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Wyszukujesz frazę "Toxicity" wg kryterium: Wszystkie pola


Tytuł:
The impact of active ceramic coating implementation on gasoline engine exhaust toxicity
Autorzy:
Janicka, A. B.
Walkowiak, W.
Sobianowska-Turek, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243998.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
inner catalyst
exhaust toxicity
internal combustion engine
exhausts toxicity
Opis:
One of the ways for toxic emissions reduction from internal combustion engines, beside external Exhaust purification systems and alternative fuels, is direct intervention into engine combustion process. The inner catalyst application, in form of ceramic active coating applied inside of combustion chamber, is one of the examples of that kind of solution. The application of active coating inside of a compression-ignition engine (diesel engine) may have an important impact on several stages of combustion process: fuel cracking, fore-flame phase, combustion phase and secondary combustion phase. Investigations of such construction are very rare in the literature. The paper presents the results of the researches which aim was analysis of inner catalyst application impact on toxic emissions. As a catalyst platinum and rhodium was used. As a catalyst support and local thermal barrier a zirconium ceramic coating was used. The catalyst was located on the gasoline engine valves surface. The research was done in Emission Research Laboratory of the Division of Motor Vehicles and Internal Combustion Engines. The analysis was done according to European standard (EN ISO 16017-1: 2006) on gas chromatograph (Yarian 450 GC) equipped in capillary column and flame-ionization detector (FID). The results of the researches proofed effectiveness of that solution on toxic emissions limitation.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 3; 149-154
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Patofizjologia toksycznego oddziaływania tlenu. Zagrożenie tlenową toksycznością ośrodkową. Cz. 2
The pathophysiology related to the toxic effect of oxygen. The hazard of central oxygen toxicity. Part 2
Autorzy:
Kłos, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1360728.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Medycyny i Techniki Hiperbarycznej
Tematy:
toksyczność tlenowa
ośrodkowa toksyczność tlenowa
tlenowa toksyczność płucna
tlenowa toksyczność somatyczna
ogólnotrujące działanie tlenu
oxygen toxicity
central nervous system oxygen toxicity
pulmonary oxygen toxicity
oxygen somatic toxicity
toxic effect oxygen
Opis:
Patofizjologia toksycznego oddziaływania tlenu rozumiana jest tutaj, jako dziedzina zajmująca się badaniem zmian i zaburzeń w pracy komórek, narządów i układów organizmu będących wynikiem tlenowych ekspozycji hiperbarycznych.
The pathophysiology related to the toxic effect of oxygen is understood as an area dealing with an investigation of changes and disturbances in the functioning of cells, organs and body systems as a result of hyperbaric oxygen exposures.
Źródło:
Polish Hyperbaric Research; 2014, 2(47); 15-34
1734-7009
2084-0535
Pojawia się w:
Polish Hyperbaric Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Developmental toxicity of N-methylaniline following prenatal oral administration in rats
Autorzy:
Sitarek, Krystyna
Gromadzińska, Jolanta
Stetkiewicz, Jan
Lutz, Piotr
Król, Magdalena
Domeradzka-Gajda, Katarzyna
Wąsowicz, Wojciech
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2177441.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-02-10
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
rat
N-methylaniline
NMA
developmental toxicity
metHb
toxicity
Opis:
Objectives The objective of the study was to assess prenatal toxicity of N-methylaniline (NMA) administered by gavage to pregnant female rats. Material and Methods Pregnant female rats were administered N-methylaniline in corn oil by gavage at daily doses of 0.8 mg/kg of body weight (b.w.), 4 mg/kg b.w., 20 mg/kg b.w. and 100 mg/kg b.w. from implantation (the 5th day post mating) to the day prior to the scheduled caesarean section (the 20th day of pregnancy). General behavior, body weight, food and water consumption, hematological, biochemical analyses and pathomorphological changes of the dams were recorded. Results All the females survived until the end of the study. The test substance was toxic to pregnant females, even at the lowest of the used doses, i.e., 0.8 mg/kg b.w./day. Lower weight gain during pregnancy and significantly higher NMA-dose-dependent absolute weight of the organs were noted in the exposed females. The females from the groups exposed at doses of 20 mg/kg b.w./day and 100 mg/kg b.w./day developed anemia and showed higher concentrations of free thyroxine (FT3) and free triiodothyronine (FT4) thyroid hormones. Total protein concentration exhibited an increase in all the exposed groups of females. In the prenatal toxicity study, administration of N-methylaniline throughout the embryonic and fetal periods produced embryotoxic effects at doses ranging 4–100 mg/kg b.w./day. Conclusions Considering the data obtained in this study, it is reasonable to assume that N-methylaniline administered orally to pregnant rats is toxic for mothers even at a low dose of 0.8 mg/kg b.w./day. However, this dose was not associated with any significant effects to their offspring. This prenatal exposure level may be considered as no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) for the progeny and a dose of 4 mg/kg b.w./day as the lowest-observed-adverse-effect level (LOAEL) for the progeny.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2016, 29, 3; 479-492
