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Tytuł:
Financial ratios and bank efficiency in Nigeria: a non-parametric analysis
Autorzy:
Sochima, A. H.
Iyafekhe, Ch.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/326725.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
NGAAP
ratios
Pre-IFRS
IFRS
wskaźniki
pre-IFRS
Opis:
The study examined the efficiency of banks Nigerian using financial ratios in pre and post IFRS regime. Specifically, the study was conducted through comparison of the ratios that were computed from IFRS- financial statements based and Nigerian GAAP-based financial reports of ten (10) commercial banks quoted on the floor of the Nigerian Stock Exchange as at 2015 (before IFRS commencement and after). Three financial ratios were selected from each of the four major categories; profitability, liquidity, leverage and investment. The paired sample t-test and Mann-Whitney test were employed in testing whether significant differences exist between the pair of ratios after the normality test has been ascertained by the Jarque-Berra tests through descriptive statistics. In all, the result shows major difference between profitability, liquidity, leverage and investment ratios of the sampled firms before and after IFRS adoption at 5% level. It is was recommended that longer years in the post-IFRS adoption period are required to ascertain IFRS benefits to Nigerian firms, in relation to financial ratios.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska; 2018, 116; 79-93
1641-3466
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Proposing a framework for airline service quality evaluation using Type-2 Fuzzy TOPSIS and non-parametric analysis
Autorzy:
Haghighat, N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2140837.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Fundacja Centrum Badań Socjologicznych
Tematy:
airline service quality
passenger satisfaction
non-parametric analysis
Type-2 Fuzzy Set
Fuzzy TOPSIS
Opis:
This paper focuses on evaluating airline service quality from the perspective of passengers' view. Until now a lot of researches has been performed in airline service quality evaluation in the world but a little research has been conducted in Iran, yet. In this study, a framework for measuring airline service quality in Iran is proposed. After reviewing airline service quality criteria, SSQAI model was selected because of its comprehensiveness in covering airline service quality dimensions. SSQAI questionnaire items were redesigned to adopt with Iranian airlines requirements and environmental circumstances in the Iran's economic and cultural context. This study includes fuzzy decision-making theory, considering the possible fuzzy subjective judgment of the evaluators during airline service quality evaluation. Fuzzy TOPSIS have been applied for ranking airlines service quality performances. Three major Iranian airlines which have the most passenger transfer volumes in domestic and foreign flights were chosen for evaluation in this research. Results demonstrated Mahan airline has got the best service quality performance rank in gaining passengers' satisfaction with delivery of high-quality services to its passengers, among the three major Iranian airlines. IranAir and Aseman airlines placed in the second and third rank, respectively, according to passenger's evaluation. Statistical analysis has been used in analyzing passenger responses. Due to the abnormality of data, Non-parametric tests were applied. To demonstrate airline ranks in every criterion separately, Friedman test was performed. Variance analysis and Tukey test were applied to study the influence of increasing in age and educational level of passengers on degree of their satisfaction from airline's service quality. Results showed that age has no significant relation to passenger satisfaction of airlines, however, increasing in educational level demonstrated a negative impact on passengers' satisfaction with airline's service quality.
Źródło:
Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics; 2017, 2, 2; 6-25
2520-2979
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The hazard function and its role in a non-parametric duration analysis of enterprises in the Łódzkie Voivodeship
Autorzy:
Mikulec, Artur
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/424857.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
enterprises
duration analysis
hazard function
cumulative hazard function
mean absolute percentage error
Opis:
In a duration analysis of enterprises, as a rule there are determined four basic functions related to the time of their duration, i.e.: the density function; the distribution function; the survival function, and the hazard function. It turns out that the hazard function and its cumulative version are the key to understanding modern survival analysis. The aim of the paper is to indicate the best method of the estimation of the values of individual functions in survival analysis based on other functions. The paper provides compiled and classified information on particular functions used in the non-parametric duration analysis of enterprises. It examines some theoretical and practical problems related to the determination of, among others, the hazard function and the cumulative hazard function on the basis of data in cohort tables and the results of the estimation of the survival function with the use of the Kaplan- Meier method. The considerations included in the paper are illustrated with the results of analyses for enterprises established in the Łódzkie Voivodeship in 2001-2015 (including those which went into liquidation).
