Informacja

Drogi użytkowniku, aplikacja do prawidłowego działania wymaga obsługi JavaScript. Proszę włącz obsługę JavaScript w Twojej przeglądarce.

Wyszukujesz frazę "numerical (computational) fluid dynamics (CFD)" wg kryterium: Wszystkie pola


Tytuł:
Numerical analysis of influence of ship hull form modification on ship resistance and propulsion characteristics. Part III. Influence of hull form modification on screw propeller efficiency
Autorzy:
Abramowski, T.
Żelazny, K.
Szelangiewicz, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/259371.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
ship hull geometry
numerical (computational) fluid dynamics (CFD)
resistance
wake current
propeller efficiency
Opis:
After signing ship building contract shipyard’s design office orders performance of ship resistance and propulsion model tests aimed at, apart from resistance measurements, also determination of ship speed, propeller rotational speed and propulsion engine power for the designed ship, as well as improvement of its hull form, if necessary. Range of ship hull modifications is practically very limited due to cost and time reasons. Hence numerical methods, mainly CFD ones are more and more often used for such tests. In this paper consisted of three parts, are presented results of numerical calculations of hull resistance, wake and efficiency of propeller operating in non-homogenous velocity field, performed for research on 18 hull versions of B573 ship designed and built by Szczecin Nowa Shipyard.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2010, 1; 10-13
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Computational fluid dynamics methods in turbomachinery
Autorzy:
Chmielniak, T. J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1953985.pdf
Data publikacji:
1998
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska
Tematy:
computational fluid dynamics CFD
CFD
turbomachinery
numerical methods
modelling
steady flow
unsteady flow
multiphase flow
multicomponent flow
blade cooling
Opis:
This paper aims to present a general view of flow problems in turbomachinery and the current levels of numerical methods for solving these problems. The flow models used for modelling phenomena in blade cascades are presented. Models of turbulence are discussed. A variety of examples of turbomachinery problems, such as steady, unsteady, multiphase and multicomponent flows, and also blade cooling are described. The actual research fields of computational fluid mechanics are presented.
Źródło:
TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk; 1998, 2, 2; 205-213
1428-6394
Pojawia się w:
TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Oddziaływanie wiatru na przepływ powietrza w tunelach
The wind influence on flow field in tunnels
Autorzy:
Sztarbała, G
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/362380.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Fizyki Budowli Katarzyna i Piotr Klemm
Tematy:
oddziaływanie wiatru
przepływ powietrza w tunelach
obliczenia numeryczne
obliczeniowa mechanika płynów
CFD
Computational Fluid Dynamics
wind influence
flow field in tunnels
numerical computations
computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
Opis:
W niniejszym artykule zostały zaprezentowane wyniki obliczeń numerycznych oddziaływania wiatru na przepływ powietrza w tunelach. Zagadnienie oddziaływania wiatru na przepływ powietrza w tunelach odgrywa istotną rolę przy projektowaniu wentylacji bytowej, systemów bezpieczeństwa pożarowego tuneli a w szczególności systemów wentylacji pożarowej oraz systemów detekcji pożaru. W przypadku nieuwzględnienia wiatru na etapie projektowania wyżej wymienionych systemów prawidłowe wykrycie pożaru oraz skuteczne funkcjonowanie systemu wentylacji pożarowej będą bardzo utrudnione, a w niektórych przypadkach nawet niemożliwe. Artykuł ten stanowi fragment prowadzonej przez autora pracy badawczej.
In this paper there are presented results of the numerical analyses of the wind influence on flow field in tunnels. The results show that wind shall be considered during ventilation design process.
Źródło:
Fizyka Budowli w Teorii i Praktyce; 2011, T. 6, nr 4, 4; 77-80
1734-4891
Pojawia się w:
Fizyka Budowli w Teorii i Praktyce
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Numerical simulations of gap flow above rotating disk
Autorzy:
Wasilczuk, F.
Flaszyński, P.
