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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 241
Tytuł:
2D numerical analysis of the seismic response of a karst rock mass: importance of underground caves and geostructural details
Autorzy:
Giovanni, Bruno
Fabrizio, Carucci
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/178382.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
2D local seismic response analysis
rock mass
karstic underground caves
Opis:
The present study shows the results of a 2D local seismic response (LSR) analysis, simulated for a geomechanical model consisting of a layered carbonate rock mass with hypogean karst caves and a structural–lithostratigraphic complex setting, in an area within the Municipality of Turi (Apulia, Italy). In this case study a Distinct Element Code (DEM) code (UDEC) was used for the LSR simulations conducted on a model both in the absence and in the presence of two overlapping karst caves. The preliminary stress–strain model analysis show some tensile yielding points clustered on the roof of the upper karst cave, already in static conditions, and the phenomenon becomes even more noticeable in dynamic conditions. This is perfectly in agreement with the real occurrence of a sinkhole that brought to the light the underlying karst cave, in the case study area, in the recent past. The amplification/deamplification factor (FA) was calculated as the ratio of the top value to the bottom value in the model, both of the max X-acceleration and of the spectral Fourier amplitude in three different ranges of frequencies, in order to estimate the effects of LSR on the X-component of the seismic input. According to the previous studies, the results obtained show a generalised deamplification of the seismic ground motion at the top of the model, both without and with underground karst caves, caused by the presence of the upper karst cave and by the seismic energy absorption because of layers’ discontinuity.
Źródło:
Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica; 2020, 42, 1; 61-73
0137-6365
2083-831X
Pojawia się w:
Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A new chalicotherian finding from the Miocene karst in Poland (Mammalia, Badenian)
Nowe znalezisko chalikoteriów w Mioceńskim krasie Polski
Autorzy:
Korotkievich, E.L.
Sulimski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/23313.pdf
Data publikacji:
1990
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 1990, 35, 1-2
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A new species of Hystrix (Rodentia: Hystricidae) from the Pliocene site of Węże 1 in southern Poland
Autorzy:
Czernielewski, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24024715.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
Pliocene
rodents
porcupines
Węże
karst
pliocen
gryzonie
węże
kras
Opis:
The specific name velunensis is established to encompass porcupine remains (Hystrix Linnæus, 1758) recovered from the Pliocene site of Węże 1 in southern Poland. The studied specimen was previously assigned either to H. primigenia (Wagner, 1848) or H. depereti Sen, 2001, however it can be distinguished from these species and other fossil Hystricidae by its distinct occlusal morphology, most importantly the presence of an anterolingual flexus dissecting the anteroloph of P4. Hystrix velunensis sp. nov. was probably closely related to H. primigenia and H. depereti. A previously undescribed specimen from the nearby site of Węże 2 most probably belongs to H. refossa Gervais, 1852b, which would be the first known occurrence of this species in Poland.
Źródło:
Acta Geologica Polonica; 2023, 73, 1; 73--83
0001-5709
Pojawia się w:
Acta Geologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A sebecosuchian in a middle Eocene karst with comments on the dorsal shield in Crocodylomorpha
Autorzy:
Martin, J.E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/21733.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Opis:
Isolated elements comprising a set of ziphodont teeth and osteoderms from the middle Eocene karst deposit of Lissieu, France are assigned to either Iberosuchus sp. or Bergisuchus sp., poorly known crocodylomorphs of possible sebecosuchian affinities. A general survey of dorsal osteoderm variability among Crocodylomorpha points to the similarity between the osteoderms from Lissieu and those of some Cretaceous notosuchians, notably the sebecosuchian Baurusuchus. Such isolated osteoderms represent a useful tool for identifying non-eusuchian crocodylomorphs in post-Cretaceous deposits. Relying on the distinctive morphology of these osteoderms might help augmenting the extremely scant fossil record of Paleogene sebecosuchians in Europe, thus improving the spatiotemporal resolution of this group. At least three types of predators coexisted in the ecosystem of Lissieu, which indicates that in the middle Eocene of Europe, carnivoran mammals were not the exclusive predators in terrestrial habitats and shared resources with a ground bird and a sebecos-uchian. This faunal composition is comparable to contemporaneous ecosystems in South America.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2015, 60, 3
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A study of natural durability of selected coniferous wood species from north Asia affected by the fungus Coniophora puteana (Schumach.) P. Karst.
