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Tytuł:
The influence of Fusarium ear infection on the maize yield and mycotoxin content (Transylvania-Romania).
Autorzy:
Nagy, E.
Haş, V.
Haş, I.
Suciu, A.
Florian, V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199607.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-12-20
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
maize ear rot
Fusarium infection
mycotoxin content
Opis:
Maize is the host for a large number of pathogens, which invade all of its organs from the germination until being harvest, ear and grain infection often persistent even during storage. Diseases, through their symptoms reduce significantly the quantity and the quality of yield, estimated between 7-17% but, in the favorable years for this disease, they can be much greater. Fusarium diseases reduce yield value and quality by massive accumulation of Fusarium mycelium biomass (about 85%) on grain and ears and by mycotoxin contamination such as deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEA) and fumonisins (FUM). In this paper are presented aspects regarding the reaction of some maize hybrids under Fusarium  spp. natural and artificial infections; the effect of Fusarium  ear infection on yield, grain chemical composition, and mycotoxin content; the correlation between ear rot disease degree and yield ability, starch, protein and fat content. ANOVA evidenced the significant influence of experimental factors: infection conditions with Fusarium spp., maize genotypes, and their interaction on expression of the disease degree, yield capacity, protein, starch, fat and DON content. Average yield losses ranged between 7,0-9,3% during the experimental period. The hybrids Turda Star and Turda Favorit were more resistant to Fusarium ear rot, and Turda 165 was the most susceptible one. The artificial infection of ear with Fusarium spp. determined significantly decrease of starch and fat content and increases the protein and DON content for the most part of maize hybrids. Between rot diseased kernels and DON content a positive correlation was determined.
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2011, 64; 35-44
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Factors determining accumulation of mycotoxin producers in cereal grain during harvesting
Autorzy:
Lugauskas, A
Raila, A.
Zvicevicius, E.
Railiene, M.
Novosinskas, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/51709.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Wsi
Tematy:
mycotoxin
human health
determination
harvesting
cereal grain
environmental factor
micromycete
accumulation
toxin
food safety
Opis:
During the meteorologically contrasting period of 2003-2005, the contamination of winter wheat, malt barley and fodder barley grain with micromycetes during grain harvesting and preparation for storage was investigated. Micromycetes of over 70 species ascribed to 16 genera were isolated and identifi ed, the density of their populations in grain was determined. Micromycetes with a population density of >50% were attributed to dominant species. Short biological characteristic, ecological peculiarities of the dominating micromycetes are provided; factors determining intensity of their development and abilities to synthesise and excrete toxic metabolites are indicated. The importance of grain drying for stabilisation of its contamination with micromycete propagules is highlighted. It is noted that in grain dried in shaft dryer using air at 90°C the number of cfu (colony forming units) was reduced from 2.2 to 8.2 times. When active ventilation is applied, conditions favourable for the development of micromycetes remain longest in the upper layers of the mound. The airfl ow passing through the layer of damp grain inhibits the development of micromycetes, but an increase of comparative air fl ow for more than 500 m3·(t·h)-1 did not reduce the abundance of micromycete cfu. After drying Alternaria alternata, Fusarium avenaceum, F. culmorum, Penicillum verrucosum dominated in wheat grain; Aspergillus fl avus, Bipolaris sorokiniana, Fusarium chlamydosporum, F. culmorum, F. tricinctum in malts barley grain; Fusarium avenaceum, F. culmorum, F. tricinctum, Alternaria alternata in fodder barley grain. It has been determined that all micromycetes recorded on grain after drying are potential producers of toxic metabolites, i.e. are hazardous to human health.
Źródło:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2007, 14, 1
1232-1966
Pojawia się w:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Microflora and mycotoxin contamination in poultry feed mixtures from western Poland
Autorzy:
Cegielska-Radziejewska, R.
Stuper, K.
Szablewski, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/50737.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Wsi
Opis:
Objective: Contamination of feeds with pathogenic microflora and mycotoxins constitutes a serious threat both for animals and humans. The aim of the study was to determine the degree of risk of the occurrence of microscopic fungi, selected bacteria and mycotoxins from the trichothecene group in poultry feeds in western Poland. Results: In feed mixtures, the concentration of ergosterol (ERG), being a specific quantitative biomarker for the content of microscopic fungi, was determined. Grower and finisher feeds were characterized by a higher count of bacteria and fungi in comparison to starter feeds. A considerable variation was found in the amount of ergosterol in analyzed feeds. Mean ergosterol content in feeds amounted to 19.34 mg/kg. The most common genera of fungi detected in the tested feeds included Aspergillus, Rhizopus and Mucor. Irrespective of the type of feed, the proportion of trichothecenes group B was five times higher than that of trichothecenes group A in relation to the total content of these mycotoxins in samples. In terms of the analyzed mycotoxins, feeds contained the highest concentration of deoxynivalenol (DON). A statistically significant correlation was shown between DON and ERG and between total trichothecenes and ERG. Conclusion: Recorded results indicate that the level of microbiological contamination in feeds for broiler chickens produced in western Poland is within the requirements of the binding standards.