Doerffer, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1938643.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska
Tematy:
computational fluid dynamics CFD
internal flow
flow control
Opis:
A rotating disk can be considered a basic configuration for the investigations of the impact of various conditions on the flow through the clearance between the shrouded turbine blade and the casing. Numerical calculations using Fine/Turbo Numeca were conducted to examine the influence of the rotational velocity and the pressure difference across the disk on the flow conditions, especially the mass flow through the clearance. The results were validated using the experimental data. Moreover, the flow field was investigated to reveal the vortices induced in the flow. The calculations showed a significant drop of the mass flow with a rise of the rotation velocity. Additionally, the vortex created upstream of the disk at higher rotation velocities was observed. The phenomenon of separation at the edge of the disk was investigated.
Źródło:
TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk; 2015, 19, 2; 89-100
1428-6394
Pojawia się w:
TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Numerical Analysis of Flow Structure in Reciprocating Compressor
Autorzy:
Demircan, Tolga
Yaman, Ali Burak
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1165510.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
CFD
Reciprocating compressor
computational fluid dynamics
inlet input angle
Opis:
In line with current rapidly developing technology, mechanization in industry is increasing. In this case, all components that form a machine are becoming important. Compressor plays an important role in operations of numerous machineries. They are used for increasing pressure by compressing gas. Compressors have various types and especially in industries such as automotive, textile, and manufacturing, reciprocating compressors are frequently used. Reciprocating compressors consist of cylinder, piston, and crank and connecting rod mechanism. These components work by narrowing the volume inside the cylinder and increasing gas pressure inside. In this study, flow structure inside a reciprocating compressor was numerically analysed. For this purpose, models were created for 2 different crank angles of a reciprocating compressor. Simulations were made for different pipe angles of inlet pipe and outlet pipe. Valve openings were kept constant at 6 mm. Input and output angles of inlet and outlet pipes to cylinder was changed as 0°, 30°, 45°, 60° and 90°. As a result, it was determined that as the angle of inlet and outlet pipes changed, general flow structure inside the cylinder changed as well. Especially, there were differences in velocity vectors plotted for input and output of the flow from valve to cylinder.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2018, 107; 160-170
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation and particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurement of a packed flotation column
Autorzy:
Yan, X.
Chen, Z.
Wang, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/110183.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
cyclonic-static microbubble flotation column
computational fluid dynamics
sieve-plate packing
particle image velocimetry
velocity distribution
Opis:
Packing is a useful method to obtain a static separation environment for a high flotation recovery and selectivity. In this study, the single-phase flow field in a packed lab-scale cyclonic-static microbubble flotation column (FCSMC) was investigated by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. Turbulence model was verified by Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) experiment; the simulation results obtained by the RSM (Reynolds Stress Model) are closer to the experimental data. Based on this validation, RSM turbulence model was used to obtain the effect of sieve-plate on the hydrodynamic characteristics in the column flotation zone. The results show that the sieve-plate packing arrangement greatly straightens the rotation flow and decreases the turbulence. To further improve the effect of packing, two layers of sieve plates were used, and one diameter (1D = 190 mm) was selected as the reasonable distance between the two layers of sieve plates. To quantitative evaluate the effect of sieve-plate packing, the logarithm of Pdk over the logarithm of Pdo was calculated based on the volume-averaged turbulence dissipation rate, increasing from 24.72 for one layer of sieve-plate packing to 216.96 for two layers of sieve-plate packing. The probability of detachment significantly decreased for two layers of sieve-plate packing, and the recovery efficiency was significantly improved.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2018, 54, 2; 395-405
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Computational fluid dynamics and water quality modeling
Obliczeniowa mechanika płynów a modelowanie jakości wody
Autorzy:
Widomski, M. K.
Kowalska, B.
