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    Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7
    Tytuł:
    Determination of deoxynivalenol and nivalenol producing chemotypes of Fusarium graminearum isolated from durum wheat in different Italian regions.
    Autorzy:
    Prodi, A.
    Salomoni, D.
    Bertacchini, E.
    Alkadri, D.
    Pisi, A.
    Tonti, S.
    Alberti, I.
    Dal Prà, M.
    Pancaldi, D.
    Covarelli, L.
    Nipoti, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199616.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011-12-20
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
    Tematy:
    DON and NIV chemotypes
    durum wheat
    Fusarium Head Blight
    Tri12
    Opis:
    Durum wheat production in Italy is economically of great importance. Fusarium graminearum is the main fusarium head blight (FHB) causal agent in wheat, reducing both yield and grain quality. F. graminearum produces several mycotoxins and, among trichothecenes, deoxynivalenol (DON) and nivalenol (NIV) are the most studied for their toxicity towards humans and animals. DON-producing isolates can be further distin- guished on the basis of the predominant acetyl-DON derivative in 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON) or 15- acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-ADON). In order to evaluate possible mycotoxin contamination risks in food, it is very important to know which chemotype is the prevalent in a F. graminearum population. F. graminearum sensu stricto strains were collected from symptomatic durum wheat heads and grains of several naturally infected fields located mostly in Emilia – Romagna, The Marche, Lazio, Tuscany and Umbria. A multiplex PCR in the region of genes Tri12, located in the terminal gene cluster of trichothecenes, was used to characterize 187 single-spore isolates of F. graminearum as NIV, 3-ADON and 15-ADON chemotypes. All the three chemotypes were present in the F. graminearum population studied. The most frequent chemotype was 15-ADON (83.4%), followed by 3-ADON (10.7%) and NIV (5.9%). NIV-producing isolates were found only in Emilia-Romagna (3.5%), Umbria (33.3%) and The Marche (5.7%).
    Źródło:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2011, 64; 75-80
    1429-3862
    2083-599X
    Pojawia się w:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Infection Process and Mycotoxin Production in Fusarium Culmorum-infected Maize Ears
    Autorzy:
    Oldenburg, Elisabeth
    Ellner, Frank
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199599.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011-06-21
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
    Tematy:
    Acetyl-deoxynivaleno
    deoxynivalenol
    kernels
    nivalenol
    pathogenesis
    rachis
    red ear rot
    zearalenone
    Opis:
    Red ear rot of maize is an important disease in Europe caused by toxigenic Fusarium species like F.  graminearum and F. culmorum. To get detailed information about the pathogenesis of the disease and the  Fusarium toxin production in infected ears a field study was conducted with maize which was artificially  inoculated with F. culmorum at the stage of female flowering. Every fortnight after inoculation, maize ears of  two varieties were harvested and analysed for the progress of visual signs of the disease and related Fusarium  toxin contamination. During the last harvest in mid October, external infection symptoms showing some small  pale or brown-marbled kernels with dark brown rachillae were only observed at the ear tip, whereas internal  symptoms visible within the rachis were much more pronounced and showed greyish –brownish or pink discolouration of the pith. The symptoms observed in rachis and kernels corresponded with the toxin contamination showing considerably higher concentrations in the rachis compared to the kernels and a top-down gradient from high to low toxin levels within the ear. This suggests that F. culmorum first infects the rachis from  the tip towards the bottom, as it subsequently does the kernels via the rachillae connected to the rachis. As  infection symptoms and mycotoxin production were much more pronounced in the rachis than in the kernels, red ear rot evaluation should be improved by observing signs of the disease in both kernels and the rachis.
    Źródło:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2011, 63; 59-66
    1429-3862
    2083-599X
    Pojawia się w:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Levels of fungi and mycotoxins in the samples of grain and grain dust collected from five various cereal crops in Eastern Poland
    Autorzy:
    Krysinska-Traczyk, E
    Perkowski, J.
