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Tytuł:
Best Practices in Real Estate Cross-border Transactions
Autorzy:
Szulc, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/911117.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-03-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
best practices
cross-border transactions
real estate transactions
Opis:
The article presents reflections on the best practices in real estate cross border transactions.Transactions on real estate markets have several aspects that make them highly complex, mostly due to their individual nature – each property is unique in terms of its location, structure and history. Cross-border transactions on the real estate market are becoming increasingly popular as the world becomes more globalized. The growing volume of this type of transaction presents a challenge for the modern real estate lawyer. It is impossible to create an exhaustive guide setting out all the hazards occurring in such transactions. This article addresses this difficult challenge by indicating the most important of them.It is essential and extremely helpful to enter into cooperation with a local counsel who will help us to explain the local specificity and who will take the legal differences into account. In addition, other helpful tools, such as a legal due diligence report or a title insurance Policy, should be carefully considered. One cannot forget about the importance of the local culture and customs, which may prove decisive at the crucial moment of the transaction. Finally, to be effective in working with cross-border clients, lawyers must have a good understanding of how people think and make decisions, and must possess good people skills. Respect for local customs and traditions, as well as understanding the local legal system while securing clients’ interests, is the key to a successful transaction.
Źródło:
Studia Prawa Publicznego; 2020, 1, 29; 153-161
2300-3936
Pojawia się w:
Studia Prawa Publicznego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Transakcje offsetowe a rozwój przemysłu
Offset Transactions and Industrial Development
Autorzy:
Baranowska-Prokop, Ewa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/574569.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007-10-31
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie. Kolegium Analiz Ekonomicznych
Tematy:
tie-in transactions
offset projects
industrial development
Opis:
The paper aims to show how offset transactions contribute to an accelerated development of various industries. The author describes the principal guidelines of government policy vis-à-vis offset agreements, showing a framework of relationships between the main forms of offset strategies and the goals of industrial development in both the civilian and defense sectors. Further in the article, the author offers a concise model of technological development spurred by offset transactions. The model is illustrated by numerous examples of offset transactions made in recent years between partners from various regions of the world. The economic effects of offset transactions on industrial development are unclear, the author concludes, but a detailed analysis of specific examples of such transactions may help reveal the basic problems that arise in the course of such projects, along with the long-term implications of poor performance and negotiation mistakes in this area. The paper ends with a brief analysis of Poland’s defense industry and its prospects for the future, including plans to establish a single defense corporation based on the use of new technology secured by Poland under offset agreements signed by the government over the past several years.
Źródło:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics; 2007, 219, 10; 67-83
2300-5238
Pojawia się w:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Institutional determinism of the execution of transactions within the company
Autorzy:
Derkacz, Arkadiusz J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/18104722.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-06-22
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie. Kolegium Zarządzania i Finansów
Tematy:
institutions
internal organization
organizational behaviour
transactions
business economics
firms
Opis:
Modern companies, operating in a dynamically changing environment, are subject to the permanent determinism of the institution. On the other hand, companies are more and more often perceived as complex networks of interpersonal relations in often dispersed organizational structures. Relationships seem to play the role of a link between human activities. The latter, being dependent on the level of his/her opportunism, limited rationality, uncertainty and defined costs of transaction execution within the company, take actions consistent with the company's goal. Man-made activities seem to be more and more often characterised by market transactions concluded within the frames of a company. The whole mechanism of company functioning cohabits under the influence of institutional determinism. Such a context of social and economic reality observed within the frame of the company has become a contribution to the emergence of the question which inspires the author's scientific work within the scope of the new institutional economics. What are the reasons for the existence of various forms of transaction organization and ways of their implementation within the company? The following article is an attempt to answer such a question in the context of the theory of institutions. The presented considerations, through the theoretical meanders of neo-institutionalism, ultimately lead to the localization of institutional determinism, which shapes the way transactions are carried out within the company.