Źródło:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2013, 20, 1
1232-1966
Pojawia się w:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Yield reduction and mycotoxin accumulation in barley doubled haploids inoculated with Fusarium culmorum [W.G.Sm.] Sacc.
Autorzy:
Adamski, T
Chelkowski, J.
Golinski, P.
Kaczmarek, Z.
Kostecki, M.
Perkowski, J.
Surma, M.
Wisniewska, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2043900.pdf
Data publikacji:
1999
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
nivalenol
mycotoxin accumulation
deoxynivalenol
doubled haploid
Fusarium culmorum
barley
head blight
yield reduction
Źródło:
Journal of Applied Genetics; 1999, 40, 2; 73-84
1234-1983
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Applied Genetics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Genetic determination of variability of barley doubled haploids inoculated with Fusarium culmorum [W.G.Sm.] Sacc. with regard to mycotoxin accumulation and reduction in yield traits
Autorzy:
Surma, M
Adamski, T.
Chelkowski, J.
Golinski, P.
Kaczmarek, Z.
Kostecki, M.
Perkowski, J.
Wisniewska, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2042185.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
mycotoxin
heritability
doubled haploid
Fusarium culmorum
yield
barley
accumulation
genetic parameter
reduction
Źródło:
Journal of Applied Genetics; 2000, 41, 4; 237-246
1234-1983
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Applied Genetics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fusarium and Aspergillus mycotoxins effects on dairy cow health, performance and the efficacy of Anti-Mycotoxin Additive
Autorzy:
Jovaisiene, J.
Bakutis, B.
Baliukoniene, V.
Gerulis, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31181.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Opis:
One hundred two samples of feeds made in Lithuania, which included maize silage, grass-legume silage, hay and ensiled crimped maize were investigated during 2008-2012 for contamination with some mycotoxins. The highest concentrations of mycotoxins determined were those of deoxynivalenol (DON) – 471.0 μg/kg and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) – 21.2 μg/kg in ryegrass silage from bales, and zearalenone (ZEA) – 625.0 μg/kg in maize silage from trenches. The present study has been carried out based on these data because animal feeds contaminated with mycotoxins can cause reduced productivity of dairy cows and health disorders in the long term. The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term exposure of toxic effects of a diet naturally contaminated with low concentrations of mycotoxins on milk composition and biochemical, hematological, immunological parameters of dairy cows and to determine the anti-mycotoxin effect of Mycofix Plus 3.E. Twenty eight clinically healthy, medium productive Lithuanian Red cows were selected. ZEA was a major contaminant found in the corn silage at concentration levels of up to 1000.0 μg/kg of dry matter. DON was the second major found in the hay at concentration levels of up to 600.0 μg/kg of dry matter. The highest concentration AFB1- 10.0 μg/kg was determined in ground barley. The Anti-Mycotoxin Additive (AMA) Mycofix Plus 3.E was given individually to 14 cows at a concentration of 40.0 g daily for 9 weeks. The present results indicate that feeds naturally contaminated with low concentration of mycotoxins produced by Fusarium spp. and Aspergillus spp. in a diet of dairy cows can have a negative influence on somatic cell count, blood parameters and immunity. The addition of an Anti-Mycotoxin Additive (Mycofix Plus 3.E) to diet of dairy cows can prevent many of these effects.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences; 2016, 19, 1
1505-1773
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mycological flora on tree fruits, crust, leaves and pollen Sorbus domestica L.
Autorzy:
Kacaniova, M.
Fikselova, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/51096.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Wsi
Tematy:
mycotoxin
pollen
Sorbus domestica
tree
crust
mycoflora
fungi
leaf
fruit
Źródło:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2007, 14, 2
1232-1966
Pojawia się w:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mikologiczne skazenia zywnosci
Autorzy:
Wieczorek, C
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/825985.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Technologów Żywności
Tematy:
plesnie
przemysl spozywczy
zywnosc
zanieczyszczenia mikrobiologiczne
mikotoksyny
czynniki wzrostu
skazenie zywnosci
mould
food industry
food
microbiological contamination
mycotoxin
growth factor
food contamination
Opis:
W artykule opisano zanieczyszczenie żywności pleśniami i omówiono warunki sprzyjające wytwarzaniu mikotoksyn. Wzrost pleśni powoduje pogorszenie jakości lub zepsucie produktów spożywczych, co może prowadzić do zmiany wyglądu, nieprzyjemnego zapachu, obniżonej zdolności kiełkowania nasion, skażenia mikotoksynami i/lub alergii i infekcji u ludzi. Wysoka toksyczność metabolitów pleśni jest dużym zagrożeniem dla konsumentów. Tworzenie mikotoksyn następuje wyłącznie w wyniku wzrostu pleśni toksynotwórczych. Szczególny wpływ na rodzaj występujących pleśni ma skład żywności. Natomiast rozwój i wzrost pleśni w znaczącym stopniu uwarunkowane są: aktywnością wody (aw), temperaturą, wartością pH, zawartością O2 i CO2, rodzajem substratu i składem mikoflory.