    Dutkiewicz, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/50801.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Wsi
    Tematy:
    nivalenol
    mycotoxin
    rye
    Polska
    grain
    corn
    dust
    fungi
    ochratoxin A
    Fusarium
    occupational exposure
    deoxynivalenol
    barley
    cereal
    farmer
    oat
    grain dust
    Opis:
    During combine harvesting of 5 various cereal crops (rye, barley, oats, buckwheat, corn) 24 samples of grain and 24 samples of settled grain dust were collected on farms located in the Lublin province of eastern Poland. The samples were examined for the concentration of total microfungi, Fusarium species, deoxynivalenol (DON), nivalenol (NIV), and ochratoxin A (OTA). Microfungi able to grow on malt agar were present in 79.2% of grain samples and in 91.7% of grain dust samples in the concentrations of 1.0-801.3 × 103 cfu/g and 1.5-12440.0 × 103 cfu/g, respectively. The concentration of microfungi in grain dust samples was signifi cantly greater than in grain samples (p<0.01). Fusarium strains were isolated from 54.2% of grain samples and from 58.3% of grain dust samples in the concentrations of 0.1-375.0 × 103 cfu/g and 4.0-7,700.0 × 103 cfu/g, respectively. They were found in all samples of grain and grain dust from rye, barley and corn, but only in 0-16.7% of samples of grain and grain dust from oats and buckwheat. DON was found in 79.2% of grain samples and in 100% of grain dust samples in the concentrations of 0.001-0.18 μg/g and 0.006-0.283 μg/g, respectively. NIV was detected in 62.5% of grain samples and in 94.4% of grain dust samples in the concentrations of 0.004-0.502 μg/g and 0.005-0.339 μg/g, respectively. OTA was detected in 58.3% of grain samples and in 91.7% of grain dust samples in the concentrations of 0.00039- 0.00195 μg/g and 0.00036-0.00285 μg/g, respectively. The concentrations of DON, total fusariotoxins (DON + NIV) and OTA were signifi cantly greater in grain dust samples than in grain samples (p<0.05, p<0.05, and p<0.001, respectively). The concentration of Fusarium poae in the samples of rye grain and dust was signifi cantly correlated with the concentrations of DON (p<0.05), NIV (p<0.01), and total fusariotoxins (p<0.05). Similarly, the concentration of Fusarium culmorum in the samples of barley grain and dust was signifi cantly correlated with the concentration of total fusariotoxins (p<0.05). A signifi cant correlation was also found between the concentration of total fungi grown on malt agar and the concentration of OTA (p<0.05). In conclusion, although the concentration of DON, NIV and OTA in the samples of grain dust collected from 5 various cereals on farms in eastern Poland was not large, the persistent presence of these mycotoxins in over 90% of examined samples poses a potential health risk of chronic respiratory intoxication for exposed grain farmers.
    Źródło:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2007, 14, 1
    1232-1966
    Pojawia się w:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Occurrence and concentration of mycotoxins in grass silage from selected farms
    Częstotliwość występowania i zawartość mykotoksyn w kiszonce z runi łąkowej w wybranych gospodarstwach
    Autorzy:
    Kiliszczyk, Anna
    Kierasińska, Katarzyna
    Wróbel, Barbara
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/336691.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Maszyn Rolniczych
    Tematy:
    cut
    deoxynivalenol
    NPK
    manure
    nivalenol
    T2 toxins
    HT2 toxins
    roquefortine C
    zearalenone
    pokos
    deoksyniwalenol
    obornik
    niwalenol
    toksyna T2
    toksyna HT2
    roquefortyna C
    zearalenon
    Opis:
    The aim of the study was to assess the frequency of occurrence and concentrations of mycotoxins in grass silages depending on meadow location, term of harvest and type of fertilizer used. The research material consisted of 24 grass silage samples collected in 2013 from three farms located in: Falenty, Kodeń and Kąty. The following mycotoxins were evaluated: deoxynivalenol (DON), nivalenol (NIV), T2 and HT2 toxin, zearalenone (ZEA) and roquefortine C (ROQ C). 22 samples were positive for at least one mycotoxin. The most frequently detected toxins were NIV (14 samples contaminated), DON and ZEA (10 samples). The concentration of mycotoxins in silage samples coming from individual farms varied and significant differences between farms were obtained only in the case of T2 toxin and ZEA. Silage made out of sward from the third cut was more likely to be contaminated, than silage made out of sward from the first cut. The type of fertilizer had no significant impact on mycotoxin concentrations except for NIV and HT2 toxin.
    Celem pracy była ocena częstotliwości występowania i zawartości mykotoksyn w kiszonce z runi łąkowej w zależności od lokalizacji gospodarstwa, terminu zbioru runi łąkowej oraz rodzaju nawożenia stosowanego do nawożenia łąki. Materiał badawczy stanowiły 24 próbki sianokiszonki pobrane w 2013 r. w trzech gospodarstwach: w Falentach, Kodniu i Kątach. Oceniono zawartość następujących mykotoksyn i toksyn: deoksyniwalenolu (DON), niwalenolu (NIV), toksyn T2 i HT2, zearalenonu (ZEA) i roquefortyny C (ROQ C). 22 próbki były skażone co najmniej jedną mykotoksyną. Najczęściej wykrywanymi toksynami były NIV (14 próbek) DON i ZEA (po 10 próbek). Zawartość poszczególnych mykotoksyn w próbkach kiszonki pochodzących z poszczególnych gospodarstw była bardzo zróżnicowana, ale istotne różnice między gospodarstwami stwierdzono tylko w przypadku dwóch mykotoksyn: toksyny T-2 i ZEA. Kiszonki sporządzone z runi łąkowej zebranej w trzecim pokosie zwykle były bardziej zanieczyszczone niż kiszonki z pierwszego pokosu. Rodzaj nawożenia nie miał istotnego wpływu na poziom skażenia mykotoksynami, z wyjątkiem toksyn NIV i HT2
    Źródło:
    Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering; 2019, 64, 3; 20-24
    1642-686X
    2719-423X
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Species of the genus Fusarium and Fusarium toxins in the grain of winter and spring wheat in Poland
    Gatunki z rodzaju Fusarium oraz toksyny fuzaryjne w ziarnie pszenicy ozimej i jarej w Polsce
    Autorzy:
    Góral, Tomasz
    Ochodzki, Piotr
    Nielsen, Linda Kærgaard
    Walentyn-Góral, Dorota
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199229.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-11-17
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
    Tematy:
    deoksyniwalenol
    DNA
    fuzarioza kłosów
    niwalenol
    real-time PCR
    trichoteceny
    zearalenon
    deoxynivalenol
    Fusarium head blight
    nivalenol
    trichothecenes
    zearalenone
    Opis:
    The aim of the study was to determine the presence of Fusarium species and mycotoxins in wheat grain from harvest in 2009 and 2010 in Poland. Samples from different locations were analyzed for the content of DNA of Fusarium species and mycotoxins. In 2009, DNA of F. graminearum and F. poae was present in all samples, F. culmorum in 82% of samples, and F. avenaceum in 55% of samples. In 2010, the highest content of DNA was found for F. graminearum followed by F. avenaceum, F. poae and F. langsethiae. The amount of F. culmorum DNA was very low. The most frequently occurring species were F. poae and F. graminearum, however, the amount of F. poae DNA was lower. In 2009, deoxynivalenol was detected in all samples. In 2010, the average content of deoxynivalenol was lower than in 2009. Nivalenol was detected at very low concentration in both years. Significant correlations between content of F. graminearum DNA and deoxynivalenol concentration in the grain and between content of F. poae DNA and nivalenol concentration in the grain in 2009 were found.
    Celem badania było określenie obecności gatunków Fusarium i mykotoksyn występujących w ziarnie pszenicy w Polsce w latach 2009 i 2010. Próby ziarna pochodzące z różnych regionów Polski zostały przeanalizowane pod kątem zawartości DNA grzybów z rodzaju Fusarium oraz mykotoksyn. W 2009 roku DNA F. graminearum i F. poae było obecne we wszystkich próbach, F. culmorum w 82% prób, F. avenaceum w 55% próbek. W 2010 r. najwyższą zawartość DNA stwierdzono dla F. graminearum, a następnie F. avenaceum, F. poae i F. langsethiae. Ilość DNA F. culmorum była bardzo niska. Najczęściej występującymi gatunkami były F. poae i F. graminearum. Jednakże ilość DNA F. poae była niższa. W 2009 r. we wszystkich próbach wykryto deoksyniwalenol. W 2010 r. średnia zawartość deoksyniwalenolu była niższa niż w 2009 r. Niwalenol wykryto w bardzo niskim stężeniu w obu latach. Stwierdzono istotność korelacji między zawartością DNA F. graminearum a stężeniem deoksyniwalenolu w ziarnie oraz między zawartością DNA F. poae a stężeniem niwalenolu w ziarnie w 2009 r.
    Źródło:
    Biuletyn Instytutu Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin; 2021, 296; 25-42
    0373-7837
    2657-8913
    Pojawia się w:
    Biuletyn Instytutu Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Detection of nivalenol and deoxynivalenol chemotypes produced by Fusarium graminearum species complex isolated from barley in Iran using specific PCR assays
    Autorzy:
    Chehri, K.
    Godini, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66014.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    detection
    nivalenol
    deoxynivalenol
    Fusarium graminearum
    isolation
    polymerase chain reaction
    barley
    trichothecene
    Iran
    Opis:
    In order to identify trichothecenes chemotypes produced by Fusarium graminearum species complex (FGSC) isolated from barley, 68 barley samples were collected from markets in Kermanshah and Hamedan provinces, Iran. Thirty-one Fusarium isolates were obtained from grains and morphologically classified into three species FGSC (14), F. equiseti (9), and F. proliferatum (8). The identification of the members of FGSC was confirmed molecularly using Fg16F/Fg16R primers. Fusarium asiaticum isolates (4) were distinguished from other FGSC using Fg6CTPSf177/Fg16R primers. Polymerase chain reaction-based (PCRbased) detection of mycotoxin-synthesis-pathway gene was also used to determine the potential of the analysed strains to produce deoxynivalenol (DON), 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-AcDON), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-AcDON), and nivalenol (NIV). Of 14 tested isolates, 10 and 4 isolates belonged to DON and NIV chemotype, respectively. Also, the results of DON chemotype survey using specific primers MinusTri7F/R and Tri315F/R showed 1 and 9 isolates produced 3-AcDON and 15-AcDON, respectively. These results show that DON was the most common chemotype in western Iran. To our knowledge, this is the first report on 15-AcDON, 3-AcDON, and NIV isolated from barley in Iran.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2017, 57, 3
    1427-4345
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Plant Protection Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Yield reduction and mycotoxin accumulation in barley doubled haploids inoculated with Fusarium culmorum [W.G.Sm.] Sacc.
    Autorzy:
    Adamski, T
    Chelkowski, J.
    Golinski, P.
    Kaczmarek, Z.
    Kostecki, M.
    Perkowski, J.
    Surma, M.
    Wisniewska, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2043900.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1999
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    nivalenol
    mycotoxin accumulation
    deoxynivalenol
    doubled haploid
    Fusarium culmorum
    barley
    head blight
    yield reduction
    Źródło:
    Journal of Applied Genetics; 1999, 40, 2; 73-84
    1234-1983
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Applied Genetics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7

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