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Wyświetlanie 1-57 z 57
Tytuł:
Linear Abelian Modal Logic
Autorzy:
Mohammadi, Hamzeh
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/43184005.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
many-valued logic
modal logic
abelian logic
hypersequent calculus
cut-elimination
Opis:
A many-valued modal logic, called linear abelian modal logic \(\rm {\mathbf{LK(A)}}\) is introduced as an extension of the abelian modal logic \(\rm \mathbf{K(A)}\). Abelian modal logic \(\rm \mathbf{K(A)}\) is the minimal modal extension of the logic of lattice-ordered abelian groups. The logic \(\rm \mathbf{LK(A)}\) is axiomatized by extending \(\rm \mathbf{K(A)}\) with the modal axiom schemas \(\Box(\varphi\vee\psi)\rightarrow(\Box\varphi\vee\Box\psi)\) and \((\Box\varphi\wedge\Box\psi)\rightarrow\Box(\varphi\wedge\psi)\). Completeness theorem with respect to algebraic semantics and a hypersequent calculus admitting cut-elimination are established. Finally, the correspondence between hypersequent calculi and axiomatization is investigated.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic; 2024, 53, 1; 1-28
0138-0680
2449-836X
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
From Intuitionism to Brouwers Modal Logic
Autorzy:
Kostrzycka, Zofia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1023286.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
intuitionistic logic
Kripke frames
Brouwer's modal logic
Opis:
We try to translate the intuitionistic propositional logic INT into Brouwer's modal logic KTB. Our translation is motivated by intuitions behind Brouwer's axiom p →☐◊p The main idea is to interpret intuitionistic implication as modal strict implication, whereas variables and other positive sentences remain as they are. The proposed translation preserves fragments of the Rieger-Nishimura lattice which is the Lindenbaum algebra of monadic formulas in INT. Unfortunately, INT is not embedded by this mapping into KTB.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic; 2020, 49, 4; 343-358
0138-0680
2449-836X
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An Arithmetically Complete Predicate Modal Logic
Autorzy:
Hao, Yunge
Tourlakis, George
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2033850.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-08-23
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Predicate modal logic
arithmetic completeness
logic GL
Solovay's theorem
equational proofs
Opis:
This paper investigates a first-order extension of GL called \(\textup{ML}^3\). We outline briefly the history that led to \(\textup{ML}^3\), its key properties and some of its toolbox: the \emph{conservation theorem}, its cut-free Gentzenisation, the ``formulators'' tool. Its semantic completeness (with respect to finite reverse well-founded Kripke models) is fully stated in the current paper and the proof is retold here. Applying the Solovay technique to those models the present paper establishes its main result, namely, that \(\textup{ML}^3\) is arithmetically complete. As expanded below, \(\textup{ML}^3\) is a first-order modal logic that along with its built-in ability to simulate general classical first-order provability―"\(\Box\)" simulating the the informal classical "\(\vdash\)"―is also arithmetically complete in the Solovay sense.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic; 2021, 50, 4; 513-541
0138-0680
2449-836X
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Neighbourhood Semantics for Graded Modal Logic
Autorzy:
Chen, Jinsheng
van Ditmarsch, Hans
Greco, Giuseppe
Tzimoulis, Apostolos
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2033856.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-07-14
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Graded modal logic
neighbourhood frames
bisimulation
Opis:
We introduce a class of neighbourhood frames for graded modal logic embedding Kripke frames into neighbourhood frames. This class of neighbourhood frames is shown to be first-order definable but not modally definable. We also obtain a new definition of graded bisimulation with respect to Kripke frames by modifying the definition of monotonic bisimulation.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic; 2021, 50, 3; 373-395
0138-0680
2449-836X
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Normal forms in partial modal logic
Autorzy:
Jaspars, Jan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1361078.pdf
Data publikacji:
1993
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Matematyczny PAN
Opis:
A "partial" generalization of Fine's definition [Fin] of normal forms in normal minimal modal logic is given. This means quick access to complete axiomatizations and decidability proofs for partial modal logic [Thi].
Źródło:
Banach Center Publications; 1993, 28, 1; 37-50
0137-6934
Pojawia się w:
Banach Center Publications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
O logice modalnej
On Modal Logic
Autorzy:
Kiczuk, Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2015670.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
konieczność logiczna
możliwość logiczna
logika modalna
funktor modalny
ścisła implikacja
logical necessity
logical possibility
modal logic
modal operator
strict implication
Opis:
The paper appreciates six conditions which, according to G.E. Hughes and M.J. Cresswell, must be respected by those formal systems which aspire to be systems of modal logic. There are few such systems. The sense of modal functors “it is necessary that,” “it is possible that,” in this type of systems is in no way made precise. The paper undermines the validity of some conditions shown by Hughes and Cresswell. It outlines the way by which to construct a system of modal logic in which the functor of logical necessity and logical possibility would be unambiguously characterised by methods of contemporary logic.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2004, 52, 1; 199-213
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fractional-Valued Modal Logic and Soft Bilateralism
Autorzy:
Piazza, Mario
Pulcini, Gabriele
Tesi, Matteo
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/43181839.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
modal logic
general proof theory (including proof-theoretic semantics)
many-valued logics
Opis:
In a recent paper, under the auspices of an unorthodox variety of bilateralism, we introduced a new kind of proof-theoretic semantics for the base modal logic \(\mathbf{K}\), whose values lie in the closed interval \([0,1]\) of rational numbers [14]. In this paper, after clarifying our conception of bilateralism – dubbed “soft bilateralism” – we generalize the fractional method to encompass extensions and weakenings of \(\mathbf{K}\). Specifically, we introduce well-behaved hypersequent calculi for the deontic logic \(\mathbf{D}\) and the non-normal modal logics \(\mathbf{E}\) and \(\mathbf{M}\) and thoroughly investigate their structural properties.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic; 2023, 52, 3; 275-299
0138-0680
2449-836X
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Relational and Neighborhood Semantics for Intuitionistic Modal Logic
Autorzy:
Kojima, Kensuke
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1368603.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Opis:
We investigate semantics for an intuitionistic modal logic in which the “possibility” modality does not distribute over disjunction. In particular, the main aim of this paper is to study such intuitionistic modal logic as a variant of classical non-normal modal logic. We first give a neighborhood semantics together with a sound and complete axiomatization. Next, we study relationships between our approach and the relational (Kripke-style) semantics considered in the literature. It is shown that a relational model can be represented as a neighborhood model, and the converse direction holds under a slight restriction. Also, by considering degenerate cases of neighborhood and relational semantics, we demonstrate that a certain classical monotone modal logic has relational semantics, and can be embedded into a classical normal bimodal logic.