Źródło:
Econometrics. Ekonometria. Advances in Applied Data Analytics; 2019, 23, 3; 59-75
1507-3866
Pojawia się w:
Econometrics. Ekonometria. Advances in Applied Data Analytics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fuzzy modeling and parametric analysis of non-traditional machining processes
Autorzy:
Chakraborty, Shankar
Das, Partha Protim
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/406928.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
non-traditional machining process
fuzzy model
process parameter
response
interaction plot
Opis:
The application of artificial intelligence (AI) in modeling of various machining processes has been the topic of immense interest among the researchers since several years. In this direction, the principle of fuzzy logic, a paradigm of AI technique, is effectively being utilized to predict various performance measures (responses) and control the parametric settings of those machining processes. This paper presents the application of fuzzy logic to model two non-traditional machining (NTM) processes, i.e. electrical discharge machining (EDM) and electrochemical machining (ECM) processes, while identifying the relationships present between the process parameters and the measured responses. Moreover, the interaction plots which are developed based on the past experimental observations depict the effects of changing values of different process parameters on the measured responses. The predicted response values derived from the developed models are observed to be in close agreement with those as investigated during the past experimental runs. The interaction plots also play significant roles in identifying the optimal parametric combinations so as to achieve the desired responses for the considered NTM processes.
Źródło:
Management and Production Engineering Review; 2019, 10, 3; 111-123
2080-8208
2082-1344
Pojawia się w:
Management and Production Engineering Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stopień i uwarunkowania internacjonalizacji polskich małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw
The Level and Determinants of Internationalization in Poland’s Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises
Autorzy:
Nowiński, Witold
Nowara, Wanda
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/574431.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-03-31
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie. Kolegium Analiz Ekonomicznych
Tematy:
internationalization
small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)
export intensity
geographical diversification
non-parametric Spearman correlation analysis
Mann-Whitney U test
multiple regression analysis
Opis:
The article deals with the determinants of the process of internationalization among small and medium-sized enterprises in Poland. In particular, Nowiński and Nowara set out to determine the relationship between the intensity of exports and the geographical diversification of exports, on the one hand, and variables such as the experience of companies on foreign markets, their size and the use of niche strategies, on the other. The analysis is based on empirical data obtained through a survey. Research methods used by the authors include non-parametric Spearman correlation analysis, Mann-Whitney U test, and multiple regression analysis. The results obtained show that the level of internationalization is related to factors such as company resources and skills as well as experience gained abroad-including both the experience of a company on export markets and experience brought to the company by international executives. The authors found a significant relationship between imports of intermediate goods and the level of internationalization of enterprises. On the other hand, there is no significant relationship between the level of internationalization and the size of a company, the authors say. Nowiński and Nowara conclude that the intensity of exports depends on factors such as a company’s export experience and the level of global integration in a sector, while the number of foreign markets targeted is less significant. Generally, the analyzed variables better reflect the intensity rather than geographical diversification of exports, the authors say.
Źródło:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics; 2011, 246, 3; 29-45
2300-5238
Pojawia się w:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Optical methods in the grain-size analysis of fine-grained sediments
Autorzy:
Issmer, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2059416.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
optical method
grain-size analysis
Kołmogorow-Smirnow non-parametric test
Opis:
Optical methods now dominate the grain-size analysis of fine-grained sediments, because of their rapidity. The growing application of optical methods leads to statistical comparison of their results against those from sedimentation methods. Here, the Kołmogorow-Smirnow non-parametric test is demonstrated. Most agreement exists in the 50-20 and 20-6 mm fraction. In order to compare the optical and the combined methods, correlation ratios were calculated for all commonly used grain-size fractions. Regression equations were established for the 50-20 mm fraction.