The article describes results of food contamination by molds and conditions fostering mycotoxin contamination of foods. The molds growth leads to quality deterioration or spoiling of different kind of foodstuffs. It may result in an unpleasant odour and appearance of the product, reduced seed germination, mycotoxin pollution and/or human allergy and infection. The highly toxic fungal metabolites are particulary dangerous for consumers. Mycotoxins formation in foodstuffs takes place only as a result of growth of toxin-creating molds. Substrates composition influences specially the mold spectrum in foods. Whereas the mold growth and expansion are considerably determined by aw, temperature, pH, atmosphere and microbial competition.
Źródło:
Żywność Nauka Technologia Jakość; 2003, 10, 3; 119-129
1425-6959
Pojawia się w:
Żywność Nauka Technologia Jakość
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fusarium mycotoxins in Lithuanian cereals from the 2004-2005 harvests
Autorzy:
Mankeviciene, A
Butkute, B.
Dabkevicius, Z.
Suproniene, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/49431.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Wsi
Tematy:
mycotoxin
cereal grain
zearalenone
deoxynivalenol
harvest
fungi
Lithuania
Fusarium
Opis:
Fusarium mycotoxins deoxynivalenol (DON), T-2 toxin, and zearalenone (ZEN) contamination in 5 kinds of cereal grain harvested in 2004 and 2005 in different regions of Lithuania was examined for their occurrence frequency and level. In all cereal species DON was the most frequently detected mycotoxin with an incidence rate of 98.0 - 100% and range in positive samples from traces to 691 μg kg-1 in 2004 and 62.5-94.0%, range from traces to 1,121 μg kg-1 in 2005, respectively. All the tested oat samples collected in 2004-2005 were found to be contaminated with the T-2 toxin. In one sample from the year 2004 the level of T-2 toxin (121.5 μg kg-1) exceeded the allowable level. In 2004, ZEN contamination was more frequent in spring wheat, barley and oats grain, whereas in 2005 this toxin was identifi ed at higher levels only in barley grain (68.0%). In one barley grain sample from 2004, ZEN content (193.4 μg kg-1) exceeded the allowable level. Variation in the relative air-humidity exerted some effect on the incidence of Fusarium spp. fungi and mycotoxin content in wheat grain. The weather conditions at harvesting contributed to an increase in the contents of Fusarium fungi and DON and ZEN mycotoxins produced by them in winter wheat grain. This risk factor increases the threat to human and animal health.
Źródło:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2007, 14, 1
1232-1966
Pojawia się w:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Infection Process and Mycotoxin Production in Fusarium Culmorum-infected Maize Ears
Autorzy:
Oldenburg, Elisabeth
Ellner, Frank
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199599.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-06-21
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
Acetyl-deoxynivaleno
deoxynivalenol
kernels
nivalenol
pathogenesis
rachis
red ear rot
zearalenone
Opis:
Red ear rot of maize is an important disease in Europe caused by toxigenic Fusarium species like F.  graminearum and F. culmorum. To get detailed information about the pathogenesis of the disease and the  Fusarium toxin production in infected ears a field study was conducted with maize which was artificially  inoculated with F. culmorum at the stage of female flowering. Every fortnight after inoculation, maize ears of  two varieties were harvested and analysed for the progress of visual signs of the disease and related Fusarium  toxin contamination. During the last harvest in mid October, external infection symptoms showing some small  pale or brown-marbled kernels with dark brown rachillae were only observed at the ear tip, whereas internal  symptoms visible within the rachis were much more pronounced and showed greyish –brownish or pink discolouration of the pith. The symptoms observed in rachis and kernels corresponded with the toxin contamination showing considerably higher concentrations in the rachis compared to the kernels and a top-down gradient from high to low toxin levels within the ear. This suggests that F. culmorum first infects the rachis from  the tip towards the bottom, as it subsequently does the kernels via the rachillae connected to the rachis. As  infection symptoms and mycotoxin production were much more pronounced in the rachis than in the kernels, red ear rot evaluation should be improved by observing signs of the disease in both kernels and the rachis.
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2011, 63; 59-66
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zawartość mikotoksyn w sianie wybranych gatunków traw
Mycotoxin content in the hay of selected grass species
Autorzy:
Lipinska, H.
Harkot, W.
Cwintal, H.
Wankowicz, W.
Kepkowicz, A.
Michalak, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/75966.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Łąkarskie
Opis:
The study objective was to assess mycotoxin content in the hay of Phleum pratense L., Lolium perenne L. and Poa pratensis L. depending on the duration and place of its storage. The study material was obtained from extensive meadows at the idactic-Research Station in Sosnowica (peat-muck soils). Tests for the presence of mycotoxins in hay were carried out at the Central Agro-Ecological Laboratory of the University of Life Sciences in Lublin, using the CLA/PLC method. The tests showed that the hay was free of mycotoxins in most of the samples examined. Only some trace amounts of the T-2 toxin and ergovaline were found in the hay of Lolium perenne L. and trace amounts of aflatoxin B1 and aflatoxin G1 in the hay of Poa pratensis L. Hay stored in a barn, even for 22 months, was free of mycotoxins, and hay stored in conditions of exposure to weather factors contained trace amounts of mycotoxins.
