Informacja

Drogi użytkowniku, aplikacja do prawidłowego działania wymaga obsługi JavaScript. Proszę włącz obsługę JavaScript w Twojej przeglądarce.

Wyszukujesz frazę "civil education" wg kryterium: Wszystkie pola


Tytuł:
Edukacja konsumencka jako edukacja obywatelska
Consumer Education as Civil Education
Autorzy:
Lewicka-Strzałecka, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/468772.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Filozofii i Socjologii PAN
Tematy:
consumer education
consumer rights
citizens
sustainable consumption
Opis:
The paper presents and justifies a postulate of consumer education as education of citizens in spite of the fact that the roles of consumer and citizen are sometimes seen as opposite. The right to education is one of the consumers” rights and it means providing consumers with knowledge about the particular products services and their rights and skills of using that knowledge. Consumer education as citizens means showing them the moral dimensions of consumption and creating the new patterns of consumers behaviour defined as sustainable consumption.
Źródło:
Prakseologia; 2005, 145; 21-31
0079-4872
Pojawia się w:
Prakseologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Change demands renaissance in civil engineering education
Autorzy:
Arciszewski, T.
Russell, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/402348.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Politechnika Świętokrzyska w Kielcach. Wydawnictwo PŚw
Tematy:
civil engineering education
national and local needs
contradictions
systems analysis
TRIZ
evolution
Opis:
Much has been written about how the world has changed and continues to change at an incredibly rapid pace. Much has also been written about globalization, population demands, water quality, waste management, and maw more oldie issues that confront human kind throughout the world. It is not the authors' purpose in this paper to repeal the familiar maxim: civil engineering education must change to meet the challenges of a rapidly changing world. Instead, the authors clarify the very real risks of the vectors ofpsychological inertia, and describe how systems analysis and the theory of inventive problem solving (TRIZ) justify substantive change in civil engineering education and how that could be accomplished.
Źródło:
Structure and Environment; 2011, 3, 4; 5-13
2081-1500
Pojawia się w:
Structure and Environment
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
U podstaw edukacji politycznej i obywatelskiej Johna Adamsa (1755-1776)
The Background of John Adams’ Political and Civil Education (1755-1776)
Autorzy:
Marczuk, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/18104551.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Opis:
The article is devoted to one of the Founding Fathers, the second president of the United States, John Adams. In the historical sources he is shown as an experienced politician. Becoming one of the most important persons in the USA, for a man born on the farm, with no fortune and proper connections was a long and difficult process. Adams is a classic example of the American self-made man, a personification of Enlightenment ideals. He was active and pragmatic in his life and career, he knew how to control his fate in order to achieve his goals. Additionally, his personality and philosophy of life was shaped and influenced by many factors: family, people he met, his education or events taking place in Massachusetts that caused him to get engaged in politics. His parents made it possible for him to acquire formal education at Harvard University. Afterwards he chose a law as his profession. Being a lawyer enabled him to be an active participant of the life of the local community. He always sought company of people he could learn from. For Adams’ work was not only a means of self-education, the way to satisfy his ambition and to develop professionally but also an attempt at gaining trust of the community. He became famous after participating in a few controversial trials as a defense attorney. The events of the 1770s in Massachusetts involved him into public life and transfered a lawyer into an active politician. A strong believer in Puritan ideals, he saw his mission to be acting for the well-being of the emerging American society. Undoubtedly, John Adams entered the political arena to create American history. The article was based mainly on John Adams’ diary which provides a comprehensive picture of the author’s personality and the reality in which he lived.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica; 2005, 79; 27-40
0208-6050
2450-6990
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Model kształcenia politycznego w Niemczech – rekomendacje dla edukacji obywatelskiej w Polsce
The model of political education in Germany – recommendations for civil education in Poland
Autorzy:
Depczyńska, Patrycja
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/441318.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Europejska im. ks. Józefa Tischnera
Tematy:
edukacja
edukacja obywatelska
system polityczny
Republika Federalna Niemiec
Polska
kształcenie polityczne
civic education
political system
the Federal Republic of Germany
Opis:
Kształcenie polityczne, ujęte w Niemczech pod pojęciem politische Bildung, a w Polsce jako edukacja obywatelska, jest niezwykle istotnym elementem funkcjonowania społeczeństwa i państwa demokratycznego. W obliczu zmian politycznych, ustrojowych, gospodarczych, kulturowych i cywilizacyjnych fenomen edukacji obywatelskiej stał się nowym wyzwaniem dla obu państw. Niniejszy artykuł podejmuje próbę definicji pojęć, wskazuje na uwarunkowania kształtowania się systemu kształcenia politycznego oraz omawia rolę edukacji obywatelskiej, zarówno w Polsce jak i w Niemczech.
