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Tytuł:
Optical measurement of aircraft engine turbine blades
Autorzy:
Budzik, G.
Kubiak, K.
Rokicki, P.
Dziubek, T.
Nowotnik, A.
Matysiak, H.
Cygan, R.
Tutak, M.
Boś, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247470.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
aircraft engines turbine blades
optical measurements
coordinate measuring technique
Opis:
Manufacturing of aircraft engine turbine blades requires control of blade geometric parameters at different stages of technological process. Acceleration and automation of measurement process can affect the duration of the finished item production. Modern technologies for measurement of aircraft engine turbine blades are based on numerical machines - measurement process is based on processing of numerical data obtained by measurement using coordinate measuring machines. The paper presents the opportunity of automation of aircraft engine turbine blades measurements using scanner ATOS II Triple Scan with blue light source technology. Coordinate measuring technique allows to specify full methodology for designation of complex dimensions of physical objects and transform them into a computer program space of coordinate measuring devices. Presented paper includes capabilities of device used in the study to improve the measurement process in the technological and economical aspects. Another issue described in the paper is impact of measurement performance in automatic mode on the quality of performance – the numerical model of surface, from the standpoint of accuracy and number of collected data points in time. The paper includes an analysis of conditions related to the measurement works, such as the process of preparing the model, measurement equipment and data processing capacity. As the result methodology for automated scanning measurements of aircraft engine turbine blades will be presented.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 2; 21-26
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Computer-aided method of diagnostics of gas turbine blades
Autorzy:
Bogdan, M.
Błachnio, J.
Derlatka, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/387035.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Politechnika Białostocka. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Białostockiej
Tematy:
diagnostyka
komputerowe wspomganie diagnozowania
komputerowe wspomaganie diagnozowania
diagnostic
computer diagnosis
Opis:
The article presents a computer-aided method of diagnostics of gas turbine blades with use of artificial neural networks. The subject of presentation is the developed neural network, with help of which – on the basis of features of blade surface images – realised is determination of their condition (operable element – inoperable element). Basing on conclusions formulated on the basis of microstructure examinations and concerning evaluation of state of overheating (blades suitable and not suitable for further operation), as patterns assumed were surface images representing blades in various states (neural pattern classification). Additionally, combining and segregating (according to their applicability for the network teaching process) image parameters, acquired from histograms as well as from matrix of events, automated and increased was the credibility (computer aiding) of decision process. The application of artificial neural network enables better representation of complex relations between blade image and its condition, than in the case of subjective methods used currently by diagnosticians.
Źródło:
Acta Mechanica et Automatica; 2009, 3, 4; 13-16
1898-4088
2300-5319
Pojawia się w:
Acta Mechanica et Automatica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dendritic Structure Analysis of CMSX-4 Cored Turbine Blades Roots
Autorzy:
Krawczyk, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/355017.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
single-crystalline turbine blades
nickel-base superalloy
dendritic structure
x-ray topography
SEM
Opis:
The microstructure of as-cast cored turbine blades roots, made of the single-crystal CMSX-4 nickel-based superalloy was investigated. Analysed blades were obtained by directional solidification technique in the industrial ALD Bridgman induction furnace. The investigations of the microstructure of blades roots were performed using SEM and X-ray techniques including diffraction topography with the use of Auleytner method. Characteristic shapes of dendrites with various arrangement were observed on the SEM images taken from the cross-sections, made transversely to the main blades axis. The differences in quality of the structure in particular areas of blades roots were revealed. Based on the results, the influence of cooling bores on blades root structure was analysed and the changes in the distribution and geometry of cooling bores were proposed.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2016, 61, 2B; 1129-1134
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
CFD simulation on wind turbine blades with leading edge erosion
Autorzy:
Wang, Yan
Wang, Liang
Duan, Chenglin
Zheng, Jian
Liu, Zhe
Ma, Gaosheng
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2055055.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Mechaniki Teoretycznej i Stosowanej
Tematy:
wind turbine
leading edge erosion
flow field structure
aerodynamic performance
Opis:
Deep understanding on the impacts of leading edge erosion on the performance and flow characteristics of wind turbines is significant for the blade design and wind farms manage- ment. Pitting erosion and three levels of delamination are considered in the present study. The results show that the degrees of leading edge erosion have great influence on the flow separation, tangential force coefficient, normal force coefficient as well as the power output of the wind turbine. Leading edge erosion has the greatest impact on aerodynamics of the wind turbine at 15m/s, where the maximum loss in the power output can reach up to 73.26%.