Źródło:
Łąkarstwo w Polsce; 2015, 18
1506-5162
Pojawia się w:
Łąkarstwo w Polsce
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of the zearalenone on the activity of chosen liver enzymes in a rat
Autorzy:
Stadnik, A
Borzecki, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/51110.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Wsi
Tematy:
rat
liver
enzyme
enzyme activity
zearalenone
mycotoxin
Fusarium
liver cell
Źródło:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2009, 16, 1; 31-35
1232-1966
Pojawia się w:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mycotoxin – induced apoptosis in swine kidney epithelial cells
Autorzy:
Chrustek, Agnieszka
Twarużek, Magdalena
Zastempowska, Ewa
Grajewski, Jan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2182166.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-12-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie
Tematy:
aflatoxins
apoptosis
mycotoxins
ochratoxin A
swine kidney cell line
T2 toxin
Opis:
Apoptosis, as the programmed cell death, plays a significant role in proper functioning of an organism, both in the postnatal period and during embryogenesis. Disturbances in this process can lead to the occurrence of several dysfunctions, e.g. cancer, stroke, Alzheimer’s disease and others. Apoptosis can be triggered by factors such as oxidative stress, free radicals, UV radiation and cytotoxic drugs, but also mycotoxins, e.g. aflatoxins, ochratoxin A and trichothecenes. These toxins are produced primarily by fungi of Aspergillus, Penicillium, Fusarium and Stachybotrys genera. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of mycotoxins on the occurrence of apoptosis in the swine kidney (SK) epithelial cells. For this purpose, trichothecene T2 toxin was used at a concentration of 2.5 µM and 25 µM, aflatoxin B1 at a dose of 10 µM and 30 µM, and ochratoxin A concentrations of 50 µM and 80 µM. The results were assessed using flow cytometer Muse Cell Analyzer (Merck). Studies have shown high sensitivity of the cell line SK on mycotoxins. Apoptosis was caused by all kinds of toxins and depended on the dose of examined substance. T2 toxin at a concentration of 2.5 µM caused apoptosis in 6.9% of the cells, whereas at a concentration of 25 µM in 26.35% of the cells. Aflatoxin B1 used at concentrations of 10 µM and 30 µM caused apoptosis in 13.5% and 40.6% of the cells, respectively. The use of ochratoxin A in concentrations of 50 µM and 80 µM caused the occurrence of apoptosis respectively in 68.51% and 60.41% of the cells.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Naturae; 2016, 1; 105-114
2543-8832
2545-0999
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Naturae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of fungicide application on Wheat Head Blight, occurrence of Fusarium spp. and mycotoxin production.
Autorzy:
Baturo-Cieśniewska, A.
Lukanowski, A.
Kolenda, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199596.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-06-21
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
Fusarium
mycotoxins
fungicides
azoxystrobin
metconazole
Opis:
The aim of the study was to determine if azoxystrobin and metconazole used for the control of wheat FHB at half, full, and quarter more the recommended dose rate may affect in differentiated way on the occurrence of Fusarium spp. and their ability to mycotoxin production in harvested grain, in wheat ears artificially inoculated with two DON-producing isolates of F. culmorum. Macroscopic evaluation showed high incidence of fusariosis. Plant health in the plots where the heads were artificially inoculated and fungicide was not applied was similar to the protected ones. Only increasing the dose metconazole resulted in a stronger reduction of fusariosis. The advantageous effect of azoxystrobin was not observed. Mycological analysis of harvested grain showed the presence of a number of F. culmorum, but from samples sprayed with metconazole it was isolated in smaller quantities. Also F. avenaceum, F. graminearum, F. poae and F. tricinctum were isolated. Molecular analysis showed the presence of F. culmorum in all samples of harvested grain. Also genes from Tri cluster were identified, involved in the synthesis of type-A and type-B trichothecenes - especially DON and 3Ac-DON. Chromatography revealed the presence of small quantities of mycotoxins. In all samples DON and 3Ac-DON were predominant. In general, F. culmorum isolate, which caused weaker symptoms of FHB and was less numerously isolated from grain that the other one, produced smaller amounts of mycotoxins. Samples protected with azoxystrobin contain the largest quantities of DON. Effect of different doses of fungicides on the number of mycotoxins was not clearly established...
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2011, 63; 29-38
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of storage conditions on the formation of type A and B trichothecenes in cereal products
Autorzy:
Pokrzywa, P.
Cieślik, E.
Surma, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2083082.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Wsi
Tematy:
trichothecenes
cereals
cereal products
mycotoxin production
Opis:
Introduction and objective. Mycotoxins are toxic metabolites produced by certain types of fungi, causing pathological changes in humans and animals. The aim of this study was to assess the degree of contamination of selected cereal grains, bran and cereal products intended for children, with mycotoxins using GCxGC-TOF-MS technique. The study involved mycotoxins belonging to the type A and B trichothecenes group, including T-2 toxin (T-2), HT-2 toxin (HT-2), scirpenol (SCI), 15-monoacetoxyscirpenol (15-MAS), diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS), triacetoxyscirpenol (TAS), fusarenon-X (FUS-X), nivalenol (NIV), deoxynivalenol (DON), 3-acetyl-DON (3-Ac-DON), 15-acetyl-DON (15-Ac-DON). The study also assessed the effect of conditions in which the samples were stored, including temperature (6 °C and 28 °C) and time (14 and 28 days), on fungal growth and mycotoxin production. Among all studied compounds, only DAS and HT-2 toxins were detected in tested samples, with the exception of products intended for children. Measured HT-2 mycotoxin content in tested samples was in the range 83.9 – 196.4 μg kg-1. Results and conclusions. Experiments with storage conditions showed a statistically significant increase in the HT-2 toxin level after 14 days of storage in all samples, irrespective of temperature. Prolonged storage (additional 14 days) did not cause significant changes in the HT-2 content. Further analyses showed a statistically significant effect of storage temperature on HT-2 toxin levels only in cereal products intended for children after both 14 and 28 days. Interestingly, lower temperature (6 °C) was more optimal then higher temperature (28 °C) for the HT-2 toxin production. No significant effect of storage temperature on HT-2 level was observed for cereal grains and bran.
Źródło:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2019, 26, 2; 260-265
1232-1966
Pojawia się w:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Porazenie wiech przez Fusarium poae [Peck] Wollenw. oraz zawartosc mikotoksyn w ziarnie owsa
Infection of panicles with Fusarium poae [Peck] Wollenw. and mycotoxin content in oat grain
Autorzy:
Kiecana, I
Mielniczuk, E
Perkowski, J
Golinski, P
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27709.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
Tematy:
choroby roslin
czynniki chorobotworcze
Fusarium poae
fuzarioza wiech owsa
owies
choroby grzybowe
zawartosc mikotoksyn
mikotoksyny
ziarno
grzyby chorobotworcze
plant disease
pathogenic factor
panicle blight
fusariosis
oat
fungal disease
mycotoxin content
grain
pathogenic fungi
Opis:
Field experiments were performed during three years (1999, 2000 and 2001) to study fusariosis on oat panicles. The percentage of panicles with fusariosis symptoms ranged from 0,5 to 6%. Fusarium panicle blight was caused mainly by Fusarium avenaceum and F. poae. The experiment with panicles artifical infection of 12 genotypes of oat was performed in 2001. The panicles of oat were inoculated with F. poae strain nr 37, which caused a reduction in yield by 37%. In the infected kernels the following toxins were detected: nivalenol (from 0.06 to 2.18 mg·kg⁻¹), deoxynivalenol (from 0.02 to 0.47mg/kg⁻¹), T-2 toxin (from 0.02 to 0.71 mg·kg⁻¹), HT-2 toxin (from 0.03 to 0.59 mg·kg⁻¹), scirpentriol (from 0.06 to 1.98 mg·kg⁻¹).
Przeprowadzone w latach 1999-2001 badania wykazały obecność w każdym sezonie wegetacji, wiech z objawami fuzariozy. Odsetek takich wiech wahał się od 0,5 do 6%. Główną przyczyną fuzariozy wiech owsa były gatunki Fusarium avenaceum i F. poae. W 2001 roku przeprowadzono także ścisłe doświadczenie polowe obejmujące 12 genotypów owsa, w którym wiechy sztucznie zakażano F. poae. W wyniku tych badań stwierdzono, że średnia obniżka plonu ziarna wynosiła 37%. Analiza chemiczna ziarniaków pozyskanych ze sztucznie zakażanych wiech, wykazała obecność w nich niwalenolu (od 0,06 do 2,18 mg·kg⁻¹), deoksyniwalenolu (od 0,02 do 0,47 mg·kg⁻¹), T-2 toksyny (od 0,02 do 0,71 mg·kg⁻¹), HT-2 toksyny (od 0,03 do 0,59 mg·kg⁻¹) oraz scirpentriolu (od 0,06 do 1,98 mg·kg⁻¹).
Źródło:
Acta Agrobotanica; 2005, 58, 2; 91-102
0065-0951
2300-357X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Agrobotanica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Examination of ability to androgenesis of spring wheat genotypes resistant to Fusarium
Autorzy:
Weigt, D.
Nawracala, J.
Popowska, D.
Nijak, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/80466.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
spring wheat
Fusarium
androgenesis
regeneration
double haploid
plant contamination
mycotoxin
Źródło:
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology; 2012, 93, 2
0860-7796
Pojawia się w:
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Yielding of grain maize and presence of Fusarium toxins in depence on harvest time
Autorzy:
Michalski, T
Perkowski, J.
Stachowiak, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66304.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
mycotoxin
pathogen
yielding
harverst time
fungi
grain maize
maize
Fusarium
stem infection
Opis:
Later harvest time increased the infection of stems by Fusarium spp. and plant lodging. With the delay of harvest, the dry matter content in grain increased, but the crop in the later periods decreased. The optimal harvest time seems to be 20 days after reaching physiological maturity. In spite of using different genotypes and a wide range of harvest dates, the chemical analysis used to determine the presence of trichothecens B (DON, 3-AcDON, 15-AcDON and NIV) did not reveal their presence above the detection limit 0,001 mg/kg.
