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    Wyświetlanie 1-44 z 44
    Tytuł:
    In mud forgotten: Old Kingdom palaeoecological evidence from Abusir
    Autorzy:
    Bárta, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2026972.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    Old King dom
    pyr a mid fields
    Abusir
    cli mate change ev i dence
    ar chae ol ogy of the Lake of Abusir
    molluscs
    beetles
    small vertebrae
    Opis:
    The pres ent study aims to sum ma rise the ma jor ev i dence on the cli mate de vel op ment in the pyr a mid fields based on the Abusir data and dat ing to the Old King dom (2700–2200 BCE). The in ter pre ta tion of the lat est evidence pre sented in the ar ti cle is based on the identification and evaluation of molluscs, bee tles, Lake of Abusir sed i ments, small ver te - brae and ar chae o log i cal ev i dence doc u mented dur ing the re search of sev eral Old King dom tomb com plexes and the sea sonal Lake of Abusir. The study shows that this cli mate change was of a long-term na ture and its or i gins may be dated to at least the lat ter half of the Fifth Dy nasty.
    Źródło:
    Studia Quaternaria; 2013, 30; 75-82
    1641-5558
    2300-0384
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Quaternaria
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Pottery from an Early Old Kingdom Terrace Quarry in West Saqqara (Egypt)
    Autorzy:
    Rzeuska, Teodozja I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/484077.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Kultur Śródziemnomorskich i Orientalnych PAN
    Tematy:
    pottery
    Saqqara
    Memphite necropolis
    Early Dynastic Egypt
    Old Kingdom Egypt
    Opis:
    The joint Polish-Egyptian archaeological mission (Polish Centre of Mediterranean Archaeology in Cairo) working in Saqqara, west of the funerary complex of Netjerykhet discovered an Early Old Kingdom quarries system. The pottery presented in this article is the first such large assemblage dated to the Early Dynastic and early Old Kingdom periods (Third to Fourth Dynasty) found in the area investigated by the mission. Importantly, it provides valuable evidence of events which had occurred before the emergence of the Lower Necropolis in the late Old Kingdom.
    Źródło:
    Études et Travaux (Institut des Cultures Méditerranéennes et Orientales de l’Académie Polonaise des Sciences); 2014, 27; 323-355
    2084-6762
    2449-9579
    Pojawia się w:
    Études et Travaux (Institut des Cultures Méditerranéennes et Orientales de l’Académie Polonaise des Sciences)
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Architectural innovations influenced by climatic phenomena (4.2 ka event) in the late old kingdom (saqqara, egypt)
    Autorzy:
    Kuraszkiewicz, Kamil O.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2025727.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    Saqqara
    architecture
    4.2 ka BP climate event
    heavy rainfalls
    Opis:
    The work of the Polish-Egyptian Archaeological Mission at Saqqara revealed a cemetery of palace officials that was in use during the late Old Kingdom. The evidence found during the exploration of the tombs indicates that the tomb builders were aware of the problems resulting from torrential rains in last years of functioning of the cemetery and that architectural solutions have been invented against these problems. The discussed phenomena seem to be directly related to the 4.2 ka event.
    Źródło:
    Studia Quaternaria; 2016, 33; 27-34
    1641-5558
    2300-0384
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Quaternaria
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Potmarks on Early Dynastic and Old Kingdom Bread Moulds from the Settlement Layers of Tell el-Murra
    Autorzy:
    Kazimierczak, Magdalena
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28763081.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Kultur Śródziemnomorskich i Orientalnych PAN
    Tematy:
    Tell el-Murra
    Nile Delta
    Early Dynastic period
    Old Kingdom period
    bread moulds
    pre-firing potmarks
    Opis:
    Early Dynastic and Old Kingdom bread moulds belong to the type of vessels on which potmarks appear the most often, which is a phenomenon recorded during works conducted at different sites. Excavations carried out at the Tell el-Murra between 2011 and 2019 produced a significant number of vessels of this type with various marks. This paper is devoted to the 118 pre-firing marks from Early Dynastic and Old Kingdom bread moulds from the settlement layers at the Tell el-Murra. The paper comparatively analyses marks from two subsequent chronological periods, with the aim to test the validity of theories regarding their function and meaning, based on examples from Tell el-Murra. The study concludes that the high frequency of potmarks on bread forms was not accidental, but related to certain economic processes and changes, as also indicated in this paper.
    Źródło:
    Études et Travaux (Institut des Cultures Méditerranéennes et Orientales de l’Académie Polonaise des Sciences); 2023, 36; 155-181
    2084-6762
    2449-9579
    Pojawia się w:
    Études et Travaux (Institut des Cultures Méditerranéennes et Orientales de l’Académie Polonaise des Sciences)
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Nile Delta during the Early Dynastic and Old Kingdom periods. Preliminary remarks on the evolution of settlement landscape
    Autorzy:
    Małecka-Drozd, Natalia
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1632530.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-12-19
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
    Tematy:
    Nile Delta
    Early Dynastic
    Old Kingdom
    settlements
    settlement landscape
    Opis:
    The 3rd millennium BC appears to be a key period of development of the historical settlement landscape in ancient Egypt. After the unification of the country, the process of disappearance of the predynastic socio-political structures and settlement patterns associated with them significantly accelerated. Old chiefdoms, along with their centres and elites, declined and vanished. On the other hand, new settlements emerging in various parts of the country were often strictly related to the central authorities and formation of the new territorial administration. Not negligible were climatic changes, which influenced the shifting of the ecumene. Although these changes were evolutionary in their nature, some important stages may be recognized. According to data obtained during surveys and excavations, there are a number of sites that were considerably impoverished and/or abandoned before and at the beginning of the Old Kingdom. On the other hand, during the Third and Fourth Dynasties some important Egyptian settlements have emerged in the sources and begun their prosperity. Architectural remains as well as written sources indicate the growing interest of the state in the hierarchy of landscape elements and territorial structure of the country.
    Źródło:
    Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean; 2020, 29(2); 15-58
    1234-5415
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Saqqara 2012 and 2015: inscriptions
    Autorzy:
    Kuraszkiewicz, Kamil O.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1706101.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
    Tematy:
    Saqqara
    Old Kingdom
    funerary architecture
    relief
    Opis:
    Numerous fragments of decorated limestone blocks attributed to the funerary chapel of the God’s Sealer Ikhi/Mery were found during the 2012 and 2015 seasons of Polish excavations in Saqqara. A theoretical reconstruction of the tomb facade is proposed based on the finds and some peculiarities of the decoration are discussed.
    Źródło:
    Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean; 2016, 25; 255-263
    1234-5415
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    From the DOP Petroglyph Unit Archives: an Old Kingdom “dancing girl” image from Site 30/450-E4-6
    Autorzy:
    Polkowski, Paweł L
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2033265.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
    Tematy:
    dancer
    plait-and-disk hairstyle
    Kugelzopftracht
    watchpost
    Dakhleh Oasis
    Opis:
    The rock art discovered in the 1980s and 1990s by the Dakhleh Oasis Project Petroglyph Unit is for the most part unpublished or only briefly mentioned in reports. The paper—the first of a planned series—offers a description and brief comparative study of a petroglyph showing a woman with a plait-and-disk hairstyle, found in the southeastern part of the oasis. The contextual information given for the petroglyph includes a description of the site. Selected features of the petroglyph are discussed. A comparative study of the decoration of nearly 30 tombs, containing figures with similarly rendered hairstyles, helps to explain the various attributes of the petroglyph and discuss its chronology.
    Źródło:
    Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean; 2021, 30(2); 81-102
    1234-5415
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Generał Ichi – egipski podróżnik z epoki budowniczych piramid
    General Ikhi – an Egyptian Traveller of the Pyramid Age
    Autorzy:
    Kuraszkiewicz, Kamil O.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/522678.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Katedra Języków i Kultur Afryki. Polskie Towarzystwo Afrykanistyczne
    Tematy:
    Egypt
    Old Kingdom
    expeditions
    Punt
    Saqqara
    Wadi Hammamat
    Opis:
    Contacts of the pharaonic civilisation with the neighbouring areas were frequent and intense. Much less regular were expeditions to more distant lands, and an important destination of such travels was the land of Punt. The Egyptian expeditions to Punt in the Pyramid Age (Old Kingdom, ca. 2543-2120 BC) are discussed and new evidence from Polish archaeological research in Egypt is presented, concerning a high-ranked official responsible for foreign expeditions. The evidence suggests that a previously unknown expedition to Punt may have been organised during the late Old Kingdom.
    Źródło:
    Afryka; 2016, 43; 155-172
    1234-0278
    Pojawia się w:
    Afryka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Gebelein Archaeological Project in 2019: Northern necropolis and the temple complex
    Autorzy:
    Ejsmond, Wojciech
    Rochecouste, Olivier Pierre
    Kuronuma, Taichi
    Witkowski, Piotr
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2033254.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
    Tematy:
    Gebelein
    Early Dynastic Period
    Old Kingdom
    pottery
    flint
    Opis:
    Continued archaeological surveys at two sites in the Gebelein area, the Northern Necropolis and the temple complex, have contributed new data for a better understanding of the ancient remains. Geophysical anomalies detected in 2015 in the western part of the Northern necropolis should now be interpreted most probably as tombs with mud-brick walls. Mounds of earth in the central part of the necropolis yielded numerous artifacts dating from between the Naqada I and the early Old Kingdom periods; they are likely to have been dumped from a nearby settlement site, probably the ancient town of Sumenu. Work in the temple complex was aimed at protecting the structure made of inscribed mud-bricks dating from the Twenty-first Dynasty.
    Źródło:
    Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean; 2021, 30(2); 13-28
    1234-5415
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    La politique territoriale du roi Sahourê à la lumière de récentes découvertes
    The Territorial Policy of King Sahure in the Light of Recent Discoveries
    Autorzy:
    Martinet, Émilie
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2180226.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Kultur Śródziemnomorskich i Orientalnych PAN
    Tematy:
    Sahure
    territorial policy
    foreign policy
    provinces
    Old Kingdom Egypt
    Opis:
    The territorial organisation in the early Fifth Dynasty remains little known compared to the Sixth Dynasty, for which the data are more numerous. However, in recent years, there have been several discoveries concerning the reign of Sahure (c. 2487–2475 BCE). This latest information, combined with a re-examination of the textual and material sources known for a long time, shed new light on the policy of territorial organisation of Sahure by enabling us to answer the following questions: To which provinces did this king give his attention? What are the characteristics and the motivations of this territorial policy? Sahure carried out a huge policy of development in Lower Egypt, in particular in the south-east of the Delta, and in the south of Upper Egypt. By using a global approach, analysis of all the data allows identification of three main reasons explaining this territorial policy: to facilitate the recovery of valuable resources at the margins of the country and abroad, to support the increase in the number of officials and to carry out the construction projects of the monarchy. Moreover, a new theory is proposed about the creation of the 8th nome in the south-east of the Delta.
    Źródło:
    Études et Travaux (Institut des Cultures Méditerranéennes et Orientales de l’Académie Polonaise des Sciences); 2022, 35; 75-102
    2084-6762
    2449-9579
    Pojawia się w:
    Études et Travaux (Institut des Cultures Méditerranéennes et Orientales de l’Académie Polonaise des Sciences)
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    An importance of neolithic-early dynastic-the end of old kingdom transition in ancient Egypt : geological evidences of climatic oscillations – future project
    Autorzy:
    Pawlikowski, M.
    Szymanowicz, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/343857.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    nakł. Maciej Pawlikowski
    Tematy:
    Nile Delta
    climatic oscillations
    geoarchaeology
    interdisciplinary research
    Opis:
    Field as well as archaeological, mineralogical and geochemical investigation of Nile Delta settlement and sediments will be performed, during the future project presented in this paper. Presented project will explain the impact of climatic changes on Neolithic-Early Dynastic-the end of Old Kingdom transition in the history of ancient Egypt.
    Źródło:
    Auxiliary Sciences in Archaeology, Preservation of Relics and Environmental Engineering; 2013, 16; 1-6
    1689-6742
    Pojawia się w:
    Auxiliary Sciences in Archaeology, Preservation of Relics and Environmental Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    More remarks on settlement patterns in the Nile Delta in the 3rd millennium BC
    Autorzy:
    Małecka-Drozd, Natalia
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2033263.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
    Tematy:
    Nile Delta
    Early Dynastic
    Old Kingdom
    settlements
    settlement landscape
    Opis:
    Research on settlement patterns in the Nile Delta in the 3rd millennium BC is still in its infancy. The work to date has been limited mainly to microregions and is related to the surveys conducted intensively since the 1980s, especially in the northeastern Delta and the area of Tell el-Fara’in/Buto. Recent inventorying and mapping work by the Egypt Exploration Society Delta Survey, which included also the results of new fieldwork, has created a map presenting the distribution of the Early Dynastic and Old Kingdom settlements in the Delta. Assuming that the recognized distribution of sites reflects to some extent the ancient settlement network, it gives grounds for considering the underlying reasons behind its formation. This paper highlights factors that could be of key significance for understanding this phenomenon, identifying areas that were pivotal to the process and those clearly marginal in their role. In effect, planning ground surveys and excavation research should gain in effectiveness.
    Źródło:
    Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean; 2021, 30(2); 29-79
    1234-5415
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Pyramid of Queen Setibhor at South Saqqara
    Autorzy:
    Megahed, Mohamed
    Vymazalová, Hana
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2180004.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Kultur Śródziemnomorskich i Orientalnych PAN
    Tematy:
    Old Kingdom Egypt
    Saqqara
    pyramid
    Djedkare
    Setibhor
    burial chamber
    serdab
    Opis:
    This paper aims to present the preliminary results of the 2021 season of the Djedkare Project mission (DJP), which is dedicated to the exploration and documentation of Djedkare’s royal cemetery at south Saqqara. The main focus of the article is the queen’s pyramid, situated to the north-east of the king’s pyramid and to the north of his funerary temple. The 2018 exploration of the area between the king’s temple and the queen’s pyramid not only revealed the name of the owner, Setibhor, but it also confirmed that the two pyramid complexes were not architecturally connected, as previously presumed, and that further work is needed to clarify the plan of the queen’s monument. In 2021, the investigations focused on the pyramid of the queen; its substructure had never been entered and documented in the modern period. Cleaning the substructure resulted in a detailed documentation of its inner rooms. It used to be accessed through a descending and horizontal corridor and it comprised a burial chamber and a so-called serdab. The innovated layout of Setibhor’s pyramid substructure apparently inspired later queens, who continued to follow this pattern in their monuments during the Sixth Dynasty.
    Źródło:
    Études et Travaux (Institut des Cultures Méditerranéennes et Orientales de l’Académie Polonaise des Sciences); 2022, 35; 103-117
    2084-6762
    2449-9579
    Pojawia się w:
    Études et Travaux (Institut des Cultures Méditerranéennes et Orientales de l’Académie Polonaise des Sciences)
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Contexts of Appearance of Water in the Pyramid Texts An Introduction
    Autorzy:
    Popielska-Grzybowska, Joanna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/484209.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Kultur Śródziemnomorskich i Orientalnych PAN
    Tematy:
    Old Kingdom Egypt
    Pyramid Texts
    water
    religion
    primordial element
    rejuvenation
    Opis:
    The author collected in her paper introductory remarks concerning the occurrences of water in the Pyramid Texts. The article outlines main issues which appear to be assumed by the ancient Egyptians the most vivid while thinking about water and its role in Egyptian religion of the Old Kingdom. In the world oldest religious texts it may be evenly observed that water was a way to travel both on Earth and in the sky as well as to transport goods in both realities. The above-mentioned and the ways of transport confirm watery nature of the hereafter. Water could have both good as well as bad, involving peril, connotations. Furthermore, it appears – that water was perceived as a sacralised sphere, the one of primordial value. However, in the Pyramid Texts more emphasis was put on its purifying and rejuvenating qualities.
    Źródło:
    Études et Travaux (Institut des Cultures Méditerranéennes et Orientales de l’Académie Polonaise des Sciences); 2016, 29; 157-167
    2084-6762
    2449-9579
    Pojawia się w:
    Études et Travaux (Institut des Cultures Méditerranéennes et Orientales de l’Académie Polonaise des Sciences)
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Tomb of Ikhi/Mery in Saqqara and Royal Expeditions during the Sixth Dynasty
    Autorzy:
    Kuraszkiewicz, Kamil O.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/484142.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Kultur Śródziemnomorskich i Orientalnych PAN
    Tematy:
    funerary architecture
    Ikhi/Mery
    Saqqara
    Memphite necropolis
    Old Kingdom Egypt
    Opis:
    New data concerning an Old Kingdom official responsible for foreign expeditions are analysed in the paper. Textual evidence found in 2012 in the tomb of Ikhi/Mery in Saqqara provides a basis for more precise dating of the professional activity of the tomb owner, but also gives an insight into some aspects of functioning of the bureaucracy during the late Old Kingdom. Last but not least the architecture of the tomb, that is unusual in many respects, is discussed.
    Źródło:
    Études et Travaux (Institut des Cultures Méditerranéennes et Orientales de l’Académie Polonaise des Sciences); 2014, 27; 201-216
    2084-6762
    2449-9579
    Pojawia się w:
    Études et Travaux (Institut des Cultures Méditerranéennes et Orientales de l’Académie Polonaise des Sciences)
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Unknown Ancient Funerary Structures Discovered in West Saqqara (Egypt) Using Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR)
    Autorzy:
    Welc, Fabian
    Mieszkowski, Radosław
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/484148.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Kultur Śródziemnomorskich i Orientalnych PAN
    Tematy:
    ground-penetrating radar (GPR)
    funerary architecture
    Saqqara
    Old Kingdom Egypt
    Opis:
    The ground-penetrating radar (GPR) survey conducted in the south-eastern part of the Polish archaeological concession in West Saqqara confirmed the high usability of the GPR method in non-invasive prospecting of desert archaeological sites. The survey has allowed to confirm the location of one and the discovery of two so far unknown funerary structures characterized by significantly large dimensions. Analysis of the reflection profiles allow to conclude that these anomalies are generated by rock-hewn burial shafts. Only one of these tombs can be dated with high confidence to the end of the Old Kingdom. Precise determination of the chronology of the two other structures is not possible without archaeological verification.
    Źródło:
    Études et Travaux (Institut des Cultures Méditerranéennes et Orientales de l’Académie Polonaise des Sciences); 2015, 28; 201-215
    2084-6762
    2449-9579
    Pojawia się w:
    Études et Travaux (Institut des Cultures Méditerranéennes et Orientales de l’Académie Polonaise des Sciences)
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Kulturowe przyczyny rozwoju i upadku Sumeru oraz Starego Państwa egipskiego
    The Cultural Causes of the Rise and Fall of Sumer and the Egyptian Old Kingdom
    Autorzy:
    Rymar, Dariusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/420667.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Ignatianum w Krakowie
    Tematy:
    mit
    pamięć społeczna
    propaganda
    rozwój
    kryzys
    myth
    social memory
    development
    crisis
    Opis:
    CEL NAUKOWY: Głównym celem artykułu jest poszerzenie optyki hermeneutycznej, poprzez uwzględnienie procesów zachodzących w kulturach wczesnopiśmiennych. Realizacja tego zamierzenia umożliwia uzyskanie pełniejszej – niż dotąd – odpowiedzi na pytanie: jakie cechy kultury sprzyjają integracji społecznej, a które są kryzysogenne? Analizy przedstawione w artykule służą wyznaczeniu pola badań określających cechy uprawnionych interpretacji procesów społecznych. PROBLEM I METODY BADAWCZE: W artykule poruszany jest problem zasadności opisów kultur wczesnohistorycznych, których kontekst społeczny jest fragmentaryczny a opisy pochodzące z epoki są silnie zabarwione mitologią. Wykorzystano podstawowe metody filozoficzne: analiza porównawcza i metafilozoficzna, połączona z hermeneutyką i elementami dialektyki filozoficznej.  PROCES WYWODU: Artykuł rozpoczyna się szkicem przedstawiającym etapy poprzedzające powstanie pierwszych kultur historycznych; szeroka perspektywa opisu, ukazuje pełniejszy sens pierwszych znanych narracji, w których istotnym motywem jest odpowiedź na pytania o źródła człowieczego świata. Analizowane są wybrane treści literatury Egiptu i Sumeru; wskazane zostały istotne podobieństwa i różnice obydwu kultur, omówiona  została rola realizacji wielkich zespołów architektonicznych dla procesów społecznych.  WYNIKI ANALIZY NAUKOWEJ: Analiza porównawcza Starego Państwa w Egipcie oraz Sumeru, umożliwiła uchwycenie  procesów kulturotwórczych w społeczeństwach o niskim poziomie czytelnictwa. Określenie cech przekazu religijnego o wysokim udziale metamorficznego myślenia– jest raczej poprawne; natomiast całe wyrażenie może łatwiej byłoby zastąpić - Charakterystyka cech przekazu religijnego o wysokim stopniu metamorficznego myślenia . Analiza zarazem wskazała ograniczone możliwości zrozumienia społeczeństw przedfilozoficznych ukształtowanych w innych  kontekstach. WNIOSKI, INNOWACJE, REKOMENDACJE: Analiza porównawcza pozwoliła wskazać celowość dalszych prac badawczych, ujawniając braki w dotychczasowych opracowaniach perspektyw z zakresu filozofii religii, psychologii społecznej czy teorii twórczości; pozwoliła wstępnie dookreślić postulat Piotra Steinkellera badania kultur „na ich własnych warunkach”; na poziomie ogólnym pozwoliła zarysować obszar badawczy, który może dostarczyć nowych argumentów wyjaśniających przyczyny wyhamowania tempa rozwoju kultur wczesnopiśmiennych, a także dookreślić ogólne hipotezy odnośnie tych cech społeczno-kulturowych, które stymulują przyspieszenie tempa rozwoju oraz tych, które go utrudniają, generując sytuacje kryzysowe.
    CEL NAUKOWY: Głównym celem artykułu jest poszerzenie optyki hermeneutycznej poprzez uwzględnienie procesów zachodzących w kulturach wczesnopiśmiennych. Realizacja tego zamierzenia umożliwia uzyskanie pełniejszej – niż dotąd – odpowiedzi na pytanie: które cechy kultury sprzyjają integracji społecznej, a które są kryzysogenne? PROBLEM I METODY BADAWCZE: W artykule poruszany jest problem zasadności opisów kultur wczesnohistorycznych, których kontekst społeczny jest fragmentaryczny, a opisy pochodzące z epoki są silnie zabarwione mitologią. Wykorzystano podstawowe metody filozoficzne: analizę porównawczą i metafilozoficzną, połączoną z hermeneutyką i elementami dialektyki filozoficznej. PROCES WYWODU: Artykuł rozpoczyna się szkicem przedstawiającym etapy poprzedzające powstanie pierwszych kultur historycznych; szeroka perspektywa opisu ukazuje pełniejszy sens pierwszych znanych narracji, w których istotnym motywem jest odpowiedź na pytania o źródła człowieczego świata. Analizowane są wybrane treści literatury Egiptu i Sumeru; wskazane zostały istotne podobieństwa i różnice obydwu kultur, omówiona została rola realizacji wielkich zespołów architektonicznych dla procesów społecznych. Analiza struktur instytucjonalnych Egiptu i Sumeru pozwoliła przejść do uogólnionych konkluzji odnośnie do przyczyn poważnych kryzysów i sposobów ich przezwyciężenia. WYNIKI ANALIZY NAUKOWEJ: Analiza porównawcza Starego Państwa w Egipcie oraz Sumeru umożliwiła uchwycenie procesów kulturotwórczych w społeczeństwach o niskim poziomie czytelnictwa. Charakterystyka cech przekazu religijnego o wysokim stopniu metamorficznego myślenia pozwoliła ukazać najważniejsze błędy interpretacji opierających się na kryteriach współczesnego pragmatyzmu. WNIOSKI, INNOWACJE, REKOMENDACJE: Analiza porównawcza pozwoliła wskazać celowość dalszych prac badawczych, ujawniając braki w dotychczasowych opracowaniach perspektyw z zakresu filozofii religii, psychologii społecznej czy teorii twórczości; wstępnie dookreśliła postulat Piotra Steinkellera badania kultur „na ich własnych warunkach”; na poziomie ogólnym pomogła zarysować obszar badawczy, który może dostarczyć nowych argumentów wyjaśniających przyczyny wyhamowania tempa rozwoju kultur wczesnopiśmiennych, a także wskazać ogólne hipotezy dotyczące tych cech społeczno-kulturowych, które stymulują przyspieszenie tempa rozwoju, oraz tych, które go utrudniają, generując sytuacje kryzysowe. Analizy przedstawione w artykule można interpolować na badania współczesnych procesów społecznych, osłabiając dogmatyczne tendencje oparte na schematach interpretacyjnych.
    Źródło:
    Horyzonty Polityki; 2019, 10, 32; 47-69
    2082-5897
    Pojawia się w:
    Horyzonty Polityki
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ wody na egipską architekturę grobową: przypadek grobowców prywatnych z czasów Starego Państwa
    Autorzy:
    Kuraszkiewicz, Kamil
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2142061.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Katedra Języków i Kultur Afryki. Polskie Towarzystwo Afrykanistyczne
    Tematy:
    Egypt
    Saqqara
    Old Kingdom
    Pyramid Age
    funerary architecture
    tombs
    climate changes
    rainfalls
    Opis:
    The evidence found on the cemetery of palace officials west of the Step Pyramid complex in Saqqara indicates that ancient Egyptian tomb builders reacted to climate changes that occurred toward the end of the Old Kingdom (related to the 4.2 ka event) by introducing specific, innovative measures solutions to minimize a negative impact of rainfalls on the non-royal funerary cults. The solutions designed to protect the burial places and to re-activate offering places damaged by water are presented.
    Źródło:
    Afryka; 2021, 51/52; 31-50
    1234-0278
    Pojawia się w:
    Afryka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Square Grids in the Tomb of Akhethotep – Questions and Doubts
    Autorzy:
    Radtke, Krzysztof
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1181982.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Kultur Śródziemnomorskich i Orientalnych PAN
    Tematy:
    reliefs
    human proportion in art
    hypothetical square grid
    guidelines
    Akhethotep
    Old Kingdom Egypt
    Opis:
    The proportions of the human figure in Egyptian art were determined on the basis of simple and rarely changing rules. The oldest preserved guidelines used for this purpose come from the times of the Fifth Dynasty, and the square grids from the mid-Twelfth Dynasty. The objective of this article is to interpret the guidelines from the chapel of vizier Akhethotep, dated to the Fifth Dynasty, and answer the following questions: when were they made and what rules were used to determine the proportions of the vizier’s body? To do this, the author proposes employment of a measuring method which uses square grids as the main tool and the smallest element of the grid, that is, the square module as the basic measurement unit.
    Źródło:
    Études et Travaux (Institut des Cultures Méditerranéennes et Orientales de l’Académie Polonaise des Sciences); 2020, 33; 163-178
    2084-6762
    2449-9579
    Pojawia się w:
    Études et Travaux (Institut des Cultures Méditerranéennes et Orientales de l’Académie Polonaise des Sciences)
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Tell el-Murra (Northeastern Nile Delta Survey). Seasons 2012–2013
    Autorzy:
    Jucha, Mariusz A.
    Bąk-Pryc, Grzegorz
    Małecka-Drozd, Natalia
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1729163.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
    Tematy:
    Tell el-Murra
    Egypt
    Nile Delta
    Predynastic
    Early Dynastic
    Old Kingdom
    cemetery
    settlement
    Opis:
    Excavations of the site of Tell el-Murra in the northeastern part of the Nile Delta in 2012 and 2013, following up on surveys in 2008 and in 2010–2011, uncovered settlement structures from the Old Kingdom in the northeastern part of the site (trench T5). Excavations in the adjacent cemetery (trench S3) cleared more graves, which were dated to the Early Dynastic period based on pottery and stone vessel evidence.
    Źródło:
    Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean; 2015, 24(1); 199-214
    1234-5415
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Old and Middle Kingdom Tradition in the Temple of Hatshepsut at Deir el-Bahari
    Autorzy:
    Ćwiek, Andrzej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/484150.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Kultur Śródziemnomorskich i Orientalnych PAN
    Tematy:
    iconography
    architecture
    temple of Hatshepsut
    Old Kingdom Egypt
    Middle Kingdom Egypt
    New Kingdom Egypt
    Opis:
    The temple of Hatshepsut at Deir el-Bahari, although a unique and innovative monument, is firmly settled in the earlier tradition. Its architecture, relief decoration, statuary program and texts, bear direct or indirect references to the past. The Old and Middle Kingdom ideas, patterns and motifs may be traced on various levels, in the overall structure as well as in details. Sometimes the direct source of a feature may be pointed out; in most cases one can at least set forth an inspiration source in the architecture and decoration programme of the royal mortuary complexes, royal texts or iconography. The Deir el-Bahari case should be seen against the wider background of Hatshepsut’s activities, referring to the great periods and achievements of her illustrious ancestors: Memphite and Theban traditions joined thus in a masterly way formed a new, firm base for her rule.
    Źródło:
    Études et Travaux (Institut des Cultures Méditerranéennes et Orientales de l’Académie Polonaise des Sciences); 2014, 27; 61-93
    2084-6762
    2449-9579
    Pojawia się w:
    Études et Travaux (Institut des Cultures Méditerranéennes et Orientales de l’Académie Polonaise des Sciences)
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Polish archaeological survey in the north-eastern part of the Nile Delta (season 2010) – the pottery from Tell el-Murra and Tell Abu el-Halyat
    Autorzy:
    Jucha, Mariusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/442424.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Instytut Archeologii
    Tematy:
    Tell el-Murra
    Tell Abu el-Halyat
    Nile Delta
    Naqada III
    Old Kingdom
    Opis:
    The recent research in the North-Eastern Nile Delta proves that a great quantity of sites existed here during Naqada III period. These sites undoubtedly played an important role both in the developing contacts between Egypt and Canaan, as well as in the processes which led to the formation of the Egyptian state. Further data concerning the Naqada III settlements in the Nile Delta have been obtained recently, during the Polish Archaeological Survey in Ash-Sharqiyyah Governorate. Most of the work in 2010 concentrated at Tell el-Murra and Tell Abu el-Halyat and this article focuses on the pottery found at these two sites. The occurrence of potsherds dated to the Protodynastic, Early Dynastic and Old Kingdom periods at Tell el-Murra points at the fact that the latest occupation at that site should be dated to the latter. Moreover, potsherds were also found decorated with a zig-zag pattern, which are quite characteristic of the Predynastic-Lower Egyptian Culture. Most of the pottery from Tell Abu el-Halyat is dated to the Early Dynastic period, but the occurrence of several fragments which could belong both to the earlier and later forms may indicate that it was probably inhabited also during the Protodynastic as well as Old Kingdom (?) periods.
    Źródło:
    Recherches Archéologiques Nouvelle Serie; 2011, 3; 179-194
    0137-3285
    Pojawia się w:
    Recherches Archéologiques Nouvelle Serie
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Tell el-Murra (Northeastern Nile Delta Survey): preliminary report on research in 2014 and 2015
    Autorzy:
    Jucha, Mariusz A.
    Bąk-Pryc, Grzegorz
    Małecka-Drozd, Natalia
    Kazimierczak, Magdalena
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1683807.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018-07-09
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
    Tematy:
    Tell el-Murra
    Egypt
    Nile Delta
    Predynastic
    Early Dynastic
    Old Kingdom
    cemetery
    settlement
    Opis:
    The paper deals with the results of excavation in 2014 and 2015 at the Tell el-Murra site in the northeastern part of the Nile Delta. The investigations covered a settlement mostly from the Old Kingdom period found in trench T5; more specifically, the investigated features seem primarily connected with food production. Settlement remains from the Naqada III–possibly Early Dynastic and Protodynastic(?) periods were also explored in trench S3B. Continued research on the Early Dynastic cemetery in trench S3 yielded 16 more graves, including simple pit burials and chamber graves. In several cases bodies had been placed in pottery coffins. The presence of several mud-brick walls, possibly associated with older settlement structures, was also confirmed within the lattermost trench. Altogether the research provided new data on the settlement architecture, site development processes and burial customs invoked in the beginnings of the Egyptian state.
    Źródło:
    Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean; 2017, 26(1); 137-160
    1234-5415
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Donkeys in the Old and Middle Kingdoms According to the Representations and Livestock Counts from Private Tombs
    Autorzy:
    Lashien, Miral
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1181974.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Kultur Śródziemnomorskich i Orientalnych PAN
    Tematy:
    donkey
    Old Kingdom Egypt
    Middle Kingdom Egypt
    livestock count
    Meir
    Beni Hassan
    Somali wild ass
    Opis:
    The Egyptian artist in the Old and Middle Kingdoms showed great interest in representing the details of the physical characteristics and behaviour of various animals surrounding him in the Egyptian environment. However, donkeys seem to have received less attention from the artist than other animals. The paper examines the representations of donkeys in the wall scenes of the Old and Middle Kingdom tombs, and analyses the changing interest in reflecting this animal’s physical traits and behaviour. Finally, studying the role of donkeys in the so-called livestock counts allows us to better understand the phenomenon which is observed in the iconographic sources from the period under investigation.
    Źródło:
    Études et Travaux (Institut des Cultures Méditerranéennes et Orientales de l’Académie Polonaise des Sciences); 2020, 33; 121-137
    2084-6762
    2449-9579
    Pojawia się w:
    Études et Travaux (Institut des Cultures Méditerranéennes et Orientales de l’Académie Polonaise des Sciences)
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Saqqara: season 2017
    Autorzy:
    Kuraszkiewicz, Kamil O.
    Ciszewska-Woźniak, Iwona
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1682064.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-05-14
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
    Tematy:
    West Saqqara
    Old Kingdom
    Upper Necropolis
    Dry Moat
    Step Pyramid
    Ikhi/Mery
    rock-hewn tombs
    burial shafts
    Fifth Dynasty
    Opis:
    The western bank of the Dry Moat continued to be the main target of investigations in the 2017 field season, uncovering another section of the Upper Necropolis in front of Chapel 13 and exploring the burial chamber of Chapel 32 situated below that of Ikhi/Mery. The latter work resulted in the discovery of an intact burial of an anonymous Fifth Dynasty official. Conservation work remained an important part of the program.
    Źródło:
    Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean; 2018, 27(1); 169-181
    1234-5415
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Egipt w czasach Abrahama i patriarchów
    Autorzy:
    Jurczak, Damian
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/578727.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Opolski. Redakcja Wydawnictw Wydziału Teologicznego
    Tematy:
    Egipt
    patriarchowie
    Abraham
    Księga Rodzaju
    Stare Państwo
    Średnie Państwo
    bogowie egipscy
    Egypt
    the patriarchs
    Genesis
    Old Kingdom
    Middle Kingdom
    Egyptian gods
    Opis:
    The aim of the article is to bring up the picture of Egypt back in the days of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. The first part of the article is discussing non-biblical sources, as well as archaeological discoveries. In this way we’ll be able to have a quick glance at the ancienthistory of Egypt – the Old and Middle Kingdom to outline the epoch in which it is likely that Abraham, the biblical patriarch, appeared. The second part of the article will present you an image of the old, patriarch-driven Egypt. We want to look at the details provided by the Book of Genesis.
    Celem artykułu jest przybliżenie sytuacji Egiptu w czasach Abrahama, Izaaka i Jakuba. Pierwsza część artykułu poświęcona jest omówieniu źródeł ozabiblijnych, a także odkryć archeologicznych. W ten sposób krótko spojrzymy na historię Egiptu – Starego i Średniego Państwa, żeby zarysować tło epoki, w której prawdopodobnie w Egipcie pojawił się biblijny Patriarcha – Abraham. Natomiast w drugiej części tego artykułu przybliżymy biblijny obraz Egiptu z czasów patriarchów. Przyjrzeć się chcemy, co na temat Egiptu znajdziemy w Księdze Rodzaju.
    Źródło:
    Scriptura Sacra; 2015, 19; 9-29
    1428-7218
    Pojawia się w:
    Scriptura Sacra
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Saqqara: research 2018
    Autorzy:
    Kuraszkiewicz, Kamil O.
    Dąbrowska, Urszula
    Napierała, Anna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1634173.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
    Tematy:
    West Saqqara
    Old Kingdom
    Lower Necropolis
    Third Dynasty
    Netjerykhet
    Djoser
    Dry Moat
    Step Pyramid
    rock-hewn tombs
    Upper Necropolis
    mummies
    Opis:
    The paper presents the exploration of the eastern bank of the Dry Moat by a team from the University of Warsaw, extending further south from the section unearthed in 2001. The team also uncovered a previously unknown Old Kingdom funerary complex in the area south of the tomb of Merefnebef. Burials of the Upper Necropolis were found in both sectors. Field conservation, an important part of the program, is discussed in the appendix.
    Źródło:
    Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean; 2019, 28(2); 141-156
    1234-5415
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Saqqara: research 2020
    Autorzy:
    Kuraszkiewicz, Kamil O.
    Godziejewski, Zbigniew
    Kozieradzka-Ogunmakin, Iwona
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1632776.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-12-19
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
    Tematy:
    West Saqqara
    Old Kingdom
    Lower Necropolis
    Third Dynasty
    Netjerykhet
    Djoser
    Dry Moat
    Step Pyramid
    rock-hewn tombs
    Upper Necropolis
    mummies
    Opis:
    Fieldwork of the Polish–Egyptian Mission to Saqqara in the 2020 season continued on the eastern bank of the Dry Moat, resulting in the discovery of a rock-cut structure directly south of Corridor 1. Fieldwork also included exploration of a rock-cut chapel adjacent to the tomb of Merefnebef, part of the Sixth Dynasty funerary complex located south of the tomb. Both areas yielded new burials belonging to the so-called Upper Necropolis, which overlies the remains of late Old Kingdom funerary structures. Conservation work constituted an important part of the 2020 fieldwork program.
    Źródło:
    Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean; 2020, 29(2); 83-109
    1234-5415
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Saqqara 2012: the pottery
    Autorzy:
    Rzeuska, Teodozja I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1728880.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
    Tematy:
    Saqqara
    necropolis
    pottery
    child burial grave goods
    Old Kingdom
    Marl C fabric
    Late Period
    Ptolemaic period
    Greek amphorae
    EB III Combed Ware
    Opis:
    The pottery analyzed this season was associated with the Lower Necropolis (areas of Chapel 14 of Ikhi/Mery and Chapel 13) from the late Old Kingdom as well as the Upper Necropolis from the Late through Roman periods, extant in this region. The assemblage from the Lower Necropolis supplemented the little known ceramic repertoire from the Saqqara phase II (Pepi I–Merenre). Of interest is a type of miniature vessel possibly connected with child burials. As for pottery from the Upper Necropolis, the form repertoire indicates that the area currently explored was the site of simple embalming caches.
    Źródło:
    Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean; 2015, 24(1); 230-238
    1234-5415
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Saqqara: seasons 2012 and 2013/2014/ Appendix: Conservation work in Saqqara (2012 and 2014)
    Autorzy:
    Myśliwiec, Karol
    Godziejewski, Zbigniew
    Dąbrowska, Urszula
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1729268.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
    Tematy:
    West Saqqara
    Old Kingdom
    Ptolemaic period
    Dry Moat
    Step Pyramid
    Ikhi/Mery
    rock-hewn tombs
    burial shafts
    burials of children
    false door
    Opis:
    After having finished the excavation in a zone located west of the Step Pyramid and spanning the area between the pyramid enclosure wall and the eastern border of the Dry Moat, the Polish–Egyptian mission started a new project aiming at a complex investigation of the Dry Moat. A geophysical survey of the area and excavations during these two campaigns focused on the east and west rock-hewn walls of the Moat, thus completing earlier research done in this part of the excavation field. A further part of the Upper Necropolis, containing simple burials from the Ptolemaic period, was unearthed and the exploration of the tomb inscribed for Ikhi/Mery and his namesake son was continued. Clearing the facade of the latter led to the discovery of another funerary structure cut in the rock below the general’s tomb. The floor of the upper tomb turned out to be the ceiling of the lower one. Preparations for the exploration of the new structure were made in 2014.
    Źródło:
    Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean; 2015, 24(1); 215-229
    1234-5415
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The first fall of the Pharaonic state
    Autorzy:
    Myśliwiec, Karol
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/703634.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    Pharaonic state
    disintegration of the Egyptian state
    Old Kingdom
    pyramid
    mastaba
    dynasties of noblemen
    Polish atcheologists in Saqqara
    tombs of Merefnebef and Nyankh-Nefertem
    Meresis-sons of Ny-ankh-Nefertem, graphic jokes of Egyptian sculptors
    h
    Opis:
    Pharaonic Egypt blossomed during three periods called Old-, Middle- and New Kingdom. The first of these (ca. 2650-2150 B.C.) was the time when the greatest pyramids, tombs of subsequent pharaohs, were built. This was possible thanks to a perfect organization of the country’s hierarchic administration. With time, systematically growing dynasties of noblemen became so powerful that they could compete with subsequent Kings. This led to political and social conflicts that became particularly dramatic in the times of Old Kingdom’s last (5th and 6th) dynasties. Many symptoms of progressing disintegration of the Egyptian state have been recorded in the tombs of 6th Dynasty noblemen discovered recently by Polish archaeologists in Saqqara, west of the pyramid of Djoser. The article summarizes these discoveries with respect to the country’s political, social and moral decline, which finished with the first collapse of cental power.
    Źródło:
    Nauka; 2009, 4
    1231-8515
    Pojawia się w:
    Nauka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Decorated burial chamber of Meru (TT 240) at North Asasif: some remarks on the layout
    Autorzy:
    Stupko-Lubczyńska, Anastasiia
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1632551.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-12-19
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
    Tematy:
    Theban Necropolis
    North Asasif
    Old Kingdom
    Middle Kingdom
    Sixth Dynasty
    Eleventh Dynasty
    Mentuhotep II Nebhepetra
    burial chamber
    sarcophagus
    coffin
    decoration
    offering list
    false door
    object frieze
    Pyramid Texts
    “seven sacred oils”
    glorification/resurrection/departure spells/texts (sAxw)
    Opis:
    The paper offers some preliminary considerations concerning the distribution, composition, and orientation of the elements comprising the decoration of the burial chamber of Meru, TT 240. The tomb, situated within the North Asasif slope, dates to the last phase of the reign of Mentuhotep II Nebhepetra. The repertoire of the decorative elements found in Meru’s burial chamber may be traced back to the Old Kingdom, while some peculiarities in their distribution and orientation seem to be a consequence of introduction of the Pyramid Texts, a post-Old Kingdom novelty in the decoration of a non-royal burial space.
    Źródło:
    Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean; 2020, 29(2); 207-219
    1234-5415
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Królestwo Mannaj i staroaramejska inskrypcja z Tepe Kalajczi
    The Mannaean Kingdom and the Old Aramaic Inscription from Tepe Qalaichi
    Autorzy:
    Lipiński, Edward
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1051357.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-11-24
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
    Tematy:
    Mannay
    Tepe Qalaichi
    curses
    biblical parallels
    Israel diaspora in Assyria
    Opis:
    It was first heard of a Mannaean kingdom from the Bible, in Jer. 51:27, andmore information became available only in the 19th-20th centuries with the publication of Neo-Assyrian and Urartaean tablets. An important piece coming from the kingdom itself was added to our sources by the publication of an Old Aramaic inscription from Tepe Qalaichi, south-east of Lake Urmia, probably the site of the Mannaean capital city, the Assyrianized name of which was Izirtu. The stele discovered in 1985 only preserves the final part of a longer text with imprecations against any king usurping the stele. Among the curses one finds an interesting reference to earthquakes. The rectified decipherment provides a running text, datable by palaeography to the later part of the 8th century B.C.:1) ‘Whoever would drag away this stele [and withhold it]2) in war or in peace, any kind of pestilence, [as]3) much as there is on the whole earth, may the gods impose on the [coun]try4) of that king. And may he be accursed to the gods and may he be accursed5) to Ḫaldi who is in Za‘ter. May seven cows6) nurse one calf and may it not be satiated. And may seven7) women bake in one oven and may they not fill8) it. And may vanish from his country the smoke of a furnace and the sound of9) a mill. And may his land be salted and may sway back and forth10) in it the crack of an earthquake. And that king who would [write]11) on this stele, may Hadad overturn his throne,12) as well as Ḫaldi. And during seven years may Hadad not send thunder13) in his country and may the entire curse of this stele smite him.’These curses contain no reference to encroachments of treaty clauses and they certainly cannot be regarded as the final section of a treaty. They rather close a eulogy of the ruling monarch, comparable to the Phoenician inscription of Kulamuwa. However, they seem to reveal a situation disturbed by internal competitions in the Mannaean kingdom, echoed in Neo-Assyrian texts of Sargon II. The oracle of Jer. 51:27 ff. has another background. It seems to have been originally directed against Assyria and to date from the time of Esarhaddon, when the Mannaeans with Urartu, the Scyths, and the Medes were opposing Assyria.
    Źródło:
    The Biblical Annals; 2015, 5, 2; 307-318
    2083-2222
    2451-2168
    Pojawia się w:
    The Biblical Annals
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Mapy leśnictw Królestwa Polskiego z lat 1816-1818
    Maps of the forest ranges in the Kingdom of Poland in years 1816-1818
    Autorzy:
    Olenderek, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/980298.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    historia
    mapy lesne
    lesnictwa
    Krolestwo Polskie
    lata 1816-1818
    forest cartography
    ludwik plater
    old forest maps
    kingdom of poland
    Opis:
    This article describes how the first forest maps in the Congress Kingdom of Poland were prepared and used. The source materials include the decisions of the governing authorities, special instructions for the forest surveyors, and original letters and reports related to the implementation of particular regulations. The principal cartographic materials consist of 22 surviving forestry area maps contained in the collections of the Central Archives of Historical Records in Warsaw. The following elements were studied: title text of the maps, their mathematical foundations, the scope of their content, their graphics and supplementary tables. The principles of forest cartography, as clearly set out in the documents, were implemented effectively in practice. Great credit for this goes to the chief organiser of the whole operation, Ludwik Plater, the general director of the State Forests. Thanks to his efforts, the Polish forestry system already had valuable thematic maps at its disposal in the 1810s. Together, they probably covered the entire area of the Kingdom. In the creation of the maps, a variety of Prussian and Austrian cartographic materials from the beginning of the 19th century was applied. The scale of the analysed maps was around 1:66 700. They were not required to meet high standards of geometrical accuracy – they were made hurriedly, during tours of forestry administrative areas. The rules for their editing were stated somewhat perfunctorily in the instructions, and consequently there were certain differences between maps in terms of content and graphical appearance. The main element of the maps’ content was the extent of the state forests and their division into regions and subregions. A significant novelty was the use of a uniform green colour to denote forest – previously pictorial symbols in the shape of trees had frequently been used. Another important element was the marking of the boundaries of areas of forest designated for felling. These were drawn every year in red. Other objects shown included foresters’ lodges, certain rivers, roads, and neighbouring villages and towns. The contemporary importance of these maps is variable, and depends primarily on the range of content given in the tables. Some of the maps dated 1818 contain only information on the assignment of forests to administrative areas or regions, and their surface areas. Maps from 1816−1817 also contain, among other things, information about tree species and forest types. In short, there is no doubt that ‘Plater’s cartography' was a short, but important, stage in the development of the forest cartography.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2019, 163, 01; 62-70
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Teaching of Pre-Existing National Polish Law in the New Kingdom of Poland
    Nauczanie dawnego prawa polskiego w Królestwie Polskim
    Autorzy:
    Wiśniewska, Dorota
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2120460.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-06-30
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    Królestwo Polskie
    dawne prawo polskie
    nauczanie
    studia prawnicze
    szkoły wyższe
    The Kingdom of Poland
    the old Polish law
    Polish law teaching
    law studies
    higher schools
    Opis:
    The changes in the social and economic system taking place in the Kingdom of Poland prompted the need for legal education at the university level. The functioning of universities dealing with teaching in this area, however, met various obstacles, mainly due to the reluctance of the central authorities of the Russian Empire. At the universities established in the following years, the aim was not only to prepare future lawyers in practice, but also to implement a broader model of education. Therefore, among other fields, the old Polish law was tutored, which gradually ceased to be binding, and finally became a historical law.
    Zachodzące w Królestwie Polskim zmiany w systemie społecznym i gospodarczym rodziły potrzebę kształcenia prawniczego na poziomie uniwersyteckim. Funkcjonowanie uczelni wyższych, które zajmowałyby się nauczaniem w tym obszarze, napotykało jednak liczne trudności, przede wszystkim wynikające z niechęci centralnych władz Cesarstwa Rosyjskiego. Na uczelniach tworzonych pomimo tego w kolejnych latach, dążono nie tylko do przygotowania praktycznego przyszłych prawników, ale starano się realizować szerszy model kształcenia. W związku z tym wykładano między innymi dawne prawo polskie, które z biegiem czasu przestawało być prawem obowiązującym, a stawało się prawem historycznym.
    Źródło:
    Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Iuridica; 2022, 99; 173-181
    0208-6069
    2450-2782
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Iuridica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The creation of the state: The fate of old institutions of political power and the creation of new ones in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes from 1918-1923
    Autorzy:
    Grgić, Stipica
    Hrstić, Ivan
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20312191.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
    Tematy:
    Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes
    history of institutions
    development of state administration
    centralisation
    Opis:
    In the first years of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, the foundations were laid for a political crisis that later marked its entire existence until its collapse at the outset of World War II. One of the basic causes for this situation was the centralist policy implemented by the dominant political actors, despite the complexities and heterogeneity of the new state. This study analyses the direction and tempo with which this centralist system was built from 1918 to 1923, with a focus on the western regions which had been a part of the Austro‑Hungarian Empire until 1918, and whose political representatives most strongly opposed centralisation.
    Źródło:
    Historyka studia metodologiczne; 2022, 52; 185-203
    0073-277X
    Pojawia się w:
    Historyka studia metodologiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Mapy leśne Królestwa Polskiego w zasobach Archiwum Głównego Akt Dawnych w Warszawie
    Forest maps of the Polish Kingdom in the Central Archives of Historical Records in Warsaw
    Autorzy:
    Olenderek, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985908.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    historia
    Krolestwo Polskie
    mapy lesne
    zbiory archiwalne
    Archiwum Glowne Akt Dawnych w Warszawie
    forest cartography
    old forest maps
    polish kingdom
    Opis:
    This article examines the history of forest cartography in Poland. It describes the results of two years of research carried out by the author at the Central Archives of Historical Records in Warsaw. The aim of the work was to recognise the forest maps stored in the archives and to give their general description. An original procedure was developed for this purpose. Investigations were limited to the Cartographic Collection, which contains more than 15,000 maps, and the collection of Cartography Department Acquisitions consisting of more than 500 maps. Based on the inventory records and catalogue cards, 1356 items which might be forest maps were selected, and underwent detailed visual analysis. The majority of them (75%) were documented photographically. At the initial stage, 150 maps were rejected because of the formal reasons. The rest included 463 foreign−language maps: 207 in German (mainly from the 1796−1806 period); 242 in Russian (particularly from years 1868−1914; fig. 1), of which 180 showed areas in present−day Belarus; 13 in Latin (mostly from the 1795−1804 period); and one in French (dated 1810). The collection of Polish forest maps consisted of 743 items. The largest group (549 maps) depicted areas of the so−called Polish Kingdom, which existed in the years 1815−1914 (fig. 2). These maps were divided into eight main types. The number of produced maps decreased significantly after the January Uprising. The remaining 194 Polish forest maps cover areas in different regions, date from different periods or are undated. The proposed method enabled the effective attainment of the set objectives, and may be applied to work carried out at other state archives. The number of forest maps held at the Central Archives of Historical Records in Warsaw was found to be greater than the initial estimates. The collected documentation will enable the preparation of more detailed studies, devoted to: Polish forest maps for the area of the Polish Kingdom from the period of 1815−1914, German ones from years 1796−1806 and Russian ones from the period of 1865−1914. Analysis of the other designated groups will be possible once the collections would have been supplemented with items from other archives.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2018, 162, 05; 422-428
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Statute Organizing the Followers of the Law of the Old Testament in the Free City of Kraków and its Environs: Origins, History, Regulations
    Autorzy:
    Jakimyszyn, Anna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/638486.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
    Tematy:
    FREE CITY OF KRAKOW
    JEWISH COMMUNITIES
    KINGDOM OF POLAND
    RELIGIOUS STRUCTURE
    Opis:
    The year 1815 saw the emergence of a new State on the map of Europe - the Free City of Krakow, which, because of its affiliation to the small group of European Republics, was also referred to as the Republic of Krakow. The Free City of Krakow stretched along the left bank of the River Vistula, bordering to the west with the Kingdom of Prussia, to the north and east with the Kingdom of Poland and to the south with the Austrian Empire. Its total surface area was 1150 km2, which - apart from Krakow which became the capital - also contained three small private towns, Chrzanow, Nowa Gora and Trzebinia, as well as 244 villages
    Źródło:
    Scripta Judaica Cracoviensia; 2010, 8; 69-75
    2084-3925
    Pojawia się w:
    Scripta Judaica Cracoviensia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Społeczne inicjatywy na rzecz organizacji opieki socjalnej nad ludźmi starymi w Królestwie Polskim na przełomie XIX i XX wieku. Zarys problematyki
    Social initiatives for the organisation of social protection of the elderly in the Kingdom of Poland in the late 19th and the early 20th centuries: an outline of issues
    Autorzy:
    Bołdyrew, Aneta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/956625.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    social care
    old people’ homes
    self-help activity
    Kingdom of Poland
    Opis:
    Lack of a universal pension system in the Kingdom of Poland in the late 19th and the early 20th centuries was one of the factors contributing to the difficult situation of the elderly from non-elite social strata, particularly in the face of insufficient support of the families. The homeless, who often also suffered from diseases, were crippled and begged, found themselves in a particularly difficult situation, men and women alike. Organising institutional social protection and medical care for this group required instant action. The priority was to establish homes for old people and various types of residential homes. This was primarily handled by charities for which medical care and welfare of the elderly were among the most important areas of activity. Old people’s homes were also established by religious communities and individualsas well as institutions operating on a self-help basis.
    Źródło:
    Biuletyn Historii Wychowania; 2019, 41; 47-61
    1233-2224
    Pojawia się w:
    Biuletyn Historii Wychowania
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Świadectwa o dawnej Polsce w źródłach ormiańskich. Współczesna wzmianka o Unii Lubelskiej
    Mentions of the Late Medieval and Early Modern Kingdom of Poland in Armenian sources. Contemporary mention of Union of Lublin
    Autorzy:
    Mnatsakanyan, Piruz
    Rachuba, Andrzej
    Choińska-Mika, Jolanta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/chapters/16647999.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-12-23
    Wydawca:
    Archiwum Główne Akt Dawnych
    Tematy:
    Unia Lubelska
    Ormianie
    Ormianie polscy
    Armenian sources for history of Old Poland
    Kamyanets
    Chronicle
    Armenian community in Old Poland
    Union of Lublin
    Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
    Źródło:
    Unia Lubelska 1569 roku i unie w Europie Środkowo-Wschodniej; 235-258
    9788395630255
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    J. Łosowski, Dokumentacja w życiu chłopów w okresie staropolskim: Studium z dziejów kultury, Wydawnictwo Olech, Lublin 2013, 400 s.
    Janusz Łosowski, Documentation in the Lifes of Peasants in Old-Polish Period. Culture History Study, Olech Publishing House, Lublin 2013, 400 p.
    Autorzy:
    Fokt, Krzysztof
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/924105.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
    Tematy:
    documentation
    peasants
    legal culture
    The Crown of the Kingdom of Poland
    early modern period
    Opis:
    The reviewed book of Janusz Łosowski attempts to investigate the importance of written documentation in the life of peasants in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the 16th–18th centuries, especially in the lands of the Polish Crown, basing mostly on the sources concerning Lesser Poland (Małopolska). The study of Łosowski has been based upon extensive and thorough archive query, including very interesting groups of sources (some of them excerpted in the annexes). It attempts to deepen the knowledge of early modern legal culture and mentality of peasant societies.
    Źródło:
    Krakowskie Studia z Historii Państwa i Prawa; 2014, 7, 3; 541-544
    2084-4115
    2084-4131
    Pojawia się w:
    Krakowskie Studia z Historii Państwa i Prawa
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Chrzest w Kościele nubijskim – próba rekonstrukcji liturgii w świetle analizy baptysteriów i wschodnich tradycji chrześcijańskich
    Baptism in the Nubian Church – an attempt to reconstruct the liturgy in the light of the analysis baptisteries and Eastern Christian traditions
    Autorzy:
    Mich, Katarzyna Anna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/618171.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    Baptism
    liturgy
    Nubia
    Kingdom of Makuria
    baptisteries
    Selib
    Banganarti
    Old Dongola
    chrzest
    liturgia
    Makuria
    baptysteria
    Stara Dongola
    Opis:
    Although archaeological evidence shows that Christianity existed in Nubia before the official mission of evangelization of Byzantium, however, it did not then have a centralized form. The imperial missions Justinian and Theodora established the new faith, and in effect the Nubian Christianity began to erect monumental temples dedicated to the new God. On the basis of Nubian baptisteries, as well as contemporary baptismal liturgy in the East, the author attempt was made to reconstruct the baptismal liturgy in Nubia, primarily in the area of the kingdom of Makuria.
    Choć dowody archeologiczne wskazują, że chrześcijaństwo istniało w Nubii przed oficjalnymi misjami ewangelizacyjnymi z Bizancjum, to jednak nie miało ono jeszcze formy scentralizowanej. Misje cesarskie Justyniana i Teodory ugruntowały nową wiarę, a także spowodowały, że chrześcijaństwo nubijskie zaczęło wznosić monumentalne świątynie poświęcone nowemu Bogu. Na podstawie badań baptysteriów nubijskich, a także ówczesnych liturgii chrzcielnych na Wschodzie, podjęta została próba rekonstrukcji liturgii chrzcielnej w Nubii, przede wszystkim w rejonie dongolańskim, na terenach królestwa Makurii.  
    Źródło:
    Annales Missiologici Posnanienses; 2015, 20; 151-163
    1731-6170
    Pojawia się w:
    Annales Missiologici Posnanienses
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Komputerowa mikrosymulacja sieci krewniaczej a wzorce współmieszkania: rzecz o demograficznych uwarunkowaniach rodziny chłopskiej w okresie staropolskim
    A Computer Micro-Simulation of the Relative Network and the Patterns of Co-Habitation: on the Demographic Determinants of the Peasant Family in the Old-Polish Period
    Autorzy:
    Szołtysek, Mikołaj
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1367699.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
    Tematy:
    family
    household
    network of relatives
    peasants
    Crown (of the Kingdom of Poland)
    Lithuania
    Ukraine
    17th–18th centuries
    Opis:
    Resuming the threads that appeared in the book recently published Rethinking East-Central Europe: Family Systems and Co-Residence in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (Bern et al., Peter Lang, 2015) the author of this article presents the application of a computer micro-simulation of kin sets in the research on the demographic determinants of the structure of the residential family and the patterns of co-residence in the old-Polish era for the first time in the Polish literature. The first part of the article contains a review of the methods concerning the demographic determinants of the structure of the residential family and the patterns of co-habitation, and the essence of the experiment of demographic simulation, as well as some selected examples of its application in historical demography. For some time now this question has been widely discussed abroad (Laslett, Ruggles, Oeppen), but in the Polish literature there is no a single study dealing with that. The second part presents the source basis of the article; it is the database of the nominative censuses of 26,652 peasant households from the territories of the Crown, Lithuania and Ukraine from the end of the 18th century (CEURFAMFORM Database). The methodology of the applied micro-simulation model has also been discussed. A lot of space has been devoted to the question of the choice of outside parameters and the validation of the model, as a way to a better structuralisation of regional research on the old-Polish demography. It would be quite useful if the efforts of researchers might concentrate on fixing the necessary minimum programme for future analyses in microscale family reconstitution, so that their results would have a wider applicability in research of a higher rank (not only the one in which simulation modelling is used), and so that they would satisfy the basic requirements of comparative analysis. The third part deals with the applicability potential of the used methodology to analyse the influence of demographic factors on the co-residence patterns for old-Polish populations taken from the database CEURFAMFORM. The problem has been illustrated by presenting two current questions that are essential for historical demography of the family: the process of leaving the family house and co-habitation of various generations. The analysis shows how the combined impact of fertility, mortality and the generational overlap in their regional configurations, determining the number and category of the relatives in a given population, shaped the dominant patterns of co-habitation in the territories that have been researched. The conclusions should be treated as innovative, yet future investigations might verify that. For the time being they constitute a convenient map that indicates directions for further investigations, both quantitative and qualitative in nature.
    Źródło:
    Przeszłość Demograficzna Polski; 2015, 37, 1; 107-161
    0079-7189
    2719-4345
    Pojawia się w:
    Przeszłość Demograficzna Polski
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Relikty staropolskiej skarbowości na ziemiach polskich po rozbiorach – rekonesans
    The relics of the Old Polish finances in the post-partition Polish territories: reconnaissance
    Autorzy:
    Pilarczyk, Piotr M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/39989259.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
    Tematy:
    Księstwo Warszawskie
    Królestwo Polskie
    podatki
    skarbowość
    historia opodatkowania
    Duchy of Warsaw
    Kingdom of Poland
    taxes
    public finances
    fiscal history
    Opis:
    Rozbiory Rzeczpospolitej nie przekreśliły istnienia szeregu dotychczasowych rozwiązań w dziedzinie skarbowości. W początkach XIX wieku w Księstwie Warszawskim i Królestwie Polskim zachowano liczne konstrukcje z epoki staropolskiej. Zmiany zaszły przede wszystkim w dziedzinie zarządu finansami państwowymi, lecz już w przypadku poszczególnych podatków wiele z nich przetrwało długo – zmieniane i reformowane, niektóre świadczenia publiczne dotrwały nawet do XX wieku. Również struktura dochodów publicznych nie uległa większym zmianom w epoce porozbiorowej. Dostrzec też można liczne podobieństwa pomiędzy epoką przedrozbiorową a czasami Księstwa i Królestwa w przypadku kształtu wydatków publicznych. W XIX wieku na ziemiach polskich w dziedzinie skarbowości i prawa skarbowego nowe rozwiązania sąsiadowały więc z licznymi reliktami epoki przedrozbiorowej.
    The partitions of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth did not cancel out a number of existing solutions in the sphere of public finance. At the beginning of the 19th century, a number of structures from the Old Polish era were preserved in the Duchy of Warsaw and the Kingdom of Poland. Changes took place primarily in the area of the management of state finances, but in the case of individual taxes many of them lasted for a long time. Changed and reformed, some public services even survived into the 20th century. The structure of public revenue did not change much in the post-partition era either. One can also see many similarities between the pre-partition era and the times of the Duchy and the Kingdom in the shape of public expenditure. Thus, in the 19th century in the Polish territory in the field of public finance and fiscal law, new solutions were juxtaposed with numerous relics of the pre-partition era.
    Źródło:
    Studia z Dziejów Państwa i Prawa Polskiego; 2023, XXVI, 26; 13-34
    1733-0335
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia z Dziejów Państwa i Prawa Polskiego
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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