Źródło:
Geological Quarterly; 2000, 44, 2; 205-210
1641-7291
Pojawia się w:
Geological Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Indebtedness, Fiscal Discipline and Development Spending – A Non-parametric Approach
Autorzy:
Sinha, Ram Pratap
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2075409.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Indian states
fiscal performance
efficiency
data envelopment analysis
bootstrap
Opis:
Indian states exhibit considerable heterogeneity in terms of revenue mobilizing capacities and efforts, development spending and fiscal dependence on the central government. In this context, the paper compares the fiscal performance of major Indian states in terms of two non-parametric performance evaluation models for the period 2009–10 to 2014–15. The study thus uses the conventional two stage framework for efficiency evaluation as well as the two stage conditional performance model. The outcomes enable us to identify front-runners as well as laggards in the area of fiscal management. Further, the study showed that the gross capital formation experienced by the states significantly influences state performance in India. However, the impact of outstanding liabilities on efficiency performance was statistically insignificant
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics; 2021, 2; 147-173
2080-0886
2080-119X
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Data Envelopment Analysis in Performance Auditing - Measurement of Efficiency
Autorzy:
Karliński, Wiesław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2153750.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-08
Wydawca:
Najwyższa Izba Kontroli
Tematy:
performance auditing
performance measurement
non-parametric methods
benchmarking
DEA
data envelope method
Opis:
One of the objectives of performance auditing is to examine and assess the efficiency of the audited processes, programmes and organisations. To this end, the ratio method is usually used (the relation between output and input). However, it is faulty and has several significant limitations. Simultaneously, more advanced analytical methods are often considered as too complicated. The author, apart from discussing the basic issues, including the definition of efficiency, focuses on the application of the so called non-parametric methods for assessing efficiency, especially the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. This method is known in academic circles, but it is also frequently applied in evaluation and benchmarking in business and in the public sector, and is recommended by various institutions and government agencies in many countries. Although the DEA is used by some audit institutions, it still seems to be not very common in auditing. In his article the author presents, in the most accessible manner possible, the idea of the DEA method, simple tools for its application and case studies.
Źródło:
Kontrola Państwowa; 2022, 67, 4 (405); 46-66
0452-5027
Pojawia się w:
Kontrola Państwowa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
COMPARISON OF THE DETERMINISTIC AND STOCHASTIC APPROACHES FOR ESTIMATING TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY ON THE EXAMPLE OF NON-PARAMETRIC DEA AND PARAMETRIC SFA METHODS
Autorzy:
Bezat, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/453190.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Katedra Ekonometrii i Statystyki
Tematy:
"efficiency measuring
Stochastic Frontier Approach
Data Envelopment Analysis
Decision Making Units "
Opis:
The author considers in the article estimation of the technical efficiency, which measures the ability of the company to obtain the maximum output from given inputs or to use the minimum input to achieve given outputs. The comparison of two approaches: deterministic (on the example of Data Envelopment Analysis) and stochastic (on the example of Stochastic Frontier Approach) has been carried out, the advantages and disadvantages of both were also described. These methods were chosen because they have become popular in polish research. In the article the possible limitations and problems, which may influence results of studies conducted by using these methods, were considered.
Źródło:
Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych; 2009, 10, 1; 20-29
2082-792X
Pojawia się w:
Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Porównanie parametrycznych i nieparametrycznych miar stabilności na podstawie wyników doświadczeń wstępnych z żytem ozimym
Comparison of parametric and non-parametric stability measures on the basis of data from preliminary trials with winter rye
Autorzy:
Ukalska, Joanna
Śmiałowski, Tadeusz
Ukalski, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2198136.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-09-30
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
analiza skupień
formy mieszańcowe
formy populacyjne
parametryczne i nieparametryczne miary stabilności
plon ziarna
żyto ozime
cluster analysis
grain yield
hybrid lines
open-pollinated lines
parametric and non-parametric stability measures
winter rye
Opis:
W pracy analizowano stabilność plonowania 12 form populacyjnych i 18 mieszańcowych żyta ozimego badanych w doświadczeniach wstępnych prowadzonych w 2009 roku w 6 miejscowościach. Celem pracy było porównanie parametrycznych i nieparametrycznych miar stabilności oraz wskazanie stabilnie i wysoko plonujących genotypów żyta ozimego. Zastosowano 17 miar stabilności, wśród których wydzielono, na podstawie hierarchicznej analizy skupień, 3 grupy. Grupa 1 to miary wskazujące na stabilność dynamiczną silnie skorelowane ze średnią genotypową: Pi, Di, YS i TOP; grupa 2 — miary służące do wyznaczania genotypów o przeciętnym plonie ale wysokiej stabilności: bi, α Si2 i CV; grupa 3 — miary stabilności w sensie statycznym wskazujące genotypy do uprawy ekstensywnej: Si(1), Si(2), Si(3) i Si(6), Sdi2, λ, θ, Wi i D2. Wśród genotypów populacyjnych stabilnymi i wysoko plonującymi rodami były CHD 62 i CHD 43. Rody te mogą być stosowane w uprawie intensywnej. Ród populacyjny CHD 17, ze względu na średni plon i wysoki poziom stabilności może znaleźć zastosowanie w uprawie ekstensywnej. Wśród genotypów mieszańcowych rodami wysoko plonującymi i wysoko stabilnymi wskazanymi do uprawy intensywnej były CHD 548, CHD 516, CHD 621, SMH 8121 i SMH 8240.