W latach 1998-1999 przeprowadzono doświadczenie polowe z 4 odmianami kukurydzy: Janna, Dragon, Marietta i LG 2310. Roślin tych odmian zbierano w czterech terminach: po osiągnięciu dojrzałości fizjologicznej ziarna (stadium czarnej plamki) oraz 10, 20 i 30 dni później. Analizowano przebieg wegetacji, zdrowotność roślin, poziom plonu i jego strukturę oraz przydatność ziarna do przerobu przemysłowego. Zawartość w ziarnie trichotecenów grupy B, tworzonych przez grzyby z rodzaju Fusarium oznaczano metodą GC/MS, po wykonaniu prób w pochodne sililowe. Wraz z opóźnianiem terminu zbioru wzrastała zawartość suchej masy w ziarnie. Plony początkowo nieco wzrastały, natomiast później ulegały wyraźnemu obniżeniu. W kolejnych terminach zbioru rosło porażenie łodyg fuzariozą i zwiększało się wyleganie. Było to widoczne szczególnie w roku 1998, w warunkach chłodnej pogody i opóźnionych zbiorów. Biorąc pod uwagę rosnące wyleganie, postępujące porażenie łodyg fuzariozą oraz straty masy ziarna, optymalnym terminem zbioru kukurydzy na ziarno okazał się termin III, po 20 dniach od osiągnięcia dojrzałości fizjologicznej. Analizowane odmiany różniły się istotnie: wilgotnością i plonami ziarna oraz odpornością na fuzariozę źdźbła. Mimo szerokiego zakresu terminów zbioru kukurydzy i zróżnicowanych genotypów, nie wykazano obecności na ziarnie trichotecenów grupy B (DON, 3-ACDON, 15-AcDON i NIV) – na poziomie oznaczalności 0,001 mg/kg.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2000, 40, 3-4
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The effects of fungicides on Fusarium spp. and their associated mycotoxins in naturally infected winter wheat grain.
Autorzy:
Suproniene, Skaidre
Mankeviciene, Audrone
Gaurilcikiene, Irena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199624.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-12-20
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
Fusarium head blight
Fusarium spp.
fungicides
mycotoxin
winter wheat
Opis:
Field trials conducted at the Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and For- estry (central part of Lithuania) in 2009 were aimed to evaluate the effect of fungicides on Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) in a naturally infected field. A single application of dimoxystrobin + epoxiconazole (Swing Gold), prothioconazole (Proline), metconazole (Juventus), tebuconazole (Folicur), prothioconazole + tebu- conazole (Prosaro) was applied to winter wheat cv. ‘Zentos’ at the manufacturer’s recommended doses at anthesis (BBCH 65). The FHB incidence and severity were assessed at milk and hard maturity stages. The percentage of Fusarium infected grain and deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEN) and T-2 toxin (T-2) concentrations in harvested grain were determined. In all fungicide treated plots a significant reduction of FHB incidence and severity was determined; however the fungicides did not exert any effect on the amount of Fusarium–infected grain as compared with the untreated control. A reduction of  DON, ZEN and T-2 contents in grain was determined in tebuconazole treatments. Fusarium avenaceum (Fr.) Sacc, F. culmorum (W. G. Sm.) Sacc., F. poae (Peck) Wollenw, F. sporotrichioides Sherb. and F. tricinctum (Corda) Sacc were identi- fied in wheat grain, F. poae was prevalent.
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2011, 64; 123-130
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Impact of Abiotic Factors on Fusarium Mycotoxin Occurrence in Cereal Grain
Wpływ czynników abiotycznych na występowanie mikotoksyn fuzaryjnych w ziarnie zbóż
Autorzy:
Boligłowa, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/389526.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Chemii i Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
mikotoksyny
ziarno
zboża
czynniki abiotyczne
mycotoxins
grain
cereals
abiotic factors
Opis:
The paper focuses on an analysis of the abiotic factors impact on Fusarium mycotoxin cumulation in cereal grain. The mycotoxins most frequently determined in cereal grain include deoxynivalenol (DON), zearaleon (ZEN) and fumonisins. There are numerous causes of the presence and cumulation of these toxic compounds. The main factors promoting Fusarium fungi parasitising and mycotoxin production comprise the weather conditions and region of cultivation, species and cultivar susceptibility, the wrong forecrop, shallow placement of harvest residue or leaving it on the soil surface, as well as abandoning plant protection during the vegetation period.
Praca dotyczy analizy wpływu czynników abiotycznych na kumulację mikotoksyn fuzaryjnych w ziarnie zbóż. Najczęściej w ziarnie zbóż wykrywa się deoksyniwalenol (DON), zearalenon (ZEN) oraz fumonizyny. Przyczyn obecności i kumulacji tych toksycznych związków jest wiele. Do podstawowych czynników, które sprzyjają pasożytowaniu grzybów Fusarium i produkowaniu mikotksyn, należy zaliczyć: warunki pogodowe i rejon uprawy, podatność gatunkową i odmianową roślin, nieodpowiedni przedplon, płytkie umieszczenie resztek pożniwnych w glebie lub pozostawienie ich na powierzchni oraz rezygnacja z ochrony roślin w okresie wegetacji.
Źródło:
Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A; 2011, 18, 5-6; 665-672
1898-6188
2084-4530
Pojawia się w:
Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fusarium DNA levels as compared to mycotoxin levels in Finnish and Estonian grain samples.
Autorzy:
Yli-Mattila, T.
Rämö, S.
Tanner, R.