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Toxicity of Sewage from Industrial Wastewater Tratment Plants
Autorzy:
Butarewicz, Andrzej
Wrzaszcz, Ewelina
Rosochacki, Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124474.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
industrial sewage
bioassey
acute toxicity test
Microtox
Opis:
The aim of this work was to evaluate the ecotoxicity of the waste water from chosen sewage treatment plants. Microtox M500 and Aliivibrio fischeri luminescent bacteria were used for the assessment of toxicity as well as acute tests using aquatic organisms: Daphnia magna crustacea and Chironomus tentans larvae. The performed ecotoxicological tests showed different ranges of sensitivity of living organisms when it comes to the individual types of industrial sewage. The Aliivibrio fischeri bacteria turned out to be the most sensitive bioindicator. In addition, the inclusion of toxicity tests in a wastewater management system in industrial plants will allow the elimination of toxic sewage disposal into the surface water and soil.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2019, 20, 2; 191-199
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Correlation between butyrylcholinesterase variants and sensitivity to soman toxicity
Autorzy:
Dimov, Dimo
Kanev, Kamen
Dimova, Ivanka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1039756.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
Tematy:
enzyme inhibition/reactivation
soman toxicity
Butyrylcholinesterase variants
Opis:
Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is synthesized in the liver and found in high concentrations in blood plasma, liver, heart, pancreas, vascular endothelium, skin, brain white matter, smooth muscle cells and adipocytes. BChE is a non specific enzyme that hydrolyzes different choline esters (succinylcholine, mivacurium) and many other drugs such as aspirin, cocaine and procaine. The enzyme is also considered as a bioscavenger due to its ability to neutralize the toxic effects of organophosphorus compounds (nervous system fs agents) such as soman. BChE displays several polymorphisms that influence its serum activity; therefore they could determine the individual sensitivity to chemical nerve agents. In this study, we investigated the correlation between BChE variants and the degree of enzyme inhibition and reactivation after soman application on blood samples of 726 individuals. The blood samples of individuals expressing abnormal variants, were more sensitive to soman compared to variants of homozygotes and heterozygotes for U-allele. We found significant differences in the degree of enzyme reactivation between different variants (with and without U-presence).
Źródło:
Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2012, 59, 2; 313-316
0001-527X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Biochimica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Etery glikolu etylenowego i glikolu propylenowego – toksyczność reprodukcyjna i rozwojowa
Ethylene glycol and propylene glycol ethers – Reproductive and developmental toxicity
Autorzy:
Starek-Świechowicz, Beata
Starek, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2164383.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-11-24
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
etery glikolu etylenowego
etery glikolu propylenowego
toksyczność rozwojowa
mechanizmy toksyczności
toksyczność reprodukcyjna
apoptoza
ethylene glycol ethers
propylene glycol ethers
developmental toxicity
mechanisms of toxicity
reproductive toxicity
Apoptosis
Opis:
Etery alkilowe glikolu etylenowego (ethylene glycol alkyl ethers – EGAE) i propylenowego (propylene glycol alkyl ethers – PGAE) są szeroko stosowane w przemyśle i gospodarstwie domowym, głównie jako rozpuszczalniki. Niektóre EGAE wykazują działanie gonadotoksyczne, embriotoksyczne, fetotoksyczne i teratogenne zarówno u ludzi, jak i zwierząt doświadczalnych. Ze względu na szkodliwe działanie tych eterów na rozrodczość i rozwój organizmu EGAE są zastępowane znacznie mniej toksycznymi PGAE. W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono dane na temat mechanizmów toksycznego działania EGAE na komórki rozrodcze, zarodek i płód. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na metabolizm niektórych EGAEs i ich toksyczność narządową, a także na apoptozę spermatocytów związaną ze zmianami ekspresji genów, które kodują czynniki stresu oksydacyjnego, kinazy białkowe i jądrowe receptory hormonów. Med. Pr. 2015;66(5):725–737
Both ethylene and propylene glycol alkyl ethers (EGAEs and PGAEs, respectively) are widely used, mainly as solvents, in industrial and household products. Some EGAEs demonstrate gonadotoxic, embriotoxic, fetotoxic and teratogenic effects in both humans and experimental animals. Due to the noxious impact of these ethers on reproduction and development of organisms EGAEs are replaced for considerably less toxic PGAEs. The data on the mechanisms of testicular, embriotoxic, fetotoxic and teratogenic effects of EGAEs are presented in this paper. Our particular attention was focused on the metabolism of some EGAEs and their organ-specific toxicities, apoptosis of spermatocytes associated with changes in the expression of various genes that code for oxidative stress factors, protein kinases and nuclear hormone receptors. Med Pr 2015;66(5):725–737
Źródło:
Medycyna Pracy; 2015, 66, 5; 725-737
0465-5893
2353-1339
Pojawia się w:
Medycyna Pracy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Toxicity evaluation of spent drilling mud and drilling waste
Autorzy:
Żurek, R.
Jamrozik, A.
Gonet, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/299183.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
drilling waste
drilling mud
toxicity
Opis:
Spent of water based mud (WBM) were tested in this study. Bioassays were done on spent WBM, brine after filtration and solid phase (SP) after filtration on the press. As test organisms, green algae Kirchneriella obesa and Botrydium granulatum were used, along with the cladoceran Simocephalus vetulus and the plant Lepidium sativum. Electrolytic conductivity was between 6.43 and 240 mS/cm. The liquid phase was toxic for K. obesa in the range of dilutions between 0.21 and 0.019, considered as LC50. The parameter LC50 in the category of dilutions was 0.125 to 0.0078 SPP for S. vetulus, 0.25 to 0.094 SPP for green alga Botrydium granulatum when diluted by brown soil and 0.56 to 0.039 SPP for Lepidium sativum. Maximum quantum efficiency (QY) of plants’ photosystem II (PS II), growing on mixtures of drilling fluids with soil, did not depend on the kind of drilling fluid, whereas minimal fluorescence (F0) did. Rinsing the salt out of drilling fluids in a 1:1 proportion was effective only for bentonite mud in the test with L. sativum.
Źródło:
AGH Drilling, Oil, Gas; 2017, 34, 1; 243-258
2299-4157
2300-7052
Pojawia się w:
AGH Drilling, Oil, Gas
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ryzyko wystąpienia tlenowej toksyczności ośrodkowej. Zagrożenie tlenową toksycznością ośrodkową. Cz. 4
The hazard of central oxygen toxicity occurrence. The risk of central oxygen Toxicity. Part 4
Autorzy:
Kłos, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1360405.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Medycyny i Techniki Hiperbarycznej
Tematy:
tlenowa toksyczność ośrodkowa
modelowanie ryzyka
central oxygen toxicity
risk modelling
Opis:
Modelowanie i analizę ryzyka wystąpienia objawow tlenowej toksyczności ośrodkowej oparto tutaj na analizie przeżycia, wprowadzonej do problematyki nurkowej przez Weathersby’ego i Thalmanna [1].
The modelling and analysis, of the risk of an occurrence of symptoms connected with central oxygen toxicity presented in this article, were based on survival analysis introduced with regard to the issues related to diving by Weathersby and Thalmann [1].
Źródło:
Polish Hyperbaric Research; 2014, 4(49); 19-31
1734-7009
2084-0535
Pojawia się w:
Polish Hyperbaric Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Was Histamine toxicity known to Ayurveda & Siddha 5000 years ago?
Autorzy:
Aruna, V.
Amruthavalli, G. V.
Gayathri, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1077270.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Fish
Histamine toxicity
Siddha / Ayurveda
Tridosha
Opis:
Histamine was discovered in the year 1910 and subsequently histamine toxicity was reported from several marine foods especially from fish. Detailed research has proved that different species of fishes are known to accumulate large quantity of histamine and the histamine is heat stable. Reason for the histamine toxicity was due to the consumption of fishes with high level of histamine. Ancient systems of medicine such as Ayurveda and Siddha are 5000 years old. Ayurveda and siddha clearly dictates the avoidance of fish by patients who suffer from various diseases such as psoriasis, vitiligo, eczema, urticaria, anemia, duodenal ulcer, irritable bowel syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis etc. In all the above diseases histamine is either the trigger or the cause of the disease, therefore reducing histamine burden is also one of the treatment strategies. Histamine toxicity in fish and sea foods are great concern and the histamine is harmful to many diseases. Ancient siddhars have advised the patients to suffer from various diseases to avoid fish may be due to histamine toxicity. In the light of the present revelation about histamine toxicity in fish and the fish avoidance prescription of Ayurveda and Siddha clearly indicates that the Ayurveda and Siddha scholars were clearly aware of histamine toxicity 5000 years ago. Details are presented in the paper.
Źródło:
World News of Natural Sciences; 2019, 23; 166-172
2543-5426
Pojawia się w:
World News of Natural Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Environmental, economic and health perspectives of arsenic toxicity in Bengal Delta
Autorzy:
Bhattacharya, Sayan
Ghosh, Uday Chand
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1194026.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Arsenic
Bengal Delta
Bioaccumulation Groundwater
Phytoremediation
Toxicity
Opis:
Arsenic is a metalloid of great environmental concern because of its highly toxic nature and wide abundance. Arsenic contamination in groundwater has been reported in Bangladesh, India, China, Taiwan, Vietnam, USA, Argentina, Chile and Mexico. The clinical symptoms of arsenic toxicity in human body include skin itching to sun rays, burning and watering of the eyes, weight loss, loss of appetite, weakness, fatigue, limited physical activities and working capacities, chronic respiratory problems, moderate to severe anemia etc. The Bengal basin is regarded to be the most acutely arsenic infested geological province in the world. Heavy withdrawal of groundwater for fulfilling the needs of the increasing population in Bengal Basin resulted in increased arsenic level in the groundwater. Mobilization of arsenic in Bengal delta is further interfered by microbial activities and interactions. Different microbial strains have been isolated from Bengal Delta which can tolerate, transform and resist arsenic. The use of arsenic contaminated groundwater for irrigation purpose in crop fields elevates arsenic concentration in surface soil and in the plants grown in these areas. Several plant species have been studied for their ability to accumulate arsenic in the Bengal Delta. Rice is generally grown in submerged flooded condition, where arsenic bioavailability is high in soil. As arsenic species are very much toxic to plants and can execute oxidative stresses, they can also affect the overall production of rice and other vegetables, and can affect the agricultural and economic development of Bengal Basin. Cattle population also consume arsenic infested water in those areas and usually eat edible plants contaminated with arsenic, which, in turn, can further increase the toxicity level in their bodies and also can increase the arsenic bioaccumulation in meat and milk. In the rural areas of the Bengal Delta, arsenic contamination raised a number of social problems which are continuously weakening the structural integrity of rural society. Uses of phytoremediation and microbial remediation technologies, rainwater harvesting, use of arsenic resistant plant varieties for cultivation are some sustainable methods which can be applied for arsenic remediation. Besides, nano-agglomerates of mixed oxides have been synthesized and successfully employed for arsenic removal from aqueous solutions. Intensive investigation on a complete food chain is urgently needed in the arsenic contaminated zones, which should be our priority in future researches.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2015, 10; 59-87
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Inter-annual depth-dependent toxicity and bioaccumulation of cadmium in marine benthic protist communities
Autorzy:
Fernandez-Leborans, G.
Gabilondo, R.
Ruiz-Alvarez, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48324.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
biomass
cadmium toxicity
protist community
protist
toxicity
bioaccumulation
species number
benthic protist
density
Opis:
The toxicity and bioaccumulation of cadmium in a marine benthic protist community were examined at different depths within the sediment. For this purpose, sediment-water microcosms with 1000 μgCd dm−3 of the pollutant were used in two assays. The addition of cadmium caused a significant reduction in protist density, number of species and biomass. There was also a decrease in these three parameters with depth. During the treatment the density of protist groups was strongly depth-dependent. The dominant groups of protists at the different depths during the assay were also considered. The most dominant protist group in terms of density were the heterotrophic flagellates, both in the control and in the treatment with cadmium. In the treatments with cadmium, these were followed by ciliates and by dinoflagellates in both assays. In the control, all protist groups were present during the assay, whereas in the treatments with cadmium, autotrophic flagellates, diatoms and sarcodines were found in reduced proportion or not at all. Cadmium bioaccumulation increased towards the end of the assay. At any time during the assay, the proportion of cadmium bioaccumulated was an increasing function of depth.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2007, 49, 3
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in diesel exhausts
Autorzy:
Janicka, A.
Walkowiak, W.
Tkaczyk, M.
Czarny, A.
Zaczyńska, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245718.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
exhaust toxicity
Opis:
The paper presents results of analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) concentration and toxicity emitted from 1,9 TDI self-ignition. Because of unstable parameters of self-ignition engine work (pressure and temperature jumps), PAHs were extracted from two phases: gas phase and solid phase (particle matter - PM). A chromatographic method (Capillary gas Chromatography) of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons identification and analysis, because of their low level of concentration in exhaust gases, needed to be supported by sample purification and enrichment stages. Calibration of the chromatograph was made by attested mixture of 16 model samples (according to EPA, USA). Two different methods for toxicity estimation was used in this researches. The authors used relative carcinogenic coefficients (RCC) which was determined by Nisbet and LaGoy for individual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in relation to benzo(a)pirene. Samples consist PAHs was also tested for cytotoxicity in standardized cell-culture system (human cell line A549, mouse fibroblasts line cell L929). Cell growth, cell morphology and cell viability were used as parameters to determine the cytotoxicity of the materials. The measure the lethality effect on cells was determined spectrophotometrically with the use of a mitochondrial enzyme activity assay for mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase activity by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT assay). Cells were exposed to the biomaterials for 24, 72 and 120 h. The results of in vitro tests are discussible. A lach of correlation between toxicity measurement methods which was used in these researches was observed.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 4; 195-199
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Toxicity study of Achyranthus aspera
Autorzy:
Reddy, C.V.
Kamble, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/10950.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
toxicity
Achyranthes aspera
methanol extract
Albino rat
rat
mice
mouse
health hazard
Opis:
The objectives of present work focuses to check the acute and sub acute toxicity studies for the Achyranthes aspera L methanol extract as per OECD guideline in Swiss mice. The dose of 100, 200, 250 gm/kg body weight methanol extract by administering drug intraperitoneally and recorded the growth, body weight, organ weight, general symptoms, morphological and physiological behavior, mortality. These parameters on various organs system in mice were studied. It was considered necessary to assess its potential health hazard in man and to find the safe and effective dose. The observations of changes in body weight, food and water intake as well as cage side observations were reported. There was no abnormality observed in all groups. The whole plant powder methanol extract of Achyranthes Aspera L were found to be nontoxic.
Źródło:
International Letters of Natural Sciences; 2014, 09
2300-9675
Pojawia się w:
International Letters of Natural Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
In vitro evaluation of zearalenone toxicity by comet assay
Autorzy:
Harcarova, M.
Conkova, E.
Kolenicova, S.
Holeckova, B.
Proskovcova, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/16539336.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
mycotoxins
toxicity
comet assay
Opis:
The aim of this study was to reveal the potentially genotoxic effect of zearalenone on bovine lymphocytes by comet assay in vitro. The bovine lymphocytes were exposed to various zearalenone concetrations (50; 10; 2; 0.4 and 0.08 ppm). The viability and DNA damage of lymphocytes was monitored after 2 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h. After 2 hours of zearalenone exposure, statistically significant DNA damage occurred at all tested concentrations of 0.08 ppm (12.2±1.25; p<0.05), 0.4 ppm (12.7±0.88; p<0.01), 2 ppm (12.0±0.51; p<0.01), 10 ppm (11.2±0.47; p<0.01) and at 50 ppm (14.2±0 61; p<0.001). Significantly greater DNA damage was also found after 24 h, 48 h and 72 h. The obtained results showed that zearalenone may induce DNA damage of the bovine lymphocytes.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences; 2022, 25, 3; 475-477
1505-1773
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
In silico study by using ProTox-II webserver for oral acute toxicity, organ toxicity, immunotoxicity, genetic toxicity endpoints, nuclear receptor signalling and stress response pathways of synthetic pyrethroids
Autorzy:
Ghosh, Subhasis
Tripathi, Puja
Talukdar, Partha
Talapatra, Soumendra Nath
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1065392.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
In silico study
Molecular mechanism of toxicity
Nuclear receptor signalling and stress response pathways
Predictive toxicology
Synthetic pyrethroids
Opis:
Till date, it is well-known that synthetic pyrethroids are safe to mammal but toxic to non-mammals. The present objective was an in silico study to detect oral acute toxicity, organ toxicity, immunotoxicity, genetic toxicity endpoints, nuclear receptor signalling, and stress response pathways of common synthetic pyrethroids by using ProTox-II webserver. The chemical compounds especially different synthetic pyrethroids such as pyrethrin I, Cinerin I and Jasmolin I (esters of Chrysanthemic acid), Pyrethrin-II, Cinerin II and Jasmolin II (Esters of Pyrethric acid), type I pyrethroids (esters without alpha-cyano group) such as allethrin, resmethrin, permethrin and bifenthrin and type II pyrethroids (esters with alpha-cyano group) such as fenvalerate, cyhalothrin, cypermethrin and deltamethrinwere selected from available literature. ProTox-II webserver was used for toxicological assessment in organism, organs, cell and gene level along with molecular mechanisms of toxicity. The predictive results for the toxicity of common synthetic pyrethroids compounds, Deltamethrin showed highly toxic compound among 14 compounds as fatal if swallowed as class II followed by Cypermethrin, Cyhalothrin, Bifenthrin, Resmethrin, Fenvalerate and Permethrin but hepatotoxic potential was only Deltamethrin and Fenvalerate while immunotoxic was obtained Permethrin. On the other hand, none of the compounds were obtained cytotoxic and carcinogenic but 9 compounds viz. Pyrethrin I, II Cinerin I, II, Jasmolin I, II, Allethrin, Resmethrin and Permethrin were observed mutagenic active. In case of NR signalling pathways, all compounds were inactive but eight compounds such as Pyrethrin I, II, Cinerin I, II, Jasmolin I, II, Allethrin and Resmethrin were obtained nrf2/ARE and HSE active while MMP active compounds were obtained Fenvalerate, Cyhalothrin and Deltamethrin respectively. For p53 and ATAD5 parameters, all fourteen compounds such as were obtained inactive. In conclusion, the present predictive results are suitable for academician, researchers, industries, etc. those who are making drugs and environmental chemicals. This web server helps faster screening of large numbers of compounds within short duration and no animal testing. This present in silico study easily detects toxin(s), which can be validated in future through in vitro and in vivo experimental assay.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2019, 132; 35-51
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ocena toksyczności osadów w Zbiorniku Włocławskim
Assessment of sediment toxicity from the Włocławski Reservoir
Autorzy:
Trojanowska-Olichwer, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/271448.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Górnośląska Wyższa Szkoła Pedagogiczna im. Kardynała Augusta Hlonda
Tematy:
toksyczność
Phytotoxkit
osady
zbiornik zaporowy
toxicity
sediments
dammed reservoir
Opis:
Celem pracy była ocena ekotoksyczności osadów ze Zbiornika Włocławskiego, drugiego pod względem wielkości polskiego zbiornika zaporowego. Badania przeprowadzono przy użyciu mikrobiotestów Phytotoxkit, w których analizuje się hamowanie kiełkowania nasion i hamowanie wzrostu korzeni trzech gatunków roślin (duliściennych Lepidium sativum, Sinapis alba, monoliściennych: Sorgum saccharatum). Wrażliwość badanych roślin obniżała się zgodnie z następującym schematem: L. sativum < S. alba, < S. saccharatum. Uzyskane wyniki wykazały silne zróżnicowanie przestrzenne fitotoksyczności wzdłuż zbiornika (r=0,71, p<0,05), przy czym najwyższe wartości obserwowano tuż poniżej miasta Płocka (hamowanie kiełkowania nasion = -47% oraz hamowanie wzrostu korzeni = 79%); wartości te stopniowo obniżały się w kierunku tamy (hamowanie kiełkowania nasion = -81% oraz hamowanie wzrostu korzeni = 22%). Wpływ metali na toksyczność osadów nie był jednoznaczny. W pracy podjęto dyskusję na temat innych możliwych przyczyn toksyczności osadów w rejonie miasta Płocka.