Źródło:
Journal of Management and Financial Sciences; 2020, 40; 21-41
1899-8968
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Management and Financial Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Asymetria informacji a transakcje wiązane
Information Asymmetry and Tie-in Transactions
Autorzy:
Prokop, Jacek
Baranowska-Prokop, Ewa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/575918.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006-08-31
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie. Kolegium Analiz Ekonomicznych
Tematy:
information asymmetry
capital goods
tie-in transactions
Opis:
The article sets out to determine if tie-in transactions can be a more favorable form of buying capital goods for enterprises than ordinary market transactions in the event of an information asymmetry. The authors present a model situation in which an enterprise from a less developed country decides to buy technology from a company based in a highly developed country. The quality of the technology is unknown to the buyer, who has two forms of transactions to choose from: a market transaction or a tie-in. The authors prove that in the event of considerable uncertainty about the quality of the technology involved, tie-ins may be the preferred form of trade. Such transactions play the role of specific insurance in case the technology purchased proves to be of substandard quality. Tie-in transactions are a reliable signal of the quality of capital goods if there is an information asymmetry between the seller and the buyer. They represent a rational response to conditions limiting market exchange.
Źródło:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics; 2006, 209, 7-8; 9-25
2300-5238
Pojawia się w:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Hidden Signature for DTW Signature Verification in Authorizing Payment Transactions
Autorzy:
Putz-Leszczyńska, J.
Kudelski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/308543.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
dynamic time warping
hidden signature
payment transactions
signature verification
Opis:
Traditional use of dynamic time warping for signature verification consists of forming some dissimilarity measure between the signature in question and a set of "template signatures". In this paper, we propose to replace this set with the hidden signature and use it to calculate the normalized errors of signature under verification. The approach was tested on the MCYT database, using both genuine signatures and skilled forgeries. Moreover, we present the real-world application of the proposed algorithm, namely the complete biometric system for authorizing payment transactions. The authorization is performed directly at a point of sale by the automatic signature verification system based on the hidden signature.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2010, 4; 59-67
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Terminy zapłaty w transakcjach handlowych - funkcjonowanie przepisów w praktyce
Payment Dates in Trade Transactions - Regulations in Practice
Autorzy:
Czarnow, Sławomir
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/416943.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-04
Wydawca:
Najwyższa Izba Kontroli
Tematy:
payment dates
trade transactions
public finance sector
types of contracts
Opis:
The article presents practical aspects of the functioning of the Act on payment dates in trade transactions (of 12th June 2003 and of 8th March 2013), focusing on conditions and judicature related to the public finance sector. The article concentrates, in the first place, on issues related to types of contracts to which these regulations apply, and on the rights of creditors towards debtors who do not meet payment deadlines set out in the Act. The most important provisions of the directive of the European Parliament and Commission are also referred to in the article, related to fighting delays in trade transaction payments (of 29th June 2000 and 16th February 2011) in the context of their implementation in the Polish law.
Źródło:
Kontrola Państwowa; 2014, 59, 2(355); 147-165
0452-5027
Pojawia się w:
Kontrola Państwowa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE ELECTRONIC LAND AND MORTGAGE REGISTER FOR SECURITY OF REAL ESTATE TRANSACTIONS
Autorzy:
Dorota, Długosz,
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/891430.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-08-17
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Bezpieczeństwa Publicznego i Indywidualnego Apeiron w Krakowie
Tematy:
land and mortgage register
real estates
security of real estate transactions
Opis:
Purpose of the following article is to draw attention to importance of the electronic land and mortgage register for the security of real estate transactions. From 1 January 2015 all paper land and mortgage registers were replaced with the modern information system, which changed the way of carring on the land and mortgage registers. The article presents reasons that leads to the conclusion that the new system of the land and mortgage register result in the increase of security of real estate transactions. This conclusion precedes analysis of regulations concerning carring on the electronic land and mortgage register, construction of the electronic land and mortgage register and construction of the system of the New Land and Mortgage Register.