Źródło:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics; 2021, 59, 4; 579--593
1429-2955
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of applicability of thermography to assess health of gas turbine blades
Autorzy:
Kułaszka, A.
Błachnio, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246976.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
engines
aircraft engineering
mechanical engineering
Opis:
A gas turbine is one of the most heavily loaded, both mechanically and thermally, structural components of an aircraft turbine engine. Hence, the most common reasons for failure are overheating and thermal fatigue of the blade material. It is of great significance for the safety of aeronautical systems that service is monitored; this is carried out to verify the health of these items using all available diagnostic methods. The primary aim is to detect and identify, as early as possible, any probable hazards to the engine. The preliminary assessment of the gas turbine blades condition is carried out via a visual inspection e.g. using a video borescope. During any repair, the preliminary assessment is conducted with a visual method, which is followed with some other non-destructive inspection techniques, e.g. flaw detection, intended to provide full colour images. The essential assessment of the blade condition consists in metallographic examination which precludes further operational use of the item. Probable errors in this assessment usually result in considerable cost of unnecessary repairs of the entire engine. Presented in the paper is the pulse thermography technique being a new NDT method, which is capable of diagnosing changes in the blade condition and to detect early stages of damages to turbine blades. Results of inspections of the blades subjected to high temperature and corresponding changes in signals of thermal response of the blade material stimulated with a heat pulse have also been given. Effects of the testing work have been used to detect changes, against temperature, in thermophysical properties of super alloy used in gas turbine blades. The results have been successfully verified using metallographic examination. To conclude: the thermographic method provides good reliability of the assessment of changes in the microstructure of the blade.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 2; 237-244
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of the wire electrical discharge machinability of roots of steam turbine blades
Autorzy:
Poroś, D.
Zaborski, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/99583.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Wrocławska Rada Federacji Stowarzyszeń Naukowo-Technicznych
Tematy:
turbine blades
heat treatment
WEDM
Opis:
This paper presents method for the unconventional machining of the blades of steam turbines. Blade material as steel X12Cr13 was chosen into the investigation. Blade failures in gas turbine engines often lead to loss of all downstream stages and can have a dramatic effect on the availability of the turbine engines.. Conventional machining of the roots of steam turbine blades causes high temperature and rapid wear of tool which makes machining expensive WEDM is currently regarded among the most popular non-conventional machining. WEDM allows treatment of hard, brittle materials and composite, irrespective of their structure (thin-wall components) and mechanical properties. Submitted work is an analysis of potential impact on the received thickness of heat affected zone by appropriate heat treatment of material prior to WEDM. Such action is intended to eliminate or reduce the initiating impact of any microcracks on the formation of surface defects on the turbine blades roots during operation. The aim of the article is to replace the traditional methods of machining the blades roots by WEDM and thus the elimination of problems such as the need to monitor the tool wear. The presented experimental study was carried out on a modern wire EDM Sodick AQ327L. Investigated were the effects of WEDM of X12Cr13 steel as the Heat Affected Zone, the micro-fractures and surface roughness parameters.
Źródło:
Journal of Machine Engineering; 2010, 10, 1; 70-77
1895-7595
2391-8071
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Machine Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The computer - aided analysis of images to assess condition of gas turbine blades
Autorzy:
Pawlak, W.
Błachnio, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243376.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
gas turbine
blades
discoloration
deterioration of microstructure
Opis:
In order to guarantee reliable and safe operation of avionic turbo engine their components and subassemblies are subjected to regular inspections and maintenance. The most frequent reasons for failures of the engines include overheating of materials, thermal fatigue of blades and vanes in the jet subassembly as well as the gas turbine rotor. Failures of that type lead to faulty operation of the engine and sometimes to accidents with disastrous consequences. The decision to have the engine repaired is taken by maintenance personnel that chiefly employ the method of visual inspection with use of a videoscope. However, such examination of turbine components is burdened by a subjective approach. To improve reliability and trustworthiness of the examinations results it is necessary to enable objective and unbiased evaluation of examination results. This paper outlines a non-destructive method that is suitable for evaluation of condition demonstrated by gas turbine blades and is based on digital processing of images acquired from the blade surface in visible light. To enable high clearness of these images the particular attention is paid to the problem of how to provide optimum conditions for investigations and mitigate geometrical distortions of images acquired from maintenance operations. The paper demonstrates that there are relationships between operation lifetime of blades and discoloration of their surfaces due to overheating of the blade material. These relationships are revealed by digital analysis of images acquired for the blade surfaces and expressed as statistical parameter of the first and second order. To improve unambiguity of the analysis results a low-pass filter was applied. It was demonstrated that these relationships are suitable for evaluation how much the status of the blade material microstructure is altered. Results from this study enable formulation of the conclusion that diagnostics of gas turbine blades through computer-aided analysis of images acquired from the blade surfaces may even be possible under field conditions with no downtime of the equipment under tests.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 3; 299-306
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pulsation signals analysis of turbocharger turbine blades based on optimal EEMD and TEO
Autorzy:
Wang, Fengli
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/259800.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
urbocharger turbine blades
pulsation signals analysis
ensemble empirical mode decomposition
Teager energy operator
correlation kurtosis
Opis:
Turbocharger turbine blades suffer from periodic vibration and flow induced excitation. The blade vibration signal is a typical non-stationary and sometimes nonlinear signal that is often encountered in turbomachinery research and development. An example of such signal is the pulsating pressure and strain signals measured during engine ramp to find the maximum resonance strain or during engine transient mode in applications. As the pulsation signals can come from different disturbance sources, detecting the weak useful signals under a noise background can be difficult. For this type of signals, a novel method based on optimal parameters of Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD) and Teager Energy Operator (TEO) is proposed. First, an optimization method was designed for adaptive determining appropriate EEMD parameters for the measured vibration signal, so that the significant feature components can be extracted from the pulsating signals. Then Correlation Kurtosis (CK) is employed to select the sensitive Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs). In the end, TEO algorithm is applied to the selected sensitive IMF to identify the characteristic frequencies. A case of measured sound signal and strain signal from a turbocharger turbine blade was studied to demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed method.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2019, 3; 78-86
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of technical condition assessment of gas turbine blades with non-destructive methods
Autorzy:
Błachnio, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/387534.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Politechnika Białostocka. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Białostockiej
Tematy:
turbina gazowa
łopata
diagnozowanie
warunki techniczne
gas turbine
blade
diagnosing
technical condition
Opis:
Structural components of gas turbines, particularly the blades, sustain a variety of damages during the operation process. The most frequent cause of these damages are the overheating and thermal fatigue of the material. A primary technique to assess condition of the blades is the metallographic examination. In spite of the fact that metallographic analysis delivers much more information on the structure of examined blade material, it is a type of destructive test resulting in the destruction of the blade which makes further utilization of the item impossible. The paper has been intended to discuss non-destructive testing methods and to present capabilities of applying them to diagnose objectively changes in the microstructure of a turbine blade with computer software engaged to assist with the analyses. The following techniques are discussed: a visual method, based on the processing of images of the material surface in visible light, active thermography, based on the detection of infrared radiation, and the X-ray computed tomography. All these are new non-destructive methods of assessing technical condition of structural components of machines. They have been intensively developed at research centers worldwide, and in Poland. The computer-aided visual method of analyzing images enables diagnosis of the condition of turbine blades, without the necessity of dismantling of the turbine. On the other hand, the active thermography and the X-ray computed tomography, although more sensitive and more reliable, can both be used with the blades dismounted from the turbine. If applied in a complex way, the non-destructive methods presented in this paper, are expected to increase significantly probability of detecting changes in the blade’s condition, which in turn would be advantageous to reliability and safety of gas turbine service.
Źródło:
Acta Mechanica et Automatica; 2013, 7, 4; 203-208
1898-4088
2300-5319
Pojawia się w:
Acta Mechanica et Automatica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application of Modified Cores for Grain Refinement in Castings of Aircraft Turbine Blades
Autorzy:
Binczyk, F.
Cwajna, J.
Gradoń, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/382651.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
innovative casting materials
innovative casting technologies
Nickel alloy IN-713C
surface modification
turbine blades
macrostructure
innowacyjne materiały odlewnicze
innowacyjne technologie odlewnicze
Stop niklu IN-713C
modyfikacja powierzchni
łopatki turbinowe
makrostruktura
Opis:
Paper presents the results of research on modified surface grain refinement method used in investment casting of hollow, thin-walled parts made of nickel based superalloys. In the current technology, the refining inoculant is applied to the surface of the wax pattern and then, it is transferred to the ceramic mould surface during dewaxing. Because of its chemical activity the inoculant may react with the liquid metal which can cause defects on the external surface of the cast part. The method proposed in the paper aims to reduce the risk of external surface defects by applying the grain refiner only to the ceramic core which shapes the internal surface of the hollow casting. In case of thin-walled parts the grain refinement effect is visible throughout the thickness of the walls. The method is meant to be used when internal surface finish is less important, like for example, aircraft engine turbine blades, where the hollowing of the cast is mainly used to lower the weight and aid in cooling during operation.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2017, 17, 3; 19-22
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dendrite growth in selector-root area of single crystal CMSX-4 turbine blades
Autorzy:
Bogdanowicz, W.
Tondos, A.
Krawczyk, J.
Albrecht, R.
Sieniawski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1058103.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-10
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
61.66.Dk
61.72.-y
61.10.Nz
Opis:
The single crystal turbine blades made of CMSX-4 nickel-based superalloy were studied. The turbine blades were obtained by the Bridgman technique with withdrawal rate of 5 mm/min. The samples, cut-off from root part of blades and containing the fragment of the selector, were studied. The effect of selector geometry on the dendrites growth and defects formation in the selector-root area of the blade were analyzed. The Laue diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction topography were applied. It was found that, during crystallization of the selector, the dendrite cores, after reaching the surface of mould, may bend, if the angle between dendrite cores and the mould surface was equal to 12°. When the angle was equal to 24° the growth of dendrites has been stopped. It can be stated that the defects, which appeared in the selector were inherited by the root part.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2016, 130, 4; 1107-1109
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Diagnozowanie stanu eksploatowanych łopatek turbiny gazowej
Diagnosing of condition of operating gas-turbine blades
Autorzy:
Błachnio, J.
Bogdan, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/328302.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Towarzystwo Diagnostyki Technicznej PAN
Tematy:
łopatka
turbina gazowa
superstop
matryca CCD
obraz cyfrowy
gas turbine blades
superalloys
CCD matrix
digital image
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono wybrane aspekty diagnostyki turbiny gazowej pod kątem oceny stanu łopatek pracujących w środowisku spalin. Zaprezentowano wyniki opracowywanej metody oceny stanu łopatek turbiny gazowej na podstawie przetwarzania i analizy obrazów ich powierzchni. Poruszono, także problematykę akwizycji obrazów za pomocą detektora światłoczułego - matrycy CCD w oparciu o fizyczne podstawy detekcji i rejestracji obrazów w zakresie widzialnym fali elektromagnetycznej. Za pomocą mikroskopu skaningowego, na zgładach metalograficznych, obserwowano mikrostrukturę superstopów (żarowytrzymałych i żaroodpornych). Dzięki czemu uzyskano dokładną informację dotyczącą zmian strukturalnych zarówno warstwy wierzchniej jaki i rdzenia łopatek powstałych w czasie eksploatacji. Na podstawie określonych związków i zależności pomiędzy zmianą barwy powierzchni łopatki turbiny gazowej, a zmianą mikrostruktury jej materiału, wskutek oddziaływania czynnika roboczego o wysokiej (nadkrytycznej) temperaturze możliwe będzie zwiększenie czułości i niezawodności diagnozowania stanu badanego obiektu technicznego. Ponadto przedstawiono metodę skanowania zarejestrowanych obrazów powierzchni łopatek eksploatowanych pod kątem określenia wielkości obszaru przegrzanego.
In this article presented are aspects chosen of diagnostics of gas turbine from the point of view of evaluation of condition of working blades, working in specified environment. Presented are results of the prepared method of the evaluation of turbine blade condition on the grounds of processing and analysis of images of their surface. In addition, raised is the problem of data acquisition with the use of photoelectric light sensor (matrix CCD) by showing the physical basis of detection and recording images in a visible range of electromagnetic wave. The microstructure of superalloys (high-temperaturecreep resisting and heat-resisting alloys) was tested on the special preparation of metallographic with the aid of scanning microscope. Thanks to these investigations, accurate information about microstructure changes of surface layer as well as core blade during operating process, was obtained. Change of colour of blade turbine surface and change of microstructure of its material, as a result of working factor such as high temperature (supercritical temperature) it would be possible to increase sensitivity and reliability of diagnostics of operational state of tested technical object. Moreover, the method of surface scanning of recorded images of turbine operational blades with a view to evaluation of overheated area was presented.
Źródło:
Diagnostyka; 2008, 1(45); 91-96
1641-6414
2449-5220
Pojawia się w:
Diagnostyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Capabilities to assess health/maintenance status of gas turbine blades with non-destructive methods
Autorzy:
Błachnio, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/259685.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
gas turbine
blade
diagnosing
technical condition
Opis:
The paper has been intended to discuss non-destructive testing methods and to present capabilities of applying them to diagnose objectively changes in the microstructure of a turbine blade with computer software engaged to assist with the analyses. The following techniques are discussed: a visual method, based on the processing of images of the material surface in visible light, active thermography, based on the detection of infrared radiation, and the X-ray computed tomography. All these are new non-destructive methods of assessing technical condition of structural components of machines. They have been intensively developed at research centers worldwide, and in Poland. The computer-aided visual method of analyzing images enables diagnosis of the condition of turbine blades, without the necessity of dismantling of the turbine. On the other hand, the active thermography and the X-ray computed tomography, although more sensitive and more reliable, can both be used with the blades dismounted from the turbine. If applied in a complex way, the non-destructive methods presented in this paper, are expected to increase significantly probability of detecting changes in the blade’s condition, which in turn would be advantageous to reliability and safety of gas turbine service.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2014, 4; 41-47
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Engineering design of low-head Kaplan hydraulic turbine blades using the inverse problem method
Autorzy:
Krzemianowski, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/200629.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
inverse method
hydraulic turbine blade design
low-head Kaplan turbine
curvilinear coordinate system
Christoffel symbols
Opis:
The paper concerns the engineering design of guide vane and runner blades of hydraulic turbines using the inverse problem on the basis of the definition of a velocity hodograph, which is based on Wu’s theory [1, 2]. The design concerns the low-head double-regulated axial Kaplan turbine model characterized by a very high specific speed. The three-dimensional surfaces of turbine blades are based on meridional geometry that is determined in advance and, additionally, the distribution of streamlines must also be defined. The principles of the method applied for the hydraulic turbine and related to its conservation equations are also presented. The conservation equations are written in a curvilinear coordinate system, which adjusts to streamlines by means of the Christoffel symbols. This leads to significant simplification of the computations and generates fast results of three-dimensional blade surfaces. Then, the solution can be found using the method of characteristics. To assess usefulness of the design and robustness of the method, numerical and experimental investigations in a wide range of operations were carried out. Afterwards, the so-called shell characteristics were determined by means of experiments, which allowed to evaluate the method for application to the low-head (1.5 m) Kaplan hydraulic turbine model with the kinematic specific speed (»260). The numerical and experimental results show the successful usage of the method and it can be concluded that it will be useful in designing other types of Kaplan and Francis turbine blades with different specific speeds.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2019, 67, 6; 1133-1147
0239-7528
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Database of expert diagnostic system in the field of turbine blades non-destructive testing
Autorzy:
Borowczyk, H.
Błachnio, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246981.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
gas turbine
blade
diagnostics
technical condition
expert system
database
Opis:
The article presents selected problems in the synthesis of the database of expert diagnostic system of gas turbine blades in the field of non-destructive testing. The source of data is optical methods and computed tomography methods. Optical tests can be carried out on the blades of the turbine built in the engine and after their disassembly. Optical tests provide diagnostic information in the form of an image of the blade surface. This makes it possible to identify damage based on changes in the attributes of the image of the blade surface. Computer tomography methods are applied on disassembled blades. Assessment of the technical condition of the blade is made on the basis of individual two-dimensional X-ray scans or on the basis of a three-dimensional image of the blade generated by the computer software from the set of X-ray scans taken during the full angle rotation. The computed tomography data set includes a small number of points on the timeline of operation; hence, the correlation of results with optical methods is difficult. Integration of diagnostic data from two or more sources into one expert system requires standardization of data. One possible approach is the use of multi-valued encoding of 2D and 3D image attributes. In this way a multivalued diagnostic model of the blade is obtained, which can be processed by information theory methods to optimize the set of attributes.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 4; 25-32
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The forging process of aircraft engines turbine blades
Proces kucia łopatek turbin silników samolotowych
Autorzy:
Sińczak, J.
Łukaszek-Sołek, A.
Bednarek, S.
Chyła, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/264043.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
kucie izotermiczne
łopatka turbiny
obliczenia numeryczne
isothermal forging
turbine blade
numerical calculations
Opis:
The aim of this paper was to obtain information about optimum conditions of the forging process of a blade made from high-temperature creep resisting alloy called Inconel 718. A three-dimensional rigid-plastic finite element method (FEM) of forging process of high-pressure compressor rotor's blade analysis has been performed. Various forging process variants were analysed, including isothermal conditions.
Artykuł przedstawia wyniki pracy, której celem było uzyskanie informacji dotyczących optymalnych warunków kucia łopatki z żarowytrzymałego stopu Inconel 718. Przeprowadzono symulacje 3D kucia łopatki wirnika sprężarki wysokiego ciśnienia turbiny gazowej. Analizie poddano różne warianty procesu kucia z uwzględnieniem warunków izotermicznych.
Źródło:
Metallurgy and Foundry Engineering; 2010, 36, 2; 83-90
1230-2325
2300-8377
Pojawia się w:
Metallurgy and Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Crystal perfection studies of single crystal superalloy turbine blades by X-ray diffraction methods
Autorzy:
Gancarczyk, K.
Albrecht, R.
Bogdanowicz, W.
Sieniawski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1112679.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-10
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
61.66.Dk
61.05.cp
Opis:
In the paper the crystal structure of single crystal CMSX-4 blade casts, applied in high pressure turbine of aircraft engines was analyzed. The longitudinal section of blade, cast at withdrawal rate of 3 mm/min was used as a sample. During the conducted research, following X-ray diffraction methods were applied: EFG Ω-scan, Auleytner X-ray topography and analysis of diffraction reflex profile ("rocking curve"). The authors determined crystal orientation in entire blade casts on the basis of set criterion concerning values of angle α - deviation of [001] direction from the direction of cast withdrawal. Conclusions concerning the crystal structure quality of the blade were drawn based on results from three different research methods. Local changes in crystal orientation on the surface of blade cast, also areas with significant structure defect degree and the presence of internal stresses were characterized.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2016, 130, 4; 1088-1090
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Power spectrum analysis for determination of the number of Vertical Axis Wind Turbine blades
Autorzy:
Anweiler, S.
Fedak, W.
Gancarski, W.
Ulbrich, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/95342.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
renewable energy sources
wind turbine
VAWT
power spectrum
hydrodynamic force
odnawialne źródła energii
turbina wiatrowa
turbiny wiatrowe o osi pionowej
widmo mocy
Opis:
Technology of wind exploitation has been applied widely all over the world and has already reached the level in which manufacturers want to maximize the yield with the minimum investment outlays. The main objective of this paper is the determination of the optimal number of blades in the Cup-Bladed Vertical Axis Wind Turbine. Optimizing the size of the Vertical Axis Wind Turbine allow the reduction of costs and increase the output. The target is the maximum power of the rotor. The optimum number of Vertical Axis Wind Turbine blades evaluation is based on analysis of a single blade simulation and its superposition for the whole rotor. The simulation of working blade was done in MatLab environment. Power spectrum graphs were prepared and compared throughout superposition of individual blades in the Vertical Axis Wind Turbine rotor. Some wind tunnel measurements of the hydrodynamic force according to pitch angle of the blade are also shown. The major result of this research is the Vertical Axis Wind Turbine kmax ratiopower characteristic. On the basis of the analysis of the power spectra, optimum number of the blades was specified for the analysed rotor. Power spectrum analysis of wind turbine enabled the specification of the optimal number of blades, and can be used regarding investment outlays and power output of the Vertical Axis Wind Turbine.
Źródło:
Journal of Mechanical and Energy Engineering; 2017, 1, 2; 153-161
2544-0780
2544-1671
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Mechanical and Energy Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Examination of changes in the microstructure of gas turbine blades with visual and thermographic methods
Autorzy:
Błachnio, J.
Kułaszka, A.
Kornas, Ł.
Chalimoniuk, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247030.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
gas turbine
vane
diagnostics
thermographic method
Opis:
The processes associated with operation of turbinę avionic engines entail the occurrence of various defects affecting turbine components, in particular turbine vanes. The main reasons for defects and deterioration of gas turbine vanes include thermal fatigue and overheating of the vane material. This paper outlines the non-destructive test methods that are currently in use and that are based on an analysis of surface images obtained from the examined parts within the visible bandwidth with the use of a ring-wedge detector. Particular attention is paid to opportunities that enable unbiased diagnostics of changes in the microscopic structure of vanes with the use of the non-destructive thermographic method. Initial examinations ofthe gas turbine vanes, both new ones and those already in operation, have demonstrated the existence of interrelations and dependency between the thermal strain during the turbine operation, changes of signals associated with the thermal response from the material and the condition of the vane microstructures. The results of these examinations have been successfully verified with the use of the metallographic method. The demonstrated interrelations and dependency shall serve as a basis to develop fundamentals for a non-destructive thermographic test method intended to assess the overheating condition of the material for gas turbine vanes.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 2; 27-34
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The assessment of the technical condition of SO-3 engine turbine blades using an impulse test
Autorzy:
Milewicz, Julia
Mokrzan, Daniel
Szymański, Grzegorz M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2097507.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
jet engine
turbine
modal analysis
resonance
silnik odrzutowy
turbina
analiza modalna
rezonans
Opis:
The paper presents the effects of the application of an experimental impulse test as a method of diagnosis of the technical condition of an SO-3 engine turbine blade fitted in a TS-11 Iskra aircraft. The aim of the test was to investigate the frequency characteristics of the blades and discuss differences between the frequency spectrum of the investigated component before and after its damage. The acoustic response measurements were performed to the signal generated by an impact hammer on the fully functional and intentionally damaged blades. The recorded signals were converted from the domain of time to the domain of frequency using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). The results of the FFT were the Frequency Response Functions (FRF) of the sound of the blades, based on which the statistical analysis of the resonance frequencies was carried out. The influence of the mechanical damage of the blade on the shape and characteristics of the frequency spectrum was confirmed, which substantiated the effectiveness of the impulse test in the diagnostic assessment of jet engine components.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2021, 60, 1; 24--29
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Monitoring of Manufacture Stability of Large Turbine Blades Using Infrared Thermography (IRT) in Investment Casting Technology
Autorzy:
Herman, A.
Vrátný, O.
Kubelková, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381486.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
casting defect
product development
investment casting
wax pattern
turbine blade
infrared thermography
wada odlewu
rozwój produktu
odlewnictwo precyzyjne
model woskowy
łopatka wirnikowa
termografia w podczerwieni
Opis:
With increasing technology development, an increasing emphasis is placed on the precision of products, but cannot be guaranteed without a stable production process. To ensure the stability of the production process, it is necessary to monitor it in detail, find its critical locations and eliminate or at least control it. With such a precise manufacturing method as investment casting, such a process is a must. This paper therefore deals with monitoring the production process of wax models of large turbine blades using infrared thermography. The aim was to evaluate the critical locations of this production and to propose recommendations for their elimination or, at the very least, significant mitigation of their impact on the final quality of the large turbine blade casting.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2018, 18, 4; 9-14
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of hot isostatic pressing on the microstructure of turbine blade airfoil made of nickel-base superalloy
Autorzy:
Chmiela, B.
Kościelniak, B.
Cwajna, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/353304.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
superalloys
turbine blades
HIP
EBSD
Opis:
Turbine blades are flight safety parts in the jet engine. Therefore they should be characterized by very good mechanical properties, especially high creep resistance and fatigue strength at high temperature. The mechanical properties of blades made of nickel-based superalloys depend on the microstructure of the casting and its porosity [1,2]. The aim of this paper is evaluation of effect of hot isostatic pressing (HIP) on microstructure of blade airfoil made of IN713C superalloy in four important zones: (i) leading edge, (ii) trailing edge, (iii) suction side and (iv) pressure side. HIP treatment was carried out proving some significant microstructural changes. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis reveals some structural changes what may facilitate diffusion processes leading to simplify of a heat treatment (solution treatment and aging).
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 1; 241-245
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of CMSX-4 single-crystalline turbine blades root by electron and X-ray diffraction methods
Autorzy:
Krawczyk, J.
Zubko, M.
Bogdanowicz, W.
Tondos, A.
Sieniawski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1058074.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-10
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
81.10.Aj
61.72.Ff
61.05.J-
Opis:
The root of single-crystalline turbine blade made of CMSX-4 superalloy were studied. The studied blade was produced by the Bridgman technique in industrial ALD furnace at withdrawal rate of 3 mm/min. The samples for investigations were cut from the blade root parallel to the withdrawal direction. Metallographic sections of longitudinal samples planes were prepared for further investigations. The samples were analysed using scanning electron microscopy and the Laue diffraction studies. The crystal orientations in macro-scale were determined by analysis of the Laue pattern and local crystal orientations were studied by electron backscattered diffraction technique. Morphology of dendrites were examined by analysis of scanning electron microscopy macro-images. Study of subgrain structure was performed by X-ray diffraction topography. The sharp parallel contrast bands, visible on the X-ray topograms, were related with dendrite cores, arranged with the same direction. Additionally, the low angle boundaries were formed in certain samples, visible on the topograms as contrast shifts. Step changes of local crystal orientation in certain areas were observed on the electron backscattered diffraction maps. The electron backscattered diffraction crystal orientation maps were related to the misorientation visualized in topograms.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2016, 130, 4; 1104-1106
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
High order sensitivity analysis of a mistuned blisk including intentional mistuning
Autorzy:
Pohle, L.
Tatzko, S.
Panning-von Scheidt, L.
Wallaschek, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/281842.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Mechaniki Teoretycznej i Stosowanej
Tematy:
turbine blades
mistuning
sensitivity analysis
Opis:
Small deviations between turbine blades exist due to manufacturing tolerances or material inhomogeneities. This effect is called mistuning and usually causes increased vibration amplitudes and also a lower service life expectancy of bladed disks or so called blisks (bladed integrated disk). The major resulting problem is to estimate the maximum amplitude with respect to these deviations. Due to the probability distribution of these deviations, statistical methods are used to predict the maximum amplitude. State of the art is the Monte-Carlo simulation which is based on a high number of randomly re-arranged input parameters. The aim of this paper is to introduce a useful method to calculate the probability distribution of the maximum amplitude of a mistuned blisk with respect to the random input parameters. First, the applied reduction method is presented to initiate the sensitivity analysis. This reduction method enables the calculation of the frequency response function (FRF) of a Finite Element Model (FEM) in a reasonable calculation time. Based on the Taylor series approximation, the sensitivity of the vibration amplitude depending on normally distributed input parameters is calculated and therewith, it is possible to estimate the maximum amplitude. Calculating only a single frequency response function shows a good agreement with the results of over 1000 Monte-Carlo simulations.
Źródło:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics; 2017, 55, 1; 353-368
1429-2955
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Quantitative Evaluation of Porosity in Turbine Blades Made of IN713C Superalloy After Hot Isostatic Pressing
Autorzy:
Roskosz, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/355974.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
superalloys
turbine blades
hot isostatic pressing
porosity
Opis:
The aim of this paper is an assessment of the influence of hot isostatic pressing treatment on porosity of cast samples - turbine blades and vane clusters made of the IN713C superalloy. Two variants of HIP treatments, differing in pressure from each other, have been used. The quantitative evaluation of the porosity was performed using light microscopy and quantitative metallography methods. The use of the hot isostatic pressing significantly decreased the volume fraction and size of pores in the test blades, the remaining pores after the HIP process being characterized by a round shape. The increased pressure has caused significant reductions in the area fraction and size of the pores.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 1; 253-258
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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