Autorzy:
Andres, Bogusław
Jankowska, Agnieszka
Duchnik, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2200096.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
natural durability of wood
wood durability class
Larix dahurica
Larix gmellini
Larix sibirica
Pinus sibirica
Opis:
The aim of prestened study was to determine the natural durability of selected coniferous wood species from Asia to the effect of Coniophora puteana (Schumach.) P. Karst., which causes brown rot. The species tested were: Larix gmellini (Rupr.) Kuzen., Larix sibirica Ledeb. and Pinus sibirica Du Tour.. The test was conducted on the basis of PN-EN 350:2016-10 and PN-EN 113:2000. As a result of the research durability classes were determined. Wood durability of tested Asian species was compared with the domestic wood species such as Pinus sylvestris L. and Larix decidua Mill.. The most durable of the tested wood species was Larix sibirica Ledeb., while the European larch showed comparable durability. The wood of Larix gmellini (Rupr.) Kuzen. showed the lowest persistence among the tested species.
Badanie naturalnej trwałości wybranych drewna iglastego gatunków z Azji Północnej poddanych działaniu grzyba Coniophora puteana (Schumach.) P. Karst. Praca dotyczy określenia naturalnej trwałości drewna wybranych gatunków iglastych pochodzących z Azji wobec działania grzyba C. puteana, powodującego brunatny rozkład drewna. Zakresem badań objeto drewno twardzieli drewna Larix gmellini (Rupr.) Kuzen., Larix sibirica Ledeb. and Pinus sibirica Du Tour.. Badanie zostało przeprowadzone w oparciu o normy PN-EN 350:2016-10 i PN-EN 113:2000. W wyniku badania określono klasy trwałości oraz porównano trwałość z drewnem krajowym sosny zwyczajnej (Pinus sylvestris L.) i modrzewia europejskiego (Larix decidua Mill.). Badania wykazały, iż najtrwalszym z pośród badanych gatunków drewna jest L. sibirica, przy czym L. decidua wykazał porównywalną trwałość. Najniższą trwałość z pośród badanych gatunków odnotowano dla drewna L. gmellini.
Źródło:
Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology; 2020, 112; 32--35
1898-5912
Pojawia się w:
Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Accelerated and natural ageing processes change the properties of plasma membrane in Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) seeds during storage
Autorzy:
Nowakowska, J
Rakowski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41613.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
plasma membrane
Norway spruce
natural aging process
Picea abies
vitality
vigor
storage
seed
Opis:
The present study examines the mechanism of natural and accelerated ageing processes in Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) seeds stored at low temperature for one (control) and eight years. The analyses of vitality, electrolyte leakage, protein composition and activity of the proton-pump ATPase (P-ATPase, EC.3.6.1.35) in plasma membrane of Norway spruce seeds have been investigated. Seeds collected in 1999 from northeastern Poland have been treated with accelerated ageing method and compared to the seeds of the same provenance, collected in 1992 (control). The vigor and the vitality of the Norway spruce seeds depend on the age of seeds. After 6 days of experiment both samples of seeds (artificially aged seeds and control) expressed the same percentage of germination and similar electrolyte leakage. Analysis of protein composition in the extracts showed an increased amount of some low molecular-weight proteins in artificially and naturally aged seeds compared to the control. Our results indicate similar level of P-ATPase activity in natural, artificially aged and control seeds. This suggests that natural ageing process can involve changes in plasma membrane protein composition but does not affect the P-ATPase activity.
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2002, 47 Supplement
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analiza palinologiczna mioceńskich wypełnień lejów krasowych w Tarnowie Opolskim na Wyżynie Śląskiej - wyniki wstępne
Palynological analysis of Miocene infill of karst sinkholes at Tarnów Opolski, Upper Silesian Upland - a preliminary report
Autorzy:
Worobiec, E.
Szulc, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2074753.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
paleokras
palinologia
glony słodkowodne
paleośrodowisko
miocen
Wyżyna Śląska
paleokarst
palynology
freshwater algae
palaeoenvironment
Miocene
Upper Silesian Upland
Opis:
Pollen analysis of 16 samples of coaly sediments taken from one of sinkholes developed within the Triassic limestones cropping out at Tarnów Opolski, Upper Silesian Upland has been done. The study revealed a taxonomically rich assemblage of excellently preserved sporomorphs (pollen grains and spores) as well as microfossils of fresh-water algae (mainly Chlorophyta). The pollen analysis made it possible to reconstruct a vegetation growing during sedimentation of deposits filling the studied sinkhole and clear facies succession, from open aquatic (with abundant fresh-water algae) to marshy one (e.g. swamp forests composed of Taxodium, Nyssa and Alnus). Riparian forests dominated by deciduous trees, e.g. Pterocarya, Carya and Liquidambar, grew on wet terrains surrounding the water body. Drier elevated terrains were overgrown by mixed mesophytic forests with small admixture of thermophilous plants. Results of the pollen analysis indicate that during the sedimentation of the sinkhole filling the climate was warm temperate and moderately wet. Recorded sporomorphs and a mutual ratio of arctotertiary and palaeotropical taxa point at a Middle Miocene age of the studied deposit.
Źródło:
Przegląd Geologiczny; 2010, 58, 12; 1176-1181
0033-2151
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Geologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of the resistivity imaging results conducted over karst voids in Klucze using Depth of Investigation Index
Autorzy:
Krajewska, O.
Glazer, M.
Pierwoła, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/100761.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Śląski. Wydział Nauk o Ziemi
Tematy:
jaskinia krasowa
Klucze
analiza
resistivity imaging
Depth of Investigation Index
Karst caves
Opis:
Conducted by "Olkusz" Speleological Club exploratory works related to the Gieńkówka cave led only to its partial opening. There are indications stating that this cave has continuation beyond its currently available parts. In order to verify those assumptions resistivity imaging method has been used. During analysis of the resistivity models obtained from field measurements the synthetic model, simulating the intersection of the cave corridor, has been utilized. In order to assess the reliability of resistivity cross sections in terms of the presence of artifacts left by the inversion process Depth of Investigation (DOI) index has been applied. For preparing DOI maps two inversions on the same data set were carried out using different reference models. Then the results were compared to each other. High resistivity anomalies revealed on obtained models show strong correlation with actual caves known in this area. In addition, similar anomalies have been found in place of the predicted continuity in Gieńkówka cave, thus confirming the hypothesis made in this research. High DOI index values in the occurrence of caves pointing to the instability of the inversion process in those areas.
Źródło:
Contemporary Trends in Geoscience; 2014, 3, 1; 14-23
2299-8179
Pojawia się w:
Contemporary Trends in Geoscience
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Antropogeniczne zmiany składu jonowego wód szczelinowo-krasowych poziomu środkowo- i górnodewońskiego w Górach Świętokrzyskich
Anthropogenical changes in the ionic composition of fissured-karst formations of the Middle and Upper Devonian aquifer in the Świętokrzyskie Mountains
Autorzy:
Prażak, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2063379.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
wody podziemne
skład chemiczny
wapienie
dewon górny
dewon środkowy
Góry Świętokrzyskie
groundwater
chemical composition
limestone
Middle and Upper Devonian
Świętokrzyskie Mts.
Opis:
Praca zawiera ocenę obecnego składu chemicznego wód szczelinowo-krasowych w wapieniach dewonu środkowego i górnego w Górach Świętokrzyskich oraz wpływu, jaki wywarły na niego zanieczyszczenia antropogeniczne. Wykonano ją na podstawie wyników monitoringu i innych badań prowadzonych w regionie. W 1999 r. na 30 badanych punktów w 17 stwierdzono typy chemiczne wody charakterystyczne dla klimatu Polski. W 7 punktach były to wody typu HCO[sub]3[/sub]–Ca, a w 10 punktach typu HCO[sub]3[/sub]–Ca–Mg. W pozostałych punktach występowały wody zmienione antropogenicznie typu: HCO[sub]3[/sub]–SO[sub]4[/sub]–Ca, HCO[sub]3[/sub]–SO[sub]4[/sub]–Ca–Mg, HCO[sub]3[/sub]–Cl–Ca–Mg, HCO[sub]3[/sub]–Cl–SO[sub]4[/sub]–Ca oraz HCO[sub]3[/sub]–SO[sub]4[/sub]–NO[sub]3[/sub]–Ca. Skład jonowy badanych wód w obszarze Gór Świętokrzyskich wykazuje wyraźne zróżnicowanie. Zdecydowana większość punktów badawczych, w których o typie wody decyduje jon Mg[sup]2+[/sup], znajduje się w północnej i wschodniej części obszaru badań. W części zachodniej dominują natomiast punkty, w których o typie wody decyduje jon pochodzący głównie z zanieczyszczenia atmosfery w rejonie aglomeracji kieleckiej i miejscowych zakładów cementowo-wapienniczych. Występowanie jonów Cl[sup]–[/sup] i zaznacza się natomiast tylko punktowo, a ich pochodzenie jest związane z lokalnymi ogniskami zanieczyszczeń.
The paper contains an estimation of the chemical composition of fissure-karst waters in limestones of the Middle and Upper Devonian in the Świętokrzyskie Mts. and the influence of imposed anthropogenic contamination. The estimation was carried out on the basis of research and monitoring results from the region. In 1999 out of 30 studied sampling sites, with characteristic water types for climatic conditions in Poland were observed in 17 sampling sites. In 7 sites there were waters of type HCO[sub]3[/sub]–Ca, while in 10 sites waters of type HCO[sub]3[/sub]–Ca–Mg were encountered. The remaining sites were anthropogenically contaminated waters of type HCO[sub]3[/sub]–SO[sub]4[/sub]–Ca, HCO[sub]3[/sub]–SO[sub]4[/sub]–Ca–Mg, HCO[sub]3[/sub]–Cl–Ca–Mg, HCO[sub]3[/sub]–Cl–SO[sub]4[/sub]–Ca and HCO[sub]3[/sub]–SO[sub]4[/sub]–NO[sub]3[/sub]–Ca. The ionic composition of water in the region of the Świętokrzyskie Mts. show evident variability. A decidedly greater number of sites in which the water type is decided by the magnesium ion (Mg[sup][sub]2+[/sub][/sup]) are found in the northern and eastern parts. Sites with ion originating mainly from atmospheric contamination in the region of the Kielce agglomeration of cement — lime industries dominate in the eastern part. The occurrence of the Cl[sup]–[/sup] and ions are indicated at certain sites and don’t reflect a regional contamination source but reflect a local contamination source.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego; 2002, 404; 165--175
0867-6143
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application of geochemical modeling for analysis of changes in groundwater chemistry in karst area (case study from gypsum karst in the Czarny Potok valley, SW Ukraine)
Autorzy:
Solovey, T.
Jóźwiak, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/87453.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geograficzne
Tematy:
karst processes
geochemical model
Ukraine
Opis:
One of the most up to date scientific problems in recognition of karst processes is quantitave evaluation their activity. Basic and distinctive indicators that describe karst processes activity are intensity and magnitude of chemical denudation (Aksiom S.D., 2002). Not only a tool for describing changes taking place in the observed hydrogeological system will be presented in the paper but tools that allow to predict changes that may take place on the spur of the natural and anthropogenic factors. Only a few methods widely used in hydrogeology are also used in geography. In this paper authors present basis of geochemical modeling that can be widely used. Geochemical modeling can be divided into two main issues: Measurement, assessment and generalization of kinetic and thermodynamic data for solid phases (e.g. minerals), gases and solutions; Use of above data in numerical algorithms describing natural and anthropogenicly changed systems of interaction between water and matrix (Macioszczyk, Dobrzyński, 2006). The practical aspects of geochemical modeling concentrate mainly on creating geochemical models of the environment and its changes. Geochemical modeling has been recently widely used for describing chemical composition of groundwater as well as factors and processes shaping it. A geochemical model is a tool that allow for understanding hydrogeochemical processes taking place in the environment. It is a basis for further analysis of system`s susceptibility for modifications conducted by human as well as it might be an element of the forecast of the risk of environment contamination. The main advantage of geochemical modeling is simplicity of received data interpretation, possibility of groundwater chemistry origin interpretation, predicting chemistry modifications and also forecasting changes in water quality. Geochemical models can be divided into three main groups: Speciation model – it doesn`t include any information about temporal or spatial distribution of processes, it only describe the effect of water – rock – gases interaction in a single point of hydrogeological space; Reaction path model – it delivers information about succeeding changes of the hydrogeological system (spatial variability) that take place as an effect of providing a load of mass and/or energy. The time effect can be modeled with use of reaction rate constant; Reactive transport model – it include data describing temporal and spatial variability of chemical reactions in the system.
Źródło:
Prace Komisji Krajobrazu Kulturowego; 2008, 8; 231-243
1896-1460
2391-5293
Pojawia się w:
Prace Komisji Krajobrazu Kulturowego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application of malacological analysis to reconstruction of regional and local environmental changes : the Cisowa Skała locality (the Carpathians, southern Poland)
Autorzy:
Skoczylas-Śniaz, Sylwia
Alexandrowicz, Witold Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2127367.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
karst sediments
molluscs
environmental changes
Holocene
Podhale Basin
Pieniny Klippen Belt
Opis:
An isolated limestone hill (Cisowa Skała), located in the Podhale Basin in southern Poland, has yielded mollusc shells and small vertebrate bones in deposits filling small karst forms such as rock shelters, characteristic molluscan assemblages can be identified, the succession of which reflects changes in the environment and also microhabitat variations depending on local factors, such as slope exposure and type of vegetation. These local factors markedly affect regional environmental trends determined primarily by climate change and, during the last several hundred years, also by human activity. Such malacological analysis enables effective palaeogeographical reconstructions, both on the scale of geographical regions and for microhabitats.
Źródło:
Geological Quarterly; 2022, 66, 1; art. no. 5
1641-7291
Pojawia się w:
Geological Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application of remote sensing and mathematical morphology of landscape for studying thermo - karst processes
Autorzy:
Kapralova, V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/294538.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Geomorfologów Polskich
Tematy:
remote sensing
mathematical morphology
landscape
thermo-karst processes
Źródło:
Landform Analysis; 2007, 5; 35-36
1429-799X
Pojawia się w:
Landform Analysis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of Ras El Ma Karst Spring Features by Structural and Functional Approaches at the Region of Taza, Morocco
Autorzy:
Naoura, Jamal
El Kati, Imad
Benaabidate, Lahcen
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1955574.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
karst aquifer
hydrogeological functioning
Ras El Ma spring
model of Mangin