Źródło:
Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka – Refleksje; 2015, 20; 206-218
2299-4033
Pojawia się w:
Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka – Refleksje
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Endogenous money supply, global liquidity and financial transactions: Panel evidence from OECD countries
Autorzy:
Śliwiński, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22443112.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
endogenous money supply
domestic credit
global liquidity
financial transactions
quantity theory of credit
Opis:
Research background: Endogenous money creation is an inherent feature of today?s economies and widely accepted phenomenon. As the various theories of money rely on the money quantity equation, most empirical research is heading towards the analysis of the two-way relationship between the quantity of money and nominal GDP. In today's world, with the extraordinary development of the financial sector, money is used not only for transactions in the real economy, but increasingly also for purchasing financial assets. This observation was absorbed by Werner in the quantity theory of disaggregated credit. Purpose of the article: The aim of the paper is to join the debate on endogenous character of money supply by tasting a disaggregated equation of money. It assumes that the domestic money supply is positively determined not only by growth in GDP-based transactions but also by growth in non-GDP-based transactions (financial transactions). Additionally, it is assumed that in the age of globalization it can be also positively influenced by the global liquidity.  Methods:  Testing of the above-mentioned hypotheses takes place with the use of panel unit roots tests, panel Granger causality test and panel estimations (OLS, models with fixed/random effects, GMM). In the study, annual data from 2002 to 2018 for OECD countries were chosen for statistical research. Findings & value added: The article confirms the hypothesis that real and financial economic activity together with global liquidity positively influence domestic credit and thus money supply. As the amount of money in an economy is driven not only by the real economy but also by the financial economy, prudential regulations that restrict leverage (and thus control the amount of credit) and limit risk-taking during price bubbles periods should be therefore considered. In the research, the reaction of domestic money supply to the changes in US money supply is positive. It confirms the importance of spill-over effect of expansionary policy in major economies to other economies.
Źródło:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2023, 18, 1; 121-152
1689-765X
2353-3293
Pojawia się w:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Szara strefa w gospodarce i metody jej zwalczania w zakresie ograniczania skali nierejestrowanych transakcji
The shadow economy and methods of combating it in the scope of reducing the scale of unregistered transactions
Autorzy:
Jakubowska, Marta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/449324.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-31
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
szara strefa
transakcje nierejestrowane
obrót bezgotówkowy
shadow economy
unregistered transactions
cashless transactions
Opis:
Motywacja: Szara strefa ciągle pozostaje problemem niewystarczająco zbadanym, a mającym bardzo duży i negatywny wpływ na funkcjonowanie gospodarki. Stanowi problem nie tylko dla budżetu państw, ale także jedno z zagrożeń dla legalnie działających przedsiębiorstw. Cel: Celem głównym artykułu jest identyfikacja szarej strefy z uwzględnieniem przyczyn jej rozwoju. Jako cel szczegółowy przyjęto wskazanie metod walki z szarą strefą w zakresie ograniczania skali nierejestrowanych transakcji. Materiały i metody: W artykule wykorzystano analizę źródeł wtórnych, a także literatury przedmiotu. Wyniki: Na podstawie przeprowadzonej analizy można uznać, że problem istnienia szarej strefy w gospodarce jest ciągle aktualny. Jedną z metod walki z szarą strefą, szczególnie w obszarze skali nierejestrowanych transakcji, są działania promujące rozwój obrotu bezgotówkowego. Zwrócono także uwagę na możliwość blokowania rozwoju obrotu bezgotówkowego przez przedsiębiorstwa działające w szarej strefie. Problem ten wymaga jednak pogłębionych, kompleksowych badań w przyszłości.
Motivation: The shadow economy is still an insufficiently researched problem that has a very large and negative impact on the functioning of the economy. It is a problem not only for the state budget, but also one of the activities for legally operating enterprises. Aim: The main aim of the article is to identify the shadow economy, taking into account its development. The specific aim is to indicate the methods of combating the shadow economy in reducing the scale of unregistered transactions. Materials and methods: In the article the analysis of secondary sources as well as the literature on the subject was used. Results: Based on the conducted analysis, it can be concluded that the problem of the existence of a shadow economy in the economy is still current. One of the methods of combating the shadow economy, especially in the area of unregistered transactions, are activities that promote the development of cashless transaction. Attention was also paid to the possibility of blocking the development of non-cash transactions by enterprises operating in the shadow economy. However, this problem requires in-depth, comprehensive research in the future.