Źródło:
Reports on Mathematical Logic; 2012, 47; 87-113
0137-2904
2084-2589
Pojawia się w:
Reports on Mathematical Logic
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Temporalna interpretacja logiki modalnej
Temporal Interpretation of Modal Logic
Autorzy:
Tkaczyk, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2013148.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
logika temporalna
logika tensalna
logika modalna
semantyka relacyjna
temporal logic
tense logic
modal logic
relational semantics
Opis:
Temporal interpretation of modal logic consists in replacing possible worlds with temporal states of the world or any time determinates and the accessibility relation with a relation of passage of time. That issue has been raised by A. N. Prior, who was thinking of propositions as things which could change their truth-values (could become true or become false) with the passage of time. Under such interpretation Prior was reading a formula  as: it (is and) will allways be the case that  or: it (is and) has allways been the case that . The formula  should be read respectively. In the present paper the interpretation in question is examined. Its sources are presented and its consequences are analysed. It is claimed, the interpretation to be highly disputable because of its disagreement with physical meaning of temporal statements, established in the special relativity theory.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2008, 56, 2; 273-297
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An Observation Concerning Porte’s Rule in Modal Logic
Autorzy:
French, Rohan
Humberstone, Lloyd
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/749962.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Opis:
It is well known that no consistent normal modal logic contains (as theorems) both ◊A and ◊¬A (for any formula A). Here we observe that this claim can be strengthened to the following: for any formula A, either no consistent normal modal logic contains ◊A, or else no consistent normal modal logic contains ◊¬A.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic; 2015, 44, 1-2
0138-0680
2449-836X
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Sound Interpretation of Leśniewskis Epsilon in Modal Logic KTB
Autorzy:
Inoue, Takao
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2033852.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-11-09
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Le´sniewski’s ontology
propositional ontology
translation
interpretation
modal logic
KTB
soundness
Grzegorczyk’s modal logic
Opis:
In this paper, we shall show that the following translation \(I^M\) from the propositional fragment \(\bf L_1\) of Leśniewski's ontology to modal logic \(\bf KTB\) is sound: for any formula \(\phi\) and \(\psi\) of \(\bf L_1\), it is defined as (M1) \(I^M(\phi \vee \psi) = I^M(\phi) \vee I^M(\psi)\), (M2) \(I^M(\neg \phi) = \neg I^M(\phi)\), (M3) \(I^M(\epsilon ab) = \Diamond p_a \supset p_a . \wedge . \Box p_a \supset \Box p_b .\wedge . \Diamond p_b \supset p_a\), where \(p_a\) and \(p_b\) are propositional variables corresponding to the name variables \(a\) and \(b\), respectively. In the last, we shall give some comments including some open problems and my conjectures.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic; 2021, 50, 4; 455-463
0138-0680
2449-836X
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
New Modification of the Subformula Property for a Modal Logic
Autorzy:
Takano, Mitio
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1023185.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-11-04
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
subformula property
modal logic
sequent calculus
scope of □
Opis:
A modified subformula property for the modal logic KD with the additionalaxiom □ ◊(A ∨ B) ⊃ □ ◊ A ∨ □ ◊B is shown. A new modification of the notion of subformula is proposed for this purpose. This modification forms a natural extension of our former one on which modified subformula property for the modal logics K5, K5D and S4.2 has been shown ([2] and [4]). The finite model property as well as decidability for the logic follows from this.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic; 2020, 49, 3; 255-268
0138-0680
2449-836X
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Logika modalna a dowód ontologiczny
Modal Logic vs. Ontological Argument
Autorzy:
Biłat, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/967109.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012-03-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
Opis:
The contemporary versions of the ontological argument originated from Charles Hartshorne are formalized proofs (in the metalogical sense of the word) based on unique modal theories. The simplest well-known theory of this kind arises from the system B of modal logic by adding two extra-logical axioms: (AA) “If the perfect being exists, then it necessarily exists” (Anselm’s Axiom) and (AL) “It is possible that the perfect being exists” (Leibniz’s Axiom). In the paper a similar argument is presented, however none of the systems of modal logic is relevant to it. Its only premises are the axiom (AA) and, instead of (AL), the new axiom (AN): “If the perfect being doesn’t exist, it necessarily doesn’t”. The main goal of the work is to prove that (AN) is no more controversial than (AA) and - in consequence - the whole strength of the modal ontological argument lays in the set of its extra-logical premises. In order to do that, three arguments are formulated: ontological, “cosmological” and metalogical.
Źródło:
Filozofia Nauki; 2012, 20, 1; 103-108
1230-6894
2657-5868
Pojawia się w:
Filozofia Nauki
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Logika modalna i teoria gier
Modal Logic and Game Theory
Autorzy:
Tworak, Zbigniew
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/968716.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-06-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
Opis:
In this paper, I demonstrate the fruitfulness of looking at modal logic from the perspective of game theory. In particular, I show how games in strategic form can be transformed into Kripke’s models for a multi-modal logic that combines the concepts of strategy profile, preference, and knowledge. The logic is sufficiently general to express solution concepts such as the best response, Nash Equilibrium, and Iterated Deletion of Strictly Dominated Strategies. Moreover, the logic allows us to derive the conditions on which these concepts are based.
Źródło:
Filozofia Nauki; 2017, 25, 2; 5-28
1230-6894
2657-5868
Pojawia się w:
Filozofia Nauki
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Modified Subformula Property for the Modal Logic S4.2
Autorzy:
Takano, Mitio
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/749870.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
modal logic S4.2
sequent calculus
subformula property
Opis:
The modal logic S4.2 is S4 with the additional axiom ◊□A ⊃ □◊A. In this article, the sequent calculus GS4.2 for this logic is presented, and by imposing an appropriate restriction on the application of the cut-rule, it is shown that, every GS4.2-provable sequent S has a GS4.2-proof such that every formula occurring in it is either a subformula of some formula in S, or the formula □¬□B or ¬□B, where □B occurs in the scope of some occurrence of □ in some formula of S. These are just the K5-subformulas of some formula in S which were introduced by us to show the modied subformula property for the modal logics K5 and K5D (Bull Sect Logic 30(2): 115–122, 2001). Some corollaries including the interpolation property for S4.2 follow from this. By slightly modifying the proof, the finite model property also follows.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic; 2019, 48, 1
0138-0680
2449-836X
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Topological and Multi-Topological Frames in the Context of Intuitionistic Modal Logic
Autorzy:
Witczak, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/749992.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
intuitionistic modal logic
neighbourhood semantics
topological semantics
Kripke frames
soundness and completeness
Opis:
We present three examples of topological semantics for intuitionistic modal logic with one modal operator □. We show that it is possible to treat neighborhood models, introduced earlier, as topological or multi-topological. From the neighborhood point of view, our method is based on differences between properties of minimal and maximal neighborhoods. Also we propose transformation of multitopological spaces into the neighborhood structures.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic; 2019, 48, 3; 187-205
0138-0680
2449-836X
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Najkrótsze aksjomaty modalnej logiki Łukasiewicza
The Shortest Axioms of Łukasiewicz’s Modal Logic
Autorzy:
Dywan, Zdzisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/488405.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
aksjomatyzacja
logika modalna
axiomatization
modal logic
Opis:
Pokazujemy, że formuła CLpEqLq aksjomatyzuje logikę modalną Łukasiewicza i nie istnieje krótszy aksjomat dla tej logiki.