The aim of this study was to estimate the ecotoxicity of sediments from the Włocławski Resevoir, Poland's second largest dammed reservoir. Research was carried out using Phytotoxkit microbiotests, which measured the inhibition of seed germination and root growth retardation of three plant species (dicotyl Lepidium sativum, Sinapis alba, monocotyl Sorgum saccharatum). The sensitivity of the plants tested decreased according to the following gradient: L. sativum < S. alba, < S. saccharatum. The results obtained showed strong spatial diversification of phytotoxicity along the reservoir ((r=071, p<005)), with the highest values just below the city of Płock (inhibition of seed germination = -47%, and inhibition of root growth = 79%), and gradual decreasing diversification towards the dam (inhibition of seed germination = -81% and inhibition of root growth = 22%). The effect of the metals on sediment toxicity was not clear. Other possible causes of sediment toxicity in the region of Płock are discussed.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecology and Health; 2013, R. 17, nr 3, 3; 103-109
2082-2634
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecology and Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of the shape of the combustion chamber on exhaust gases toxicity in T370 engine
Autorzy:
Kalina, P.
Kawalec, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243782.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
diesel engine
combustion chamber
geometry
toxicity
Opis:
An important issue in construction of combustion chamber in compression-ignition engines is proper selection of its shape and size. Both features are dependent on several factors such as fuel injector location and angle, spray atomizer selection (amount of holes, their diameter and angular position), location of inlet valve and air turbulence. By doing research on prototype engine T370, an analysis of influence of combustion chamber size and its modifications going towards lip construction on flue gas toxicity was done. The diameter and depth of combustion chamber was being changed while maintaining the same compression ratio. After that, a modification of tested combustion chambers was made by creating so called “lip”, which aim was to create a swirl of injected fuel in the vertical plane. To visualize the changes in swirl, a numerical analysis of fuel injection into combustion chamber was made. In discussed study, emission tests were performed according to ECE-R49. During the research six combustion chambers with diameters 60, 63 and 66 mm (and their modification) were investigated. Tests were performed for several types of injectors and different injection timing. However, for analysis of combustion chamber size the results are presented for the same injectors but with optimized injection timing.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2015, 22, 2; 104-108
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Toxicity of Medical Glove Materials: A Pilot Study
Autorzy:
Lonnroth, E. C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90537.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
toxicity
natural rubber latex
synthetic rubbers
synthetic polymeric materials
toksyczność skórna
toksykologia
lateks
rękawice izolujące
materiały izolacyjne
Opis:
Cytotoxicity of 14 glove materials representing 4 natural rubber latex, 6 synthetic rubber and 4 synthetic polymeric materials was evaluated using dimethylthiazol diphenyltetrazolium (MTT), agar overlay and filter diffusion tests. Cell responses after contact with extracts of glove materials and contact with glove materials were assessed. One synthetic rubber glove (nitrile rubber) and 2 synthetic polymeric gloves (polyvinyl chloride) were non-toxic in all 3 tests, while 5 synthetic rubbers exhibited varying degrees of cytotoxicity, depending on the test. A severe cytotoxic response to both extracts of natural rubber latex materials and contact with natural rubber latex was verified in the 3 tests, indicating a need for consideration when selecting gloves, or other products, used in close skin contact.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2005, 11, 2; 131-139
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Molecular mechanisms of lead toxicity
Autorzy:
Szymanski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/80273.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
lead toxicity
molecular mechanism
heavy metal
oxidative stress
DNA damage
calcium binding protein
zinc finger protein family
DNA methylation
Źródło:
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology; 2014, 95, 2
0860-7796
Pojawia się w:
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Chromium toxicity in Sesbania sesban (L.) Merr
Autorzy:
Bakiyaraj, R.
Mahakavi, T.
Baskaran, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/10775.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
chromium
toxicity
Sesbania grandiflora
pot experiment
toxic effect
plant
germination
chlorophyll
enzyme
metal accumulation
seedling
shoot
Opis:
Chromium is one of the most common toxic metals present in the environment that induces various toxic effects in plants. A pot experiment was conducted to determine the effects of chromium on germination percentage, seedling growth, chlorophyll ‘a’, ‘b’ and proline content of Sesbania sesban (L.) Merr. The seedlings were treated with different concentrations of control, 0.10, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00 g kg-1 of chromium. The parameters such as germination percentage, root and shoot length, seedling fresh weight dry weight, chlorophyll ‘a’, ‘b’ and proline content of leaves were measured. Our results indicated that a significant inhibitory effect was observed at all levels of chromium compared to control. Increasing the concentration of chromium to 1.00 g kg-1 showed a significant decrease in seed germination, shoot and root length, fresh weight, dry weight and chlorophyll ‘a’ and ‘b’ content of plant. While proline, catalase and peroxidase contents were increased by increasing Cr concentration. It was also noted that accumulation of chromium in the roots was much higher than the shoots of the seedlings under treatment.
Źródło:
International Letters of Natural Sciences; 2014, 04
2300-9675
Pojawia się w:
International Letters of Natural Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Acute toxicity of Siltac EC to the honey bee (Apis mellifera)
Autorzy:
Patrzalek, M.
Bojarski, B.