Musz, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/127449.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Chemii i Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
water quality
numerical modeling
computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
water supply systems
jakość wody
modelowanie numeryczne
obliczeniowa dynamika płynów
sieci wodociągowe
Opis:
Modeling of water quality in distribution systems becomes nowadays a very popular tool applied in the processes of systems design and operation. Usually, according to everyday practice and literature reports, the chlorine propagation is one of the mostly reported subjects of modeling. Meanwhile, literature presents many examples of pollutants originated in polymer pipes’ material seriously deteriorating the quality of water in distribution systems. In this case, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) may be applied to numerical calculations of simultaneous transport of several organic and non-organic pollutants in drinking water supply systems constructed of metal or polymer pipes. This paper contains the presentation of recognized pollutants migrating to drinking water from plastic pipes, possibilities of CFD application to water quality modeling and basic set of necessary input data as well as range of simulation results. Advantages and disadvantages of CFD as a tool of water quality numerical assessment were also presented.
Modelowanie parametrów jakości wody w systemach dystrybucji jest obecnie stosowane zarówno w procesie projektowania, jak i w eksploatacji sieci wodociągowych. Najczęściej stosowanym w modelowaniu wskaźnikiem jakości wody w sieci jest rozkład chloru. Badania literaturowe wskazują, iż istnieje duża grupa zanieczyszczeń pogarszających jakość wody, a pochodzących z materiału przewodów. W celu numerycznego określenia transportu tych zanieczyszczeń w sieciach wodociągowych wykonanych z różnych materiałów może być zastosowana obliczeniowa dynamika płynów (CFD). W artykule przedstawiono najczęściej identyfikowane w wodzie zanieczyszczenia pochodzące z materiału przewodów wykonanych z tworzyw sztucznych, możliwości zastosowania CFD do modelowania jakości wody oraz niezbędne w tym celu dane wejściowe. Przedstawiono także wady i zalety CFD jako narzędzia do modelowania zmian jakości wody w sieciach.
Źródło:
Proceedings of ECOpole; 2011, 5, 2; 467-472
1898-617X
2084-4557
Pojawia się w:
Proceedings of ECOpole
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Numerical investigation of flow in mixed-flow pump with volute
Autorzy:
Sedlar, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1967635.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska
Tematy:
CFD
computational fluid dynamics CFD
flow separation
cavitation
Navier-Stokes equation
unsteady phenomena
mixed-flow pump
volute
Opis:
The work considers the modelling of flow in a complete mixed-flow pump with volute, including tip leakage flows, using both quasi-steady and true transient models of rotor/stator interaction. The CFX-TASCflow CFD package from AEA Technology is applied to calculate flows for a wide range of flow rates from about 0.2 to 1.4 Q/sub 0pt/. Fairly detailed flow structures have been predicted based on the flow rates, especially impeller inlet recirculation and separation on the suction side of the blades for suboptimal rates of flow, as well as strong secondary flows and separation in the volute for off-design conditions. The rotor/stator interaction influence on flow phenomena both in the impeller and volute have been investigated with very interesting results, providing good insight into the dynamics of flow close to the volute tongue. Based on the computational results, pump performance curves (Q-H, Q- eta /sub h/ and Q-P, eta /sub h/ being the hydraulic efficiency) have been obtained. The data from this numerical investigation have been used to improve the inlet part of the impeller blades, especially close to the tip. The geometry modifications have resulted in reduced cavitation in the impeller as well as noise at suboptimal rates of flow.
Źródło:
TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk; 2001, 5, 4; 595-602
1428-6394
Pojawia się w:
TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Numerical simulation and theoretical analysis of the 3D viscous flow in centrifugal impellers
Autorzy:
Kang, S.
Hirsch, Ch.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1967654.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska
Tematy:
centrifugal compressor
secondary flow
CFD
computational fluid dynamics CFD
tip leakage flows
Opis:
This paper investigates the three-dimensional viscous ow in centrifugal impellers through theoretical analysis and numerical simulations, which is a summary of the authors' recent work. A quantitative evaluation of the dierent contributions to the streamwise vorticity is performed, namely, the passage vortices along the endwalls due to the ow turning; a passage vortex generated by the Coriolis forces proportional to the local loading and mainly active in the radial parts of the impeller; blade surface vortices due to the meridional curvature. In the numerical simulation the NASA Large Scale Centrifugal Compressor (LSCC) impeller with vaneless diuser is computed at three ow rates. An advanced Navier-Stokes solver, EURANUS/TURBO is applied with an algebraic turbulence model of Badwin-Lomax and a linear k-" model for closure, for dierent meshes. An in-depth validation has been performed based on the measured data. An excellent agreement is obtained for most of the data over a wide region of the ow passage. Structures of the 3D ow in the blade passage and the tip region, and their variations with ow rate as well, are analysed based on the numerical results.