We show that the formula CLpEqLq axiomatizes Łukasiewicz’s modal logic and that there exists no shorter axiom for it.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2016, 64, 2; 5-9
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Unifiability and Structural Completeness in Relation Algebras and in Products of Modal Logic S5
Autorzy:
Dzik, Wojciech
Wróbel, Beniamin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/749956.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
admissible rules
passive rules
unification
projective unification
almost structural completeness
n-modal logic S5n
relation algebras
representable diagonal-free cylindric algebras
Opis:
Unifiability of terms (and formulas) and structural completeness in the variety of relation algebras RA and in the products of modal logic S5 is investigated. Nonunifiable terms (formulas) which are satisfiable in varieties (in logics) are exhibited. Consequently, RA and products of S5 as well as representable diagonal-free n-dimensional cylindric algebras, RDfn, are almost structurally complete but not structurally complete. In case of S5n a basis for admissible rules and the form of all passive rules are provided.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic; 2015, 44, 1-2
0138-0680
2449-836X
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Uwagi o genezie współczesnej logiki modalnej
Remarks on the Origin of the Contemporary Modal Logic
Autorzy:
Garbacz, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2016233.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Opis:
In the article a justification is presented of introducing the logics of strict implication that can be reconstructed from the works of Clarence Irving Lewis who created them. It turns out that besides the commonly mentioned arguments concerning inadequacy of the implication of the classical logic for expressing the relation of implication Lewis also gave two other motivations. Namely, he claimed that classical logic is not able to formulate the intensional meaning that he ascribed to some alternative statements of current language and that classical logic involves ontological determinism. An analysis of these arguments also supported the conclusion concerning a metalinguistic character of functors of logics of strict implication drawn on the basis of the way Lewis understood expressions of formal logic. Hence the need was emphasised of caution in applying the discussed systems for formalising philosophical reasoning. Attention was also paid to the fact that only systems S I -S3 are entirely originated by C. I. Lewis, and Oscar Becker made a major contribution towards logics S4-S5. Different origins of these systems seem to be a certain explanation for their semantic heterogeneity.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2000, 48, 1; 169-194
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Note on the Intuitionistic Logic of False Belief
Autorzy:
Witczak, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2142756.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-09-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Intuitionistic modal logic
non-normal modal logic
neighborhood semantics
Opis:
In this paper we analyse logic of false belief in the intuitionistic setting. This logic, studied in its classical version by Steinsvold, Fan, Gilbert and Venturi, describes the following situation: a formula $\varphi$ is not satisfied in a given world, but we still believe in it (or we think that it should be accepted). Another interpretations are also possible: e.g. that we do not accept $\varphi$ but it is imposed on us by a kind of council or advisory board. From the mathematical point of view, the idea is expressed by an adequate form of modal operator $\mathsf{W}$ which is interpreted in relational frames with neighborhoods. We discuss monotonicity of forcing, soundness, completeness and several other issues. Finally, we mention the fact that it is possible to investigate intuitionistic logics of unknown truths.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic; 2022, 51, 1; 57-71
0138-0680
2449-836X
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Siła i słabość logik modalnych
The Strengths and Weaknesses of Modal Logics
Autorzy:
Czakon, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/909495.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-03-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
Tematy:
modal logic
temporal logic
epistemic logic
Opis:
This is a review of the book Jedność i wielość logik modalnych (The Unity and Diversity of Modal Logics) edited by Marcin Tkaczyk. The book contains discussions of the most recent results of contemporary modal logic, focusing on regular modal logics, epistemic logic, and temporal logic. The book comprises four chapter, each of which deals with selected formal-logical and philosophical problems associated with modal logic.
Źródło:
Filozofia Nauki; 2020, 28, 1; 125-132
1230-6894
2657-5868
Pojawia się w:
Filozofia Nauki
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Założeniowe systemy normalnych logik modalnych
Natural Deduction Systems of Normal Modal Logics
Autorzy:
Tkaczyk, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2013342.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
logika modalna
normalna logika modalna
dedukcja naturalna
system założeniowy
modal logic
normal modal logic
natural deduction
Opis:
Most normal modal logics have been constructed as axiomatic systems rather than natural deduction. However, a lot of them have Gentzen-style or Kalish-Montague-style counterparts. Unfortunately, very few systems have Słupecki-Borkowski-style natural deduction counterparts. To fill in the gap is an aim of the present paper. The system K is developed as a Leśniewski-Borkowski-style natural deduction system in two ways. Equivalence of the systems is proved. A way is described to develop other normal systems beginning with the given system K.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2007, 55, 1; 219-228
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A New Arithmetically Incomplete First-Order Extension of Gl All Theorems of Which Have Cut Free Proofs
Autorzy:
Tourlakis, George
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/749974.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Modal logic
GL
first-order logic
proof theory
cut elimination
reflection property
disjunction property
quantified modal logic
QGL
arithmetical completeness
Opis:
Reference [12] introduced a novel formula to formula translation tool (“formula-tors”) that enables syntactic metatheoretical investigations of first-order modallogics, bypassing a need to convert them first into Gentzen style logics in order torely on cut elimination and the subformula property. In fact, the formulator tool,as was already demonstrated in loc. cit., is applicable even to the metatheoreticalstudy of logics such as QGL, where cut elimination is (provably, [2]) unavailable. This paper applies the formulator approach to show the independence of the axiom schema ☐A → ☐∀ A of the logics M3and ML3 of [17, 18, 11, 13]. This leads to the conclusion that the two logics obtained by removing this axiom are incomplete, both with respect to their natural Kripke structures and to arithmetical interpretations.  In particular, the so modified ML3 is, similarly to QGL, an arithmetically incomplete first-order extension of GL, but, unlike QGL, all its theorems have cut free proofs. We also establish here, via formulators, a stronger version of the disjunction property for GL and QGL without going through Gentzen versions of these logics (compare with the more complexproofs in [2,8]).
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic; 2016, 45, 1
0138-0680
2449-836X
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zastosowanie systemów pośrednich między S4 A S5 w kontekstach epistemicznych
Application of Systems that are Intermediate between S4 and S5 in Epistemic Contexts
Autorzy:
Lechniak, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2012906.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
logika modalna
systemy logiki modalnej
wiedza
przekonanie
pojęcia epistemiczne
modal logic
systems of modal logic
knowledge
belief
epistemic concepts
Opis:
The article presents systems of modal logics that are stronger than the S4 and weaker than the S5 systems. After a syntactic and semantic presentation of the systems, they are presented as applied to expressing the property of time. Then, after a discussion of some of Hintikka’s arguments concerning “the only” logic proper for the concept of knowledge and belief, against the background of a discussion of various concepts of knowledge and convictions, the application of the S4.2, S4.3, S4F systems as well as of the S4.4 system for expressing properties of epistemic concepts is shown.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2010, 58, 2; 41-60
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Semantical Proof of Subformula Property for the Modal Logics K4.3, KD4.3, and S4.3
Autorzy:
Yazaki, Daishi
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/750044.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
modal logic
analytic cut
subformula property
finite model property
Opis:
The main purpose of this paper is to give alternative proofs of syntactical and semantical properties, i.e. the subformula property and the nite model property, of the sequent calculi for the modal logics K4.3, KD4.3, and S4.3. The application of the inference rules is said to be acceptable, if all the formulas in the upper sequents are subformula of the formulas in lower sequent. For some modal logics, Takano analyzed the relationships between the acceptable inference rules and semantical properties by constructing models. By using these relationships, he showed Kripke completeness and subformula property. However, his method is difficult to apply to inference rules for the sequent calculi for K4.3, KD4.3, and S4.3. Lookinglosely at Takano's proof, we nd that his method can be modied to construct nite models based on the sequent calculus for K4.3, if the calculus has (cut) and all the applications of the inference rules are acceptable. Similarly, we can apply our results to the calculi for KD4.3 and S4.3. This leads not only to Kripke completeness and subformula property, but also to finite model property of these logics simultaneously.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic; 2019, 48, 4
0138-0680
2449-836X
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Simple Decision Procedure for S5 in Standard Cut-Free Sequent Calculus
Autorzy:
Indrzejczak, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/749928.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Modal logic S5
decidability
normal forms
sequent calculus
Opis:
In the paper a decision procedure for S5 is presented which uses a cut-free sequent calculus with additional rules allowing a reduction to normal modal forms. It utilizes the fact that in S5 every formula is equivalent to some 1-degree formula, i.e. a modally-flat formula with modal functors having only boolean formulas in its scope. In contrast to many sequent calculi (SC) for S5 the presented system does not introduce any extra devices. Thus it is a standard version of SC but with some additional simple rewrite rules. The procedure combines the proces of saturation of sequents with reduction of their elements to some normal modal form.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic; 2016, 45, 2
0138-0680
2449-836X
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On Paracomplete Versions of Jaśkowskis Discussive Logic
Autorzy:
Mruczek-Nasieniewska, Krystyna
Petrukhin, Yaroslav
Shangin, Vasily
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/43183714.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
discussive logic
discursive logic
modal logic
paracomplete logic
paraconsistent logic
Opis:
Jaśkowski's discussive (discursive) logic \( \mathbf{D_2} \) is historically one of the first paraconsistent logics, i.e., logics which 'tolerate' contradictions. Following Jaśkowski's idea to define his discussive logic by means of the modal logic \( \mathbf{ S5 } \) via special translation functions between discussive and modal languages, and supporting at the same time the tradition of paracomplete logics being the counterpart of paraconsistent ones, we present a paracomplete discussive logic \( \mathbf{ D_2^p } \).