Antonkiewicz, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2119518.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Zootechniczne
Tematy:
pesticide
Siltac EC
toxicity
contamination
novel preparation
pollinator
honey bee
Apis mellifera
Opis:
Various types of pesticides are commonly used in modern agriculture. Honey bees (Apis mellifera) are sensitive indicators of environmental contamination with these substances. Exposure of honey bees to pesticides can lead to changes in their behaviour and increase mortality, so it is important to develop alternative formulations to common (‘chemical’) pesticides. The recently developed preparation Siltac EC (patent no. WO 2016/061259) shows promise as an effective substitute. It is based on a physical interaction with the pest and does not contain chemicals classified as pesticides. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the toxicity of Siltac EC to adult honey bee workers. The experiments showed that both contact and oral acute toxicity were very low, and that the preparation can preliminarily be considered safe for honey bees.
Źródło:
Roczniki Naukowe Polskiego Towarzystwa Zootechnicznego; 2021, 17, 2; 29-38
1733-7305
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Naukowe Polskiego Towarzystwa Zootechnicznego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
N-Methyl-N-D-fructosyl amphotericin B methyl ester (MF-AME), a novel antifungal agent of low toxicity: Monomer/micelle control over selective toxicity.
Autorzy:
Cybulska, Barbara
Gadomska, Ina
Mazerski, Jan
Grzybowska, Jolanta
Borowski, Edward
Cheron, Monique
Bolard, Jacques
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1044402.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
Tematy:
reactional drug design
selective toxicity
amphotericin B
Opis:
Rational chemical modification of amphotericin B (AMB) led to the synthesis of sterically hindered AMB derivatives. The selected optimal compound, N-methyl- N-D-fructosyl amphotericin B methyl ester (MF-AME) retains the broad spectrum of antifungal activity of the parent antibiotic, and exhibits a two orders of magnitude lower toxicity in vivo and in vitro against mammalian cells. Comparative studies of MF-AME and AMB comprising the determination of the spectroscopic properties of monomeric and self-associated forms of the antibiotics, the investigation of the influence of self-association on toxicity to human red blood cells, and of the antibiotic-sterol interaction were performed. On the basis of the results obtained it can be assumed that the improvement of the selective toxicity of MF-AME could in part be a consequence of the diminished concentration of water soluble oligomers in aqueous medium, and the better ability to differentiate between cholesterol and ergosterol.
Źródło:
Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2000, 47, 1; 121-131
0001-527X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Biochimica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fosforowe związki organiczne zmniejszające palność – toksyczność i wpływ na zdrowie ludzi
Organophosphorus flame retardants – Toxicity and influence on human health
Autorzy:
Bruchajzer, Elżbieta
Frydrych, Barbara
Szymańska, Jadwiga A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2165398.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-05-12
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
fosforowe związki organiczne zmniejszające palność
toksyczność przewlekła
toksyczność dla ludzi
organophosphorus flame retardants
chronic toxicity
human toxicity
Opis:
Fosforowe związki organiczne zmniejszające palność (flame retardants – FRs) stosowane są od kilkudziesięciu lat w wielu gałęziach przemysłu, m.in. w produkcji barwników, lakierów, klejów, syntetycznych żywic, polichlorku winylu, płynów hydraulicznych, tworzyw sztucznych i tekstyliów. Ostatnio ich znaczenie wzrasta, co spowodowane jest m.in. znacznym ograniczeniem stosowanych dotąd polibromowanych difenyloeterów (PBDEs) – niebezpiecznych dla środowiska trwałych zanieczyszczeń organicznych. Celem pracy był przegląd dostępnych danych literaturowych dotyczących fosforowych FRs przede wszystkim pod kątem ich działania neurotoksycznego, wpływu na płodność i rozrodczość oraz działania kancerogennego. Analiza dotyczyła najczęściej stosowanych substancji, którymi są: fosforan trietyloheksylu (TEHP), fosforan tributoksyetylu (TBEP), fosforan trifenylu (TPP), fosforan tris(2-chloroetylu) (TCEP), chlorek tetra(hydroksymetylo)fosfoniowy (THPC), fosforan tributylu (TBP), fosforan trikrezolu (TCP), fosforan tris(2-chloro-1-metyloetylu) (TCPP), fosforan tri(1,3-dichloroizopropylu) (TDCP) oraz siarczan tetrakis(hydroksymetylo) fosfoniowy (THPS). Działanie neurotoksyczne wykazano w badaniach na zwierzętach po narażeniu na TBEP, THPC, TBP i TCP. U ludzi działanie neurotoksyczne zaobserwowano tylko po narażeniu na TCP. Z kolei TCEP, THPS, TBP, TCP i TDCP powodowały zaburzenia płodności i/lub w rozwoju płodów zwierząt. Niekorzystny wpływ na rozrodczość u ludzi mogą powodować TPP, TCP i TDCP. Nowotwory u zwierząt laboratoryjnych powodowały podawane w wysokich dawkach THEP, TCEP, TBP i TDCP. Żaden z tych związków nie jest jednak klasyfikowany jako rakotwórczy dla ludzi. Toksyczność środowiskowa fosforowych FRs jest niewielka (z wyjątkiem TPP, TCEP i TBEP). Nie są one związkami trwałymi, w organizmach żywych podlegają przemianom metabolicznym i są z nich szybko wydalane. Mogą być więc alternatywą dla stosowanych do niedawna PBDEs. Med. Pr. 2015;66(2):235–264
Organophosphorus flame retardants (flame retardants, FRs) have been used for several decades in many industries, including the production of dyes, varnishes, adhesives, synthetic resins, polyvinyl chloride, hydraulic fluids, plastics and textiles. Their importance in recent times has increased due to i.a., significantly reduced use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) – persistent organic pollutants, dangerous for the environment. The aim of this study was to review the available literature data concerning phosphorous FRs primarily for neurotoxic, fertility, reproductive and carcinogenic effects. The analysis concerned the following most commonly used substances: tris(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate (TEHP), tris(2-butoxyethyl)phosphate (TBEP), triphenyl phosphate (TPP), tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate (TCEP), tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)-phosphonium chloride (THPC), tributyl phosphate (TBP), tricresyl phosphate (TCP), tris(2-chloroisopropyl)phosphate (TCPP), tris(1,3-dichloroisopropyl)phosphate (TDCP) and tetrakis(hydroxymethyl) phosphonium sulphate (THPS). In animal studies neurotoxic effects were found after exposure to TBEP, THPC, TBP and TCP, while in humans they were observed only after exposure to TCP. TCEP, THPS, TBP, TCP and TDCP caused disorders in fertility and/or fetal development of animals. Adverse effects on reproduction in humans may be caused by TPP, TCP, and TDCP. In laboratory animals the development of tumors was observed after high doses of TEHP, TCEP, TBP and TDCP. None of these compounds is classified as a human carcinogen. The environmental toxicity of phosphate FRs is low (except for TPP, TCEP and TBEP). They are not stable compounds, in living organisms they are metabolised and quickly excreted. Therefore, they can be used as an alternative to PBDEs. Med Pr 2015;66(2):235–264
Źródło:
Medycyna Pracy; 2015, 66, 2; 235-264
0465-5893
2353-1339
Pojawia się w:
Medycyna Pracy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Toxicity of parasites and their unconventional use in medicine
Autorzy:
Król, G.
Tomaszewska, A.
Wróbel, G.
Paprocka, P.
Durnaś, B.
Piktel, E.
Bucki, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2085134.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Wsi
Tematy:
parasites
toxicity
helminth therapy
Opis:
Introduction. Over 300 species of parasites can possibly be passed on humans. Most of the parasitic infections are defined based on their pathogenicity; however, some positive effects of a parasite existence within the human body have recently been suggested. Beneficial outcomes of parasite infections might result from the production and release of metabolites, modification of host immune response or products uptake of the host. Objective. The aim of the study was a comprehensive analysis of a wide range of effects of parasites on the human body, including an overview of the toxic and positive effects. State of knowledge. In the light of the latest research presenting the unconventional use of parasites in medicine, the widely understood of their impact on the human body can also be considered in a positive context. Clinical cases from diseases caused by the toxic effects of parasites, as described in recent years, indicate that the problem of parasitic infections still persists. Despite a great deal of knowledge about the toxic effects of parasites on the human organism and, above all, despite the improvement in sanitary conditions, there is a resurgence of parasitic infections, as evidenced, e.g. by the examples presented in this review. Conclusions. The examples of positive effects of parasites presented so far give hope for the future in terms of fighting many diseases for which pharmacological treatment has not yet brought a positive effect. A better understanding of those processes might lead to the development of new methods of unconventional medical treatment.
Źródło:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2019, 26, 4; 523-531
1232-1966
Pojawia się w:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Toxicity and risks with T-2 and HT-2 toxins in cereals.
Autorzy:
Pettersson, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199611.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-12-20
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
Fusarium langsethiae
HT-2 toxin
oats
T-2 toxin
toxin contamination
toxicity
risk
Opis:
The trichothecenes T-2 and HT-2 toxins have during recent years been found frequently in cereals grown in Europe. They are mainly produced by Fusarium  langsethiae.  High concentrations of the toxins are most commonly found in oats, but they are also detected frequently at lower concentrations in barley. Wheat is only rarely contaminated. Yearly surveys of T-2 and HT-2 toxins in oats from Northern Europe have shown that the occurrence and levels have increased from 2002, with very high levels in 2005-2007, followed by a decrease in 2008-2009. Raw oats delivered to mills for processing to food have also been highly contaminated with T-2 and HT-2 toxins during the period 2006-2009. The processing of oats in the mills by sorting-sieving and dehulling reduce the toxin concentrations in the final food products, flakes and meals, with more than 80 % even at high levels in the raw oat. The concentrations of the toxins in the by-products from the process are instead increased. The by-products are mainly used as feed components. The toxic effects of T-2 and HT-2 toxins in animals and the toxicological information used in the risk evaluations are briefly described. Risk evaluations of the toxins in cereals for human consumption have been conducted by both EU-Scientific Committee on Food and by JECFA in 2001. Both evaluations resulted in the same temporary tolerable daily intake (t-TDI) for the sum of T-2 and HT-2 toxins. The group TDI for T-2 and HT-2 toxins, alone or in combination, became 60 ng/kg bw and day. The intake of T-2 and HT-2 toxins through oats is calculated from median concentrations in oat products and median consumption data from Norway. The intake was found to be 1.5-5.4 % of the t-TDI. The  toxic  effects  studied  or  expected in  farm  animals, horses  and  ruminants, consuming high amounts of oat in their feed are described and discussed.
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2011, 64; 65-74
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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