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Tytuł:
Can mouse clicking be seen as involvement in armed conflict? Some notes on the direct participation in hostilities in cyberspace
Can mouse clicking be seen as involvement in armed conflict? Some notes on the direct participation in hostilities in cyberspace
Autorzy:
Lewandowski, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/684880.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Humanitarian law
armed conflicts
cyberspace
Opis:
Contemporary armed conflicts are increasingly based on new technologies. These technologies enable to conduct hostilities from a distance, often eliminate the human factor from the battlefield. Nowadays, cyberspace created by the Internet allows to frame the idea of armed conflict outside the traditional recognition of the fight between belligerent armed forces. This article addresses issues of the direct participation of hostilities in cyberspace. In the first part it discusses technological development and its impact on the activation of the civil factor during armed conflicts. In the second part by analysing the current practice of cyber conflicts it refers to the concept of direct participation in hostilities and its constituent elements as a threshold of harm, direct causation, belligerent nexus at the cybernetic level. The third and final part examines the possibility of the loss of protection, in particular, it addresses the issues related to its temporal nature and the question of means and methods of attacking civilians involved in cyber warfare.
Źródło:
Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review; 2013, 2; 195-204
2450-0976
Pojawia się w:
Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Współdziałanie wojsk Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów w pierwszym etapie walk kampanii cudnowskiej
Cooperation of Polish armed forcesduring first part of hostilities of Cudnovian campaign
Autorzy:
Bomanowski, Bogusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/968506.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Opis:
This researchers are intended to comprehend and put under analyses a set of modes of cooperation performed by different military units under Polish command during first part of the cudnovian campaign, including hostilities under Kutyszcze, Lubar and during the retreat of Moscovian- -Cossack army on the path to Cudnow. A proper campaign became my choice as a subject of researches, because indigenous and unique Polish-Lithuanian art of War achieved very high level of development in this period, perfected by great hetmans since the end of 16th century. It gives a good background to examine methods of cooperation by different types of forces in the army of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Conclusions made in the wake of analyses devoted to the first part of this campaign could be formed in to four sets. 1. Modular and diverse structure of Polish army amended by large group of Crimean light cavalry is a flexible and versatile power. It gives a large superiority over Moscovian-Cossack forces. Commanders on different levels of command are able to create ad hoc joint task force and to variegate cooperation modes between them. 2. Cooperation is predominant quality of Polish forces during vast majority of sufficient actions in this campaign. Diacritically large spectrum of available types of specialized units causes a mixture of capabilities and complicated scenarios of cooperation, which is used with great outcome to step up the effectiveness of Polish army. Despite confrontation with very strong discipline of Moscovian-Cossack forces, their sustainable, enduring defense, desperate brave in close combat and good command, there are only one dominant and pervasive force – Polish army and Tatars were creative enough, to bring their opponents to the passive role. 3. Some weak moments in polish-tatar cooperation could be also observed. Especially Tatars are the reason of some havoc in collective actions. They attack without permission (battle of Kutyszcze) or withhold their units to avoid losses, making Poles to fight alone (by the Ibr river). 4. Ad hoc although not hasty actions are performed alongside with disciplined methodical operations. Commanders of small units (under regimental level: banners, squadrons etc.) are creative but also it is visible, that among all polish forces officers are provided with a dependable background of unified procedures which they choose to operate in a wide spectrum of tactical situations. Hostilities started by the charge of hussars under Wilczkowski and continued by action of musketeers is a god example here. It is a modern army with standardized roles and procedures, but not bounded with it. Enthusiasm of soldiers and their readiness to support each other is showed by units, who spontaneously engage the cooperation.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica; 2015, 95
0208-6050
2450-6990
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wars in the later 21st century: Forecast developments in the methods of warfare
Autorzy:
Górnikiewicz, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/576523.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-24
Wydawca:
Akademia Sztuki Wojennej
Tematy:
forecasting
future warfare
military technologies
dual-use technologies
hostilities
Opis:
This paper attempts to forecast the future of warfare methods in the forthcoming decades of the 21st century. The predictions reflect on the current trends observed in the development of military and civil (dual-use) technologies and changes in thought constructs developed for hostilities. The methods of warfare at the turn of the 21st century are likely to reflect the technological evolution of the modern age. Considering the present-day trends, there is a good probability that our technology-driven lives will transform people into hybrids of biological organisms merged with the technological environment, integrated with the body. Therefore, hostile action against human soldiers could be taken on three major levels: the biological organism, the mass communication technology integrated into the body, and the mental level – both in the conscious and the subconscious sphere. The study into how the soldier’s mental sphere can be influenced to anticipate and shape behaviours may contribute to further research on the third level impact on enemy soldiers. The conclusions formulated in this analysis may carry significant implications for the works on an innovative methodology of the future warfare, accounting for the technological progress in the next decades of the 21st century, and a methodology for countering future military threats.
