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    Tytuł:
    Vickers and Knoop Indentation Microhardness Study of β-SiAlON Ceramic
    Autorzy:
    Güder, H.
    Şahin, E.
    Şahin, O.
    Göçmez, H.
    Duran, C.
    Ali Çetinkara, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1492772.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011-12
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    62.20.-x
    62.20.Qp
    62.20.de
    Opis:
    In this paper, analysis and interpretation of mechanical property measurements of β-SiAlON ceramic were reported. Indentation microhardness of β-SiAlON ceramic was measured using the Knoop and Vickers indenters. The analysis of the Vickers indentation microhardness data reveals the reverse indentation size effect that is the apparent microhardness increases with increasing applied indentation test load. However, the Knoop indentation microhardness data exhibit indentation size effect that is the apparent microhardness increases with decreasing applied test load. The experimental Knoop microhardness data was analyzed using Meyer's law, elastic-plastic deformation model, proportional specimen resistance model, and Hays-Kendall's model. As a result, modified proportional specimen resistance model is found to be the most effective one for the load-independent $(H_{LI})$ microhardness determination of the SiAlON ceramic. It was seen that different models used to analyze the data obtained from the Vickers indentation do not give the same intrinsic hardness value. We also present the calculation of the Young modulus, E, of the β-SiAlON ceramic.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2011, 120, 6; 1026-1033
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The isotherm and kinetic studies of the biosorption of heavy metals by non-living cells of Chlorella vulgaris
    Autorzy:
    Ali, Mohamed H.
    Hussian, Abd-Ellatif M.
    Abdel-Satar, Amaal M.
    Goher, Mohamed E.
    Napiórkowska-Krzebietke, Agnieszka
    El-Monem, Ahmed M. Abd
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/962750.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
    Opis:
    In general, the biosorption of heavy metals by various types of non-living organisms appears to be a very effective, low-cost and innovative method for their removal from aquatic environments. The aim of this study was to determine the applicability of adsorption isotherms and kinetic models during the biosorbent activity of non-living Chlorella to the removal of Cd, Cu and Pb. Dead cells of Chlorella vulgaris were used to remove these heavy metals from aqueous solution in experimental conditions, i.e. under various condition of pH, biosorbent dosage and contact time. Afterwards, the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models and the sorption kinetic (pseudo-first and pseudo-second order models, and intraparticle diffusion) were applied to the experimental data to check the effectiveness of the removal process. The removal of heavy metals on C. vulgaris following the order of Pb+2 > Cu+2 > Cd+2 was confirmed by the maximum biosorption capacities (qmax), the Langmuir constant (b), separation factor (RL) and Freundlich intensity parameter (1/n) values. The equilibrium data were well fitted with the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order model and it suggested that such kinetics is the most effective. The present results confirmed highly efficient biosorbent activity of C. vulgaris in the removal of heavy metals, especially Cd, Cu and Pb, from aqueous solution. The environmentally friendly origin indicates that non-living cells of C. vulgaris could find many broad-scale, cost-effective and alternative applications.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Elementology; 2016, 21, 4
    1644-2296
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Elementology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Response of different basil varieties to soil salinity
    Autorzy:
    Said-Al Ahl, H.A.H.
    Meawad, A.A.
    Abou-Zeid, E.N.
    Ali, M.S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24582.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    pot experiment
    basil
    Ocimum basilicum var.odoratus
    Ocimum basilicum var.alba
    Ocimum basilicum var.thyrsiflorum
    Ocimum basilicum var.purpurascens
    soil salinity
    essential oil
    eugenol
    linalool
    Źródło:
    International Agrophysics; 2010, 24, 2; 183-188
    0236-8722
    Pojawia się w:
    International Agrophysics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    On bi-criteria two-stage transportation problem: a case study
    O dwukryterialnym, dwuetapowym problemie transportowym: studium przypadku
    Autorzy:
    Murad, A.
    Al-Ali, A.
    Ellaimony, E.