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic; 2024, 53, 1; 29-61
0138-0680
2449-836X
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cut Elimination for Extended Sequent Calculi
Autorzy:
Martini, Simone
Masini, Andrea
Zorzi, Margherita
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/43182562.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
proof theory
sequent calculus
cut elimination
modal logic
2-sequents
Opis:
We present a syntactical cut-elimination proof for an extended sequent calculus covering the classical modal logics in the \(\mathsf{K}\), \(\mathsf{D}\), \(\mathsf{T}\), \(\mathsf{K4}\), \(\mathsf{D4}\) and \(\mathsf{S4}\) spectrum. We design the systems uniformly since they all share the same set of rules. Different logics are obtained by “tuning” a single parameter, namely a constraint on the applicability of the cut rule and on the (left and right, respectively) rules for \(\Box\) and \(\Diamond\). Starting points for this research are 2-sequents and indexed-based calculi (sequents and tableaux). By extending and modifying existing proposals, we show how to achieve a syntactical proof of the cut-elimination theorem that is as close as possible to the one for first-order classical logic. In doing this, we implicitly show how small is the proof-theoretical distance between classical logic and the systems under consideration.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic; 2023, 52, 4; 459-495
0138-0680
2449-836X
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Teodycea a logika modalna. Bogusława Wolniewicza polemika z krytyką teodycei u Pierre’a Bayle’a
Autorzy:
Mirosławski, Mateusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/668025.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
Tematy:
theodicy
modal logic
possibility
evil
Teodycea
logika modalna
możliwość
zło
Opis:
The essay aims at presenting original ideas of Bogusław Wolniewicz in the field of modal logic, which improve the traditional theodicy, criticized by Pierre Bayle. The classical theodicy attempts to reconcile divine omnipotence and God’s goodness. According to classical theodicy both of these elements can be reconciled, because evil is not the work of God, but a work of man – freedom is in fact necessary for a man so that he could do good, but to do good, a person automatically has to be able to do the evil (understood morally, not physically). Bayle’s argument says that freedom implies the possibility of evil and it does not imply its existence, and this means that evil can be avoided even with the assumption of freedom. Wolniewicz tries to refute that argument. He quotes a little known definitions of possibility derived from the logic of Megarian. It turns out to be an inspiration for him to introduce an original definition of possibility – “what is possible = what happened or what will happen in the future.” With this interpretation of possibility classic theodicy seems to be efficient.
Referat ma na celu zaprezentowanie oryginalnych pomysłów Bogusława Wolniewicza z dziedziny logiki modalnej, które służą usprawnieniu tradycyjnej teodycei, krytykowanej przez Pierre'a Bayle'a. Klasyczna teodycea stara się pogodzić boską wszechmoc z bożą dobrocią. Według klasycznej teodycei oba te elementy dają się pogodzić, ponieważ zło nie jest dziełem Boga, lecz człowieka – wolność jest bowiem konieczna dla człowieka, aby ten mógł czynić dobro, ale aby czynić dobro, człowiek automatycznie musi móc czynić także zło (rozumiane moralnie, nie fizycznie). Argumentacja Bayle'a mówi natomiast, że choć wolność implikuje możliwość zła, to nie implikuje jednak jego istnienia, a to oznacza, że zła można uniknąć nawet przy założeniu wolności. Wolniewicz stara się obalić tę argumentację. W tym celu przywołuje on mało znane definicje możliwości wywodzące się z logiki megarejskiej, które dostarczają inspiracji do wprowadzenia oryginalnej definicji możliwości – „to co możliwe = to, co się zdarzyło lub to co zdarzy się w przyszłości". Przy takiej interpretacji modalnej teodycea klasyczna wydaje się być sprawna
Źródło:
Racjonalia. Z punktu widzenia humanistyki; 2017, 7
2391-6540
2083-9952
Pojawia się w:
Racjonalia. Z punktu widzenia humanistyki
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polyadic algebras over nonclassical logics
Autorzy:
Pigozzi, Don
Salibra, Antonino
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1361079.pdf
Data publikacji:
1993
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Matematyczny PAN
Tematy:
lambda calculus
modal logic
intuitionistic logic
many-valued logic
BCK logic
Opis:
The polyadic algebras that arise from the algebraization of the first-order extensions of a SIC are characterized and a representation theorem is proved. Standard implicational calculi (SIC)'s were considered by H. Rasiowa [19] and include classical and intuitionistic logic and their various weakenings and fragments, the many-valued logics of Post and Łukasiewicz, modal logics that admit the rule of necessitation, BCK logic, etc.
Źródło:
Banach Center Publications; 1993, 28, 1; 51-66
0137-6934
Pojawia się w:
Banach Center Publications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
All splitting logics in the lattice NEXT(KTB:30A)
Autorzy:
Kostrzycka, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/121995.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Humanistyczno-Przyrodniczy im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
logika modalna
ramka Kripkego
klastry rozłączne
modal logic
Kripke’s frome
disjoint clusters
Opis:
We examine a special modal logic which is a normal extension of the Brouwer modal logic. It is determined by linearly ordered chains of clusters and the relation between clusters is reflexive and symmetric. The appropriate axiomatization of this logic is proposed in the papers [11] and [12]. There is also proved that all normal extensions of the investigated logic are Kripke complete and have f.m.p. Unfortunately, the cardinality of this family is continuum [13]. One may imagine that the structure of the lattice of these extensions is immensely complex. Then we use the technics of splitting to characterize this lattice and to describe some quite simple fragments. We characterize all the logics that split the lattice.
Źródło:
Scientific Issues of Jan Długosz University in Częstochowa. Mathematics; 2016, 21; 31-61
2450-9302
Pojawia się w:
Scientific Issues of Jan Długosz University in Częstochowa. Mathematics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Short and Readable Proof of Cut Elimination for Two First-Order Modal Logics
Autorzy:
Gao, Feng
Tourlakis, George
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/749884.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Modal logic
GL
QGL
first-order logic
proof theory
cut elimination
cut admissibility
provability logic
Opis:
A well established technique toward developing the proof theory of a Hilbert-style modal logic is to introduce a Gentzen-style equivalent (a Gentzenisation), then develop the proof theory of the latter, and finally transfer the metatheoretical results to the original logic (e.g., [1, 6, 8, 18, 10, 12]). In the first-order modal case, on one hand we know that the Gentzenisation of the straightforward first-order extension of GL, the logic QGL, admits no cut elimination (if the rule is included as primitive; or, if not included, then the rule is not admissible [1]). On the other hand the (cut-free) Gentzenisations of the first-order modal logics M3 and ML3 of [10, 12] do have cut as an admissible rule. The syntactic cut admissibility proof given in [18] for the Gentzenisation of the propositional provability logic GL is extremely complex, and it was the basis of the proofs of cut admissibility of the Gentzenisations of M3 and ML3, where the presence of quantifiers and quantifier rules added to the complexity and length of the proof. A recent proof of cut admissibility in a cut-free Gentzenisation of GL is given in [5] and is quite short and easy to read. We adapt it here to revisit the proofs for the cases of M3 and ML3, resulting to similarly short and easy to read proofs, only slightly complicated by the presence of quantification and its relevant rules.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic; 2015, 44, 3-4
0138-0680
2449-836X
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A certain approach to Kripke semantics for normal modal logics
Autorzy:
Bryll, G.