Political education, in Germany known as politische Bildung and in Poland as civic education, is crucial for the proper functioning of a society and democratic state. In view of many changes in politics, political systems, economies, cultures and civilizations worldwide, the phenomenon of civic education has come as a new challenge for both Germany and Poland. This article aims to define key notions, explores the conditions necessary for the development of a political education system, and examines the role of civic education in the two countries in question.
Źródło:
Kultura i Polityka; 2014, 15; 77-97
1899-4466
Pojawia się w:
Kultura i Polityka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Military Defence Training as an Element of Civil Defence Education in Former Czechoslovakia
Autorzy:
Kavan, Štěpán
Kováčová, Lucia
Drotárová, Jozefína
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1808046.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-01-28
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Bezpieczeństwa Publicznego i Indywidualnego Apeiron w Krakowie
Tematy:
civil defence education
military defence training
education
Czechoslovakia
Opis:
Civil defence education in Czechoslovakia was one of the elements of education and the creation of conditions for every citizen to be physically and mentally capable and willing to fulfil his or her duties related to homeland defence. The aim of the paper is to examine the basic approaches to the implementation of military defence training as one of the basic elements of civil defence education in Czechoslovakia in the period from 1918 to 1989. The historical-comparative analysis is used as a method for researching military defence training issues. This method is treated as a qualitative research tool. The individual elements that military defence training included, such as exercising in nature, field orientation practice, and marching exercises are characterized. In military defence training in Czechoslovakia, emphasis was simultaneously placed on enabling children to be in touch with nature, to toughen them up and to train their observation skills. The training was an organizational form of school civil defence education. Its main aim was to train and prepare individuals, as well as schools as wholes, for emergencies.
Źródło:
Security Dimensions; 2019, 30(30); 98-113
2353-7000
Pojawia się w:
Security Dimensions
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Świat kultury popularnej w przygotowaniu do Edukacji regionalnej – kształcenie studentów wczesnej edukacji
Autorzy:
Lisowska, Kinga
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2031199.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-16
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Humanistyczno-Przyrodniczy im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
civil education
cultural identity
region
regional education
regionalism
edukacja regionalna
szkolnictwo wyższe
przedszkole
edukacja wczesnoszkolna
Opis:
Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie i przeanalizowanie wykorzystania rozmaitych jakości świata kultury popularnej w procesie kształcenia studentów pedagogiki wczesnej edukacji z zakresu edukacji regionalnej oraz określenie ich znaczenia w przygotowaniu przyszłych pedagogów do działań edukacyjnych umożliwiających kształtowanie tożsamości dzieci w wieku przedszkolnym i wczesnoszkolnym. W badaniach zastosowano jakościową analizę dokumentów, obserwację uczestniczącą – metodę zbierania danych oraz uwzględniono doświadczenia własne. Jakości świata kultury popularnej występujące w omawianym procesie kształcenia prowadzą  z jednej strony do biernego uczestniczenia studentów w kulturze popularnej a z drugiej aktywizują ich do jej tworzenia i  wykorzystywania w działaniach edukacyjnych w przestrzeni przedszkolnej i szkolnej. Inspirują także studentów do czynnego budowania rzeczywistości umożliwiającej uczniom odnajdywanie własnej przynależności społecznej i kulturowej.
The goal of this article is to show and analysis many popular culture world`s qualities use in the process of early education students education in the regional education range and circumscription their (qualities) meanings in the preparation of future pedagouges to educational activities, enableing shapeing pre-school children` s and early childhood  identity. In the research qualitative analysis of documents, participant observation – method of gathering data have been used and also author`s own experiences were taken into account. On one hand qualities of popculture`s world occurring in the discussed  educational process lead to students` passive participation in popular culture , and on the other hand  activate students to create it and using it in the educational activities in preschool and school premises. These qualities also inspire students to active building the reality enablling students finding their own  social and cultural identity.