Źródło:
TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk; 2001, 5, 4; 433-458
1428-6394
Pojawia się w:
TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Numerical investigation of the secondary flow development in turbine cascade
Autorzy:
Doerffer, P.
Rachwalski, J.
Magagnato, F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1955810.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska
Tematy:
turbines
computational fluid dynamics CFD
secondary flow
wind turbines
Opis:
The results represent the first attempt of the numerical analysis of 3-D secondary flows formed in the linear turbine cascade wind tunnel. Numerical simulations were carried out by means of the SPRC code. It was possible to make presented here calculations thanks to the cluster of PC's providing sufficient computational resources. In order to be able to verify the obtained results the case considered is the workshop test case (D.G.Gregory-Smith 1994 Turbomachinery Workshop Test Case No.3 116). It has been shown that the obtained results are in a very good agreement with experiment. It gave confidence in the results and several important conclusions concerning the development of streamwise vortices could be made thanks to the work carried out.
Źródło:
TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk; 2001, 5, 2; 165-178
1428-6394
Pojawia się w:
TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Numerical analysis of influence of selected elements on effectiveness of streamline rudder
Autorzy:
Abramowski, T.
Szelangiewicz, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/258696.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
streamline rudder
improvement of rudder effectiveness
computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
Opis:
During designing steering gear for large fast transport ships (e.g. container carriers), shipowners usually put forward strong demands concerning ship manoeuvrability. It means that streamline rudders should be characterized by a high effectiveness, i.e. fast increasing values of lifting force in function of rudder angle and large values of lifting force related to rudder area. As gabarites of streamline rudder depend on a form and draught of stern part of ship’s hull, an improvement of rudder effectiveness can be reached by an appropriate selection of rudder profile and application of additional elements to rudder blade. This paper presents results of numerical investigations (by using CFD methods) of hydrodynamic forces acting on rudder blades of the same gabarites but based on different profiles. Such calculations were also performed for selected rudder blades fitted with additional elements intended for the improving of rudder effectiveness.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2010, 3; 3-7
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Flameless oxidation at the GT26 gas turbine: numerical study via full chemistry
Autorzy:
Ochrymiuk, T.
Badur, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1955802.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska
Tematy:
combustion
full kinetics of chemical reaction
CFD
computational fluid dynamics CFD
flameless oxidation
flameless combustion
Opis:
Sequential combustion was first applied to gas turbines more than 40 years ago, and almost half of these early machines are still operating. This form of oxidation leads to the flame-less combustion at a second chamber. In GT26, the second stage combustor has 24 SEV burners which are similar in action to the well known ABB EV burner. In this paper, a 3D numerical simulation of the first EV combustor and the second SEV-combustor are performed for normal operating conditions (exhaust mass flow 542 kg/s, exhaust temperature 610 C). Physical modelling of the flame-less oxidation is based on an original implementation of the Gri-Mech mechanism (325 chemical reactions) into the Fluent 5.4. Precise estimation of NOx emission and other pollutants has been done.
Źródło:
TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk; 2001, 5, 2; 239-246
1428-6394
Pojawia się w:
TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wind turbine operation parameter characteristics at a given wind speed
Autorzy:
Kamiński, Z.
Czyż, Z.
Wendeker, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/103129.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
wind turbine
renewable energy
computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
numerical analysis
Opis:
This paper discusses the results of the CFD simulation of the flow around Vertical Axis Wind Turbine rotor. The examined rotor was designed following patent application no. 402214. The turbine operation is characterised by parameters, such as opening angle of blades, power, torque, rotational velocity at a given wind velocity. Those parameters have an impact on the performance of entire assembly. The distribution of forces acting on the working surfaces in the turbine can change, depending on the angle of rotor rotation. Moreover, the resultant force derived from the force acting on the oncoming and leaving blades should be as high as possible. Accordingly, those parameters were individually simulated over time for each blade in three complete rotations. The attempts to improve the performance of the entire system resulted in a new research trend to improve the performance of working turbine rotor blades.