Loiveke, H.
Hietaniemi, V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199625.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-12-20
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
DON
Fusarium. culmorum
F. graminearum
TaqMan qPCR
T-2/HT-2
Opis:
In the present work Fusarium DNA levels of deoxynivalenol (DON)-producing F. graminearum and F. culmorum and T-2/HT-2-producing F. langsethiae and F. sporotrichioides were compared to DON and T-2/HT-2 levels in Finnish (19 oat samples) and Estonian (3 oat, 8 wheat and 9 barley) grain samples of the year 2008. The Finnish oat samples were selected based on high (<870 ppb) DON levels. Some of them also contained high levels of zearalenone (ZEN). The main aim was to find out, which Fusarium species is the main DON producer in oats in Finland. In Estonian grain sam- ples all mycotoxin levels were relatively low and below the EU limits. The highest ZEN levels were found in oat in Satakunta in Finland. This is the first study, in which F. graminearum has been found in Estonian grains. The correlation between F. graminearum DNA and DON levels in the combined Finnish and Estonian oat samples was higly significant (R2 = 0.88). In Finnish samples a significant correlation was also found between F. graminearum DNA and ZEN levels (R2 = 0.42). No correlation was found between F. culmorum DNA and DON levels in the combined Finnish and Estonian oat sam- ples. There was also a significant correlation between the combined T-2 and HT-2 and combined F. langsethiae and F. sporotrichioides levels (R2  = 0.38) in the combined Finnish and Estonian oat samples. According to our results F. graminearum is clearly the main DON producer in Finnish oat.
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2011, 64; 131-140
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Occurrence and noxiousness of mycotoxins in European foods
Autorzy:
Bohm, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1373037.pdf
Data publikacji:
1995
Wydawca:
Instytut Rozrodu Zwierząt i Badań Żywności Polskiej Akademii Nauk w Olsztynie
Tematy:
mycotoxin
ergot alkaloid
Claviceps
food
foodstuff
fungi
experimental animal
ochratoxin A
Aspergillus
Fusarium
European cereal
nephropathy
aflatoxin
human disease
Penicillium
nutrition
humanity
fusariotoxin
Alternaria
noxiousness
Opis:
It is possible for humans and animals alike to be contaminated with mycotoxins such as ergot alkaloids, aflatoxins, ochratoxins and fusariotoxins. Aflatoxins are evaluated as strong carcinogens but their real occurrence and importance seems to be low in Europe. Ochra toxin A has become notorious mycotoxin especially in northern parts of Europe. Nephropathies are considered to be induced by ochratoxins. Immunosuppressive trichothecenes such as deoxynivalenol, T-2 toxin and the estrogenic zearalenone occur at high degrees in European cereals. Their roles in human diseases need further elucidation.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences; 1995, 04, 2; 3-7
1230-0322
2083-6007
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Potential genotoxicity of Fusarium mycotoxins in Vicia and Pisum cytogenetic tests
Autorzy:
Packa, D
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2048288.pdf
Data publikacji:
1998
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
mycotoxin
cytogenetic analysis
plant cell
mitosis
cytotoxicity
gene mutation
Fusarium
chromosome
genotoxicity
fusarial toxin
mitotic cell
cytogenetic test
Vicia faba var.minor
morphological analysis
mutagenic behaviour
Pisum sativum
Opis:
Several fusarial toxins (DAS, DON, FUS-X and MON) were assayed for their genotoxic activity with Vicia faba var. minor and Pisum sativum used as eukaryotic, whole-organism, test systems. Four concentrations: 1, 5, 10 and 20 µg mL⁻¹ were applied for 24 hours, and three fixing times: 24, 48 and 72 hours after the beginning of the treatment. Nuclei and chromosomes in mitotic cells were stained by the Feulgen method. Generally, fusarial toxins in plant cells produced three types of effects: prevented proliferating cells from entering mitosis, caused mitotic alterations and were cytotoxic. Mitotic alterations included C-mitoses, a higher incidence of metaphases/anaphases, excessive condensation of chromosomes, multipolar spindles, disturbed anatelophases and micronuclei. Both type and range of each effect were related to plant species, toxin concentration and duration of the recovery period. The results obtained from our plant bioassays were compared with those reported from other assay systems.
Źródło:
Journal of Applied Genetics; 1998, 39, 2; 171-192
1234-1983
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Applied Genetics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A survey of deoxynivalenol and zearalenone content in commercial dry foods for growing dogs
Charakterystyka rynkowego segmentu suchych karm pełnoporcjowych dla psów pod względem poziomu deoksyniwalenolu i zearalenonu
Autorzy:
Holda, K.
Glogowski, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2622.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
deoxynivalenol
zearalenone
mycotoxin
commercial food
dry food
feed
commercial feed
growing animal
dog
health risk
Opis:
A survey of Deoxynivalenol and Zearalenone content in commercial dry foods for growing dogs. The Polish market of commercial dry dog food for growing dogs of small breeds was surveyed for the presence of DON and ZEN with its metabolites α- and β-zearalenol (α-, β-ZOL). LC/ /MS method was applied for 6 randomly selected foods. The low levels of toxins found, gives overall picture of the safe segment of the market. The content of masked α-zearalenol, however, from the perspective of long term consumption of small amounts may pose a health risk for the reproductive system of bitches.