Sochacki, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/121860.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Humanistyczno-Przyrodniczy im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
logika modalna
semantyka Kripke
logika czasowa
logika matematyczna
modal logic
Kripke’s semantics
mathematical logic
Opis:
In this paper the authors propose a method of verifying formulae in normal modal logics. In order to show that a formula α is a thesis of a normal modal logic, a set of decomposition rules for any formula is given. These decomposition rules are based on the symbols of assertion and rejection of formulae.
Źródło:
Scientific Issues of Jan Długosz University in Częstochowa. Mathematics; 2009, 14; 13-20
2450-9302
Pojawia się w:
Scientific Issues of Jan Długosz University in Częstochowa. Mathematics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Computer-supported Analysis of Positive Properties, Ultrafilters and Modal Collapse in Variants of Gödels Ontological Argument
Autorzy:
Benzmüller, Christoph
Fuenmayor, David
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/750054.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
computational metaphysics
ontological argument
higher-order modal logic
higher-order logic
automated reasoning
modal ultrafilters
Opis:
Three variants of Kurt Gödel's ontological argument, proposed by Dana Scott, C. Anthony Anderson and Melvin Fitting, are encoded and rigorously assessed on the computer. In contrast to Scott's version of Gödel's argument the two variants contributed by Anderson and Fitting avoid modal collapse. Although they appear quite different on a cursory reading they are in fact closely related. This has been revealed in the computer-supported formal analysis presented in this article. Key to our formal analysis is the utilization of suitably adapted notions of (modal) ultrafilters, and a careful distinction between extensions and intensions of positive properties.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic; 2020, 49, 2
0138-0680
2449-836X
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Identity, equality, nameability and completeness. Part II
Autorzy:
Manzano, María
Moreno, Manuel Crescencio
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/749980.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
identity
equality
completeness
nameability
first-order modal logic
hybrid logic
hybrid type theory
equational hybrid propositional type theory
Opis:
This article is a continuation of our promenade along the winding roads of identity, equality, nameability and completeness. We continue looking for a place where all these concepts converge. We assume that identity is a binary relation between objects while equality is a symbolic relation between terms. Identity plays a central role in logic and we have looked at it from two different points of view. In one case, identity is a notion which has to be defined and, in the other case, identity is a notion used to define other logical concepts. In our previous paper, [16], we investigated whether identity can be introduced by definition arriving to the conclusion that only in full higher-order logic with standard semantics a reliable definition of identity is possible. In the present study we have moved to modal logic and realized that here we can distinguish in the formal language between two different equality symbols, the first one shall be interpreted as extensional genuine identity and only applies for objects, the second one applies for non rigid terms and has the characteristic of synonymy. We have also analyzed the hybrid modal logic where we can introduce rigid terms by definition and can express that two worlds are identical by using the nominals and the @ operator. We finish our paper in the kingdom of identity where the only primitives are lambda and equality. Here we show how other logical concepts can be defined in terms of the identity relation. We have found at the end of our walk a possible point of convergence in the logic Equational Hybrid Propositional Type Theory (EHPTT), [14] and [15].
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic; 2018, 47, 3
0138-0680
2449-836X
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Über Sokratische Weisheit als intellektuelle Bescheidenheit
On Socratic wisdom as intellectual humility
Autorzy:
Löhrer, Guido
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/666033.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Weisheit
intellektuelle Bescheidenheit
Wissen zweiter Stufe
epistemische Logik
wisdom
intellectual humility
second-order knowledge
epistemic modal logic
Opis:
In Plato’s Apology of Socrates, a humanly wise person is distinguished by her ability to correctly assess the epistemic status and value of her factual opinions. She knows whether she possesses knowledge or has mere opinion or is ignorant. It is also a widely shared view that intellectual humility, albeit not the same as wisdom, is one of a humanly wisdom’s necessary features. However, if the considerations presented here are valid and cover the spectrum of relevant interpretations, this is not tenable for Socratic wisdom. Fallible beings who claim to possess second-order knowledge of the epistemic status of their beliefs cannot be other than epistemically immodest. If Socratic wisdom requires epistemic humility, Socrates is not wise.
In Platons Apologie des Sokrates zeichnet sich eine auf menschliche Art weise Person durch ihre Fähigkeit aus, den epistemischen Status und den Wert ihrer Meinungen über Sachverhalte korrekt zu beurteilen. Sie weiß, ob es sich bei ihnen um Wissen oder bloß um Meinung handelt, aber auch, ob sie etwas nicht weiß. Es ist zudem eine breit geteilte Auffassung, dass intellektuelle Bescheidenheit, obwohl nicht dasselbe wie Weisheit, ein bedeutender Aspekt der Weisheit ist. Doch wenn die hier vorgestellten Überlegungen triftig sind und das Spektrum der relevanten Deutungen abdecken, ist das für Sokratische Weisheit nicht haltbar. Denn die Bedingungen für korrekte Urteile über den epistemischen Status der eigenen Meinungen sind so anspruchsvoll, dass fehlbare Wesen, die ein entsprechendes Wissen zweiter Stufe beanspruchen, nicht anders als epistemisch unbescheiden sein können. Wenn Sokratische Weisheit epistemische Bescheidenheit verlangt, ist Sokrates nicht weise.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Philosophica. Ethica – Aesthetica – Practica; 2018, 32; 141-163
0208-6107
2353-9631
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Philosophica. Ethica – Aesthetica – Practica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
O modalnej naturze argumentu w. Anzelma. Uwagi do artykułu „Logika modalna a dowód ontologiczny” Andrzeja Biłata
On the Modal Nature of St. Anselm's Argument. Remarks on Andrzej Biłat's Paper Modal Logic vs Ontological Argument
Autorzy:
Świętorzecka, Kordula
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/968577.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-03-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
Opis:
The paper examines the justification of two theses put forward in the article Modal Logic vs Ontological Argument by Andrzej Biłat: (1) the Anselmian ontological argument does not essentially engage modalities, and its force is not dependent on any specific logical modal laws (but only on classical logic); (2) the only source of modal force of the ontological proof is the Leibnizian theory of perfections. Biłat considers Hartshorne's version of the ontological proof and proposes his own formalization based on classical logic alone. We compare the presented theories and their formal background. We follow the proposed justification of Biłat's main opinion, point out its problematic (and not valid) fragments, and discuss its formal and material correctness. In conclusion, we consider the known possibilities of nontrivial application of modal logics to the analysis of St. Anselm's argument and some of its modern versions.
