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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 17
Tytuł:
Aspects of life mode among Ordovician asteroids: Implications of new specimens from Baltica
Autorzy:
Blake, D B
Rozhnov, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22238.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
asteroid
Echinodermata
Ordovician
Asteroidea
new species
new genus
Estoniaster maennili
paleontology
functional morphology
Estonia
Opis:
A new genus and species of Asteroidea (Echinodermata), Estoniaster maennili, is described from the Upper Ordovician (Caradocian) of Estonia; it is similar to the western European genus Platanaster and the North American Lanthanaster and an as yet unpublished new genus. Specimens of Urasterella? sp. and Cnemidactissp. are recognized from the Middle Ordovician of northwest Russia; although similar to known species, incomplete preservation precludes more precise taxonomic assessment. Asteroids are important in many existing marine communities, and in spite of a meager fossil record, diversity suggests they were important in the early Paleozoic as well. Some debate has centered on arm flexibility in early asteroids, which bears on their roles in their communities. Parallels in ambulacral series arrangement between Ordovician and extant species and presence of an ambulacral furrow indicate similar broad ranges of motion and therefore potentially parallel ecologic roles. Many factors might have contributed to the differences between ancient and extant ambulacral articulation, including changes in positioning of a part of the water vascular system, changes in predation and bioturbation pressures, and taphonomic events that obscure skeletal details.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2007, 52, 3
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Revision of the flexible crinoid genus Ammonicrinus and a new hypothesis on its life mode
Autorzy:
Bohaty, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20333.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
flexible crinoid
crinoid
Ammonicrinus
new hypothesis
life mode
Crinoidea
Flexibilia
Devonian
Eifelian
Rhenish Massif
Germany
paleontology
Middle Devonian
Opis:
The lecanocrinid Ammonicrinus(Flexibilia) is newly interpreted based on new material from the Middle Devonian of the Rhenish Massif (Eifel and Bergisches Land, Germany). The species have echinoid−like tubercles on the attachment and on the column, which bear articulated spines. The intraspecific variability of the column is discussed for three facies−controlled morphotypes, herein classified as standard “exposed−” or “encased roller−type” and the rare “settler−type”. New specimens have floating transitions between different plate sculpturing and between those individuals with none or one to several columnals with herein termed “lateral columnal enclosure extensions” on the proximal−most, barrel−like dististele and the following mesistele, which is solely distinguished by these extensions. Based on this interpretation, Ammonicrinus kongieli is evaluated as a subjective junior synonym of Ammonicrinus sulcatus. The latter species was first recognised from the Eifel (Germany). “Ammonicrinus wachtbergensis”, from the upper Eifelian of the Eifel, is declared a subjective junior synonym of Ammonicrinus doliiformis. The first nearly complete specimen of Ammonicrinus kerdreoletensis is described from the lower Eifelian of Vireux−Molhain (southern Ardennes, France). Two new species are described: Ammonicrinus jankei sp. nov. and Ammonicrinus leunisseni sp. nov. A functional morphologic trend in perfecting the crown encasement by continuous modification of the lateral columnal enclosure extensions of the mesistele from the Eifelian to the Givetian, indicates a vagile benthic “predator”−driven evolution of ammonicrinids in the Eifel area. Several ammonicrinid species are herein defined as spined soft−bottom dwellers, feeding in low−intensity current water, possibly through a self−produced water flow. The first known postmortem encrusting epizoans on ammonicrinid endoskeletons are reported.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2011, 56, 3
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sublethal injuries in Early Devonian cephalopod shells from Morocco
Autorzy:
Klug, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22322.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
Ammonoidea
Bactritoidea
Devonian
Early Devonian
Gnathostomata
Morocco
cephalopod
paleontology
shell
predation
life mode
ectocochleate cephalopod
Opis:
Internal moulds of the relatively small− to moderate−size shells of Early Devonian ectocochleate cephalopods (typically <150 mm diameter) occasionally display traces of repaired shell damage. Presumably, these animals with their highly specialized buoyancy device, the phragmocone, lived in the water column. It is uncertain as to how the shells of these animals were damaged; one likely cause would be predatory attacks but the identity of the perpetrator remains uncertain. So far, no remains of arthropods capable of breaking or cutting shells have been found in the fossiliferous outcrops of this age in the Anti−Atlas (Morocco). The only macrovertebrate remains of this age are of acanthodian and placoderm fish which probably lived a more or less benthonic life style. Additionally, a fish attack on these cephalopods would probably have destroyed most of the thin−shelled conch and killed the animal. Most of the repaired shell breaks are triangular in shape which is characteristic for cephalopod bite marks. Additionally, the paired arrangement of the fractures in over 70 bactritoids supports the hypothesis that it was a cephalopod attacking another cephalopod. It cannot be excluded with certainty that occasional vertebrate attacks left traces on their shells. Fossil evidence indicates that the development of tightly coiled conchs was a rapid evolutionary event in the Ammonoidea in the Early Devonian; however, the evolution of coiling is probably not directly related to predation pressures because the ratio of injured to healthy specimens is roughly the same in Zlíchovian bactritoids with orthoconic and ammonoids with coiled shells.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2007, 52, 4
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mode of life of graptolites
Autorzy:
Hartshorne Kirk, N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22778.pdf
Data publikacji:
1978
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 1978, 23, 4
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Concentration of juvenile and small cephalopods in the Hirnantian cherts [Late Ordovician] of Porkuni, Estonia
Autorzy:
Kroger, B
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20351.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
juvenile cephalopod
Cephalopoda
Nautiloidea
small adult cephalopod
cephalopod
Late Ordovician
Ordovician
life mode
Porkuni village
paleontology
Estonia
Opis:
The quarry in the north Estonian village of Porkuni provides a succession of shallow−water limestones and cherts spanning the Ashgillian Normalograptus? extraordinarius graptolite Biozone. This interval comprises the initial pulse of the end−Ordovician extinction. The succession of Porkuni contains abundant and extraordinarily well−preserved fossils. 71 cephalopod specimens were extracted from these strata at Porkuni. Many of these specimens are fragments of juvenile shells or small adults. The embryonic shells of the cephalopods are usually preserved and provide insight into their early ontogeny. The faunal composition is considered as autochthonous and reflects a “palaeo−nursery” in a Hirnantian reef environment. The collected specimens represent twelve genera and four orders. Small oncoceridans and orthoceridans dominate the association. The rate of endemism is very high, since only two genera found in Porkuni, are known from outside Baltoscandia. The new genera Parvihebetoceras, Pomerantsoceras, Porkunioceras, and the new species Parvihebetoceras wahli, Pomerantsoceras tibia, Porkunioceras tuba, and Strandoceras orvikui are erected.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2007, 52, 3
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Functional anatomy and mode of life of the latest Jurassic crinoid Saccocoma
Autorzy:
Brodacki, M
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/21680.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
Saccocoma
Tithonian
brachial articulation
crinoid
Late Jurassic
Roveacrinida
functional anatomy
paleontology
Crinoidea
Opis:
Loose elements of the roveacrinid Saccocoma from the Tithonian red Rogoża Coquina, Rogoźnik, Pieniny Klippen Belt, Poland, are used to test the contradictory opinions on the mode of life of Saccocoma. The investigated elements belong to three morphological groups, which represent at least two separate species: S. tenella, S. vernioryi, and a third form, whose brachials resemble those of S. vernioryi but are equipped with wings of different shape. The geometry of brachials’ articular surfaces reveals that the arms of Saccocoma were relatively inflexible in their proximal part and left the cup at an angle of no more than 45, then spread gradually to the sides. There is no evidence that the wings were permanently oriented in either horizontal or vertical position, as proposed by two different benthic life−style hypotheses. The first secundibrachial was probably more similar to the first primibrachial than to the third secundibrachial, in contrast to the traditional assumption. The winged parts of the arms were too close to the cup and presumably too stiff to propel the animal in the water efficiently. Swimming was probably achieved by movements of the distal, finely branched parts of the arms. The nonhorizontal attitude of the winged parts of the arms is also not entirely consistent with the assumption that they functioned as a parachute. Moreover, the wings added some weight and thus increased the energy costs associated with swimming. The hydrodynamic benefits balancing these extra costs are not entirely clear, but it seems probable that the wings reduced the sinking rate of the animal not by increasing the pressure drag, as suggested by the parachute−analogy, but by increasing the surface drag (friction drag), which also harmonize with the presence of spines, reticulate sculpture and conspicuous vacuolar ornamentation in some species of Saccocoma.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2006, 51, 2
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mode of life and hydrostatic stability of orthoconic ectocochleate cephalopods: Hydrodynamic analyses of restoring moments from 3D printed, neutrally buoyant models
Autorzy:
Peterman, D.J.
Ciampaglio, C.N.
Shell, R.C.
Yacobucci, M.M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20680.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Opis:
Theoretical 3D models were digitally reconstructed from a phragmocone section of Baculites compressus in order to investigate the hydrostatic properties of the orthoconic morphotype. These virtual models all had the capacity for neutral buoyancy (or nearly so) and were highly stable with vertical syn vivo orientations. Body chamber lengths exceeding approximately 40% of the shell length cause buoyancy to become negative with the given modeled proportions. The distribution of cameral liquid within the phragmocone does not change orientation and only slightly influences hydrostatic stability. The mass of cameral liquid required to completely reduce stability, permitting a non-vertical static orientation, would cause the living cephalopod to become negatively buoyant. A concave dorsum does not significantly change the mass distribution and results in a 5° dorsal rotation of the aperture from vertical. The restoring moments acting to return neutrally buoyant objects to their equilibrium position were investigated using 3D-printed models of Nautilus pompilius and Baculites compressus with theoretically equal masses and hydrostatic stabilities to their virtual counterparts. The N. pompilius behaved as an underdamped harmonic oscillator during restoration due to its low hydrostatic stability and drag relative to the B. compressus model. In contrast, the B. compressus model more quickly returns to its equilibrium position without oscillating (overdamped system). The thrust required to overcome such a large restoring moment was explored using several extant cephalopod analogues. Significant angles of displacement were only achieved with coleoid-like thrusts, which were unrealistically high despite the probable similarities in their locomotor design. These maximum bursts of thrust may have been too energetically expensive and would preclude an unusual form of locomotion in a non-vertical orientation. These results suggest baculitids and other orthocones with similar hydrostatic stabilities probably lived a nektic to quasiplanktic mode of life with a primarily vertical orientation and mobility.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2019, 64, 3
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Early development stages and the mode of life of graptolites
Wczesne stadia rozwoju i tryb życia graptolitów
Rannie ctadii razvitija i obraz zhizni graptolitov
Autorzy:
Kozlowski, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22735.pdf
Data publikacji:
1971
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 1971, 16, 4
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of temperature and aging on polarization mode dispersion of tight-buffered optical fibers and cables
Autorzy:
Borzycki, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/309050.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
single mode optical fiber
polarization mode dispersion
environmental testing
tight buffered fiber
optical fiber cable
optical ground wire
thermal cycling
accelerated life test
Opis:
This paper presents results of laboratory tests investigating influence of temperature on polarization mode dispersion (PMD) in variety of single mode optical fibers and cables. Research was focused primarily on tight-buffered fibers, where most pronounced effects resulting from buffer shrinkage or expansion were expected. The goal was to verify performance of optical fiber cable exposed to extreme temperatures and to compare behavior of different cables. Very strong temperature dependence of PMD was detected in standard single mode fibers with 0.9 mm tight buffer, commonly used in indoor cables, and in complete cable with such fiber. However, both nonzero dispersion-shifted fibers, spun during drawing and optical unit used in optical ground wire (OPGW), where 12 fibers are stranded showed good stability of PMD during thermal cycling. The same optical unit extracted from OPGW exhibited excellent PMD stability also during accelerated life test.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2005, 3; 96-104
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Philosophical Wandering as a Mode of Philosophy in Cultural Life: From Diogenes of Sinope to Cornel West
Autorzy:
Kramer, Eli
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/451537.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-11-08
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
Tematy:
philosophy as a way of life
metaphilosophy
Diogenes of Sinope
Cornel West
Pierre Hadot
cynicism
pragmatism
Opis:
In this essay, I defend philosophical wandering not only as an approach to doing philosophy, but also as an important force to incite critical reflection in cultural life. I argue that philosophical wanderers have an embodied, errant praxis, supporting wisdom whenever they engage with others. For these philosophers reflection is not given in a series of systematic assertions, nor through phenomenological description, nor analytic dissection. Rather, reflective life is the force that enhances the performative element of philosophy as an exercise in being obnoxious (as a Socratic gadfly) to bring people within a culture to particular kinds of critical awareness and action. I conclude by suggesting that this mode of philosophy has a correlate mode of truth, “incited reflectivism,” different from coherentism, foundationalism, warranted assertibility, and other theories that have been previously defended as the standard for “truth.”
Źródło:
Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture; 2018, 2, 3(5); 51-73
2544-302X
Pojawia się w:
Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Monitoring of the Production Processing in a Metallurgical Company Using FMEA Method
Autorzy:
Dudek-Burlikowska, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/354481.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
quality management
failure mode and effect analysis
number of risk
product life cycle
Opis:
The possibility of use of Failure Mode and Effect Analysis methods is connected with continuous quality improvement of production processes in companies. Interdependence of the quality research methods and production process’s requirements have been taken into account. FMEA method is the analysis aimed at the disclosure and elimination of potential weaknesses of the process, that is the variants that may cause defects during its implementation. The example of implementing Failure Mode and Effect Analysis in polish companies have been presented.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 4; 2089-2094
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Study of the characteristics about insulation damage based on the accelerated life tests
Badanie charakterystyk uszkodzeń izolacji w oparciu o testy przyspieszonego starzenia
Autorzy:
Yang, Y. H.
Wang, K.-S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/300857.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Naukowo-Techniczne Towarzystwo Eksploatacyjne PAN
Tematy:
accelerated life testing
competing failure mode
insulation degradation
Gompertz-type relation shape parameter
Opis:
In this study the Maximum Likelihood Estimator is taken to identify the characteristics of insulation failure about the class-H motors by considering the accelerated life testing data under censored situation from Nelson. Based on the Weibull survival modeling the failure is expressed as the series connection of three modes, namely the turn, phase, and ground, respectively, the so-called competing failure. The main concern in present investigation is about the variation of shape parameters, β with the temperature. The Gompertz-type relation of βi(T) is suggested with the reference temperature, Tri for the i-th failure mode. It is found that the Tri ’s not only distinguish the characteristics of cumulative damage process about the insulation, but also involve the estimation of mean-time-to-failure (MTTF). Physically Tri denotes the turning point of varied βi as the i-th failure mode becomes moderate in a sense of less capability about the accumulation of insulation damage at higher temperature where corresponds the thermal degradation process. The numerical results indicate that the insulation technique used is acceptable as the operation temperature kept in the use condition 363K. According to the predicted lifetime as the temperature rises up to 440K, which still within the allowed range in application, the turn structure needs to be rearranged primarily, then the phase next. The ground mode has only influence on the failure at much higher temperature.
Źródło:
Eksploatacja i Niezawodność; 2013, 15, 4; 325-331
1507-2711
Pojawia się w:
Eksploatacja i Niezawodność
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Residual life estimation of healthy and cracked composite beam using experimental and numerical modal analysis methods
Autorzy:
Ramprasad, Gedela
Ramakrishna, Shinigam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1819194.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
E-glass fiber
Epoxy fiber
composite healthy beam
composite cracked beam
mode shape
natural frequency
FFT analysis
crack location
ACP
ACP pre
ACP post
belka kompozytowa
analiza modalna
częstotliwość naturalna
analiza FFT
Opis:
Preventive maintenance is beneficial to minimize unexpected breakdowns in industries with continuous production. Composite structures are used for naval applications like ship hulls and marine propellers. In most of the industries, composite structural health analysis using experimental and numerical model are available for damage detection and estimate the residual life of composite beams. The present work is focusses on identification of damage and estimate residual life of composite healthy and cracked beams. Free vibrational analysis is carried out on composite beam made of Glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) with a different crack orientation. A Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) spectrum analyzer associated with engineering data management (EDM) software utilized for experimental analysis to detect presence of damage in cracked composite beam. Finite element method (FEM) software called Analysis of composite pre/post (ACP) available in ANSYS R3 is used to compare the natural frequency results of healthy composite beam with cracked composite beam with different ply orientations. For validation of numerical modal evaluation, the consequences acquired from ANSYS R3 Finite element analysis (FEA) software are in comparison with experimental results received by impact hammer method. The fatigue life of a damaged composite beam is estimated the use of “Hwang and Han’s” fatigue life equation.
Źródło:
Journal of Mechanical and Energy Engineering; 2020, 4, 2; 127--134
2544-0780
2544-1671
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Mechanical and Energy Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On a Possible Basis for Metaphysical Self-development in Natural and Artificial Systems
Autorzy:
White, Jeffrey
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31234167.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Filozofii i Socjologii PAN
Tematy:
self
purpose in life
default mode network
predictive processing
AI value alignment
developmental robotics
Opis:
Recent research into the nature of self in artificial and biological systems raises interest in a uniquely determining immutable sense of self, a “metaphysical ‘I’” associated with inviolable personal values and moral convictions that remain constant in the face of environmental change, distinguished from an object “me” that changes with its environment. Complementary research portrays processes associated with self as multimodal routines selectively enacted on the basis of contextual cues informing predictive self or world models, with the notion of the constant, pervasive and invariant sense of self associated with a multistable attractor set aiming to ensure personal integrity against threat of disintegrative change. This paper proposes that an immutable sense of self emerges as a global attractor which can be described as a project ideal self-situation embodied in frontal medial processes during more or less normal adolescent development, and that thereafter serves to orient agency in the more or less free development of embodied potentials over the life course in effort to realize project conditions, phenomenally identified with the felt pull towards this end as purpose of and source of meaning in life. So oriented, life-long self-development aims to embody solutions to problems at different timescales depending on this embodied purpose, ultimately in the service of evolutionary processes securing organism populations against threats of disintegrative change over timespans far beyond that of the individual. After characterizing the target sense of self, research circling this target is briefly surveyed. Self as global project and developmental neural correlates are proposed. Then, the paper discusses some implications for research in biological and artificial systems. Building from earlier work in cognitive neurorobotics, discussion affirms the value of reinforcement rituals including prayer in metaphysical self-development, considers implications for value alignment and rights associated with free will in the context of artificial intelligence and robot religion, and concludes by emphasizing the importance of self-development toward project ideals as source of meaning in life in the current social-political environment.
Źródło:
Filozofia i Nauka; 2022, 10, zeszyt specjalny; 71-99
2300-4711
2545-1936
Pojawia się w:
Filozofia i Nauka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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