Charakterystyka rynkowego segmentu suchych karm pełnoporcjowych dla psów pod względem poziomu deoksyniwalenolu i zearalenonu. W reprezentatywnej próbie 6 losowo wybranych produktów, należących do rynkowego segmentu suchych karm pełnoporcjowych dla psów rosnących, oznaczono poziom deoksyniwalenolu i zearalenonu wraz z jego metabolitami (α-, β-zearalenolem), z wykorzystaniem metody LC/ /MS. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują na stosunkowo niski poziom oznaczanych mykotoksyn w ocenianych karmach. Istotne wydaje się zwrócenie uwagi na poziom α-zearalenolu (zaliczanego do tzw. toksyn ukrytych, po ang. masked toxins), który w kontekście długotrwałego przyjmowania z karmą może stwarzać potencjalne zagrożenie dla rozwoju układu rozrodczego młodych suk.
Źródło:
Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Animal Science; 2014, 53
1898-8830
Pojawia się w:
Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Animal Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ocena możliwości redukcji stężenia mikotoksyn w procesie produkcji etanolu z ziarna kukurydzy technologią BUS i klasyczną
Assessing the potential of reducing mycotoxin concentration during the production process of ethanol from maize grain using PLS and classic technology
Autorzy:
Klosowski, G.
Blajet-Kosicka, A.
Mikulski, D.
Grajewski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/828621.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Technologów Żywności
Opis:
Oceniono możliwość redukcji stężenia mikotoksyn obecnych w ziarnie kukurydzy w procesie produkcji etanolu technologią klasyczną (parnik Henze’go) oraz BUS (bezciśnieniowe uwalnianie skrobi). Analizowano wpływ operacji i procesów jednostkowych oraz drożdży Saccharomyces cerevisiae na zmiany stężenia mikotoksyn w zacierach i wywarach. W technologii BUS wykazano zależność redukcji stężenia mikotoksyn od sposobu obróbki termicznej zacieru. Zastosowanie podgrzewaczy typu „jet-cooker” sprzyjało większej redukcji stężenia mikotoksyn, która wyniosła w odniesieniu do deoksyniwalenolu (DON) maksymalnie ok. 20 %, a fumonizyn (FUM) do 21 %. W alternatywnym wariancie, użycie płytowych wymienników ciepła (eliminacja kontaktu pary wodnej z zacierem) skutkowało mniejszą efektywnością eliminacji mikotoksyn. W technologii klasycznej wykazano znaczną redukcję stężeń DON, zearalenonu (ZEA) i FUM pod wpływem obróbki barotermicznej. Ostateczny bilans stężenia mikotoksyn w tej technologii wykazał niemal całkowitą eliminację FUM, redukcję DON w około 77 - 97 %, natomiast ZEA od 95 do 100 %. W trakcie fermentacji nie stwierdzono wpływu tego procesu z udziałem drożdży na redukcję stężeń DON, ZEA i FUM. Rezultaty uzyskane w procesie technologicznym BUS wskazują, że nie należy oczekiwać pełnej eliminacji mikotoksyn. W specyficznych warunkach wykazano nawet trzykrotny wzrost stężenia ZEA w wysuszonym wywarze w stosunku do surowca. Powinno to skłaniać do kontroli wywaru uzyskanego z przerobu surowców zanieczyszczonych mikotoksynami, zwłaszcza w przypadku jego wykorzystania w żywieniu zwierząt.
The potential of reducing mycotoxin concentrations in maize grain was assessed during the process of producing ethanol with the application of classic technology (Henze’s steamer) and PLS technology (Pressureless Starch Liberation). The effect of individual operations, processes, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast on changes in the concentrations of mycotoxins in mashes and slops was analyzed. As for the PSL technology, the dependence was found between the reduction of mycotoxin concentrations and the method of how the mash was thermally processed. Owing to “jet-cooker” heaters used, the reduction degree of mycotoxin concentration was higher and amounted to, at the maximum, ca. 20 % in the case of deoxynivalenol (DON), and up to 21 % in the case of fumonisins (FUM). Alternatively, when plate heat exchangers were utilized (elimination of contact between water steam and mash), the elimination of mycotoxins was less effective. In the classic technology, a considerable reduction of concentrations of DON, zearalenone (ZEA), and FUM was found when a barothermal processing was applied. The final balance of mycotoxin concentration in this technology showed that FUM were eliminated almost completely, DON at a level between 77 - 97 %, and ZEA was reduced by about 95 - 100 %. During the fermentation process, no impact of this process with the yeast used was found on the reduction of DON, ZEA, and FUM concentrations. The results obtained when the PLS technology was applied prove that no complete elimination of mycotoxins should be expected. Under specific conditions, the ZEA concentration in dried slops was found to be three times as high as in the raw material. Therefore, it is highly advised to control the slops produced during the processing of raw materials contaminated by mycotoxins, especially when they are used in feeding animals.
Źródło:
Żywność Nauka Technologia Jakość; 2011, 18, 2
1425-6959
Pojawia się w:
Żywność Nauka Technologia Jakość
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-25 z 40

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