Źródło:
Podstawy Edukacji; 2020, 13; 163-177
2081-2264
Pojawia się w:
Podstawy Edukacji
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Provisions of Civil Defence Training in Czechoslovakia – Historical Consequences
Autorzy:
Kavan, Štěpán
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1861553.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Bezpieczeństwa Publicznego i Indywidualnego Apeiron w Krakowie
Tematy:
Czechoslovak Republic
civil defence education
protection
Opis:
This article is a reflection of the research focuses on the period after the Czechoslovak Republic in 1918 to the time before World War II in 1939. The aim of the research is to explore the basic approaches to the implementation of education for statehood in terms of the creation of a new state in relation to civil defence education in Czechoslovakia. The comparative historical analysis will be utilized as the research method on the subject of education for statehood. The comparative historical analysis is used as a specific tool for qualitative research. This is a procedure which can be applied to the statehood issue of education to its basic elements, by which it will be possible to learn more about this phenomenon and subsequently explain it.
Źródło:
Security Dimensions; 2016, 17(17); 158-171
2353-7000
Pojawia się w:
Security Dimensions
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Edukacja, media, społeczeństwo obywatelskie
Education, Media, Civil Society
Autorzy:
Sokołowska, Julita
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/468854.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Filozofii i Socjologii PAN
Tematy:
aims and methods of education
ethics in education
relationships between media and education
the role of education and media in shaping attitudes in civil society
Opis:
In-depth studies in the field of education, new media technologies and civil society may be essential for ongoing analysis and forecasting of changes and interaction in social, economic and political life. The education system is crucial to a well functioning socio-economic system, and should be continually subjected to reflection. This article reflects on the possibilities of formulating a model of education that adapts to modern changes, with particular emphasis on training in business ethics. It develops an outline of the research factors that contribute to the construction of an optimal system of education, in the context of the current problems of education, technology, media, and civil society.
Źródło:
Prakseologia; 2013, 154; 201-231
0079-4872
Pojawia się w:
Prakseologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cywilno-wojskowe kształcenie międzykulturowe w formie blended learningu
Civil-military intercultural education and training in the form of blended learning
Autorzy:
Gawlik-Kobylińska, Małgorzata
Trochowska, Kamila
Maciejewski, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/426090.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
Tematy:
Civil-military intercultural education
blended learning
Opis:
home page » E-mentor nr 3 (65) / 2016 » e-learning in Poland » Civil-military intercultural education and training in the form of blended learning AAA Civil-military intercultural education and training in the form of blended learning Małgorzata Gawlik-Kobylińska, Kamila Trochowska, Paweł Maciejewski The article presents a case study on the implementation of blended learning in cross-cultural education and training. With a special highlight to the importance of intercultural education, the authors state that the key conditions for the effective use of this form of teaching are well-prepared virtual didactic materials, such as teaching modules, and an appropriate combination of resources and tools for synchronous and asynchronous communication. Open source tools allow teachers to create engaging and attractive activities. Moreover, they can be used in learning progress control. Regarding the stage of virtual materials design, a crucial role play careful analysis and composition of the course content. The presented instructional solutions reveal the effects of over a three-year authors' co-operation in creating learning resources for the purpose of cross-cultural training led at the National Defense University in Warsaw. The basis for implementation of all activities were solutions and guidelines recommended by Advanced Distributed Learning Initiative, an institution which is more recognized in military than civilian environments. Final conclusions include reflections on the praxeological approach to the issue of the use of blended learning in civil-military contexts.
Źródło:
e-mentor. Czasopismo naukowe Szkoły Głównej Handlowej w Warszawie; 2016, 3 (65); 24-34
1731-6758
1731-7428
Pojawia się w:
e-mentor. Czasopismo naukowe Szkoły Głównej Handlowej w Warszawie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wychowanie wielokulturowe w społeczeństwie obywatelskim
Multicultural education in civil society
Autorzy:
Żebrowski, Jan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/902013.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Gdańska Wyższa Szkoła Humanistyczna
Tematy:
multicultural education
civil society
upbringing
pedagogy
Opis:
The article thoroughly discusses the aspects of multicultural upbringing and education as a dominant trend in modern Pedagogy. Multicultural approach promotes the peoples’ rights for multiple cultures and cultural pluralism theory. As the author concludes, ‘Today there is no come back to pure national cultures’. All education should then be open to cultural differences. Multicultural pedagogy encompasses vast areas of concepts and it addressed to all, not only minorities.