Źródło:
Filozofia Nauki; 2014, 22, 1; 131-137
1230-6894
2657-5868
Pojawia się w:
Filozofia Nauki
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bóg, modalność, esencjalizm. Pewna wersja szkotystycznego dowodu tezy o istnieniu Boga
God, Modality and Essentialism. A Version of the Scotist Proof for God’s Existence
Autorzy:
Tkaczyk, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2013049.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
Duns Szkot
dowód na istnienie Boga
logika modalna
esencjalizm
Duns Scotus
proof for God’s existence
modal logic
essentialism
Opis:
A proof for God’s existence, inspired by Duns Scotus’s Tractatus de primo principio, is analyzed. The conclusion is based on three premises arranged in the matrix of a specific modal logic. The premises are: 1. it is possible for the world to be created by God; 2. if the world is created by God, then God exists; 3. if God exists, then God exists necessarily. In comparison to the original Scotus’s work the concept of essential order has been removed and replaced with a concept of creation. Modal expressions of the proof have been analyzed with an application of essentialism of Aristotle and Ibn Sina – the version of essentialism accepted by Scotus. Scotus’s underlying modal logic has been reconstructed and discussed in two versions: 1. as a modal logic with one pair of natural modalities; 2. as a multimodal logic with two pairs of modalities – natural and logical. The concept of natural modality is based on the essentialism discussed, the concept of logical modality is based on Scotus’s idea of non repugnantia terminorum.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2009, 57, 1; 231-256
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zagadnienie konstruowalności logik modalnych i relewantnych
The Problem of Possibility of Construction of Modal and Relevance Logics
Autorzy:
Januszewski, Ernest
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2015846.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-10-15
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
logika modalna
logika relewantna
filozofia logiki
reguła Gödla
reguła koniecznościowania
modal logic
relevance logic
philosophy of logic
Gödel's rule
rule of necessitation
Opis:
In the paper various ways are shown of constructing both modal and relevance logics. An attempt is undertaken of interpreting modal functors occurring in these logics. In the discussion special attention is paid to logical necessity. Connection of this necessity and tautologies of the classical sentential calculus is pointed to. Next, some intuitive considerations are quoted that resulted in accepting or refusing certain theses or rules on the ground of both modal and relevance logics. Especially much attention is paid to Gödel's rule. It is stated that at the moment when modal and relevance logics were constructed satisfactory philosophical considerations were not made. In particular, it was not decided if the constructed systems give correct formalization of modal notions, and if they may be used for formalization of deductive ways of infering.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2003, 51, 1; 85-112
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Krata podwójna: próba opisu wydarzeń przyszłych za pomocą narzędzi logicznych
Autorzy:
Bażyk, Albert Przemysław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/429119.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
Tematy:
two-valued logic
many-valued logic
expansion of classical logic
modal logic
semantic supervaluationism
semantic subvaluationism
the FOUR double lattice
Belnap’s four-valued logic
Opis:
An unflagging interest in describing future events has continuously motivated investigations, particularly in the field of logic.Aristotle, universally acknowledged as the father of logic, proposed a set of certain bases from which we could depart with our investigations. However, these are tools in which, despite their great value, one can perceive certain shortcomings.Over the centuries many attempts have been made to discover a means of describing any sentence, expressed in any grammatical form. One of these attempts is bilattice theory, through which it has been attempted to describe future events. This theory makes use of tools such as vagueness and different forms of semantics including subvaluationism and supervaluationism.In lattice theory itself, the double lattice known as the FOUR lattice (four-valued bilattice logic) is directly employed.After analyzing the structure of a given theory one may easily make use of it in practice, providing examples of its usage.
Źródło:
Semina Scientiarum; 2012, 11
1644-3365
Pojawia się w:
Semina Scientiarum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Relatywizm wyrażeń „autorytet niepodważalny” i „autorytet podważalny”
Relativism expressions „authority to challenge” and „authority of indisputable”
Autorzy:
Karaskiewicz, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2142662.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
authority to challenge
authority of indisputable
hypostasis error
language competence
bivalent modal logic
autorytet podważalny
autorytet niepodważalny
błąd hipostazy
kompetencja językowa
logika modalna dwuwartościowa
Opis:
I will present my considerations in the context of classic bivalent modal logics, and on the direct basis I made two expressions “authority to challenge" and "authority of indisputable". From the point of view of semantics, they are least understood. The reason is that every external authority, regardless of how it will be called (eg tradition, person, institution, charismatic etc., etc.) a priori is a contestable or irrefutable authority. It results from time relativism, relativism of the place, relativism of language competence and relativism of knowledge. Therefore, I argue that all evaluation should be formulated in problematic sentences about the possibility of bilateral.
Źródło:
IDEA. Studia nad strukturą i rozwojem pojęć filozoficznych; 2018, 30/1; 122-135
0860-4487
Pojawia się w:
IDEA. Studia nad strukturą i rozwojem pojęć filozoficznych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pragmatyczne znaczenia predykatu modalnego móc w konstrukcjach konwersacyjnych dzieci przedszkolnych
Pragmatical senses of modal predicate móc in conversational constructions of preschool children
Autorzy:
Brzdęk, Ewa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/475725.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
Tematy:
modalność intencjonalna
modalność fakultatywna
predykat modalny móc
pragmalingwistyka
pośrednie akty mowy
kompetencja dyskursywna
intentional modality
modal logic
modal predicate móc
pragmalinguistics
indirect acts of speech
discourse competence
Opis:
W pracy koncentrujemy się głownie na określeniu zakresu użycia pragmatycznych wariantów znaczenia predykatu modalnego moc w konstrukcjach konwersacyjnych dzieci przedszkolnych. Opis konkretnych realizacji orzeczeń modalnych w wypowiedzeniach dotyczy niektórych aspektów modalności zdaniowej i fakultatywnej oraz wybranych zagadnień systemowych, sytuacyjnych i interakcyjnych języka. Biorąc pod uwagę kontekst pragmatycznojęzykowy i interakcyjny konstrukcji modalnych i innych, obecnych w tekstach, zwracamy uwagę na jakość kompetencji dyskursywnej dzieci przedszkolnych.
The paper concerns the analysis of the modal logic and intentional constructions with the modal verb móc in preschool discourse. Some aspects of pragmalinguistic and systemic-functional theory provide tools to characterize the ways in which children use constructions in the colloquial-conversational language and text. Our analysis is focused on the sense of predicate móc in particular applications and on the process of creation of indirect acts of speech. It also provides information on the development of discourse competence of children.
Źródło:
Socjolingwistyka; 2016, 30; 245-259
0208-6808
Pojawia się w:
Socjolingwistyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On Theses without Iterated Modalities of Modal Logics Between C1 and S5. Part 2
Autorzy:
Pietruszczak, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/750008.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
first-degree theses of modal logics
theses without iterated modalities
Pollack’s theory of Basic Modal Logic
basic theories for modal logics between C1 and S5
Opis:
This is the second, out of two papers, in which we identify all logics between C1 and S5 having the same theses without iterated modalities. All these logics can be divided into certain groups. Each such group depends only on which of the following formulas are theses of all logics from this group: (N), (T), (D), ⌜(T)∨☐q⌝, and for any n > 0 a formula ⌜(T) ∨ (altn)⌝, where (T) has not the atom ‘q’, and (T) and (altn) have no common atom. We generalize Pollack’s result from [1], where he proved that all modal logics between S1 and S5 have the same theses which does not involve iterated modalities (i.e., the same first-degree theses).
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic; 2017, 46, 3/4
0138-0680
2449-836X
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On Theses Without Iterated Modalities of Modal Logics Between C1 and S5. Part 1
Autorzy:
Pietruszczak, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/749944.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
first-degree theses of modal logics
theses without iterated modalities
Pollack’s theory of Basic Modal Logic
basic theories for modal logics between C1 and S5
Opis:
This is the first, out of two papers, in which we identify all logics between C1 and S5 having the same theses without iterated modalities. All these logics canbe divided into certain groups. Each such group depends only on which of thefollowing formulas are theses of all logics from this group: (N), (T), (D), ⌜(T)∨ ☐q⌝,and for any n > 0 a formula ⌜(T) ∨ (altn)⌝, where (T) has not the atom ‘q’, and(T) and (altn) have no common atom. We generalize Pollack’s result from [12],where he proved that all modal logics between S1 and S5 have the same theseswhich does not involve iterated modalities (i.e., the same first-degree theses).
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic; 2017, 46, 1/2
0138-0680
2449-836X
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
O związkach między uproszczoną semantyką S. Kripkego dla systemów logiki modalnej a ujęciem algebraicznym syntaktyki tych systemów i ich semantyki
On the Relations between S. Kripkes Simplified Semantics for the Systems of Modal Logic and an Algebraical Approach to the Syntax of these Systems and their Semantics
Autorzy:
Czernecka, Bożena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1918700.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-11-13
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Opis:
The first part of this paper presents the syntax of several most important systems of contemporary modal propositional logic. The presentation is given in two versions: typical and algebraical. The second part deals with the semantics of the systems in question. Here one highlights especially this semantics which is often regarded in texts as philosophically crucial. The paper seeks to give, as it seems, exhaustive metalogical and strictly logical analyses, which show the relations between the models of set theory, which occur in S. Kripke's semantics, and appropriate algebraic models. The formalization of the algebraic theorems which deal with the completeness of the systems under analysis is the central aim of the third part of this paper.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 1995, 43, 1; 71-108
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Knowability as De Re Modality: A Certain Solution to Fitch Paradox
Poznawalność jako modalność de re: pewne rozwiązanie paradoksu Fitcha
Autorzy:
Jarmużek, Tomasz
Krawczyk, Krzysztof
Palczewski, Rafał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1791006.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-01-04
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
antyrealizm
modalność de dicto
modalność de re
logika epistemiczna
paradoks Fitcha
logika poznawalności
zasada poznawalności
logika modalna
metody tablicowe
anti-realism
de dicto modality
de re modality
epistemic logic
Fitch Paradox
knowability logic
knowability principle
modal logic
tableaux methods
Opis:
In the paper, we try to find a new, intuitive solution to the Fitch paradox. We claim that traditional expression of Knowability Principle (p → ◊Kp) is based on erroneous understanding of knowability as de dicto modality. Instead, we propose to understand knowability as de re modality. In the paper we present the minimal logic of knowability in which Knowability Principle is valid, but Fitch Paradox does not hold anymore. We characterize the logic semantically as well as by an axiomatic and tableaux procedure approach.
W artykule staramy się znaleźć nowe, intuicyjne rozwiązanie paradoksu Fitcha. Twierdzimy, że tradycyjne wyrażenie zasady poznawalności (p → ◊Kp) opiera się na błędnym rozumieniu poznawalności jako modalności de dicto. Zamiast tego proponujemy rozumieć poznawalność jako modalność de re. W artykule przedstawiamy minimalną logikę poznawalności, w której zasada poznawalności jest ważna, ale paradoks Fitcha już nie obowiązuje. Logikę charakteryzujemy semantycznie, a także poprzez podejście aksjomatyczne i tabelaryczne.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2020, 68, 4; 291-313
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Towards leibnizian possibility. Formal frame of modal theory of individual concepts
Autorzy:
Świętorzecka, Kordula
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430896.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
formal ontology
Leibniz Gottfried Wilhelm
theory of concepts
possible worlds semantics
modal free logic
ontologia formalna
Leibniz Godfryd Wilhelm
teoria pojęć
semantyka światów możliwych
modalna logika wolna
Opis:
In the presented analyses we propose a formal complement to a certain version of the semantics of possible worlds inspired by Leibniz’s ideas and provide an adequate logic of it. As the starting point we take the approach of Benson Mates (Leibniz on possible worlds). Mates refers to Leibniz’ philosophy, but also uses tools of contemporary semantics of possible worlds and elaborates on an original conception of predication due to which possible worlds can be identified with collections of certain concepts, and not individuals. We complete a fragmentary description given by Mates in order to analyze if his conception allows for the establishment of this specific idea of a possible world. Our first step is to define a notion of the individual concept and describe possible world semantics in which possible worlds consist of individual concepts of compossible individuals (s-worlds). Our second step is to choose some version of modal free logic with the identity (S5MFLID), which is complete in our reformulation of Mates’ semantics. The connections between standard interpretation of S5MFLID and semantics inspired by Mates show that our logic does not distinguish s-worlds from i-worlds – counterparts of s-worlds that are collections of individuals.
Źródło:
Studia Philosophiae Christianae; 2013, 49, 3; 71-84
0585-5470
Pojawia się w:
Studia Philosophiae Christianae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
J. C. Beall, Bas C. Van Fraassen, Possibilities and Paradox. An Introduction to Modal and Many-Valued Logic
J. C. Beall, Bas C. Van Fraassen, Possibilities and Paradox. An Introduction to Modal and Many-Valued Logic, Oxford University Press 2003, pp. 233. ISBN 0199259879 (10987654321)
Autorzy:
Lechniak, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2013302.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2007, 55, 2; 240-244
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modal Boolean Connexive Logics: Semantics and Tableau Approach
Autorzy:
Jarmużek, Tomasz
Malinowski, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/749968.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Boolean connexive logics
connexive logic
modal Boolean connexive logics
modal logics
normal modal logics
possible worlds semantics
relatedness
relating logic
relating semantics
tableau methods
Opis:
In this paper we investigate Boolean connexive logics in a language with modal operators: □, ◊. In such logics, negation, conjunction, and disjunction behave in a classical, Boolean way. Only implication is non-classical. We construct these logics by mixing relating semantics with possible worlds. This way, we obtain connexive counterparts of basic normal modal logics. However, most of their traditional axioms formulated in terms of modalities and implication do not hold anymore without additional constraints, since our implication is weaker than the material one. In the final section, we present a tableau approach to the discussed modal logics.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic; 2019, 48, 3; 213-243
0138-0680
2449-836X
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Logika racjonalności. W stronę modalnego platonizmu matematycznego
The Logic of Rationality. Towards Modal Mathematical Platonism
Autorzy:
Wilczek, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/691018.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Copernicus Center Press
Tematy:
Alfred N. Whitehead
Alfred Tarski
logical consequence
ZFC
second-order set theory
forcing
modal logics
field of rationality
structuralism
platonism
Opis:
In this article Whitehead’s philosophy of mathematics is characterized as a Structural Second-Order Platonism and it is demonstrated that the Whiteheadian ontology is consistent with modern formal approaches to the foundation of mathematics. We follow the pathway taken by model-theoretically and semantically oriented philosophers. Consequently, it is supposed that all mathematical theories (understood as deductively closed set of sentences) determine their own models. These models exist mind-independently in the realm of eternal objects. From the metatheoretical point of view the hypothesis (posed by Józef Życiński) of the Rationality Field is explored. It is indicated that relationships between different models can be described in the language of modal logics and can further be axiomatized in the framework of the Second Order Set Theory. In conclusion, it is asserted that if any model (of a mathematical theory) is understood, in agreement with Whitehead’s philosophy, as a collection of eternal objects, which can be simultaneously realized in a single actual occasion, then our external world is governed by the hidden pattern encoded in the field of pure potentialities which constitute the above mentioned Field of Rationality. Therefore, this work can be regarded as the first step towards building a Logic of Rationality.
Źródło:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2011, 49; 98-122
0867-8286
2451-0602
Pojawia się w:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Logics with Impossibility as the Negation and Regular Extensions of the Deontic Logic D2
Autorzy:
Mruczek-Nasieniewska, Krystyna
Nasieniewski, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/750018.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
non-classical negation
modalized negation
impossibility
correspondence
regular modal logics
the smallest regular deontic logic D2
Opis:
In [1] J.-Y. Bèziau formulated a logic called Z. Bèziau’s idea was generalized independently in [6] and [7]. A family of logics to which Z belongs is denoted in [7] by K. In particular; it has been shown in [6] and [7] that there is a correspondence between normal modal logics and logics from the class K. Similar; but only partial results has been obtained also for regular logics (see [8] and [9]). In (Došen; [2]) a logic N has been investigated in the language with negation; implication; conjunction and disjunction by axioms of positive intuitionistic logic; the right-to-left part of the second de Morgan law; and the rules of modus ponens and contraposition. From the semantical point of view the negation used by Došen is the modal operator of impossibility. It is known this operator is a characteristic of the modal interpretation of intuitionistic negation (see [3; p. 300]). In the present paper we consider an extension of N denoted by N+. We will prove that every extension of N+ that is closed under the same rules as N+; corresponds to a regular logic being an extension of the regular deontic logic D21 (see [4] and [13]). The proved correspondence allows to obtain from soundnesscompleteness result for any given regular logic containing D2, similar adequacy theorem for the respective extension of the logic N+.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic; 2017, 46, 3/4
0138-0680
2449-836X
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rola funktorów modalnych w początkowym etapie konstruowania logiki niefregowskiej
The Role of Modal Functors at the Initial Stage of Construing the Non-Fregean Logic
Autorzy:
Szpara, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2016227.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Opis:
Roman Suszko emphasised several times that the non-Fregean logic that he created is supposed to be a formal reconstruction of the view of the world proposed by L. Wittgenstein in his Logical-Philosophical Treatise. In the article an attempt was made at clarifying the role played by modal functors at the initial stage of construing this logic. First it pointed to the fact that most particular axioms or theorems connected with these functors may be found in T. Feys’ system and in Lewis’ modal systems. Next, in view of what some axioms, theorems or definitions accepted by Suszko express, the author tried to establish what relations are expressed by the necessity and possibility functors. In the course of this, various difficulties were revealed that made it impossible to interpret these functors in an unambiguous way.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2000, 48, 1; 239-248
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Programmable logic devices as a tool in structures damage detection applications
Programowalne urządzenia logiczne jako narzędzie w wykrywaniu uszkodzeń
Autorzy:
Maj, W.
Mendrok, K.
Barszcz, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/368825.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
modal filter
damage detection
programmable logic devices
data processing
filtr modalny
wykrywanie uszkodzeń
programowalne urządzenie logiczne
przetwarzanie danych
Opis:
Programmable logic devices is one of the most dynamically developing fields of technology today. It is widely used in many kinds of signal acquisition as well as data processing systems mainly because of it's large flexibility and continuously growing abilities. It gives a designer a powerful tool, which allows for the creation of almost any kind of logic topology and any kind of data processing system, which additionally may be freely reprogrammable without any physical changes in the platform device. This paper briefly describes programmable devices technology contribution in the development of various SHM (System Health Monitoring) systems. The SUM systems mentioned in this paper have already been designed, built and successfully tested on real structures.
Programowalne urządzenia logiczne to jedno z najprężniej rozwijających się obecnie dziedzin technologii. Są szeroko stosowane w wielu rodzajach układów akwizycji czy przetwarzania danych, głównie z uwagi na swą elastyczność i ciągle wzrastające możliwości. Dają projektantowi narzędzie, które pozwala tworzyć dowolną topologię logicznego układu przetwarzania danych. Dodatkowym atutem jest dowolna możliwość przeprogramowania ich bez konieczności fizycznej zmiany konfiguracji układu. Ten artykuł opisuje zastosowanie wspomnianej technologii do budowy układów związanych z monitorowaniem stanu obiektów. Pokazane w pracy układy zostały zaprojektowane, wykonane i przetestowane na obiektach technicznych.
Źródło:
Mechanics and Control; 2013, 32, 1; 1-5
2083-6759
2300-7079
Pojawia się w:
Mechanics and Control
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
„Normy wirtualne” a obowiązki realne. O instrumentalnym wynikaniu norm i jego konsekwencjach dla prakseologicznej prawidłowości zmian w prawie
„Virtual Norms” but Real Obligations. On Instrumental Inference of Legal Norms and its Consequences for Praxeological Correctness of Changes in Law
Autorzy:
Zajęcki, Maurycy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082859.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Akademia Leona Koźmińskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
teoria prawa
normy prawne
legislacja
inferencja modalna
logika norm
vacatio legis
Trybunał Konstytucyjny
theory of law
legal norms
legislation
modal inference
logic of norms
Constitutional Tribunal
Opis:
Artykuł podejmuje problematykę inferencji modalnej: jeśli adresaci normy mają nakazane coś czynić, zobowiązani są także zrealizować stany rzeczy, które są warunkiem niezbędnym dla zrealizowania zasadniczego obowiązku; analogicznie, są oni zobowiązani do powstrzymania się od zrealizowania stanów rzeczy, które są warunkiem wystarczającym, by zasadniczy obowiązek nie mógł być zrealizowany. Te typy inferencji są nazywane w polskiej teorii prawa „wynikaniem instrumentalnym”. Twierdzi się w artykule, że czasami normy instrumentalne muszą być zrealizowane (inaczej: muszą być podjęte „czynności wstępne”) zanim zrealizowany zostanie obowiązek zasadniczy. Prawodawca pomaga adresatom poprzez oznaczenie odpowiedniej vacatio legis. To może prowadzić do dalszych paradoksalnych konsekwencji – do kreacji „norm wirtualnych” – norm, które nigdy nie wchodzą w życie, ale ich adresaci są zobowiązani do podjęcia czynności przygotowawczych. Artykuł stara się opisać teoretycznie to zjawisko. W konkluzji postawiona zostaje jedna hipoteza dogmatyczna: czynności przygotowawcze, które nałożyły na adresatów realny ciężar czynności przygotowawczych, mogą rodzić po stronie organów władzy publicznej obowiązek kompensacyjny (art. 4171 § 1 k.c.), jeśli obowiązek zasadniczy okaże się być „wirtualny”. W Polsce organem mogącym stwierdzić zajście opisanej przesłanki jest Trybunał Konstytucyjny.
The article deals with the problem of modal inference: if some addressees are obliged to do something, they are also obliged to realize states of affairs which constitute a necessary condition for the main obligation. Likewise, they are obliged to refrain from realizing states of affairs which constitute a sufficient condition for the action contradicting the main obligation. This type of inference is called in Polish legal theory “instrumental inference”. It is argued in the article that sometimes instrumental norms in law must be fulfilled (“preparatory actions” must be undertaken) before the main obligation is fulfilled. Lawgiver helps addressees of norms by applying vacatio legis. It can lead to new paradoxical consequences – to the creation of “virtual norms” – norms which never come into force, but addressees are obliged to undertake preparatory actions. The article presents theoretical description of this phenomenon. In conclusion one dogmatic claim is proposed: there is a potential way (art. 4171 § 1 k.c.) of getting from public officials compensation for preparatory actions which caused burden for addressees, when the main obligation turned out to be “virtual”. In Poland this procedure should be based on the rulings of the Constitutional Tribunal.
Źródło:
Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem; 2021, 13, 2; 227-247
2080-1084
2450-7938
Pojawia się w:
Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-57 z 57

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