    Abdelwali, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/374839.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
    Tematy:
    problem transportowy dwuetapowy
    problem transportowy dwukryterialny
    two stage transportation problem
    bi-criteria transportation problem
    Opis:
    The study of the optimum distribution of goods between sources and destinations is one of the important topics in projects economics. This importance comes as a result of minimizing the transportation cost, deterioration, time, etc. The classical transportation problem constitutes one of the major areas of application for linear programming. The aim of this problem is to obtain the optimum distribution of goods from different sources to different destinations which minimizes the total transportation cost. From the practical point of view, the transportation problems may differ from the classical form. It may contain one or more objective function, one or more stage to transport, one or more type of commodity with one or more means of transport. The aim of this paper is to construct an optimization model for transportation problem for one of mill-stones companies. The model is formulated as a bi-criteria two-stage transportation problem with a special structure depending on the capacities of suppliers, warehouses and requirements of the destinations. A solution algorithm is introduced to solve this class of bi-criteria two-stage transportation problem to obtain the set of non-dominated extreme points and the efficient solutions accompanied with each one that enables the decision maker to choose the best one. The solution algorithm mainly based on the fruitful application of the methods for treating transportation problems, theory of duality of linear programming and the methods of solving bi-criteria linear programming problems.
    Analiza optymalnej dystrybucji towarów pomiędzy punktem początkowym a końcowym jest jednym z ważnych zagadnień w ekonomice projektów. Ma to znaczenie jako wynik minimalizacji kosztów transportu, rozkładu przewozów, czasu, etc. Klasyczny problem transportowy stanowi jedno z głównych zagadnień programowania liniowego. Rozwiązaniem tego problemu jest uzyskanie optymalnej dystrybucji towarów z różnych źródeł do różnych punktów przeznaczenia, co minimalizuje całkowity koszt transportu. Z praktycznego punktu widzenia problemy transportowe mogą się różnić od problemów w formie klasycznej. Mogą one zawierać jedną lub więcej funkcji celu, jedną lub więcej tras, jeden lub więcej rodzajów towarów przewożonych za pomocą jednego lub więcej środków transportu. Celem artykułu jest stworzenie modelu optymalizacyjnego, który rozwiązuje problem transportowy dla jednej z firm przewozowych, specjalizującej się w przewozie kruszyw. Model jest sformułowany jako dwukryterialny, dwuetapowy problem transportowy w celu pozyskania zbioru ekstremów lokalnych oraz skutecznych rozwiązań związanych z takimi, które pozwalają osobie podejmującej decyzję wybrać te najodpowiedniejsze. Algorytm rozwiązania bazuje głównie na efektywnej aplikacji metod rozwiązywania problemów transportowych, teorii dualizmu programowania liniowego oraz metodach poszukiwania rozwiązań dwukryterialnych problemów programowania liniowego.
    Źródło:
    Transport Problems; 2010, 5, 3; 103-114
    1896-0596
    2300-861X
    Pojawia się w:
    Transport Problems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Mechanical Properties of Nanocrystalline Tetragonal Zirconia Stabilized with CaO, MgO and $Y_2O_3$
    Autorzy:
    Sahin, O.
    Demirkol, İ.
    Göcmez, H.
    Tuncer, M.
    Ali Cetinkara, H.
    Salih Güder, H.
    Sahin, E.
    Rıza Tuncdemir, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1399801.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013-02
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    62.20.-x
    62.20.F-
    Opis:
    The citrate gel method, similar to the polymerized complex method, was used to synthesize homogeneous tetragonal zirconia at 1000°C. Nanocrystalline tetragonal phase has been fully stabilized at wide temperature range with 10 mol.% CaO, MgO, and $Y_2O_3$ addition. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and microhardness tests are used to characterize synthesized materials. The grain size and dislocation density were calculated from X-ray diffraction data. The examined material exhibits indentation size effect behavior. Results revealed that the Vickers and Knoop microhardness are dependent on indentation test load. Geometrically necessary dislocation model and modified proportional resistance model are used to analyze the load dependence of the microhardness. The highest hardness values were obtained for the samples with CaO addition; however the lowest values were acquired for sample stabilized with $Y_2O_3$ by using both Knoop and Vickers techniques. This situation might be explained using the Hall-Petch relation.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2013, 123, 2; 296-298
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Hardness Behavior of Alumina-Zirconia Nanocomposites Synthesized by Gel Process
    Autorzy:
    Sahin, O.
    Hasde, A.
    Göcmez, H.
    Tuncer, M.
    Ali Cetinkara, H.
    Salih Güder, H.
    Sahin, E.