Źródło:
Studia Gdańskie. Wizje i rzeczywistość; 2011, 8; 221-232
1731-8440
Pojawia się w:
Studia Gdańskie. Wizje i rzeczywistość
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Studenci i nauczyciele wobec multimediów: studium przypadku dla kierunku budownictwo
The attitude of students and teachers towards multimedia: a case study of civil engineering education
Autorzy:
Gajewski, Robert
Rutecka, Agnieszka
Grabiński, Sebastian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/267699.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Elektrotechniki i Automatyki
Tematy:
multimedia
nagrywanie wykładów
uczenie się
materiały dydaktyczne
lecture capture
learning
educational material
Opis:
W pracy przedstawione zostały wyniki dwóch ankiet przeprowadzonych w styczniu 2019 na Wydziale Inżynierii Lądowej Politechniki Warszawskiej. Pierwsza z nich dotyczyła oceny przez studentów przydatności różnych rodzajów materiałów dydaktycznych. Druga obejmowała pytania do nauczycieli dotyczące wykorzystania możliwości nagrywania wykładów. Studenci akceptują materiały w postaci multimediów, preferują jednak uczenie się na pamięć gotowych rozwiązań lub odpowiedzi na pytania. Nauczyciele są raczej przeciwni i niechętnie nastawieni do nagrywania wykładów. Czy oznacza to, że na uczelniach wyższych należy powrócić do starych i sprawdzonych szkolnych metod kształcenia?
The paper presents the results of two surveys conducted in January 2019 at the Faculty of Civil Engineering at Warsaw University of Technology. The first one concerned the students' assessment of the suitability of different types of teaching materials. The second included questions for teachers about using the possibility of recording lectures. Students accept materials in the form of multimedia, but prefer learning ready solutions or answers to the questions by heart. The teachers are rather reluctant and unwilling to record lectures. Does this mean that universities should return to old and tested school methods of education? The educational crisis has many reasons and causes, and concerns both a form and a content. From year to year, candidates for studies at the technical university are getting worse prepared in mathematics and physics. What's more, it is more and more difficult for them to make up for gaps in knowledge and skills, mainly due to bad educational habits. This situation is the reason why only 60% of those admitted to the university finish the first year. The case study concerns the studies at the Faculty of Civil Engineering at the Warsaw University of Technology. Students' research was conducted in the context of classes in Computer Science. As part of the course, students learn the principles of creating readable multimedia presentations, editing scientific and technical texts, conducting engineering calculations in a spreadsheet, and using the Computer Algebra System computer program to conduct and program calculations. The educational platform and multimedia are used in conducting the classes.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Wydziału Elektrotechniki i Automatyki Politechniki Gdańskiej; 2019, 65; 23-28
1425-5766
2353-1290
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Wydziału Elektrotechniki i Automatyki Politechniki Gdańskiej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Szkolnictwo średnie i wojskowe 2. Korpusu Polskiego
Civil and military education in Polish Middle East Forces and Polish 2nd Corps
Autorzy:
NARĘBSKI, Wojciech
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/520388.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Umiejętności
Opis:
The outbreak of 2nd World War has interrupted the education of numerous young Poles who joined the Polish Armed Forces. Moreover, many Polish officers were imprisoned or murdered by our enemies. Therefore, apart from military training, one of fundamental aims of the Command of the Polish Armed Forces abroad was to organize the civil and military schools for their soldiers. They were formed already in Soviet Union and a real educational system was formed in Middle East, mainly in Palestine where, apart from numerous general and professional schools for cadets – saved young girls and boys of prerecruiting age, some maturity courses for soldiers were organized. The activity of these courses, transformed later into normal civil and professional schools, was continued after the end of war first in Italy, and afterwards in Great Britain. In Italy the former schools were formed predominantly in Puglia (Alessano, Matino, Lecce, Casarano) and in Marche (Amandola, Sarnano, Fermo, Porto San Giorgio, Teramo). On the other side, the center of military education in Italy was Matera (Basilicata) where the majority of cadet-officer schools were installed. In this paper the available data on the activity of these schools are presented. They are based predominantly on author’s personal experience and documents, but also on several rather rare publications on this subject. The effect of this educational system, formed by the Command of Polish 2nd Corps, was significant. More than 5400 soldiers could accomplish their secondary education and 900 of them have passed the maturity examinations. Consequently, after the war they could initiate the university studies.