Źródło:
Security and Defence Quarterly; 2019, 27, 5; 21-31
2300-8741
2544-994X
Pojawia się w:
Security and Defence Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Manifestations of post-traumatic stress in military personnel after participating in hostilities in the Russian-Ukrainian war
Autorzy:
Prykhodko, Ihor
Matsehora, Yanina
Kryvokon, Nataliya
Hunbin, Konstantin
Kovalchuk, Oleksandr
Antusheva, Nataliia
Filonenko, Lesia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/29520466.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-12-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego
Tematy:
hostilities
military personnel
post-traumatic stress
Opis:
Introduction and aim. Since the beginning of the Russian-Ukrainian war, many Ukrainian military personnel began to show post-traumatic stress (PTS). The purpose of the article is to identify the features of PTS exhibited in different age groups in trauma-exposed military personnel during their participation in the psychological recovery program (“Invincibility Program”). Material and methods. Ukrainian Defense Forces military personnel (n=546 males, between 20 and 60 years of age) participated in this study. All participants were divided into three age groups. Determination of the features of PTS in military personnel was carried out using psychodiagnostic tests. Results. In each age group, more than half of the participants in the “Invincibility Program” had PTS characteristics such as the sub-threshold or clinical manifestations of PTSD, adjustment disorders, low resilience to combat mental trauma, and various sleep disorders combined with somatic complaints. The data showed higher features of PTS in the younger participants and they decreased in both the 2 older sets of participants. Conclusion. The age-related features of the manifestation of PTS in military personnel must be taken into account when developing psychological recovery programs: for younger participants, such events should be carried out longer and more intensively.
Źródło:
European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; 2023, 4; 776-784
2544-2406
2544-1361
Pojawia się w:
European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
O działaniach zbrojnych Grupy Operacyjnej Kawalerii gen. Władysława Andersa w końcowym okresie kampanii wrześniowej 1939 roku
Hostilities of Operational Group commanded by General Władysław Anders at the end of the September Campaign in 1939
Autorzy:
Służałek, Dominik
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/556856.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
Opis:
1st September 1939 German troops invaded Poland. „Modlin” Army commanded by General Emil Przedrzymirski-Krukowicz started fighting in the Mława region. Nowogródek Cavalry Brigade fought the first fight near Narzym. But the most important struggles took place at the end of the September Campaign. 12th September Major-General Juliusz Rómmel created the Group of Cavalry under the command of General Władysław Anders, consisting of Nowogródek Cavalry Brigade, Volhynian Cavalry Brigade and the remnants of Borderland Cavalry Brigade. That same day Operational Group commanded by General Anders was ordered to attack Mińsk Mazowiecki and Kałuszyn. 12th September the Polish-French military alliance was broken as well. Operational Group commanded by General Anders joined to the Group of Army under the command of Major-General Stefan Dąb-Biernacki on 15th September. 17th September the Red Army invaded Poland. 19th September Operational Group commanded by General Anders went to the area of Maciejów–Kraśniczyn to support (from the North) Operational Group under the command of General Kraszewski. Then Nowogródek Cavalry Brigade fought in Suchowola, Krasnobród and Tomaszów Lubelski. It defeated the 28th German Infantry Division near Broszki and fought at Morańce on 26th September. Nowogródek Cavalry Brigade was the only one that has received permission to march further to South (on the basis of the agreement with Germany) and on 27th September took Chlipie village after struggles with the 99th Division of the Red Army. The last fight with the Soviets was held by the soldiers of General Anders in the Rajtarowice region. Most of the soldiers were killed by the Ukrainians, or murdered by the Soviets at Katyń, Starobielsk and Kharkov. General Anders was imprisoned by the Soviets. He was released in June 1941 as a result of German attack on the Soviet Union. Operational Group of Cavalry commanded by General Władysław Anders fulfi lled its duty to the Motherland and honourable fought for freedom.
1 września 1939 r. wojska niemieckie zaatakowały Polskę. Dla Armii „Modlin” gen. Emila Przedrzymirskiego-Krukowicza walki rozpoczęły się w rejonie Mławy. Nowogródzka Brygada Kawalerii pierwszą walkę stoczyła pod Narzymiem. Jednak najistotniejsze jej zmagania odbyły się w końcowym okresie kampanii wrześniowej. 12 września gen. dyw. Juliusz Rómmel utworzył Grupę Operacyjną Kawalerii pod dowództwem gen. Władysława Andersa, składającą się z Nowogródzkiej Brygady Kawalerii, Wołyńskiej Brygady Kawalerii i resztek Kresowej Brygady Kawalerii. Tego samego dnia Grupa Operacyjna gen. Andersa otrzymała rozkaz ataku na Mińsk Mazowiecki i Kałuszyn. Również 12 września rozpadł się polsko-francuski sojusz wojskowy. 15 września Grupa Operacyjna gen. Andersa dołączyła do Grupy Armii gen. dyw. Stefana Dęba-Biernackiego. 17 września Armia Czerwona zaatakowała Polskę. 19 września Grupa Operacyjna gen. Andersa wyruszyła w rejon Maciejów–Kraśniczyn dla wsparcia od północy Grupy Operacyjnej gen. Kraszewskiego. Następnie Nowogródzka Brygada Kawalerii walczyła w Suchowoli, Krasnobrodzie i Tomaszowie Lubelskim. 26 września rozbiła 28. niemiecką Dywizję Piechoty pod Broszkami oraz walczyła pod Morańcami. Na podstawie porozumienia ze stroną niemiecką Nowogródzka Brygada Kawalerii jako jedyna brygada otrzymała pozwolenie na dalszy marsz na południe. 27 września zajęła wieś Chlipie po walkach z 99. Dywizją Armii Czerwonej. Ostatnia walka żołnierzy gen. Andersa odbyła się z Sowietami w rejonie Rajtarowic. Większość żołnierzy została zabita przez Ukraińców albo zamordowana przez Sowietów w Katyniu, Starobielsku i Charkowie. Gen. Anders trafił do niewoli sowieckiej, z której wydostał się w czerwcu 1941 r. Grupa Operacyjna Kawalerii gen. Andersa godnie wypełniła obowiązek wobec ojczyzny i walczyła z honorem o wolność.
Źródło:
Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka; 2010, 1-2; 131-137
1899-6264
2451-0718
Pojawia się w:
Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 21

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