    Rıza Tuncdemir, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1399803.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013-02
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    62.20.-x
    62.20.F-
    Opis:
    The alumina-zirconia composites are one of the relatively good and promising candidates for biomaterials application, due to biocompatibility and their mechanical properties that combines high flexural strength with a high toughness. The aim of the present work is to analyze the mechanical properties of these composites, where zirconia content was varied from 5 to 50 wt%. The citrate gel method, similar to the polymerized complex method, was used to synthesize these ceramics. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and microhardness tests are used to characterize synthesized materials. The examined material exhibits the behaviour of indentation size effect. Modified proportional resistance model are used to analyze the load dependence of the microhardness. X-ray diffraction analysis was used to calculation of the grain size and dislocation density. It is found that hardness is decreased when the zirconia content increases with enlargement of grain size.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2013, 123, 2; 299-301
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ethnobotanical knowledge and folk medicinal significance of the flora of district Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan
    Autorzy:
    Ali, S.S.
    Hussain, K.
    Nawaz, K.
    Bhatti, K.H.
    Bashir, Z.
    Nazeer, A.
    Arif, U.
    Jafar, S.
    Siddiqi, E.H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2049056.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Włókien Naturalnych i Roślin Zielarskich
    Tematy:
    District Gujrat
    medicine
    ethnomedicinal flora
    survey
    native people
    prowincja Gujrat
    lek
    rośliny lecznicze używane w medycynie ludowej
    rdzenni mieszkańcy
    badanie ankietowe
    Opis:
    Introduction: Medicinal plants are the natural source of medicines used in treatment of many diseases among local communities of various countries. It is also the raw material for the pharmaceutical industry. Pakistan is a country with a variety of medicinal plants, comprehensively studied in some areas, while others still need more studies of their flora. Objectives: The study was performed to catalogue the flora of district Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan and to assess its ethnomedicinal importance. Methods: A field survey was conducted in the Gujrat district (including Sarai Alamgir, Gujrat and Kharian) in 2019–2020 to collect the flora. Nearly 200 people of various age groups were interviewed and the questionnaire was filled, the gender and professions of the participants were also noted. Results: The plant species collected belonged to 32 different Angiosperm families i.e. Poaceae, Brassicaceae, Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Moraceae, Amaranthaceae, Apiaceae, Myrtaceae, Rutaceae, Solanaceae, Malvaceae, Euphorbiaceae and Lamiaceae. The obtained material consisted of 30 herbs, 20 shrubs and 22 trees. The floral parts used most often were leaves (63%) followed by: flower (41%), fruit (28%), stem (16%), seed (16%), bark (14%), root (13%), whole plant (12%), underground part (3%) and latex (3%). According to the study, the highest RFC (Relative Frequency of Citation) values were 0.1 in Cassia fistula L. (0.25) and the smallest RFC values were observed in Stellaria media (L.) Vill. – 0.025. The highest UV (Use Values) were noted for Achyranthes aspera L. at 0.9. In disease category, the highest value (0.67) of ICF (Informant Consensus Factor) was observed for stomach and skin infections, while the lowest ICF value was noted for diabetes and gonorrhoea (0.27). Conclusions: It was concluded that the Gujrat district is rich in useful plants that can be used in the preparation of various medicines as well as be sold on the herbal market.
    Źródło:
    Herba Polonica; 2020, 66, 1; 37-51
    0018-0599
    Pojawia się w:
    Herba Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Biosorption of some toxic metals from aqueous solution using non-living algal cells of Chlorella vulgaris
    Autorzy:
    Goher, M.E.
    Abd El-Monem, A.M.
    Abdel-Satar, A.M.
    Ali, M.H.
    Hussian, A.-E.M.
    Napiorkowska-Krzebietke, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/13619.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
    Opis:
    Dead cells of Chlorella vulgaris were used experimentally to remove cadmium (Cd2+), copper (Cu2+) and lead (Pb2+) ions from aqueous solution under various conditions of pH, biosorbent dosage and contact time. C. vulgaris was isolated from Lake Manzala, (Egypt) and then cultivated outdoors, in growth media, maintaining pH of nearly 7.5. After cultivation, the cells were harvested by coagulation and prepared to make an experiment with different variants of pH, contact time and adsorbent dose. The adsorption specific characteristics of C. vulgaris were examined using Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy (FTR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The FTIR and SEM data showed vibration frequency changes for the peaks corresponding to the surface functional groups and morphological changes of C. vulgaris, respectively, after its exposure to metal ion solution. The maximum removal efficiency for copper and lead at ambient room temperature was recorded at pH 5 and 20-minute contact time, while the contact time of 120 minutes at pH 6 created the most suitable conditions for cadmium biosorption. On the other hand, 2 g dm-3 of C. vulgaris under optimum conditions was sufficient to remove 95.5%, 97.7% and 99.4% of Cd2+, Cu2+ and Pb2+, respectively, from a mixed solution of 50 mg dm-3 of each metal ion. The removal trend was in order of Pb2+ > Cu2+ > Cd2+. The results suggested that the biomass of C. vulgaris is an extremely efficient and environmentally friendly biosorbent for the removal of Cd2+, Cu2+ and Pb2 from aqueous solutions, which may be applied on a large, industrial scale.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Elementology; 2016, 21, 3
    1644-2296
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Elementology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Biodiversity of zoosporic fungi in polluted water drainages across Niles Delta region, Lower Egypt
    Autorzy:
    Ali, E.H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/67773.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
    Tematy:
    biodiversity
    zoosporic fungi
    fungi
    polluted water
    water pollution
    drainage
    Nile River
    Lower Egypt
    Egypt
    Nile Delta
    Opis:
    Thirty-four identified in addition to five unidentified species appertaining to ten genera of zoosporic fungi were identified and isolated from eighty four polluted water samples, which were randomly collected from different polluted sites of the water drainages along the Niles Delta in Lower Egypt. Baiting sesame seeds culture technique was employed at 20±2°C for the recovery of zoosporic fungi. The genera; Pythium and Saprolegnia (8 and 7 zoosporic fungal species, respectively) showed the broadest spectra of species diversity whereas Aqualinderella was only represented by one species (A. fermentans). Saprolegnia delica and Dictyuchus carpophorus(the greatest fungal populations) were the most dominant isolated zoosporic fungal species where they were highly occurred especially at the hyperpolluted waters with the heavy metals. These two species could be considered as indicators for the response of the structure and function of microbial communities for water pollution. Several zoosporic fungal species were rarely encountered. Both Aqualinderella fermentansand Pythium rostratumwere recovered in moderate frequency of occurrence. Water samples which had high concentrations in heavy metals were the poorest in the species diversity of zoosporic fungi. Despite that, fungal species belonging to the family Saprolegniaceaeflourished in hyper polluted water samples whilst those belonging to the family Pythiaceae predominated in more diluted water samples. Also, the prevalent species; S. delica andD. carpophoruswere not affected by heavy metals concentrations being as indicators for water pollution with the heavy metals. pH values of the polluted water samples had no influence on the occurrence of zoosporic fungi. Water samples characterized by high organic matter content and low total soluble salts were the richest in zoosporic fungal species.
    Źródło:
    Acta Mycologica; 2007, 42, 1
    0001-625X
    2353-074X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Mycologica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Antifungal activity of sodium chloride on Saprolegnia diclina and Aphanomyces sp.
    Autorzy:
    Ali, E H
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/67745.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
    Tematy:
    antifungal activity
    sodium chloride
    Saprolegnia diclina
    Aphanomyces
    zoosporic fungi
    fungi
    salinity
    morphogenesis
    biochemical activity
    sporulation
    Opis:
    Sixteen identified and three unidentified species belonging to six genera of zoosporic fungi were isolated from forty water samples which were collected from different fish and fish hatcheries farms at Abbassa city, Sharkiya governorate, Egypt, using sesame seeds baiting technique at 20±2°C. Saprolegnia and Achlya contributed the broadest spectra of species diversity amongst the other genera of zoosporic fungi. Saprolegnia diclina and Aphanomyces sp. were the most prevalent species of zoosporic fungi. The abundance of zoosporic fungal species in these aquacultures was correlated with some physicochemical characteristics of the water samples. The two dominant species of zoosporic fungi were tested for their tolerance of NaCl solution and its impact on some morphological and metabolic activities of these fungi. Saprolegnia diclina tolerated concentrations of NaCl solution till 12000 μg/ml whereas the maximum resistance of Aphanomyces sp. was 8000 μg/ml. The examined morphological aspects of the two studied fungal species, which included the colony diameters, the vegetative hyphae, zoosporogenesis, zoospores discharge, sexual reproductive structures and gemmae formation, were generally affected depending upon the tested fungal species and the applied dose of NaCl solution. The low treatments of NaCl solution were significantly stimulative compared with the control for protease production by S. diclina but higher doses were significantly suppressive. A significant decline in protease activity at all applications was found when Aphanomyces sp. was treated with NaCl solution. The total free amino acids and total protein content of S. diclina and Aphanomyces sp. mycelia were almost significantly increased relative to untreated controls at the low dose of NaCl solution and they were significantly dropped at the higher concentrations by the two zoosporic fungi.
    Źródło:
    Acta Mycologica; 2009, 44, 1; 125-138
    0001-625X
    2353-074X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Mycologica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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