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Tytuł:
Selected problems of real driving emissions measurement
Autorzy:
Merkisz, J.
Pielecha, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242440.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
exhaust emissions
road test
real driving emissions
environmental protection
Opis:
The article compares driving test data using the latest legislative proposals applicable to passenger cars. Real Driving Emissions procedures have been introduced in the Commission Regulation (EU) 2016/427. Currently, quantitative RDE requirements have been established to limit emissions from exhaust systems in all operating conditions in accordance with the road emission limits set out in Regulation (EC) No. 715/2007. Several measurements were performed on the same test route in accordance with the RDE test guidelines, which requires a number of criteria to be met. These criteria include the length of the measuring segments, their overall test timeshare, and the dynamic characteristics of the drive. A mobile device for reading the EOBD System information was used to record the engine and vehicle operating parameters during tests. This allowed for the monitoring of parameters such as: load value, engine speed and vehicle velocity. The obtained results were then analysed for their compatibility with the RDE procedure requirements. Despite the same research route, the obtained results were not the same. The analysis also uses the two-dimensional operating time-share characteristics expressed in vehicle velocity and acceleration co-ordinates. As a result, it was possible to compare the dynamic properties, share of operating time and, consequently, to check the validity of conducted drive tests in terms of their practicability and emission values.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2017, 24, 3; 189-196
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A new ecological research : real driving emissions
Autorzy:
Pielecha, J
Merkisz-Guranowska, A.
Jacyna-Gołda, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242428.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
exhaust emissions
vehicle testing
Real Driving Emissions
Opis:
In the assumptions, regarding to the transport policy both at the level of country and Europe there is the concept of sustainable development of transport. Warsaw University of Technology in cooperation with Poznan University of Technology performs research work concerning the shaping of environmentally friendly transport system – Project EMITRANSYS. In this project, one of the conditions is to reduce exhaust emissions by means of transport. The paper presents the reasons for the testing of the exhaust emissions under Real Driving Emissions testing (RDE). Research potential of Institute of Combustion Engines and Transport at Poznan University of Technology in the area of road testing of passenger and heavy-duty vehicles has been presented in the paper. Example test results have been shown in the aspect of the emission-related classification of vehicles. The major challenge of worldwide emission standards, engine operating parameters in various emissions tests, the test potential under real operating conditions, the view of the analyser for on-road emission testing of vehicles, the test results for road emission of CO, HC and NOx, detailed characteristics of the averaged particle number for the entire test run (vehicles with different mileage and different emission class) for: Euro 4 class and 75,000 km; Euro 4 class and 500,000 km; Euro 5 class and 75,000 km; Euro 5 class and 500,000 km are presented in the paper.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 2; 259-265
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Combustion engines development and real driving emissions
Autorzy:
Merkisz, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247086.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
exhaust emission
portable emission measurement system
real road conditions
Opis:
The article characterizes state-of-the-art PEMS (Portable Emission Measurement System) equipment for exhaust emissions measurement under actual operating conditions. This equipment allows measurement of the exhaust emissions from all modes of transport. Besides, the article contains the results of exhaust emission research for engines of a variety of transport applications such as light duty vehicles and heavy-duty vehicles. Own exhaust emission research results performed under different traffic conditions of new motor vehicles fuelled with different fuels (gasoline, diesel fuel and natural gas) have been compared with the type approval values that define the vehicle emission indexes. The analysis has been performed in relation to a vehicle but the proposed measurement methodology is also knit to the engine operating conditions. The testing of heavy-duty vehicles described in the book was divided into several stages for which the results obtained for these vehicles were compared for loaded and unloaded vehicles. Ecological advantages of the city buses of different powertrain configurations have been determined (diesel, hybrid) on selected regular bus lines in city centre.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 2; 209-219
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Real driving emissions : vehicle tests in variable terrain
Autorzy:
Merkisz, J.
Pielecha, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245283.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
combustion engine
exhaust emissions
vehicle testing
Real Driving Emissions
Opis:
This paper presents the results of tests conducted in real traffic conditions in a mountainous area, taking into account the natural topography characteristics. The tested vehicle was of SUV type (Sport Utility Vehicle) with gasoline and Diesel engine, complying with emission standard Euro 5. Using the portable system for measurement of harmful substances, measurements of pollution emissions were conducted. The results obtained confirmed the substantial changes in the emission of harmful components of exhaust fumes with the change of the road grade. In all considered cases, it was confirmed that with the increasing route grade, the road emissions of all harmful components of exhaust fumes increase, however this increase varies for different pollutants. The most sensitive for spark ignition engines is emission of particulate matter, which is associated mainly with the compression ignition engines. For small changes of the road grade, the most sensitive seems to be road emission of carbon monoxide, for gasoline engines emission of particulate matter is specific, first, to all diesel engines, increase of the road grade to 10% caused on average twofold increase in the emission of harmful components of exhaust gases.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2015, 22, 1; 217-225
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Testing and evaluating real driving emissions with PEMS
Autorzy:
Czerwinski, J.
Zimmerli, Y.
Hüssy, A.
Engelmann, D.
Bonsack, P.
Remmele, E.
Huber, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133005.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
RDE evaluation
RDE with Ethanol
PN PEMS
simulation of slope and normality of RDE results
ocena RDE
rzeczywista emisja cząstek
przenośne systemy pomiaru emisji
Opis:
Testing of real driving emissions (RDE) with portable emission measuring system (PEMS) in an appropriate road circuit became an obligatory element of new type approval of passenger cars since September 2017. In several projects the Laboratory for Exhaust Emissions Control (AFHB) of the Berne University of Applied Sciences (BFH) performed comparisons on passenger cars with different PEMS’s on chassis dynamometer and on road, considering the quality and the correlations of results. Particle number measuring systems (PN PEMS) were also included in the tests. The present paper informs about influences of E85 on RDE on two flex-fuel-vehicles, discusses some aspects of different ways of evaluation with different programs, shows comparison of different types of PN PEMS and represents the effects of simulation of slope on the chassis dynamometer.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2018, 57, 3; 17-25
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Remarks about real driving emissions tests for passenger cars
Autorzy:
Merkisz, J.
Pielecha, J.
Jasiński, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/223595.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
exhaust emissions
vehicle testing
emission standards
Real Driving Emissions
emisje spalin
badania pojazdu
normy emisji
Opis:
New test procedures for determining exhaust emission from passenger vehicles will be introduced in 2017. For several years, the European Commission has been developing new procedures, which aim is to perform tests in road conditions. The purpose is to determine the real values of emissions, which are not always reflected by the level of emissions obtained in the laboratory. Proper and accurate procedures for determining emissions in real traffic conditions (RDE – Real Driving Emission) have not yet been approved (as opposed to Heavy Duty Vehicles for which such conditions already exist), but there are proposals that are currently being analyzed by major research centers in Europe. There are many differences between those proposals such as determining road emission or research methodology related to emission measurement of hydrocarbons. The work compares the results of emissions measured in road tests using the latest legislative proposals related to passenger cars. The results are shown in relation to the used measurement method: classic method of determining exhaust emission; uses all measurement data determining the mass of harmful compounds and distance travelled during the test; method of averaging the measuring windows (MAW – moving average windows), also in the literature called EMROAD method, which determines the measurement windows (on the basis of carbon dioxide emissions from the WLTC test) and on its basis determines the road emission in RDE test; generalized method of instantaneous power (Power Binning), known in the literature as CLEAR – Classification of Emissions from Automobiles in Real driving, determines road emissions on the basis of generalized instantaneous power during the RDE test.
Źródło:
Archives of Transport; 2016, 39, 3; 51-63
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of exhaust emission processes during the Real Driving Emissions test
Autorzy:
Andrych-Zalewska, Monika
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27311805.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
RDE test
exhaust emission
combustion engine
operating states
test RDE
emisja spalin
silnik spalinowy
badanie silnika
Opis:
The article deals with the study of exhaust emissions from a combustion engine in the Real Driving Emission (RDE) test. These tests are a simulation of real conditions of use of motor vehicles. Nowadays, RDE tests are mandatory for Light Duty Vehicle (LDV) and Heavy Duty Vehicle (HDV) vehicles and in the future, restrictive standard. Euro 7, which combines stricter limits with a comprehensive RDE test cycle, is becoming a challenge for current vehicle engineering. The paper presents the results of pollutant emission tests from a passenger car (PC). In the tests of LDV in the RDE test, the results of which are analyzed in the article, the Portable Emissions Measurement System (PEMS) mobile exhaust emission testing system was used. The processes describing the operating states of the vehicle and the combustion engine, as well as the processes of exhaust emission intensity and the intensity of the number of particulate (PN), were examined. The correlation between the considered processes was investigated. The emission of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, particulate and carbon dioxide as well as the road PN were examined. The zero-dimensional statistical characteristics of the examined processes were also determined. The probability density and power spectral density of the processes were established. A great diversity was found in the properties of the process distributions, as well as in the dynamic properties of the processes. In the summary of the analysis of the results of the car speed process, the operating states of the combustion engine and the processes of exhaust emission intensity and the process of the intensity of PN in the RDE test, conclusions were formulated regarding, among others, course of the intensity of these compounds, correlation of the processes of pollution emission intensity and the intensity of the PN with the process of car speed, distribution of processes.
Źródło:
Archives of Transport; 2023, 66, 2; 123--148
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wybrane zagadnienia dotyczące drogowych testów emisyjnych
Selected remarks about real driving emissions tests
Autorzy:
Pielecha, J.
Merkisz, J.
Markowski, J
Jasiński, R.
Magdziak, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/314563.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:
samochody osobowe
emisja spalin
normy emisji spalin
ograniczanie emisji spalin
testy drogowe
procedura badawcza
metody pomiarów
automobile
emissions standards
reduction of emissions
exhaust emission reduction
road tests
research procedure
measurement methods
Opis:
Nowe procedury badawcze wyznaczania emisji drogowej zanieczyszczeń spalin dla pojazdów osobowych mają wejść w życie w 2017 roku. Od kilku lat Komisja Europejska zajmuje się opracowaniem nowych procedur, których celem jest wykonywanie badań w warunkach drogowych. Ma to na celu określenie rzeczywistych wartości emisji spalin, co nie zawsze odzwierciedla poziom emisji spalin w warunkach laboratoryjnych. Dokładne procedury badawcze emisji zanieczyszczeń w rzeczywistych warunkach ruchu (RDE – Real Driving Emissions) nie zostały jeszcze uchwalone (w odróżnieniu do pojazdów ciężarowych, dla których takie uwarunkowania już funkcjonują), jednakże istnieją propozycje, które obecnie są analizowane przez główne ośrodki badawcze w Europie. Propozycje te różnią się między sobą, m.in. sposobem wyznaczania emisji drogowej zanieczyszczeń, oraz metodyką badań uwzględniającą np. pomiar emisji drogowej węglowodorów. W artykule porównano wyniki emisji spalin uzyskiwane w testach drogowych z wykorzystaniem najnowszych propozycji legislacyjnych odnoszących się do samochodów osobowych. Uzyskane wyniki przedstawiono w odniesieniu do następujących metod pomiarowych: metoda klasyczna wyznaczania emisji drogowej związków szkodliwych – wykorzystuje się wszystkie dane pomiarowe wyznaczając masę związków szkodliwych i przebytą drogę podczas testu; metoda uśredniania okien pomiarowych (MAV – moving average windows), zwana również w literaturze metodą EMROAD, w której wyznacza się okna pomiarowe (na podstawie danych o emisji dwutlenku węgla z testu WLTC) i na ich podstawie wyznacza się emisję drogową w teście RDE; metoda kategoryzacji mocy (Power Binning), zwana w literaturze jako CLEAR – Classification of Emissions from Automobiles in Real driving, wyznacza się emisję spalin na podstawie kategoryzacji mocy podczas testu RDE.
New test procedures for determining exhaust emission from passenger vehicles will be introduced in 2017. For several years, the European Commission has been developing new procedures, which aim is to perform tests in road conditions. The purpose is to determine the real value of emissions, which are not always reflected by the level of emissions obtained in the laboratory. Proper and accurate procedures for determining emissions in real traffic conditions (RDE – Real Driving Emissions) have not yet been approved (as opposed to Heavy-Duty Vehicles for which such conditions already exist), but there are proposals that are currently being analyzed by major research centers in Europe. There are many differences between those proposals such as determining road emission or research methodology related to emission measurement of hydrocarbons. The work compares the results of emissions measured in road tests using the latest legislative proposals related to passenger cars. The results are shown in relation to the used measurement method: classic method of determining exhaust emission; uses all measurement data determining the mass of harmful compounds and distance traveled during the test; method of averaging the measuring windows, also in the literature called EMROAD method, which determines the measurement windows (on the basis of carbon dioxide emissions from the WLTC test) and on its basis determines the road emission in RDE test; generalized method of instantaneous power (Power Binning), known in the literature as CLEAR – Classification of Emissions from Automobiles in Real driving, determines road emissions on the basis of generalized instantaneous power during the RDE test.
Źródło:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2016, 17, 12; 1297-1303
1509-5878
2450-7725
Pojawia się w:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of the operation states of internal combustion engine in the Real Driving Emissions test
Autorzy:
Andrych-Zalewska, Monika
Chłopek, Zdzisław
Merkisz, Jerzy
Pielecha, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2124713.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
combustion engine
real driving emissions
engine operation states
silnik spalinowy
emisje spalin
stan pracy silnika
Opis:
Internal combustion engines represent the largest share of motor vehicle propulsion types. Despite the introduction of alternative drives (hybrid and electric), combustion engines will continue to be the main factor in the development of transport. Therefore, work related to their technological development and reduction of their harmful effects on human health and the environment is required. The development of internal combustion engines can be seen in two directions: technological changes resulting in increased efficiency of such engines and the second direction connected with limitation of exhaust gas emission. The present work is included in the second direction of research interests and concerns the analysis of various operating conditions of internal combustion engines. The operating states, both static and dynamic, determine the operational properties of internal combustion engines, such as fuel and energy consumption as well as pollutant emissions. Sofar, such operating conditions have only been mapped on a chassis dynamometer in various homologation tests. The course of the type approval test was known and the conditions of measurement were also known, which made it impossible to introduce a random factor into such tests. Currently, these properties are determined in tests performed in real vehicle operating conditions – RDE (Real Driving Emissions). Such tests are representing real operating conditions of motor vehicles. Limitations for performing tests in real traffic conditions are, apart from formal requirements concerning the duration and distance of individual parts, the dynamic conditions of vehicles determined by the speed and acceleration of the vehicle. The study analyzed the properties of vehicle speed processes and engine operating states in the RDE test, taking into account its individual phases – driving in urban, rural and motorway conditions. Engine operation states are the processes of the engine rotational speed and its relative torque. It was found that the dynamic properties of the vehicle speed process are much more significant than the engine operating states. It was also found that the road emission of pollutants in the RDE test, which is the property of vehicles measured in the test, the motorway phase properties have greatest impact.
Źródło:
Archives of Transport; 2022, 61, 1; 71--88
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Determining the route for the purpose light vehicles testing in Real Driving Emissions (RDE) test
Autorzy:
Gis, Wojciech
Pielecha, Jacek
Merkisz, Jerzy
Kruczyński, Stanisław
Gis, Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133983.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
RDE
vehicle
transport
passenger cars
test
ecology
homologation
pojazd
samochody osobowe
badania
ekologia
homologacja
Opis:
In the regulations concerning approval of light vehicles starting from September 2019 it will be necessary to conduct exhaust emissions tests both on a chassis dynamometer and for real driving emissions. It is a legislative requirement set forth in EU regulations for the purpose of the RDE (Real Driving Emissions) procedure. To decide on the RDE route for the purpose of the LV exhaust emissions tests many requirements must be fulfilled, regarding for example external temperature and the topographic height of the tests, driving style (driving dynamic parameters), trip duration, length of respective test sections (urban, rural, motorway, etc.). The works on outlining RDE routes are continued across the country in various research centres. Specifying the RDE route for test purposes, i.e. works in which the authors of this article are actively involved, has become a major challenge for future approval surveys concerning the assessment of hazardous emissions from light vehicles and for development studies focusing on - for example - the consumption of energy in electric and hybrid vehicles. The test route has been chosen to ensure that the test is performed on a continual basis. Data were recorded on a constant basis with the minimum duration of the test achieved. The test involved light vehicles and PEMS device for measuring the exhaust emissions, vehicle’s speed, completed route, etc. The device was installed in such manner as to ensure that its impact on the exhaust emissions from the tested vehicle and on the device’s operation is the least. The vehicle load was consistent with the requirements of the standard and included the aforesaid measurement device, the driver and the operator of PEMS. The tests were carried out on working days. The streets and roads used for the tests were hard-surfaced. Measurements were performed in accordance with the requirements of RDE packages (Package 1-4), i.e. taking into account - among others - the engine cold start. The article discusses the method of outlining the test route fulfilling the specific requirements for RDE testing. Chosen results of exhaust emissions from a passenger car with a spark-ignition engine along the defined RDE test route have been provided. The tests discussed in the article are introductory in the area of RDE tests and provide an introduction into further studies of exhaust emissions and energy consumption in real driving conditions in conventional vehicles and vehicles with alternative engines, e.g. hybrid and electric vehicles.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2019, 58, 3; 61-66
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 37

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