Besides, decrease of circulation ratio led to increase of the breakage rate of coarse coal, and the energy saving improved by 57%. With the same energy input of 2.0 kWht-1, the yield of –0.09 mm pulverized fuel (PF) increased from 22 to 43%. Therefore, controlling the circulating load is an effective method to improve the breakage rate of coarse coal and energy efficiency for PF generation.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2017, 53, 2; 793-801
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Underwater Explosion Performance of RDX/AP-based Aluminized Explosives
Autorzy:
Xiang, D.
Rong, J.
He, X.
Feng, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358616.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
UNDEX
RDX/AP-based aluminized explosives
detonation
shock wave
Al/O ratio
Opis:
To understand the underwater explosion (UNDEX) performance of RDX/AP-based aluminized explosives, six formulations of the explosives were prepared, with Al content varying from 30% to 55% and ammonium perchlorate (AP) content from 45% to 20%. A series of UNDEX tests that used a 1 kg cylindrical charge was conducted underwater at a depth of 4.7 m. The pressure histories of the shock wave produced at different positions and the bubble periods were measured. The coefficients of the similarity law equation for the shock wave parameters were fitted with experimental data. The effect of the aluminum/oxygen (Al/O) ratio on the performance of the energy output structure for RDX/AP-based aluminized explosives is discussed. The bubble motion during UNDEX was simulated using MSC.DYTRAN software, and the radius-time curves of the bubbles were determined. The results show that AP influences the detonation reaction mechanism of RDX/AP-based aluminized explosives, which causes different UNDEX performances. The bubble energy of the RDX/AP-based aluminized explosive was higher than that of RDX-based and HMX-based aluminized explosives.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2017, 14, 1; 60-76
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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