Yield stability of 12 open-pollinated and 18 hybrid genotypes of winter rye was assessed in preliminary trials conducted in 6 locations in 2009. The aim of this work was to compare parametric and non-parametric stability measures and to indicate stable and high yielding genotypes of winter rye. On the basis of hierarchical cluster analysis 17 stability measures were classified into three groups. The first group related to the dynamic concept of stability and strongly correlated with mean yield included the parameters: Pi, Di, YS and TOP; the second group — stability measures pointing stable genotypes with average yield included: bi, α Si2 i CV; the third group — stability measures reflecting the concept of static stability and indicating genotypes for extensive cultivation included Si(1), Si(2), Si(3) i Si(6), Sdi2, λ, θ, Wi i D2. Among the open-pollinated genotypes stable and high yielding ones were CHD62 and CHD 43. On account of average yield open-pollinated line CHD 17 can be used in extensive cultivation. High yielding and highly stable hybrid lines destined for intensive cultivation were CHD 548, CHD 516, CHD 621, SMH 8121 i SMH 8240.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Instytutu Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin; 2011, 260/261; 263-272
0373-7837
2657-8913
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Instytutu Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Efficiency of Third Age Universities in Poland: a non-Parametric DEA Approach
Autorzy:
Brzezicki, Łukasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2107710.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-25
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie
Tematy:
data envelopment analysis
DEA
efficiency
higher education
third age universities
Opis:
The growing number of the elderly in many countries has made it necessary to develop a wellthought-out policy. In the European Union, the concept of lifelong learning is being promoted which includes third-age universities aimed to activate the elderly through education, learning, expanding knowledge and developing interests, as well as a way of actively spending free time and meeting new people. Third age universities (U3A) have been operating in Poland for over 40 years, but they are very rarely analysed. This article measures the efficiency of twenty U3As operating within state universities in Poland in the 2017/2018 academic year. A non-radial SBM model, which is a non-parametric DEA method, was used to analyse efficiency. The results show that seven U3As were 100% efficient. Two were in a quantitative (number of students) or a qualitative (number of classes) model, and five in both models simultaneously. However, most universities focused on the number of students rather than the number of classes offered to their students.
Źródło:
Przedsiębiorczość - Edukacja; 2020, 16, 2; 141-151
2083-3296
2449-9048
Pojawia się w:
Przedsiębiorczość - Edukacja
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Using a non-parametric technique to evaluate the efficiency of a logistics company
Autorzy:
Průša, Petr
Jovčić, Stefan
Samson, Josef
Kozubíková, Zuzana
Kozubík, Aleš
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1841211.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
warehouse
logistics
efficiency
data envelopment analysis
decision-making unit
magazyn
logistyka
efektywność
Data Envelopment Analysis
jednostka decyzyjna
Opis:
Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a relatively new method, a nonparametric technique used nowadays to evaluate the efficiency of the Decision-Making Units. Using this method, the Decision-Making Units can be compared between each other and the most effective ones can be found. Using the DEA method, the performance of a logistic company with twelve warehouses as DMUs is evaluated in this paper. "DEA Excel Solver" user program was used to solve the problem.
Źródło:
Transport Problems; 2020, 15, 1; 155-161
1896-0596
2300-861X
Pojawia się w:
Transport Problems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Efektywność funkcjonowania urzędów marszałkowskich w Polsce w ujęciu nieparametrycznym
A non-parametric approach to effectiveness of marshal’s offices in Poland
Autorzy:
Figiel, Szczepan
Michalak, Jacek
Rutkowska, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/590557.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
Tematy:
Administracja publiczna
Efektywność
Metoda Data Envelopment Analysis
Efficiency
Data Envelopment Analysis method
Public administration
Opis:
Niniejszy artykuł dotyczy szeroko pojętej problematyki efektywności funkcjonowania administracji publicznej. Przedmiotem przeprowadzonych badań własnych była efektywność funkcjonowania urzędów marszałkowskich w Polsce w latach 2005-2012. Celem badań było określenie stopnia zróżnicowania efektywności ich funkcjonowania oraz wskazanie potencjalnych przyczyn tego zjawiska. Pomiaru efektywności dokonano w ujęciu nieparametrycznym z zastosowaniem metody DEA. Opracowano także ranking urzędów marszałkowskich pod względem efektywności ich funkcjonowania. Na podstawie przeprowadzonej analizy optymalizacyjnej określono natomiast różnice między wielkościami faktycznie ponoszonych kosztów utrzymania przez poszczególne urzędy marszałkowskie a optymalnym ich poziomem zapewniającym efektywność funkcjonowania przy założeniu stałych efektów. Wyniki przeprowadzonych badań stanowiły podstawę do sformułowania rekomendacji dotyczących podjęcia niezbędnych działań służących poprawie efektywności funkcjonowania urzędów marszałkowskic.
The article deals with the broadly understood issue of the effectiveness of public administration. The subject of the conducted research was the effectiveness of marshal’s offices in Poland in 2005-2012. The aim of the research was to determine the degree of diversification of the effectiveness of their functioning and to indicate the potential causes of this situation. The measurement of effectiveness was non-parametric and it was conducted using the DEA method. On the basis of the identified differences in effectiveness, a ranking of marshal’s offices was compiled given their effectiveness. Based on the conducted optimization analysis, the differences between the levels of the marshal’s offices actually incurred maintenance costs and their optimal levels ensuring operational efficiency under the assumption of constant effects were determined. The results of the conducted research were fundamental to formulating recommendations regarding necessary actions that have to be taken in order to improve the effectiveness of the marshal’s offices.
Źródło:
Studia Ekonomiczne; 2018, 351; 188-201
2083-8611
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ekonomiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Unbiased Estimation of Survival Probabilities for Censored Data with Known Censoring Times
Nieobciążona estymacja prawdopodobieństw przeżycia w modelu z obserwowalnymi czasami cenzurowania
Autorzy:
Rossa, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/904687.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
survival analysis
censored data
non-parametric estimation
Reduced-Sample Estimator
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 2005, 194
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Non-Parametric Test for the Existence of the Common Deterministic Cycle: The Case of the Selected European Countries
Autorzy:
Lenart, Łukasz
Pipień, Mateusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2076426.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
testing deterministic cycles
subsampling
spectral analysis
almostperiodic mean function
Almost Periodically Correlated time series
Opis:
The aim of the article is to construct an asymptotically consistent test, based on a subsampling approach, to verify hypothesis about existence of the individual or common deterministic cycle in coordinates of multivariate macroeconomic time series. By the deterministic cycle we mean the periodic or almost periodic fluctuations in the mean function in cyclical fluctuations. To construct test we formulate a multivariate non-parametric model containing the business cycle component in the unconditional mean function. The construction relies on the Fourier representation of the unconditional expectation of the multivariate Almost Periodically Correlated time series and is related to fixed deterministic cycle presented in the literature. The analysis of the existence of common deterministic business cycles for selected European countries is presented based on monthly industrial production indexes. Our main findings from the empirical part is that the deterministic cycle can be strongly supported by the data and therefore should not be automatically neglected during analysis without justification.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics; 2017, 3; 201-241
2080-0886
2080-119X
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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