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Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 34
Tytuł:
Nature of Segregation in the Steel Static and Brass Continuously Cast Ingots
Autorzy:
Wołczyński, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/356511.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
macro-segregation maps
brass ingots morphology
marginal stability criterion
Growth Law for columnar structure
formation
Opis:
Experimental observations of the steel morphology as well as measurements of the solutes concentration in the macro-scale were made on the basis of the vertical cut at the mid-depth of the 15-tons steel forging ingot serially produced in one of the steel plant in Poland. Experimental observations of the morphology accompanied by the measurements of the Peclet Number were also made on the cross-section of the continuously cast brass ingots serially produced in the copper / brass industry in Poland. The performed measurements allowed to work out some maps of the alloying elements segregation for the longitudinal section of the steel static ingot and a Growth Law for the columnar grains formation in the brass ingots. The marginal stability criterion has been applied to the last mentioned development / description. Some suggestions for the micro-segregation measurement mode in the columnar structure are derived.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2018, 63, 4; 1915-1922
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A tale of two lead ingots
Opowieść o dwóch sztabach ołowiu
Autorzy:
Vernon, R. W.
Pérez, A. A.
Lorenc, M. W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/122193.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Wydział Geoinżynierii, Górnictwa i Geologii. Instytut Górnictwa
Tematy:
Linares
Sopwith
lead ingots
Odyssey Marine Exploration
English Channel
sztaby ołowiu
Kanał la Manche
Opis:
Lead ores, usually containing silver, can be found in most European countries. It was the Romans who first mined lead extensively. They found many uses for it and developed techniques to extract the silver. However, the water table frequently determined the depth of Roman mining operations. In the 19th century, Spain became an important source of lead. Many of the mines had hardly been worked since the Romans and the relatively un-worked lead veins at Linares (Jaén Province), soon attracted companies, from Britain, France and Germany, and they introduced new technology into the area that allowed the mine working to go deeper. One of these mines La Tortilla mine, located to the west of the town, and managed by an Englishman, Thomas Sopwith junior was one of the many successful mines in the area. By 1880 an extensive lead smelting works had been established adjacent to the mine that produced large tonnages of lead ingots for export. Until recently, no lead ingots from the Linares area were known to have survived. However, it was inevitably some ingots would get lost in transit. The exploration of a shipwreck in 2005 revealed a large consignment of ingots manufactured at the La Tortilla smelter. This was as important discovery as the cargo represented the only known collection of ingots manufactured in Linares. This is the tale of two of those lead ingots.
Rudy ołowiu, zwykle zawierające srebro, można znaleźć w większości krajów europejskich. To Rzymianie najpierw ekstensywnie wydobywali ołów. Znaleźli wiele zastosowań i opracowali techniki ekstrakcji srebra. Jednak stół wodny często określał głębokość rzymskich operacji górniczych. W XIX wieku Hiszpania stała się ważnym źródłem ołowiu. Wiele kopalń nie pracowało od czasów rzymskich i stosunkowo nieobrobione żyły w Linares (prowincja Jaén), wkrótce przyciągnęły firmy z Wielkiej Brytanii, Francji i Niemiec, a także wprowadziły nowe technologie do obszaru, który pozwolił na działanie kopalni iść głębiej. Jedna z kopalni La Tortilla, zlokalizowana na zachód od miasta i zarządzana przez Anglika, Thomas Sopwith junior była jedną z wielu udanych kopalni w okolicy. Do 1880 r. w pobliżu kopalni powstały rozległe huty ołowiu, które produkowały duże ilości wlewków na eksport. Do niedawna wiadomo, że nie zachowały się wlewki ołowiu z obszaru Linares. Jednak nieuchronnie część wlewków zagubiłaby się w transporcie. Eksploracja wraku w 2005 r. ujawniła dużą partię wlewków wyprodukowanych w hucie La Tortilla. Było to równie ważne odkrycie jak ładunek stanowił jedyną znaną kolekcję wlewków wyprodukowanych w Linares. Jest to opowieść o dwóch z tych wlewków.
Źródło:
Hereditas Minariorum; 2017, 4; 9-24
2391-9450
2450-4114
Pojawia się w:
Hereditas Minariorum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mechanical properties and fracture analysis of AlCu4MgSi alloy ingots obtained by horizontal continuous casting
Autorzy:
Nuckowski, P. M.
Wróbel, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/352196.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
AlCu4MgSi alloy
horizontal continuous casting
fracture analysis
mechanical properties of ingots
aluminum
Opis:
The article presents the results of research concerning AlCu4MgSi alloy ingots produced using horizontal continuous casting process under variable conditions of casting speed and cooling liquid flow through the crystallizer. The mechanical properties and structure of the obtained ingots were correlated with the process parameters. On the basis of the obtained results, it has been shown that depending on the cooling rate and the intensity of convection during solidification, significant differences in the mechanical properties and structure and of the ingots can occur. The research has shown that, as the casting speed and the flow rate of the cooling liquid increase, the hardness of the test samples decreases, while their elongation increases, which is related to the increase of the average grain size. Also, the morphology of the intermetallic phases precipitations lattice, as well as the centerline porosity and dendrite expansion, significantly affect the tensile strength and fracture mechanism of the tested ingots.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2019, 64, 1; 113-118
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Control of the CET Localization in Continuously Cast Copper and Copper Alloys’ Ingots
Autorzy:
Kwapisiński, Piotr
Wołczyński, Waldemar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27314164.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
alloy ingots
copper alloys
CET
Liquidus isotherm velocity
single crystal’s core
wlewki
stopy miedzi
izoterma Liquidusa
rdzeń monokryształu
Opis:
A brief description of the innovative mathematical method for the prediction of CET – localization in solidifying copper and copper alloys’ ingots is presented. The method is to be preceded by the numerical simulation of both temperature field and thermal gradient filed. All typical structural zones were revealed within the copper and copper alloys’ massive ingots or rods manufactured by continuous casting. The role of thermal gradient direction for the single crystal core formation has been enlightened. The definition for the index describing proportion between volume fraction of the columnar structure and volume fraction of the equiaxed structure has been formulated by means of the interpretation of some features of the liquidus isotherm velocity course. An attempt has been undertaken to apply the developed mathematical method for the structural zones prediction in the rods solidifying under industrial conditions. An industrial application has been shown, that is, it was explained why the innovative rods should be assigned to the overhead conductors in the electric tractions.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2023, 23, 2; 91--99
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Structure and Usable Properties of Aluminum Continuous Ingots
Autorzy:
Wróbel, T.
Szajnar, J.
Bartocha, D.
Stawarz, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381301.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
continuous casting
aluminum alloy
structure
inoculation
electromagnetic stirring
odlewanie ciągłe
stop aluminium
modyfikacja
mieszanie elektromagnetyczne
Opis:
In paper is presented results of studies concerning ingot of Al with a purity of 99.5% cast with use of stand of horizontal continuous casting. Mainly together with casting velocity was considered influence of electromagnetic stirrer, which was placed in continuous casting mould on refinement of ingots structure and theirs usability to plastic deformation. Effect of structure refinement and usability to plastic deformation obtained by influence of electromagnetic stirring was compared with refinement obtained by use of traditional inoculation, which consists in introducing of additives i.e. Ti and B to metal bath. On the basis of obtained results was affirmed that inoculation realized by electromagnetic stirring in range of continuous casting mould guarantees improvement in structure refinement and usability to rolling of pure Al continuous ingots.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2015, 15, 3; 85-90
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Amount and Distribution of Micro-Defects in Solidified 2219 Al Alloy Ingots: a Metallographic Investigation
Autorzy:
Liu, Yu
Huang, Yuanchun
Xiao, Zhengbing
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/354423.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
metallographic
micro-defect
2219 Al alloy ingot
amount
distribution
Opis:
Micro-defects detection in solidified castings of aluminum alloy has always been a hot topic, and the method employed is mainly depends upon the size and shape of the specimens. In present paper, the amount and distribution characters of micro-defects in a series of 2219 aluminum alloy ingot, with diameters of φ1380 mm, φ1250 mm, φ1000 mm, φ850 mm and φ630 mm, prepared by direct chill casting were investigated by means of metallographic, respectively. Samples were cut along the radius directionfrom slices in the steady casting stage. The result reveals that typical micro-defects are consist of inclusions, porosity and shrinkage under optical microscope, and the total amount of micro-defect per unit area in an ingot slightly decreased with the increase of its diameter. Meanwhile, defects were classified into 2 types according to its size, the results suggesting that defects greater than 40 μm account for the largest proportion among the counted two kinds of defects. Moreover, the distribution of defects greater than 40 μm along the radial direction was detected, its amount increases as its distance from the side, indicating that the micro-defects greater than 40 μm distributed the most in the center zone of ingots and the larger the ingot diameter, the more obvious the tendency was.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2019, 64, 4; 1569-1575
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Structural Transformations Versus Hard Particles Motion in the Brass Ingots
Autorzy:
Wołczyński, W.
Ivanova, A. A.
Kwapisiński, P.
Olejnik, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/355047.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
continuously cast ingot
mathematical forecast of structural zones
hard particles in the brass
Opis:
A mathematical method for the forecast of the type of structure in the steel static ingot has been recently developed. Currently, the method has been applied to structural zones prediction in the brass ingots obtained by the continuous casting. Both the temperature field and thermal gradient field have been calculated in order to predict mathematically the existence of some structural zones in the solidifying brass ingot. Particularly, the velocity of the liquidus isotherm movement and thermal gradient behavior versus solidification time have been considered. The analysis of the mentioned velocity allows the conclusion that the brass ingots can evince: chilled columnar grains-, (CC), fine columnar grains-, (FC), columnar grains-, (C), equiaxed grains zone, (E), and even the single crystal, (SC), situated axially. The role of the mentioned morphologies is analyzed to decide whether the hard particles existing in the brass ingots can be swallowed or rejected by the solid / liquid (s/l) interface of a given type of the growing grains. It is suggested that the columnar grains push the hard particles to the end of a brass ingot during its continuous casting.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 4; 2461-2467
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Primary Structure and Mechanical Properties of AlSi2 Alloy Continuous Ingots
Autorzy:
Wróbel, T.
Szajnar, J.
Bartocha, D.
Stawarz, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381796.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
continuous casting
aluminum
silicon
inoculation
electromagnetic stirring
odlewanie ciągłe
aluminium
krzem
wszczepianie
Opis:
The paper presents the research results of horizontal continuous casting of ingots of aluminium alloy containing 2% wt. silicon (AlSi2). Together with the casting velocity (velocity of ingot movement) we considered the influence of electromagnetic stirring in the area of the continuous casting mould on refinement of the ingot’s primary structure and their selected mechanical properties, i.e. tensile strength, yield strength, hardness and elongation. The effect of primary structure refinement and mechanical properties obtained by electromagnetic stirring was compared with refinement obtained by using traditional inoculation, which consists in introducing additives, i.e. Ti, B and Sr, to the metal bath. On the basis of the obtained results we confirmed that inoculation done by electromagnetic stirring in the range of the continuous casting mould guarantees improved mechanical properties and also decreases the negative influence of casting velocity, thus increasing the structure of AlSi2 continuous ingots.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2017, 17, 2; 145-150
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Growth Law for Columnar Structure within the Copper and Copper Alloys Solidifying at a High Peclet Number
Autorzy:
Kwapisiński, Piotr
Wołczyński, Waldemar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27765081.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
continuously cast copper ingots
perturbation wavelength
criterion of marginal stability
Opis:
The copper and copper alloys’ ingots have been subjected to structural observation in order to estimate the Peclet Number at which these ingots were solidifying. It was stated that the formation of columnar structure within the ingots occurred at a high Peclet Number, higher than the threshold value of this parameter, Pe = 500. The formulated relationships of the Growth Law correspond to a high Peclet Number due to application of the adequate development in series of the Ivantsov’s function. The Growth Law has been developed on the basis of the definition of the wavelength of perturbation which leads to the dispersion of the planar s/l interface. New definition of the index of stability connected with the behavior of solute concentration at the s/l interface has been delivered. The current definition is related to non-equilibrium solidification. The index can be easily calculated using some parameters delivered by a given Cu-X phase diagram. Physical meaning of the formulated Growth Law has also been presented.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2023, 68, 2; 579--584
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ smarowania na jakość powierzchni wlewków ciągłych
Influence of lubrication on surface quality of continuous casting ingots
Autorzy:
Sorek, A.
Kania, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/181823.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Metalurgii Żelaza im. Stanisława Staszica
Tematy:
smarowanie
zasypka krystalizatorowa
znaki oscylacyjne
jakość
lubrication
mold powder
oscillation marks
quality
Opis:
Istotnym czynnikiem wpływającym na jakość powierzchni wlewków ciągłych są zjawiska fizyczne, chemiczne i mechaniczne zachodzące w strefie przymeniskowej krystalizatora COS. Do zjawisk tych możemy między innymi zaliczyć "smarowanie" powierzchni wlewka ciągłego w krystalizatorze. Powszechnie stosowaną metodą smarowania powierzchni wlewka jest stosowanie zasypek krystalizatorowych. Zasypki w kontakcie z ciekłą stalą tworzą ciekłą fazę żużlową która jest czynnikiem smarującym. W artykule scharakteryzowano proces smarowania powierzchni wlewka w procesie ciągłego odlewania stali. Przedstawiono wyniki badań przemysłowych wpływu stosowanej zasypki na jakość powierzchni otrzymywanych wlewków ciągłych.
The physical, chemical and mechanical phenomena which take place in the near-meniscus zone of continuous casting mold are the significant factors influencing the quality of CC ingot and especially the quality of its surface. Such phenomena include, but are not limited to, the lubrication of ingot surface in the COS mold. Application of mold powders is the commonly used lubrication method. Mold powders form the liquid slag phase in contact with liquid steel. This slag phase is a lubricant agent. In this article, the lubrication of ingot surface in continuous casting was characterized. The paper presents the results of industrial studies on the influence of powders on surface quality of continuous casting ingots.
Źródło:
Prace Instytutu Metalurgii Żelaza; 2013, T. 65, nr 1, 1; 28-35
0137-9941
Pojawia się w:
Prace Instytutu Metalurgii Żelaza
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 34

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