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Tytuł:
Regeneration of polymer and ceramic modules with the use of recovered single-phase detergent. Dairy industry case study
Autorzy:
Kowalska, Izabela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2171848.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
dairy industry
membrane separation
dairy wastewater
membrane technology
przemysł mleczarski
separacja membranowa
ścieki mleczarskie
technologia membranowa
Opis:
The effectiveness of recovered washing compositions containing single-phase detergents from cleaning-in-place (CIP) systems as solutions for the regeneration of membrane modules fouled during the filtration of wastewater from the prerinsing of the production line (white water) was assessed. The influence of process parameters (regeneration time, transmembrane pressure, cross-flow velocity, and solution temperature) on relative flux recovery was evaluated. A significantly higher regeneration efficiency of the ceramic and polymeric modules was obtained for the alkaline detergent compared to that of the acid formula. The key process parameters for the regeneration cycle were the contact time of the module with the cleaning detergent and its temperature. The influence of transmembrane pressure and cross-flow velocity on module permeability was negligible. Filtration experiments with white water confirmed that the membrane separation process is suitable for the recovery of milk compounds from dairy effluents.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2022, 48, 4; 85--96
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Figura biblijnego Dawida wzorem relacji mężczyzny do Boga
The Biblical Figure of David as a Model of the Mutual Relationship Between a Man and God
La figura biblica di Davide come modello del rapporto reciproco fra un uomo e Dio
Autorzy:
Kowalska, Izabela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31340025.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
król Dawid
biblijna koncepcja człowieka
męska duchowość
King David
Biblical identity of man
male spirituality
re Davide
Il concetto biblico dell'uomo
la spiritualità maschile
Opis:
Cercare la spiritualitàdegli uomini e definire il suo modello specifico à una caratteristica tipica per ciascuna delle tappe della storia umana. Allora non c'à da meravigliarsi che questo argomento rimane il punto forte anche nellà l'ambiente della teologia cristiana. La base fondamentale della antropogia cristiana rimane sempre la rivelazione di Dio, e soprattutto estremamente ricche tradizioni bibliche dellà l'Antico e del Nuovo Testamento. Prestando attenzione al messaggio biblico, che in lasso dei secoli veniva instancabilmente rivelato da Dio alle successive generazioni degli uomini, fornisce anche oggi il punto di riverimento per chi vuole scoprire e proporre il modello vero e proprio di un marito e di un padre. Purtroppo il mondo e il tempo odierno non aiuta per niente a creare e vivere una vita da uuomo vero e proprio secondo il progetto di Dio. L'istituzione di marito e di padre stanno vivendo oggi una crisisi notevole, perci pi che mai, abbiamo bisogno di riscoprire di nuovo il concetto, la missione ela vocazione degli uomini in base alle radici sicure della rivelazione divina. Il motivo ulteriore per scoprire una definizione nuova della maschilità e della spiritualità maschile sarebbe la mancanza notevole delle publlicazioni scientifiche che si dedichano a questargomento. Sorge quindi una necessità di un maggiore interesse per un essere umano, che un uomo per presentare la sua identità vera, i compiti fondamentali da fare e la sua missione da realizzare. Questo articolo dunque una prova di porre queste domande sulla spiritulaità maschile e di cercare le risposte adeguate al riguardu in base alla figura biblica del re Davide. La vita di questo re di Israele fu il punto di riferimento per presentare la ricchezza della vita interiore degli uomini, le varie forme di realizzazione la vocazione umana e le enormi possibilità che furono messe da Dio in ogni maschio.
Źródło:
Roczniki Teologii Duchowości; 2010, 2; 69-93
2081-6146
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Teologii Duchowości
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Moda w świetle instytucjonalnej koncepcji sztuki
Autorzy:
Rosenfeld-Kowalska, Izabela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1194706.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Akademia Sztuk Pięknych im. Władysława Strzemińskiego w Łodzi
Opis:
In the article, I discuss the issue of fashion institutionalization in reference to the theories presented by George Dicki, Arthur C. Danto or Timothy Binkley. Starting with the creative power of the world of art and classifying certain human products as works of art, I show how museums are opening up to the "world of fashion". Beginning with the historical beginnings of fashion shows, going to the presentation of fashion in museum interiors, I describe how the form of exhibiting outfits has evolved, thus pushing the boundaries between the presentation of applied art and the performative work of art created before viewers' eyes.
Źródło:
Powidoki - magazyn artystyczno-naukowy; 2019, 1; 70-75
2657-652X
Pojawia się w:
Powidoki - magazyn artystyczno-naukowy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Exposure of Polish enterprises to risk within business cycle
Autorzy:
Jonek-Kowalska, Izabela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/108398.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
economic risk
risk assessment
Polish enterprises
business cycle
Opis:
In economies with relatively short free-market traditions, enterprises are highly exposed to general economic risk, including fluctuations in the business cycle, which may result in the limitation of their development opportunities and discourage them from undertaking business activity. Having regard to the aforementioned circumstances, the main goal of this article is to assess the exposure of Polish enterprises to the risk related to changes in the economic situation. To achieve the goal set in such a manner, the first part of the article covers the grounds for the undertaken research along with an overview of the literature concerning the presented issues. In the second part of the article, the results of the risk assessment and the relationships of its level to the course of the business cycle in Poland during the years of 2000 to 2015 are shown. In the process of risk measurement, the statistical measures of variability and dynamics indices regarding the financial results of Polish enterprises are used. Whereas, in the course of determining the changes in the business cycle, the author makes use of the changes in the level of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
Źródło:
Managerial Economics; 2018, 19, 2; 187-203
1898-1143
Pojawia się w:
Managerial Economics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
COAL MINING IN CENTRAL-EAST EUROPE IN PERSPECTIVE OF INDUSTRIAL RISK
Autorzy:
Jonek-Kowalska, Izabela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/489039.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
post-transition economies
economic and industrial risk
coal mining
Opis:
Research background: Due to increasing economic and sector risk coal mining in Europe is treated as a declining industry. In post-transition economies such approach is a threat for energy security and local and regional economic development. Nowadays, coal mining survival in Central-East Europe is additionally threatened by accumulative global risk factors, especially by price differentiation and shale gas revolution in United States of America. Revealed circumstances require deepen research and diagnosis in the area of risk and corporate management in mining enterprises in Central-East Europe. Purpose of the article: The main aim of the article is to assess industrial risk in coal mining in Central-East Europe. The research is divided into three parts. In the first one the situation of coal mining in Central-East Europe is characterized. It is the basis for selection of the countries for the detailed analysis. In the second part the industrial risk factors are assessed and described. Finally, in the third part their influence on financial results in the examined mining enterprises is evaluated. In the summary the international comparison is made and general assumptions for risk and corporate management are formulated. Methods: In the article a risk checklist is used to identify the economic and industrial risk factors. To determine their influence on financial results on the first stage of research Pear-son’s coefficients are used. Than regression functions are developed. The data are collected on the basis of public statistics and financial statements of the examined mining enterprises. Findings & Value added: On the basis of research results it may be stated that there are only a few countries in Europe in which mining enterprises still operate as separate economic units and all of them have experienced serious financial troubles in the last years. Risk intensification contributed mostly to revenues reduction and negative financial results.
Źródło:
Oeconomia Copernicana; 2017, 8, 1; 131-142
2083-1277
Pojawia się w:
Oeconomia Copernicana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Strategies of Internalization in the Industry of Mining Ma-chines and Appliances
Autorzy:
Jonek-Kowalska, Izabela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/489008.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
internationalization
internationalization strategies
industry of mining machines and appliances
Opis:
Currently, the industry of mining machines and appliances in Poland, as a result of considerable economic improvement on the market of energetic resources, gains an incredible opportunity for further development. However, its use is dependent on the intensification of activity internationalization. Polish sales market, due to hard coal mining decrease and financial problems of mining enter-prises, does not guarantee sales increase.Therefore, the basic objective of this article is to assess the currently used internationalization strategies of Polish enterprises performing in the industry of mining machines and appliances. In the article, in the theoretical part literature studies concerning enterprises internationalization are used. Next, the characteristics of the industry of mining machines and appliances in Poland are presented, ending with a SWOT analysis. In the part devoted to a strategy of internationalization, the results of a question-naire research conducted in the group of producers of mining machines and appliances in the 2012 were used. According the research results, Polish enterprises from the industry of mining machines and appliances in the internationalization of their activity use the sim-plest strategies that do not require engagement of capital on foreign markets. Some examined enterprises have been functioning on popular markets, offering the same products. Other ones conquer new markets and/or modify the products in order to adjust them to geological-mining requirements of target markets. Diversification strategy is not used because of high risk. The examined enterprises are not able to use dumping, due to global competitors and Chinese producers. It is not profitable to use direct investments either in exploration and penetration. The reason is mostly a lack of recognition of markets remote geographically and culturally, as well as low domestic production cost which cause that Polish producers choose a focus strategy instead of a diversification strategy.
Źródło:
Oeconomia Copernicana; 2014, 5, 2; 75-100
2083-1277
Pojawia się w:
Oeconomia Copernicana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessing the energy security of European countries in the resource and economic context
Autorzy:
Jonek-Kowalska, Izabela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/19322538.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
energy sources and economic development
energy security
determinants of energy mixes
Opis:
Research background: In recent years, much attention in the literature has been paid to the economic and environmental conditions of energy development as a key sector for the development of national economies. The issue of availability of individual energy resources and related energy security is receding into the background, most often due to the strong globalization of economies and the associated assumption of free international flow of goods and services, and thus practically unlimited possibilities of buying on the international commodity markets and energy exchanges. Nevertheless, the importance of energy security increases significantly in crisis situations. Purpose of the article: Bearing in mind the circumstances indicated above, the main objective of this article is to assess the energy security of European countries carried out in the context of resource and economic conditions. Methods: The article proposes its own methodological approach to the assessment of energy security based on the analysis of the energy mixes of 32 European countries and the availability of their own internal energy sources. In the process of classifying the studied economies into homogeneous groups in terms of resource and economic determinants (GDP per capita), principal component analysis was used. Findings & value added: The theoretical and methodological added value of the article results from the development of the author's approach to the assessment of energy security using individual and aggregated energy sufficiency index. Empirical added value is related to the results of energy security assessment in European countries, which can be used in shaping energy policies. Therefore, most of the 32 European countries assessed have a low level of energy security, which is due to the dominant use of non-renewable energy resources in their energy mixes. Countries with a high level of energy security have their own non-renewable resources or use alternative energy carriers in the form of renewable sources, hydropower or nuclear energy.
Źródło:
Oeconomia Copernicana; 2022, 13, 2; 301-334
2083-1277
Pojawia się w:
Oeconomia Copernicana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Economic conditions for the development of smart cities in Poland in a regional perspective
Autorzy:
Jonek-Kowalska, Izabela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1918786.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
smart city
municipal economy
management
Polska
inteligentne miasto
ekonomia komunalna
zarządzanie
Polska
Opis:
Purpose: The main purpose of the article is to identify the economic conditions for the development of smart cities in Poland and their changes over time. Design/methodology/approach: To achieve this goal, the first part of the article presents the distinguishing features of a smart city. Then, in national and international terms, the regions in which such units develop most dynamically and most often are indicated. In the second part of the article, the analysis of economic conditions is limited to Poland in the Voivodeship system. In the course of the study, budget data of Polish communes from 2003-2017 are used. The study covers the level of income per capita, as well as property and investment expenses, while looking for regularities and features that predispose a given region for creating smart cities. At the end, tips are formulated with the orientation both at supporting the idea of developing smart cities in Poland and preventing economic exclusion of those regions that are currently not actively participating in their creation. Findings: The incomes of communes in Poland in all researched Voivodeships in the years 2003-2017 systematically increased. The overall increase in the value of income per capita over the fifteen year research period ranged from 78% to almost 120%. However, the fastest income growth rate concerned Voivodeships with the largest number of smart cities (already existing and listed in international rankings and classifications) and the highest absolute income per capita. These were the Masovian and Pomeranian Voivodeships, which, in connection with the above, can be considered the most entitled to create smart cities in Poland. Originality/value: The research on financial aspects of smart cities development is rarely analyzed in literature and practice, therefore the results and conclusions fill the existing gap and contribute to municipal economics and management, especially in Poland.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska; 2020, 146; 187-198
1641-3466
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Transformation of energy balances with dominant coal consumption in European economies and Turkey in the years 1990-2017
Autorzy:
Jonek-Kowalska, Izabela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/19094471.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
energy balance
European economies
links between energy policy and economy
Opis:
Research background: Energy policy is closely linked to economic development. Therefore, its optimization is an important issue especially in the contemporary European environmental conditions.  EU regulations enforce a reduction of carbon dioxide emissions and the abandonment of non-renewable energy resources. Instead, they promote renewable energy sources. In this way, new legal and environmental circumstances are becoming the main reason for the transformation of energy balances, which is a real economic and technological challenge. This transformation requires a strategic and effective approach, especially in those countries which until now have used mainly hard coal in the energy sector. Purpose of the article: According to above justification, the main purpose of the article is to identify the strategies for the transformation of energy balances that were implemented in the years 1990-2017 by chosen European countries and Turkey. Methods: The study period covers the years 1990-2017, and the subject of the research at first applies to all European countries, and then to 7 countries selected due to their high share of bituminous coal in energy balance in the first year of the analysis, treated as the initial point of transformation (1990). As a result of this selection, 6 EU members and Turkey with the largest share of coal in energy production in the year 1990 are examined. Particularly, an analysis of the trends in their energy balances in the years 1990-2017 is conducted. The research uses data on non-renewable energy consumption and renewable energy resources and the total energy consumption. The research methodology includes: analysis of the structure and dynamics, evaluation of trends and comparative analysis and presentation of development strategies. At the end of the article, a comparative analysis is carried out, the economic consequences of identified changes are assessed, and recommendations are formulated aimed at optimizing the structure of the energy balance in the future. Findings & Value added: Generally, there are four theoretical and empirical patterns of transformation strategies of energy balances with dominant coal consumption: 1) using other non-renewable energy resources; 2) replacing non-renewable energy resources with renewable ones; 3) using nuclear energy instead of coal; 4) increasing coal consumption as available and efficient energy resource. It was found that the examined countries implement mainly the strategy in which the decreasing share of coal is made up for by an increasing share of gas. Additionally, we can observe an increase in the share of nuclear energy in France, the Czech Republic and the United Kingdom. In Spain and Germany, despite the use of nuclear power plants for the production of energy, the share of nuclear energy in the energy balances has systematically decreased in time. In all analyzed countries, we can also observe an increasing share of renewable sources in energy balances, however, this growth is very slow.
Źródło:
Oeconomia Copernicana; 2019, 10, 4; 627-647
2083-1277
Pojawia się w:
Oeconomia Copernicana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
State Aid and Competitiveness of the Hard Coal Mining Industry in the European Union
Autorzy:
Jonek-Kowalska, Izabela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517228.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
state aid
competitiveness of industries
hard coal mining industry in Poland and the EU
Polish mining enterprises
Opis:
The hard coal mining industry in the European Union (EU) is in decline, mostly due to a lack of price competitiveness. It is maintained, to a great extent, by state aid; the key objective of the industry’s existence is to provide energy security and guarantee employment in the mining regions. In Poland, the hard coal mining industry is currently undergoing a serious crisis that threatens the two largest mining enterprises with bankruptcy. In addition, due to the European Union’s restrictions concerning the circumstances of granting state aid, these enterprises cannot count on the financial support for the repair restructuring that they used on a large scale until 2011. Therefore, in this article, the main objective is to determine the influence of state aid on the competitiveness of the hard coal mining industry in 12 countries of the EU, including Poland in specific. In order to achieve the stated objective, the article is divided into three parts. The first part consists of a literature review, and legal regulations that are related to state aid for the hard coal mining industry in the EU are presented. The second part identifies the amount of state aid for the mining industry in the examined countries. Next, the economic effects of state aid for hard coal mining in the European Union are examined. The third assesses the financial results of 24 Polish hard coal mines.
Źródło:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2015, 10, 1; 69-87
1689-765X
2353-3293
Pojawia się w:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Identification of budgetary sources of risk in Polish smart cities. Practical approach
Autorzy:
Jonek-Kowalska, Izabela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1933459.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
risk management
budgetary sources of risk
operational risk
strategic risk
smart city
zarządzanie ryzykiem
budżetowe źródła ryzyka
ryzyko operacyjne
ryzyko strategiczne
Opis:
The main aim of the article is to identify budgetary sources of risk in managing a smart city. This task is carried out on the basis of budgetary data concerning local government units in Poland. The conducted research and considerations are limited to cities with poviat (district) rights, assuming that these are the units with the greatest potential in terms of being “smart”. In the course of research, the budgetary risk is divided into two categories: (1) operational, relating to the level of total expenditures and revenues and the current budget balance, and (2) strategic, relating to the economic situation, budget inflows from income tax on natural and legal persons and indebtedness of the analyzed units. In addition, budgetary risk is considered in two regional and local research perspectives, using classic risk assessment measures, such as the coefficient of variation, standard deviation and range. The analysis and assessment shows that, among the operational sources of risk threatening the development of smart cities, the most serious is the large revenue disparity in individual voivodeships and cities with poviat rights and a high level of budget deficit in more than a dozen or so analyzed units. In the case of strategic sources, the most important threat is the above-average level of indebtedness of a significant part of cities with poviat rights, which constitutes a significant financial burden in subsequent periods, hindering the creation and development of smart cities in Poland.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska; 2019, 140; 147-162
1641-3466
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Improving cost management in a mining enterprise. Identification of the directions of necessary changes in the context of the current state diagnosis
Autorzy:
Jonek-Kowalska, Izabela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/323564.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
cost management
mining enterprise
financial restructuring
zarządzanie kosztami
przedsiębiorstwo górnicze
restrukturyzacja finansowa
Opis:
The purpose of this article is to identify the desired changes in cost management in Polish mining enterprises, based on the results of the diagnosis made in the period of the years 2001-2016. To achieve this goal, the first part of the article describes the previous experience of Polish mining enterprises in the field of cost management, and then formulates the main directions of improving this process, aiming at improving their efficiency.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska; 2019, 136; 179-189
1641-3466
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 188

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