Źródło:
Prace Komisji Historii Nauki PAU; 2010, 10; 263-317
1731-6715
Pojawia się w:
Prace Komisji Historii Nauki PAU
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sprawozdanie z ogólnopolskiej konferencji naukowej „Społeczeństwo obywatelskie: edukacja, wartości, style komunikacyjne” (Katowice, 8‒9 czerwca 2018)
A Report from the Poland-Wide Academic Conference “Civil Society: Education, Values, Communication Styles” (Katowice, 8–9 June 2018)
Autorzy:
Gawrońska, Mariola
Maksym-Kaczmarek, Jadwiga
Niemiec, Ewelina
Paprotny-Lech, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/468441.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Źródło:
Forum Lingwistyczne; 2019, 6; 185-188
2449-9587
2450-2758
Pojawia się w:
Forum Lingwistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Starożytny ideał i wyzwania nowoczesności. Antyk w cywilnej edukacji architektonicznej konstytucyjnego Królestwa Polskiego (1815–1830)
The ancient paradigm and the challenges of modernity: Classical antiquity in civil architectural education in the constitutional Kingdom of Poland (1815–1830)
Autorzy:
Getka-Kenig, Mikołaj
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2076260.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-31
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii Nauki im. Ludwika i Aleksandra Birkenmajerów
Tematy:
klasycyzm
antyk
architektura cywilna
porządki architektoniczne
classicism
antiquity
civil architecture
architectural orders
Opis:
Although the period of the constitutional Kingdom of Poland (Congress Poland) between 1815 and 1830 was relatively short, it was marked by significant events in the history of the reception of classical antiquity in Polish architectural education. The government of ‘resurrected’ Poland was interested in a wide-ranging reform of the country and society, including the development of the local built environment. Such architectural officials as Chrystian Piotr Aigner, educated and trained at aristocratic courts, proved to be well-prepared for the most prestigious public commissions. However, their specific competencies and experiences made them rather unfit for contemporary university careers since the lecturers were expected to teach not artists but ordinary building engineers. The public demand for architects conversant with classical orders and their exquisite ornamentation was much smaller than for those who specialised in plain but technically correct constructions. It was the development and wide dissemination of ordinary building which was of prime importance to the Kingdom’s government. Consequently, the classical architectural heritage was rather disregarded in contemporary academic curricula. Nevertheless, the growing number of affluent landowners after 1825 contributed to the rising interest in the classical heritage in the academic discourse already before the dissolution of the constitutional Kingdom. Initially, it was an academic manual by Henryk Marconi, published in 1828, which promoted the idea of classical orders as the pillar of good architecture. The book was followed by a treatise by Adam Idźkowski, originally announced in 1830, but eventually published only after the November Uprising, in 1832. The book also underscored the validity of the classical heritage, simultaneously presenting a more pluralistic idea of beauty in architecture by treating classicism on equal terms with the medieval tradition.
Źródło:
Rozprawy z Dziejów Oświaty; 2020, 57; 107-129
0080-4754
Pojawia się w:
Rozprawy z Dziejów Oświaty
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Education offer of civil-military higher-level institutions using MALF in Wroclaw as an example
Autorzy:
Szczepański, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/348112.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Akademia Wojsk Lądowych imienia generała Tadeusza Kościuszki
Tematy:
civil-military schooling system
military academy
training
education
MALF
Opis:
Since the beginning of the 1990s, for over a decade, Poland experienced an education boom, springing from social ambitions and the population boost. It is history now. At the beginning of the 21st century this trend started to decline. In accordance with the estimates such a state of affairs can continue until 2025. Higher education institutions do not exist in the void, nor do they operate as islands. Therefore, it should be asked how, under these circumstances, a civil-military higher-level institution, such as the Military Academy of Land Forces (MALF), can be competitive on the demanding education market? How will it attract the most talented students? What should be the focus of the Academy?
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe / Wyższa Szkoła Oficerska Wojsk Lądowych im. gen. T. Kościuszki; 2016, 2; 121-138
1731-8157
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe / Wyższa Szkoła Oficerska Wojsk Lądowych im. gen. T. Kościuszki
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

Ta witryna wykorzystuje pliki cookies do przechowywania informacji na Twoim komputerze. Pliki cookies stosujemy w celu świadczenia usług na najwyższym poziomie, w tym w sposób dostosowany do indywidualnych potrzeb. Korzystanie z witryny bez zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies oznacza, że będą one zamieszczane w Twoim komputerze. W każdym momencie możesz dokonać zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies