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    Tytuł:
    The wireless hydrostatic transmission control by the use of mobile technology
    Autorzy:
    Kucybała, P.
    Pobędza, J.
    Sobczyk, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/248044.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    fluid power control system
    hydrostatic transmission system
    wireless control system
    Opis:
    The paper presents the concept of a new approach for remote control and monitoring of parameters of mobile or stationary machines in real time on the example of the hydrostatic transmission drive test stand. The proposed system control and monitoring is the mobile system which is closely related with the three applications written in a different programming languages, such as: java (Android) – mobile application runs on the tablet, C language – server application joins xPC Target with tablet, PHP – admin panel to manage mobile control platform. Controlling of the hydrostatic drive stand is implemented using an application installed on the tablet. This application is connected with computer’s real-time (xPC Target) module, generated in Matlab. The computer with xPC Target is equipped with a measuring-control card, to which the control signals are transmitted. This hardware-software component plays the connecting role between machine and operator of the mobile platform installed on the tablet. The application allows observe important parameters such as pressure, volumetric flow rate, temperature, velocity, torque in real-time, as well as, it enable, by use of special graphic slider on the tablet’s screen, to set control parameters such as: speed of electric motor, the opening and switching positions of the directional valve, as well as, setting the load by pressure relief valve. Based on this system research related to the verification of system operation were performed for different setting of the hydrostatic transmission drive speed controller, and selected results are presented in the paper.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 2; 169-175
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Sprawność hydrostatycznych układów napędowych wolnobieżnych platform terenowych
    Hydrostatic drivetrains efficiency of slow-moving terrain vehicles
    Autorzy:
    Kończalski, K.
    Łopatka, M. J.
    Przybysz, M.
    Rubiec, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/309978.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
    Tematy:
    platforma transportowa
    pojazdy wolnobieżne
    hydrostatyczny napęd jazdy
    sterowanie hydrostatyczne
    transport platform
    slow-speed platform
    hydrostatic drive
    hydrostatic control
    Opis:
    W artykule omówiono zagadnienie sprawności hydrostatycznych układów napędowych stosowanych w wolnobieżnych platformach terenowych, które można wykorzystywać np. do transportu w trudnodostępnym terenie. Przedstawiono, przy tym krótką charakterystykę tego typu platform. Następnie omówiono, zagadnienie sprawności napędów hydrostatycznych oraz czynniki, które w głównej mierze decydują o wartości mocy rozpraszanej w układzie hydrostatycznym. Scharakteryzowano dwa główne rodzaje sprawności występujących w jednostkach hydrostatycznych (wolumetryczną i mechaniczno-hydrauliczną). Następnie dokonano porównania sprawności kilku silników hydraulicznych przy jednakowych warunkach obciążenia.
    Tis paper presents issues of hydrostatic drivetrains applied in slow-moving transport terrain vehicles. Short description of such a vehicles was described. Next efficiency of hydrostatic drivetrains and main factors which has influence on its efficiency was discussed. It was characterized two types of hydraulic components efficiency: volumetric and hydromechanic. They have detrimental effect on power loses in hydrostatic drivetrains. In final part of the paper efficiency of few hydraulic motors in the same load conditions was compare.
    Źródło:
    Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2018, 19, 6; 876-880, CD
    1509-5878
    2450-7725
    Pojawia się w:
    Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ocena wymagań dla hydrostatycznego układu skrętu platformy transportowej
    Assessment requirements for hydrostatic steering system in system follow me unmanned mobile robots
    Autorzy:
    Kończalski, K.
    Krogul, P.
    Przybysz, M.
    Typiak, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/316327.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
    Tematy:
    platforma transportowa
    robot mobilny
    bezzałogowy pojazd naziemny
    sterowanie robotem mobilnym
    hydrostatyczny układ skrętu
    hydrostatyczny napęd jazdy
    sterowanie hydrostatyczne
    transporting platforms
    mobile robot
    unmanned ground vehicle
    control of mobile robot
    turn system
    hydrostatic drive
    hydrostatic control
    Opis:
    W artykule omówione zostały wymagania dla hydrostatycznego układu skrętu bezzałogowych robotów mobilnych w kontekście zastosowania w systemie podążania za przewodnikiem. Przeanalizowano wymagania stawiane w tym zakresie przez wojsko. Omówiono stosowane systemy monitorujące otoczenie samochodów osobowych oraz koncepcję systemu wspomagania sterowania bezzałogową platformą lądową i wyniki badań intensywności skrętu platformy w porównaniu z typową maszyną budowlaną.
    The article discusses the requirements for the hydrostatic system of turning unmanned mobile robots in the context of using the system to follow the guide. The requirements set in this regard by the army were analyzed. Exchange car monitoring systems for cars. The control system of the unmanned ground platform and the results of tests on the intensity of the platform's turn compared to a typical construction machine are discussed.
    Źródło:
    Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2018, 19, 6; 871-875, CD
    1509-5878
    2450-7725
    Pojawia się w:
    Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Evaluation of losses in a hydraulic motor based on the SWSB - 63 motor tests
    Autorzy:
    Maczyszyn, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/259391.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
    Tematy:
    hydrostatic drive and control
    energy efficiency
    power of energy losses
    Opis:
    In this paper are compared two models of energy losses: that suggested by Prof. Paszota, Z. in monograph “Energy losses in the hydraulic displacement motors – definitions and relations serving the evaluation of the efficiency of hydrostatic drive” [18] and that of Prof. Balawender, A. in “Energy analysis and methodology of testing of low-speed hydraulic motors” [1]. By using the data obtained from the tests of SWSB-63 hydraulic motors [2] the graphs which illustrate mechanical, volumetric and pressure losses in function of the parameters on which the losses directly depend [18 ], have been elaborated and showed in comparison with the description of such losses in function of the parameters assumed in [1]. The below presented text has been complemented in relation to that published in the monograph [4] and read during the scientific technical conference „Cylinder 2010” organized by the Mining Engineering Centre „Komag”, Gliwice, and held on 20÷22 September 2010 in Rytro, Poland.
    Źródło:
    Polish Maritime Research; 2010, 4; 46-53
    1233-2585
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Maritime Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Graphical presentation of the power of energy losses and power developed in the elements of hydrostatic drive and control system. Part II. Rotational hydraulic motor speed parallel throttling control and volumetric control systems
    Autorzy:
    Paszota, Z.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/258538.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
    Tematy:
    hydrostatic drive and control system
    power of energy losses
    energy efficiency
    Opis:
    Paper presents graphical interpretation of the power of energy losses in the hydrostatic drive and control system elements and also of the power developed by those elements. An individual system fed by a constant capacity pump, where rotational hydraulic motor speed control is effected by a parallel throttling control system, is analyzed and also a system with the rotational hydraulic motor speed volumetric control by a variable capacity pump, an individual system with a rotational hydraulic motor volumetric speed control by means of a simultaneous change of the pump capacity per one revolution and change of the motor capacity per one revolution, the system operating at the constant pressure in the pump discharge conduit equal to the nominal pressure of the system: pP2 = pn and central system (with situated in parallel and simultaneously operating motors) with volumetric speed control of each rotational hydraulic motor by a motor secondary circuit assembly, the system fed by a pump with variable capacity per one shaft revolution fitted with pressure regulator pP2 = pn.
    Źródło:
    Polish Maritime Research; 2008, 4; 21-29
    1233-2585
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Maritime Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Graphical presentation of the power of energy losses and power developed in the elements of hydrostatic drive and control system. Part I. Rotational hydraulic motor speed series throttling control systems
    Autorzy:
    Paszota, Z.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/259854.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
    Tematy:
    hydrostatic drive and control system
    power of energy losses
    energy efficiency
    Opis:
    Paper proposes and justifies a diagram of the direction of increase of power stream from the shaft or piston rod of a hydraulic motor to the pump shaft, power increasing as an effect of the imposed power of energy losses in the hydrostatic drive and control system elements. Graphical interpretation of the power of energy losses in the hydrostatic drive and control system elements and also of the power developed by those elements is presented. An individual system with the rotational hydraulic motor speed series throttling control fed by a constant capacity pump cooperating with an overflow valve in a constant pressure system p = cte . pn is analyzed and also an individual system with the rotational hydraulic motor speed series throttling control fed by a constant capacity pump cooperating with an overflow valve controlled in a variable pressure system: p = var, an individual system with the rotational hydraulic motor speed series throttling control fed by a variable capacity pump cooperating with a pressure regulator in a constant pressure system p = cte . pn and an individual system with the rotational hydraulic motor speed series throttling control fed by a variable capacity pump cooperating with the Load Sensing regulator in a variable pressure p = var system.
    Źródło:
    Polish Maritime Research; 2008, 3; 28-37
    1233-2585
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Maritime Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Simulation of vehicle working conditions with hydrostatic pump and motor control algorithm
    Autorzy:
    Zavadinka, P.
    Kriššák, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/385112.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Automatyki i Pomiarów
    Tematy:
    hydrostatic pump and motor
    control algorithm
    mobile working machine
    energy savings
    Opis:
    Emission rules have significant impact on market of mobile working machines. They bring new challenges for transmission, working, controlling and vehicle management functions. Extensive knowledge from design, control system, optimization, automation, signal processing, system modeling etc. are welcome to get answer how best to produce more efficient, productive machines. In case of new concepts is appropriate to create complex dynamic model of machine. Presented paper describes a four wheel drive model and simulation of a mobile working machine and the concept of hydrostatic pump and motor control algorithm in selected conditions.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Automation Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems; 2012, 6, 3; 40-46
    1897-8649
    2080-2145
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Automation Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Energy efficiency of a hydrostatic drive with proportional control compared with volumetric control
    Autorzy:
    Skorek, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/259638.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
    Tematy:
    hydrostatic system
    control structures
    proportional directional valve
    cylinder
    energy losses
    energy efficiency
    Opis:
    There are uninvestigated areas connected with behaviour of elements in hydraulic systems with different structures. Unawareness of proportions of the energy, volumetric, pressure and mechanical losses in elements is often the case. Problems connected with energy efficiency are essential for improvement of functionality and quality of hydrostatic drive systems, characterised by unquestioned advantages but also by relatively low efficiency in comparison with other types of drive. Energy efficiency of hydrostatic transmissions, particularly those with throttling control of the motor speed, and also efficiency of the hydraulic servo-mechanism systems may be in fact higher than the values most often quoted in publications on the subject. Possibility of calculating the real value of the hydraulic system overall efficiency as a function of many parameters influencing it, becomes a tool of complete evaluation of the designed system quality. The paper compares efficiencies of systems with cylinder proportional control and efficiency of the system volumetric control by a variable capacity pump. Presented are also two schematic diagrams of the investigated hydrostatic systems, their principle of operation and problems of studying losses in elements and energy efficiency of systems consisting of a feed assembly, control set and cylinder.
    Źródło:
    Polish Maritime Research; 2013, 3; 14-19
    1233-2585
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Maritime Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Graphical interpretation of the power of energy losses and power developed in the hydrostatic drive and control system elements
    Autorzy:
    Skorek, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/259894.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
    Tematy:
    hydraulic motor
    energy balance
    energy losses
    energy efficiency
    capacity pump
    hydraulic servomechanism
    hydrostatic drive system
    Źródło:
    Polish Maritime Research; 2012, 4; 44-53
    1233-2585
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Maritime Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The operating field of a hydrostatic drive system parameters of the energy efficiency investigations of pumps and hydraulic motors
    Autorzy:
    Paszota, Z.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/259125.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
    Tematy:
    hydrostatic drive and control
    pumps
    hydraulic motors
    Sankey diagram
    energy efficiency
    laboratory and simulation investigations
    Opis:
    The operating field of hydrostatic drive system is presented. Subdivision of the hydraulic motor and pump work parameters into parameters independent of and dependent on the operation of displacement machines and the system is justified. A research project is proposed aimed at development of methods determining the energy characteristics of pumps and rotational hydraulic motors as well as modified methods of determining the energy characteristics of hydrostatic drive systems with selected structures of hydraulic motor speed control. The paper is an extended version of reference [11].
    Źródło:
    Polish Maritime Research; 2009, 4; 16-21
    1233-2585
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Maritime Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Hydrostatic drives as safe and energy saving machines. The drive investigation method compatible with the diagram of power increase opposite to the direction of power flow
    Autorzy:
    Paszota, Z.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/259311.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
    Tematy:
    hydrostatic drive and control
    evaluation of energy losses
    method of energy efficiency investigation
    search for the energy saving solutions
    Opis:
    Designers and manufacturers of hydrostatic drives have not a tool for precise determination of their energy efficiency, changing in a wide range in the driven device operating field, i.e. in the full range of the hydraulic motor speed and load and the working medium viscosity. This applies both to determining of losses and energy efficiency of displacement machines (pump and hydraulic motor) used in the drive system, and to losses and energy efficiency of the motor control system structure. A method is proposed compatible with the diagram of power increase opposite to the direction of power flow. That diagram replaces the Sankey diagram of power decrease in the direction of power flow.
    Źródło:
    Polish Maritime Research; 2011, 1; 3-9
    1233-2585
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Maritime Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The control system for a manipulator with two degrees of freedom for water hydrostatic transmission drive
    Autorzy:
    Kucybała, P.
    Sobczyk, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/248151.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    fluid power control system
    hydrostatic transmission system
    water hydraulics
    Opis:
    The article presents concepts of control of the manipulator with two degrees of freedom, which uses a water hydraulic power unit to drive the actuators. The proposed control system is based on the use of electromagnetically controlled “rosettes valve” and proportional flow control valve. The control system is implemented using a computer equipped with a module for the real-time operating system (XPC Target) working in connection with the environment Matlab/Simulink. Controlled variable of the drive system is the displacement of the individual hydraulic cylinder and after determining manipulator kinematics, any point of the object in operating space. The positioning error of individual manipulator elements will be determined during the test in terms of different control algorithms, using the PID controller and PWM signal. In addition, it analyses the impact of changes in the velocity of the piston rod for the boom mechanism and the arm mechanism. An important aspect of the presented hydrostatic drive system is the use of water as a medium that physical and chemical properties are different from commonly used hydraulic oil, and which is friendly to the environment and meet the high cleanliness requirements for the fluid used to transfer the hydrostatic energy. Therefore, the control system requires a different approach, tied with synchronous control valves ON/OFF and proportional control flow regulators to achieve high accuracy.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2015, 22, 3; 125-132
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The accuracy of defining the energy efficiency of drive systems exemplified by comparison with hydrostatic drives with proportional motor speed control
    Autorzy:
    Skorek, Grzegorz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/135559.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
    Tematy:
    energy efficiency
    useful power
    power of losses
    accuracy
    field of work
    drive system
    hydrostatic transmission
    Opis:
    The aim of the article is to look at the possibility of accurately determining the energy efficiency of drive systems. The results of experimentally determined efficiencies and the efficiencies determined from simulations of two hydrostatic systems with throttling control and fed by a constant capacity pump were compared. The research apparatus was very precisely designed, made and automated. The measuring instruments that were used are characterized by their high measuring accuracy. The issues related to the determination of the energy losses and the energy efficiency of the hydraulic motor or drive system, which should be determined as dependent on the physical quantities independent of these losses, were also discussed. A Paszota diagram of the power increase in the direction opposite to the direction of the power flow, replacing the Sankey diagram of the power decrease in the direction of the power flow in the hydraulic motor or in the drive system, was analyzed. The results showed that a Paszota diagram opens up a new perspective on research on the power of energy losses and energy efficiency of hydraulic motors and drive systems.
    Źródło:
    Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2019, 58 (130); 32-41
    1733-8670
    2392-0378
    Pojawia się w:
    Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Stanowisko do wyznaczania charakterystyk statycznych i dynamicznych zaworów proporcjonalnych
    Test stand for estimation of static and dynamic characteristic of proportional hydraulic valves
    Autorzy:
    Kudźma, Z.
    Stosiak, M.
    Herok, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/276099.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Automatyki i Pomiarów
    Tematy:
    rozdzielacz proporcjonalny
    sterowanie proporcjonalne
    charakterystyki
    przekładnia hydrostatyczna
    badania
    proportional directional control valve
    proportional control
    characteristics
    hydrostatic transmission
    research
    Opis:
    W artykule przedstawiono stanowisko do wyznaczania charakterystyk statycznych i dynamicznych zaworów sterowanych w technice proporcjonalnej. Opisano układ sterujący rozdzielaczem proporcjonalnym i wielokanałowy tor sterująco-pomiarowy ze specjalistycznym oprogramowaniem umożliwiającym generowanie dowolnego w czasie przebiegu sygnału sterującego oraz na akwizycję danych pomiarowych. Przedstawiono przykładowe wyniki wyznaczania charakterystyk proporcjonalnego rozdzielacza regulacyjnego najnowszej generacji. Zamieszczono przykład zastosowania uzyskanych wyników pomiarowych do uściślenia modelu matematycznego sterowania rozruchem przekładni hydrostatycznej pod kątem minimalizacji hałasu.
    In the paper a test stand for determination of static and dynamic proportional valves characteristic was presented. A multichannel test stand was developed and presented in the paper. Moreover control system of proportional directional control valve and multichannel slotted line with special software for generation several control signals were presented too. Moreover some experimental tests results were presented for high-response proportional directional control valve. An example of application obtained results for mathematical model refinement of control of hydrostatic transmission start with minimum noise criterion was presented.
    Źródło:
    Pomiary Automatyka Robotyka; 2014, 18, 3; 112-119
    1427-9126
    Pojawia się w:
    Pomiary Automatyka Robotyka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Comparison of the structural and total energy efficiency of selected hydraulic systems with proportional control linear motor
    Autorzy:
    Skorek, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247433.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    energy efficiency
    power of losses
    hydrostatic system
    throttling steering
    pump
    hydraulic linear motor
    proportional directional valve
    Opis:
    In the paper are presented the diagrams of the structural energy efficiency of system with the throttling control assembly and total energy efficiency of the system with constant or variable capacity pump cooperating an overflow valve with the throttling control of the linear hydraulic motor. Diagrams of total energy efficiency of three hydraulic systems working at the same parameters of speed and load of hydraulic linear motor, which were different due to structure and ability of energy saving were presented and compared. This publication also presents analyses and compares the areas of the power fields of energy losses occurring in the elements of three compared hydraulic systems with different structures of the hydraulic linear motor speed control on example on Load Sensing system. The graphical interpretation of the power of losses in the hydrostatic drive and control system elements lets to compare the same power fields of energy losses with other power fields of another structure. This enables to understand what energy losses are the biggest and in which elements of compared hydraulic systems. The best possibility to use in system, as a supply source of the hydraulic cylinder speed series throttling control assembly, is a set consisting of a variable capacity pump cooperating with a Load Sensing (LS) regulator, which totally eliminates the structural volumetric losses in a system. Power ΔPstv of structural volumetric losses is equal to zero, because the current pump capacity QP is adjusted, by the LS regulator, to the current flow intensity QM set by the throttling assembly.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 2; 317-324
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Study of losses and energy efficiency of hydrostatic drives with hydraulic cylinder
    Autorzy:
    Skorek, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/260205.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
    Tematy:
    energy losses
    energy efficiency
    hydrostatic system
    control structures
    proportional directional control valve
    cylinder
    Opis:
    Energy efficiency of hydrostatic transmissions, and especially efficiencies of drives with motor speed controlled by throttle, as well as efficiency of hydraulic servomechanisms can in fact be higher than the efficiency values most frequently given by the respective literature in this field. With the progress achieved in recent years in the development of hydraulic systems it is becoming necessary to develop methods for precise energy efficiency calculation of such systems. It is difficult to imagine that more and more, better and better machines and control elements could be used without the possibility of a mathematical tool at our disposal to enable an accurate analysis and assessment of behavior of the system in which such machines and control elements have been applied. The paper discusses energy savings using mathematical model of losses in elements, the energy efficiency of the system. There are possibilities to reduce energy losses in proportional control systems (in the pump, in the throttle control unit, especially in the cylinder), and thus to improve the energy efficiency of the throttling manifold. The considerations allow for comparison of the loss power resulting from the applied hydraulic control structure of the hydraulic cylinder and the power consumed by the pump from the electric motor that drives it, the power necessary to provide pump-driven hydraulic cylinder. The article shows the impact on the output (useful) power consumed in the considered systems, and the impact on the power consumed of the loss power in the individual elements. The paper presents also formulas of loss power, formulas of energy efficiency connected with investigated hydrostatic drives, two schematic diagrams of hydraulic systems, their principle of operation and problems of studying losses in elements and energy efficiency characteristics of systems consisting of a feed assembly, control set and cylinder. It also includes a subject matter connected with an energy loss power of hydrostatic systems with hydraulic cylinder controlled by proportional directional control valve. Diagrams of loss power of two hydraulic systems worked at the same parameters of speed and load of a cylinder, which were different due to structure and ability of energy saving, were presented and compared.
    Źródło:
    Polish Maritime Research; 2018, 4; 114-129
    1233-2585
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Maritime Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The opportunities for getting energy savings in the hydrostatic drive system
    Autorzy:
    Skorek, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246878.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    energy efficiency
    energy losses
    power
    power of losses
    hydrostatic system
    control structures
    Opis:
    Full picture of the energy losses in a hydrostatic drive system is a picture of the power of energy losses in the system elements. Paper presents the areas of the power fields of energy losses occurring in the elements of some hydraulic systems with different structures of the hydraulic motor speed control. Proposed graphical interpretation allows analysing and comparing different hydrostatic drive systems. In many constructed and manufactured machines currently used hydrostatic drive systems or electro hydrostatic systems of varying complexity. Today, the need for energy-efficient systems forces to some extent the development and improvement of computational methods using computer aided relating to energy efficiency systems. Hydrostatic systems especially in modern machines play a very important role. Actuators, such as hydraulic motors, hydraulic cylinders is commonly used for a long time, including on machines and equipment land and marine. Unawareness of proportions of the energy, volumetric, pressure and mechanical losses in elements is often the case. Problems connected with energy efficiency are essential for improvement of functionality and quality of hydrostatic drive systems, characterised by unquestioned advantages. Energy efficiency of hydrostatic transmissions, particularly those with throttling control of the motor speed, and also efficiency of the hydraulic servomechanism systems may be in fact higher than the values most often quoted in publications on the subject.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 2; 273-280
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The use of digital hydraulic to the position control of hydraulic cylinder
    Autorzy:
    Kucybała, P.
    Sobczyk, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244161.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    fluid power control system
    hydrostatic transmission system
    digital hydraulics
    Opis:
    The article presents the method of controlling the position of the hydraulic cylinder using hydraulic valves on/off with an appropriate strategy for digital control. Main elements of the hydraulic system under consideration include a group of electromagnetic hydraulic valves and hydraulic cylinder single acting. The control system was implemented in the environment of the real-time system based on MATLAB/Simulink. The digital control strategy is based on a fast enough on and off switching valves causing corresponding motion of the cylinder to the required position. This article presents the advantages and disadvantages of this type of control about the system with the proportional control system. The accuracy of this kind of control depends on the structure, properties of the valves or their static and dynamic characteristics. The results of analysis of the control system have the possibility of controlling the positioning hydraulic cylinder with a rather high accuracy, which can be used in place of proportional control systems. The use of digital control system allows, under certain conditions to obtain cost savings related to a reduction in energy consumption, to get a much better adaptation to variable control systems. This concept is an interesting alternative for the conventional control system and provides opportunities for application in systems, where conventional control is very expensive e.g. water hydraulics or to the clear systems where the use of hydraulic proportional technique is not necessarily, but depends on the user to the possibility of obtaining good quality control at a relatively low cost.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 3; 297-302
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Influence the applied control structure on energy efficiency of the hydrostatic system
    Autorzy:
    Skorek, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245430.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    energy efficiency
    power of losses
    hydrostatic system
    throttling steering
    pump
    hydraulic linear motor
    proportional directional valve
    deck machinery
    Opis:
    A control system with a proportional directional throttling control valve or a directional control servo valve, controlling a cylinder (linear hydraulic motor) is used in the ship steering gear drive, in the controllable pitch propeller control, in the variable capacity pump control system for hydraulic deck equipment motors or fixed pitch propellers in small ships (for example ferries). The hydraulic system is designed first of all taking into consideration the nominal parameters of the cylinder load and speed. For such parameters, the energy efficiency of the elements and complete system is described. Meanwhile the exploitation conditions can vary in full range changes of the cylinder load and speed coefficients. The article presents a comparison of the energy behaviour of two widespread structures of hydrostatic systems: a standard individual systems with a throttling steering fed by a constant capacity pump. Both hydraulic solutions are described and equations of the total efficiency η of the system are presented. Diagrams of energy efficiency of two hydraulic systems working at the same parameters of a speed and a load of hydraulic linear motor, which were different due to structure are presented and compared, as well ability of energy saving. This publication also presents analyses and compares the areas of the power fields of energy losses occurring in the elements of two hydraulic systems with different structures of the hydraulic linear motor speed control.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 3; 411-418
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Koncepcja hydrostatycznego układu jazdy typu "skid steer" terenowego pojazdu specjalnego przeznaczenia
    Modernization of all-terrain vehicle hydrostatic drive system for controllability improving
    Autorzy:
    Guzowski, A.
    Sobczyk, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/270016.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Wrocławska Rada Federacji Stowarzyszeń Naukowo-Technicznych
    Tematy:
    napęd hydrostatyczny
    modernizacja
    sterowanie
    pojazd terenowy
    hydrostatic drive system
    modernization
    control
    all-terrain vehicle
    Opis:
    Artykuł przedstawia pierwszy etap realizacji koncepcji budowy pojazdu terenowego z elektrohydraulicznym układem sterowania poprzez modernizację prototypowego pojazdu terenowego z napędem hydrostatycznym. Głównym celem projektu jest zbudowanie układu sterowania mechanizmem jazdy, pozwalającego na użycie zaawansowanych procedur monitorowania warunków obciążenia i sprzężonych z nimi algorytmów sterowania. Przedstawiono zakres niezbędnych podstawowych zmian w strukturze układu napędu i sterowania, aby możliwe było osiągnięcie postawionych celów. Układ napędu i sterowania wzbogacono o elementy, które zostały dobrane w oparciu o wstępne obliczenia. Zmiany w strukturze układu umożliwić mają m.in. przełączanie zasilania silników hydrostatycznych z równoległego na szeregowy. Sterowanie wysokością położenia każdego z kół ułatwi poruszanie się po nierównościach i pochyłościach terenu, jak i pokonywanie przeszkód. Końcowa ocena opisanych zmian w układzie sterowania będzie dokonana podczas testów poligonowych, w czasie których układ kontrolno-pomiarowy umożliwi sprawdzenie i ocenę różnych algorytmów sterowania.
    The article presents first stage of concept to build and development of prototype hydrostatically driven vehicle which was primary designed and build in Institute of Machine Design fluid power laboratory. The main goal of project is creation of vehicle drive mechanism control system which allow introducing advanced procedure of working conditions monitoring and related to them control algorithms. Such modified hydrostatic machine will be treated as a mobile object of tests with special attention to drive control in case of moving through undefined terrain or surroundings (special application). Thus, in article contents, range of main changes in drive system structure was described to fulfill assumed task which should be obtained. At this stage of hydraulic scheme with specification of system components, which were chosen based on estimated calculation, were presented. First of all, reconstruction of hydraulic system in way to obtain capabilities of drive was proposed, allowing for parallel to serial connection of hydrostatic motors which drive the wheels, resulting in 2 - stage speed control in relation to external driving resistance. Additionally hydraulic suspension system will allow to undercarriage position control in relation to slope or in case of overcoming obstacles. Final verification of described changes will be possible during field tests of vehicle drive control system. The electrohydraulic valves will be controlled by use of CANBus components with assist of measuring transducers what give opportunity check out and assess of different control algorithms of such parameters as speed, utilization of input ICE power, fuel consumption, as well as later, quality of control from safety and ergonomic point of view.
    Źródło:
    Inżynieria Maszyn; 2012, R. 17, z. 4; 54-66
    1426-708X
    Pojawia się w:
    Inżynieria Maszyn
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ocena zdatności hydraulicznych zespołów sterujących uruchamianych w niskich temperaturach otoczenia
    Evaluation of ability of hydraulic control components to start up in low ambient temperatures
    Autorzy:
    Jasiński, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/327754.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Towarzystwo Diagnostyki Technicznej PAN
    Tematy:
    napęd hydrostatyczny
    element sterujący
    proces cieplny
    hydrostatic drive
    control
    thermal process
    Opis:
    Producenci maszyn i urządzeń z napędem hydraulicznym chcą mieć pewność, że ich wyroby będą prawidłowo działały w różnych warunkach atmosferycznych. Metoda opracowana przez autora, dzięki której można określić zdatność zespołów hydraulicznych, w tym sterujących, uruchamianych w niskich temperaturach otoczenia, może być w tym pomocna. W laboratorium Katedry Hydrauliki i Pneumatyki Politechniki Gdańskiej przebadano w niskich temperaturach otoczenia (w warunkach szoku termicznego - zasilanie oziębionych zespołów hydraulicznych gorącym czynnikiem roboczym) wybrane zespoły sterujące układów hydraulicznych: zawór przelewowy UZPP16 firmy PONAR WADOWICE, rozdzielacze 4WEH16C33/6AW220-50 firmy REXROTH i RE2510/101 firmy HYDROTOR, rozdzielacz proporcjonalny PVG 32 firmy SAUER DANFOSS, serwozawór 4WS2EM10 - 45/20B2T315Z8EM firmy REXROTH. Wyznaczono współczynniki przejmowana ciepła od oleju do elementów hydraulicznych zespołów sterujących, które umożliwiają skorzystanie z metody symulacji komputerowej lub analitycznej wyznaczenia efektywnego luzu określającego prawidłową lub nieprawidłową pracę. Zostały wyznaczone obszary prawidłowej i nieprawidłowej pracy zaworów w zależności od natężenia przepływu oraz różnicy temperatur pomiędzy gorącym olejem i oziębionym rozdzielaczem.
    The manufacturers of machines and devices of hydraulic drive want to have certainty that their articles will operate in different weather conditions. The worked out by R. Jasiński method has been helpful to qualify the evaluation of ability of hydraulic components, also controls to start up in low ambient temperatures. In laboratory of Department of Hydraulics and Pneumatics of Gdańsk University of Technology the chosen control hydraulic components systems have been tested in low ambient temperatures (thermal shock conditions). They were following components: electrically controlled directional spool valve RE2510 produced by HYDROTOR, electro-hydraulically controlled directional spool valve 4WEH16C33/6AW220-50 produced by REXROTH, proportional valve type PVG 32 produced by SAUER DANFOSS, pressure relief valve UZPP16 produced by PONAR WADOWICE, servo valve 4WS2EM10 - 45/20 B2T315Z8EM produced by REXROTH. The database, containing values of heat transfer coefficients, between oil and swilled element, dependent on oil velocity, for various hydraulic components, was created. On the basis of the data, it is possible to determine, by computer simulation or analytic method, the range of parameters (oil flow rate and temperature difference between oil and hydraulic component temperatures) for correct operation of hydraulic components (systems) in thermal shock conditions. The methods of analytic and computer simulation for determining the area of correct operation of the hydraulic component (system) in thermal shock conditions, might be very useful for designers to construct hydraulic components and systems for machines that work in low ambient temperatures.
    Źródło:
    Diagnostyka; 2008, 2(46); 189-194
    1641-6414
    2449-5220
    Pojawia się w:
    Diagnostyka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Działanie podzespołów sterujących układów hydraulicznych w niskich temperaturach otoczenia w warunkach zasilania gorącym czynnikiem roboczym
    Performance of hydraulic control systems fed with hot working fluid in low ambient temperatures
    Autorzy:
    Jasiński, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/328794.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Towarzystwo Diagnostyki Technicznej PAN
    Tematy:
    napędy hydrostatyczne
    elementy sterujące
    procesy cieplne
    hydrostatic drive
    control
    thermal processes
    Opis:
    Podczas eksploatacji układów hydraulicznych w niskich temperaturach otoczenia powstaje cały szereg trudności ich prawidłowego działania. Może wystąpić między innymi przypadek rozruchu wychłodzonych podzespołów sterujących i wykonawczych zasilanych olejem (nawet gorącym) o temperaturze przewyższającej temperaturę podzespołu. Nagły dopływ gorącego oleju do oziębionego podzespołu hydraulicznego (np. rozdzielacza czy silnika) powoduje tzw. "szok termiczny", któremu towarzyszy niejednakowe nagrzewanie się elementów tego podzespołu w czasie, wskutek różnych cech konstrukcyjnych i własności materiałowych. Przebieg temperatury poszczególnych elementów podzespołu hydraulicznego wywołany warunkami szoku termicznego jest różny. Powoduje to różną w czasie rozszerzalność cieplną elementu podzespołu wpływając na wielkość luzów w procesie przejściowym i może wywołać nieprawidłową pracę całego układu hydraulicznego.
    Many problems may be encountered when hydraulic systems are operated in low ambient temperatures. Among them there may be a case of starting-up frozen controls and actuators supplied with oil of temperature higher (even hot) than the temperature of a hydraulic element. An abrupt flow of the hot oil into the frozen hydraulic element (eg directional valve or motor) causes so called "thermal shock", which is accompanied by a non-uniform heating of the element's parts caused by different material and structure properties. The thermal shock causes different temperature responses in particular parts of a hydraulic element. Different thermal expansion of those parts influences height of clearances during this transient process and may jeopardize the performance of the whole hydraulic system.
    Źródło:
    Diagnostyka; 2004, 30, T. 1; 211-216
    1641-6414
    2449-5220
    Pojawia się w:
    Diagnostyka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Controller area network standard for unmanned ground vehicles hydraulic systems in construction applications
    Autorzy:
    Szynkarczyk, Piotr
    Wrona, Józef
    Bartnicki, Adam
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/384903.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Automatyki i Pomiarów
    Tematy:
    CAN bus
    control systems
    unmanned ground vehicles
    mobile robots
    hydrostatic drive systems
    construction equipment
    Opis:
    Unmanned vehicles occupy more and more space in the human environment. Mobile robots, being a significant part thereof, generate high technological requirements in order to meet the requirements of the end user. The main focus of the end users both in civil, and so called “defense and security” areas in the broadly defined segments of the construction industry should be on safety and efficiency of unmanned vehicles. It creates some requirements for their drive and control systems being supported among others by vision, communication and navigation systems. It is also important to mention the importance of specific design of manipulators to be used to fulfill the construction tasks. Control technologies are among the critical technologies in the efforts to achieve these requirements. This paper presents test stations for testing control systems and remote control system for work tools in the function of teleoperator using the CAN bus and vehicles which use hydrostatic drive systems based on the Controller Area Network (CAN) standard. The paper examines the potential for using a CAN bus for the control systems of modern unmanned ground vehicles that can be used in construction, and what limitations would possibly prevent their full use. It is exactly crucial for potential users of unmanned vehicles for construction industry applications to know whether their specific requirements basing on the tasks typical in construction [9] may be fulfilled or not when using the CAN bus standard.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Automation Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems; 2020, 14, 1; 3-12
    1897-8649
    2080-2145
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Automation Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Friction losses in a linear hydraulic motor as a result of the influence of the control structure and oil viscosity
    Autorzy:
    Skorek, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/241950.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    friction force
    mechanical losses
    energy efficiency
    oil viscosity
    hydrostatic drive
    hydraulic cylinder
    Opis:
    The problem of energy tests of hydraulic systems with hydraulic cylinders, seemingly simple displacement machines, is more complex than that of rotary hydraulic systems. The results of the researches provide an insight into the impact of external loads, required speed, structure of the power supply system, viscosity of hydraulic oil on friction loss, and the efficiency of cylinder drive. The hydraulic cylinder is the strongest structure in the system. Failure of the system is most likely due to failure of the pump supplying the cylinder. The high load of the pump is often caused by the very low energy efficiency of the cylinder, which, despite a relatively low external load, requires high inlet pressure due to large mechanical losses of friction between the piston and the cylinder and between the piston rod and gland. These losses depend on the type of seal used, its shape, the material it is made from, pre-clamp, and the operating parameters of the cylinder. Improperly sealed or assembled seals can cause energy losses of up to 25%. Due to the use of moving seals in the hydraulic cylinder, its energy behaviour is completely different compared to the energy behaviour of a rotary motor, which does not have any seals. The friction force connected with the work of the sealing joints and the mechanical efficiency of the cylinder are determined not only by the external load but also by the method of the applicable supply of the cylinder resulting from the throttling structure, and in particular the pressure level generated in the discharge chamber of the cylinder.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 4; 377-384
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Charakterystyki mocy strat energetycznych w wybranych elementach układów hydraulicznych
    Characteristics of Power of Energy Losses in Selected Elements in Hydraulic System
    Autorzy:
    Skorek, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/342243.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Morskiego w Gdyni
    Tematy:
    moc
    straty energetyczne
    sterowanie proporcjonalne
    układ hydrostatyczny
    silnik hydrauliczny liniowy
    power
    energy losses
    proportional control
    hydrostatic system
    hydraulic cylinder
    Opis:
    W artykule porównano dwa układy ze sterowaniem dławieniowym, które zasilane były pompą o stałej wydajności. Poruszono tematykę związaną ze stratami energetycznymi układów hydrostatycznych z silnikami hydraulicznymi liniowymi sterowanymi proporcjonalnie rozdzielaczem proporcjonalnym. Przedstawiono i porównano wykresy mocy strat dwóch układów hydraulicznych pracujących przy tych samych parametrach prędkości i obciążenia siłownika, lecz różniących się strukturą oraz możliwością oszczędności energii.
    In this article two hydrostatic systems with a throttling steering fed by a constant capacity pump were compared. The subject matter connected with an energy losses of hydrostatic systems with hydraulic linear motors controlled by proportional directional valve was presented. Diagrams of power losses of two hydraulic systems worked at the same parameters of a speed and a load of hydraulic linear motor, which were different due to structure and ability of an energy saving, were presented and were compared.
    Źródło:
    Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Gdyni; 2017, 100; 164-178
    1644-1818
    2451-2486
    Pojawia się w:
    Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Gdyni
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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