Źródło:
Catallaxy; 2019, 4, 2; 87-94
2544-090X
Pojawia się w:
Catallaxy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Poet's "Caressive Sight": Denise Levertov's Transactions with Nature
Autorzy:
Poks, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/641570.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-01-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Opis:
The scientific consciousness which broke with the holistic perception of life is credited with "unweaving the rainbow," or disenchanting the world. No longer perceived as sacred, the non-human world of plants and animals became a site of struggle for domination and mastery in implementing humankind's supposedly divine mandate to subdue the earth. The nature poetry of Denise Levertov is an attempt to reverse this trend, reaffirm the sense of wonder inherent in the world around us, and reclaim some "holy presence" for the modern sensibility. Her exploratory poetics witnesses to a sense of relationship existing between all creatures, both human and non-human. This article traces Levertov's "transactions with nature" and her evolving spirituality, inscribing her poetry within the space of alternative-or romantic-modernity, one that dismantles the separation paradigm. My intention throughout was to trace the way to a religiously defined faith of a person raised in the modernist climate of suspicion, but keenly attentive to spiritual implications of beauty and open to the epiphanies of everyday.
Źródło:
Text Matters: A Journal of Literature, Theory and Culture; 2011, 1; 145-152
2083-2931
2084-574X
Pojawia się w:
Text Matters: A Journal of Literature, Theory and Culture
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Podatek VAT w transakcjach handlowych pomiędzy państwami Unii Europejskiej
VAT Tax in Trade Transactions between Countries of the European Union
Autorzy:
Królikowski, A.
Mierzejewska, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/906192.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
transakcje handlowe
VAT
trade transactions
Opis:
W związku z akcesją Polski do Unii Europejskiej polskie ustawodawstwo w zakresie podatku VAT zostało zmienione, tak aby dostosować je do przepisów określonych w dyrektywach dotyczących podatku VAT w Unii Europejskiej. Z chwilą przystąpienia Polski do Unii Europejskiej nastąpiła radykalna zmiana zasad opodatkowania podat-kiem VAT wymiany handlowej pomiędzy podatnikami VAT w Polsce a podatnikami tego podatku w poszczególnych państwach Unii Europejskiej, co jest związane ze zniesieniem granic celno-podatkowych pomiędzy Polską jako członkiem Unii Europejskiej a pozosta-łymi państwami członkowskimi Unii Europejskiej.
In connection with Poland's entry to the European Union Polish legislation in the field of VAT tax has been changed in order to adjust it to the European Union precepts. Poland's entry to the European Union is connected with a radical change of taxation precepts of trade exchange between Polish VAT taxpayers and VAT tax payers in countries of the European Union. It is strictly related to the abolition of customs-tax borders between Poland and membership countries of the European Union.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2004, 4 (76); 111-124
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Optimal power flow with transmission cost solution under bilateral and multilateral transactions
Autorzy:
Bastin Solai Nazaran, J.
Selvi, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/141690.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
SEOPF
ESCOPF
power flow tracing
severity index
HGO
bilateral
multilateral transactions
Opis:
In a deregulated electricity market, it is important to dispatch the generation in an economical manner and to ensure security under different operating conditions. In this study evolutionary computation based solution for optimal power flow is attempted. Social welfare optimization is taken as the objective function, which includes generation cost, transmission cost and consumer benefit function. Transmission cost is calculated using Bialek’s power flow tracing method. Severity index is applied as a constraint to measure the security. The objective function is calculated for pre and post contingency periods. Real power generations, real power loads and transformer tap settings are selected as control variables. Different bilateral and multilateral conditions are considered for analysis. A Human Group Optimization algorithm is used to find the solution of the problem. The IEEE 30 bus system is taken as a test system.
Źródło:
Archives of Electrical Engineering; 2014, 63, 2; 227-245
1427-4221
2300-2506
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Electrical Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Store Revisited
Autorzy:
Grzanek, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/972912.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Społeczna Akademia Nauk w Łodzi
Tematy:
databases
transactions
functional programming
Clojure
software architecture
Opis:
Building abstraction layers is the key do the creation of reliable, scalable and maintainable software. Large number of database models and implementations together with the requirements coming from agile and TDD methodologies make it even more tangible. The paper is an attempt to present features and abstraction layers of a transactional key → value persistent storage library in which the physical storage is fully transparent for a programmer and exchangeable on the run-time.
Źródło:
Journal of Applied Computer Science Methods; 2013, 5 No. 1; 69-83
1689-9636
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Applied Computer Science Methods
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 391

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