Morocco
Opis:
This work performed by considering two complementary approaches for investigating the Karst system of Ras El Ma source: (1) The structural approach based on field studies, (2) The functional approach requiring inputs data (precipitations) as well as output data at the exit of the karstic system. The choice of the Ras El Ma source is justified by the fact that it constitutes the main outlet of the Liassic aquifer at the Southwest of Taza town. The structural approach highlighted that the impact of South Rifan and North Middle Atlas faults, oriented mainly NE-SW to ENE-WSW and NW-SE, tectonically linked to the Hercynian and late-Hercynian phases; these faults compartmentalized the karst into panels. The functioning of this karst system is based on the coupling of inputs and outputs, the analysis of interannual hydrograph, flood hydrographs, the recession curves and the analysis of hydrogeochemical results. Respectively, the obtained results are presented as follows: A close relationship between flow rates and precipitation, interannual hydrographs marked by a contrasting variation in flow rates and a periodicity that occurs between low water and high-water years. Concerning flood hydrographs, there are two types, a unit modal hydrographs type which generally occurs following time concentrated rainfall and a second multi modal hydrographs type which follows the repetitive rainfall in the basin. The study of recession curves reveals a clear complexity of the systems supplying the source. However, due to the low drying-off coefficients (7.66∙10-4), the aquifer seems to have a poorly developed drainage network in a flooded area. According to the Mangin method [1975], this karstic system is classified in the category of poor or complex karst systems taking into accounts two parameters (i) and (K), which characterize the functioning of the infiltration zone and the volume of flooded karst, respectively. The physicochemical parameters study highlighted the nature of drained rock by the sources. The correlation between conductivity and different chemical elements shows that bicarbonates and calcium are responsible for the mineralization of the waters of this source. It can be concluded that the low values of mineralization occur during the winter and spring floods. The spring regains its normal mineralization during the summer period.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 9; 32-47
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Atrakcje turystyczne „Słowackiego Raju”
Tourist attractions of „Slovak Paradise”
Autorzy:
Czaja, S. W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/88240.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geograficzne
Tematy:
turystyka
Słowacki Raj
kras
tourism
Slovak Paradise
karst
Opis:
Słowacki Raj to jeden z najpiękniejszych regionów środkowej Europy. Do połowy trzeciorzędu była to lekko pofałdowana równina, z której sterczały niewysokie (do 100 metrów) wapienne pagóry, a rzeka Hornad, płynąca dzisiaj głębokim wąwozem, wiła się między tymi wzgórzami. Wtedy to nastąpiło wypiętrzenie dzisiejszego masywu Słowackiego Raju i jednocześnie zapadanie się kotliny Hornadu. Rzeki i potoki gwałtownie zwiększyły swoje spadki i rozcięły wapienno-dolomitowy masy kilkunastoma głębokimi wąwozami. W ekstremalnie wąskich kanionach utworzyły się na odpornych wapieniach płytowych i skalistych ogromne wodospady oraz niezwykłe skalne formy w postaci baszt, iglic, murów itp. Rzeka Hornad została „uwięziona” w obrębie odpornych skał wapiennych, rozcięła więc podłoże, tworząc niezwykle malowniczy przełom. Wody opadowe łatwo wnikają do wnętrza spękanego masywu, tworząc jeden z największych i najciekawszych systemów jaskiniowych na Słowacji, z jedyną w tej części Europy jaskinią lodową.
The Slovak Paradise is one of the most beautiful regions in Central Europe. Till the mid-Tertiary it was a slightly undulating plain, from which low (up to 100 meters) limestone mounds protruded, and the Hornád river, today flowing in deep gorge, meandered between these hills. At that time the uplift of the presentday massif of the Slovak Paradise and simultaneously the subsidence of the Hornád basin happened. Rivers and streams increased in their gradients violently and cut limestone-dolomite masses by many deep gorges. In extremely narrow canyons huge waterfalls and unusual rocky forms - towers, needles, walls etc. were shaped at resistant platy and massy limestones. The Hornád river was „trapped” within resistant limestone rocks and cut the substratum, forming the unusually picturesque gorge. Precipitation waters easily get in the interior of cracked massif, creating one of the largest and interesting cave systems in Slovakia, with ice cave - the one in this part of Europe.
Źródło:
Prace Komisji Krajobrazu Kulturowego; 2010, 14; 65-73
1896-1460
2391-5293
Pojawia się w:
Prace Komisji Krajobrazu Kulturowego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 241

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