Źródło:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal; 2014, 8, 22; 75-82
2299-8624
Pojawia się w:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modelling test of autothermal gasification process using CFD
Badanie modelowe autotermicznego procesu zgazowania z wykorzystaniem CFD
Autorzy:
Janoszek, T.
Stańczyk, K.
Smoliński, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/220144.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
numeryczna mechanika płynów CFD
proces zgazowania węgla
modelowanie numeryczne
computational fluid dynamics CFD
coal gasification process
numerical modelling
Opis:
There are many complex physical and chemical processes, which take place among the most notable are the chemical reactions, mass and energy transport, and phase transitions. The process itself takes place in a block of coal, which properties are variable and not always easy to determine in the whole volume. The complexity of the phenomena results in the need for a construction of a complex model in order to study the process on the basis of simulation. In the present study attempts to develop a numerical model of the fixed bed coal gasification process in homogeneous solid block with a given geometry were mode. On the basis of analysis and description of the underground coal gasification simulated in the ex-situ experiment, a numerical model of the coal gasification process was developed. The model was implemented with the use of computational fluid dynamic CFD methods. Simulations were conducted using commercial numerical CFD code and the results were verified with the experimental data.
W trakcie zgazowania węgla zachodzi wiele złożonych procesów fizykochemicznych, spośród których do najważniejszych można zaliczyć reakcje chemiczne, transport masy i energii oraz przemiany fazowe. Sam proces przebiega w bloku węgla, której właściwości są zmienne i nie zawsze łatwe do określenia w całej objętości. Złożoność zjawisk powoduje, że badanie procesu na podstawie symulacji wymaga skonstruowania złożonego modelu. W pracy podjęto próbę opracowania modelu numerycznego zgazowania węgla zachodzącego złożu jednorodnym o zadanej geometrii. Na podstawie dokonanych analiz oraz opisu eksperymentu zgazowania węgla przeprowadzanego w reaktorze doświadczalnym ex-situ, w której symulowano warunki PZW, został opracowany model zachodzących procesów. Model został zaimplementowany z wykorzystaniem metod numerycznej mechaniki płynów CFD (z ang. Computational Fluid Dynamics). Przeprowadzone zostały symulacje, a ich rezultaty zostały odniesione do rezultatów uzyskiwanych podczas eksperymentów.
Źródło:
Archives of Mining Sciences; 2017, 62, 2; 253-268
0860-7001
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Mining Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Numerical simulation of 3D viscous turbomachinery flow with high-resolution ENO scheme and modern turbulence model
Autorzy:
Yershov, S. V.
Rusanov, A. V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1967653.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska
Tematy:
CFD
computational fluid dynamics CFD
turbomachinery
Navier-Stokes equation
turbulence
Opis:
This paper presents the basic principles of construction of numerical models for 3D viscous turbulent flows through multi stage turbomachines. The great attention is given to such properties of the methods as accuracy, linear and non-linear stability, robustness and computational efficiency. It is shown that these properties can be guaranteed if the implicit Godunov’s type ENO scheme is used. A 3D code FLOWER has been developed within this concept. Using the code the numerical results are obtained for flows through high loaded compressor cascades, a turbine stage, a low-pressure multi stage turbine and a centrifugal compressor stage. The results of optimisation of a low-pressure turbine last stage are presented.
Źródło:
TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk; 2001, 5, 4; 459-476
1428-6394
Pojawia się w:
TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

Ta witryna wykorzystuje pliki cookies do przechowywania informacji na Twoim komputerze. Pliki cookies stosujemy w celu świadczenia usług na najwyższym poziomie, w tym w sposób dostosowany do indywidualnych potrzeb. Korzystanie z witryny bez zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies oznacza, że będą one zamieszczane w Twoim komputerze. W każdym momencie możesz dokonać zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies