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Tytuł:
Thermoanalytical investigations of edible oils and fats. Part II Kinetics of thermo-oxidative decomposition of soybean and sunflower oils
Termoanalityczne badania olejów i tłuszczów jadalnych. Cz.II Kinetyka termoutleniającego rozkładu oleju sojowego i słonecznikowego
Autorzy:
Kowalski, B.
Kot, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1399530.pdf
Data publikacji:
1989
Wydawca:
Instytut Rozrodu Zwierząt i Badań Żywności Polskiej Akademii Nauk w Olsztynie
Tematy:
edible oils
soybean oil
sunflower oil
kinetics of oxidation
thermal analysis
differential scanning calorimetry
Opis:
Soybean (SBO) and sunflower (SFO) oils were oxidized in an atmosphere of oxygen in the cell of the Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC). The peak maximum temperatures on monitored differential heat flow curves were measured and used for the calculation of Arrhenius activation energy and kinetic parametres of the process.
Oleje sojowy (SBO) i słonecznikowy (SFO) utleniano w komorze kalorymetru skanningowego (DSC) tlenem przepływającym przez komorę z szybkością 100 cm³/min. Postęp reakcji śledzono rejestrując różnicowy przepływ ciepła kompensujący efekt energetyczny reakcji. Stosując różne szybkości ogrzewania reagującego układu (β) oznaczono z termogramów temperaturę maksimum piku (Tmax) Liniowe w półlogarytmicznym układzie współrzędnych zależności lg β = f(Tmax) pozwoliły na wyznaczenie wartości dlg ζ(dT⁻¹ max). Z otrzymanych danych obliczono energię aktywacji proce u otrzymując dla oleju sojowego ESBO = 62800 J/mol i słonecznikowego ESFO = 60700 J/mol. Wartości te zostały użyte do wyznaczenia temperaturowych zależności zmian stałych szybkości reakcji (k) i połówkowych czasów reakcji (τ) przyjmując że są to reakcje pierwszego rzędu. Sparametryzowane ilościowo ujęcie kinetyki procesu termoutleniania badanych olejów jest spójne z oznaczanymi metodą chromatografii gazowej zawartościami kwasów tłuszczowych w olejach. Otrzymane wyniki dyskutowano ze względu na chemizm wolnorodnikowego mechanizmu procesu auto utleniania lipidów. Wskazano na możliwość zastosowania wyznaczonych parametrów do oceny odporności olejów na rozkład termoutleniający oraz wykorzystania danych w obliczeniach projektowo-inżynieryjnych. Oceniono, że metoda DSC jest szczególnie użyteczna w badaniach tennoanalitycznych i kinetycznych tak złożonych układów jak oleje roślinne.
Źródło:
Acta Alimentaria Polonica; 1989, 15(39), 1; 55-62
0137-1495
Pojawia się w:
Acta Alimentaria Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of occurrence of virulence genes among Yersinia enterocolitica isolates belonging to different biotypes and serotypes
Autorzy:
Kot, B
Piechota, M.
Jakubczak, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32221.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
virulence gene
occurrence
Yersinia enterocolitica
isolate
biotype
serotype
polymerase chain reaction
ystB gene
myfA gene
man
pig
isolation
Opis:
The 150 Y. enterocolitica strains isolated from humans and from pigs belonged to biotypes 4 (68.7%), 1A (18.7%) and 2 (4%), or were biochemically untypeable (8.6%). Biotype 4 was comprised of Y. enterocolitica strains representing serotype 0:3, within biotype 1A the strains either belonged to serotypes 0:5 and 0:6 or were untypeable, and biotype 2 was represented by the strains of serotype 0:9. The strains which were biochemically untypeable belonged to serotypes 0:5, 0:6 and 0:3. Among the strains tested there also were those of an unidentified biotype and serotype. Nearly all the strains of biotype 1A represented genotype ystB+myfA+, and few belonged to genotype ystB+. The presence of the ystB gene in the strains of biotype 1A and only occasional occurrence of the gene in the other biotypes makes ystB a distinguishing marker of biotype 1A. The strains of genotype ystA+ail+myfA+yadA+ predominated in biotype 4 (serotype 0:3). The strains of biotype 2 (serotype 0:9) represented genotype ystA+ail+myfA+, and the plasmid yadA gene was detected in some of them. Within the group of biochemically untypeable strains ystB- and myfA-specific PCR products were mainly obtained. The genotypes determined for the tested biotypes and serotypes of Y. enterocolitica, based upon the selected genes of virulence, can be applied as distinguishing markers and indicators of the potential virulence of Y. enterocolitica strains, excluding bioserotyping.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences; 2010, 13, 1; 13-19
1505-1773
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Philosophical and literary two-handedness: The case of Dobrosław Kot
O filozoficzno-literackiej „twórczości dwuręcznej”. Przypadek Dobrosława Kota
Autorzy:
Siwak, Ilona
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2087665.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
literary theory
literature and philosophy
narratology
relational subject
philosophy of dialogue
implied and thematized communication
Dobrosław Kot (b. 1976)
twórczość dwuręczna
narracja drugoosobowa
narratologia
podmiot relacyjny
podmiotowość
filozofia dialogu
Dobrosław Kot
Wit Szostak
informacja implikowana i stematyzowana
literatura i filozofia
Opis:
The possibility and the ways of articulating subjectivity is the main theme of both the philosophical books and essays of Dobrosław Kot as well as his fiction, written under the pseudonym Wit Szostak. His approach is grounded in ‘the relational subject’, a notion which has been developed in numerous philosophical treaties and in literature. This article examines the ways and means of the constituting the textual subject in Kot's philosophical books, Subjectivity and Loss (2009), Dramatic Thinking (2016), and Odyssseus' Raft: An essay about migrants (2020) and tries to position his thought with regard to similar studies of the relational subject in contemporary humanities. The discussion ranges from second-person narration and the semantics of personal pronouns in the structure of literary works (i.e. points of contact between philosophy and literary discourse) to the functioning of implied and thematized information in literary narratives. Crucially, the tensions between these two forms of communication offer the textual subject an opportunity to articulate his position. Finally, all the analyses point to the conclusion that loss is indeed at the heart Dobrosław Kot’s work.
Źródło:
Ruch Literacki; 2021, 5; 679-700
0035-9602
Pojawia się w:
Ruch Literacki
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Virulence factors and ability of staphylococci from bovine milk and the cowshed environment to biofilm formation
Autorzy:
Kot, B
Binek, T.
Piechota, M.
Wolska, K.M.
Zdunek, E.
Platkowska, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31690.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Opis:
The aim of this study was to examine virulence factors and the ability of S. aureus and CNS species isolated from milk of cows with mastitis to form biofilm, and to compare them with virulence factors of staphylococci from milk of cows without mastitis and cowshed environment. Most of S. aureus strains from cows with mastitis showed haemolytic activity (93.9%), among them 72.7% and 21.2% produced α- and β-haemolysin, respectively. S. aureus from cows with mastitis symptoms produced proteases (above 48%) and esterase (42.4%). The highly significant relationship between the number of S. xylosus strains producing haemolysins (62%) and the origin of these strains from milk of cows with mastitis was observed. The ability to produce proteases was significantly associated with S. sciuri from milk of cows with mastitis. The ability of biofilm formation by staphylococcal strains from milk of cows with mastitis was greater than in strains from milk of cows without mastitis and the difference was significant (p≤0.05). The highest percentage of strains from milk of cows with mastitis were weak biofilm formers (48.6%), while 40% and 11.4% of strains were moderate and strong biofilm producers, respectively. S. xylosus showed the highest ability to form biofilm, while the lowest ability to form biofilm was observed in S. aureus and S. epidermidis. In conclusion, production of exotoxins and enzymes, and ability of biofilm formation shown by many CNS isolated from milk of cows with mastitis symptoms indicates that these features are important in pathogenesis of this disease.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences; 2013, 16, 4
1505-1773
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ komponentów organicznych na zmiany właściwości rekultywowanych gleb leśnych na siedlisku boru suchego
Influence of organic components on changes of the properties of reclaimed soils damaged by fire from coniferous dry forest
Autorzy:
Królak, B.
Kot, B.
Sterniczuk, K.
Troć, A.
Zychowicz, E.
Powalska, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1292980.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
lesnictwo
siedliska lesne
siedlisko boru suchego
rekultywacja gleb
dodatki do gleb
dodatki organiczne
kompost
osady sciekowe
torf ogrodniczy
gleby lesne
gleby rekultywowane
wlasciwosci chemiczne
wlasciwosci mikrobiologiczne
compost
sewage sludge
peat
soil chemical properties
microbiological analysis of soil
Opis:
The main objective of the study was to analyse the influence of compost produced from urban green waste, sewage sludge from municipal treatment plants and horticultural peat on changes of selected chemical and microbiological parameters of forest soil reclaimed after a fire. Soil samples were collected one and two years after the components had been applied to the soil. The results from experimental sites were compared with those from control samples. In the soil samples the following parameters were determined: content of carbon and nitrogen, reaction, hydrolytic acidity and the total amount of alkaline cations. Also the total number of bacteria and fungi, including moulds and yeast, was analysed. A year after components application, pH and the number of yeasts and moulds in the soil increased. After two years the content of nitrogen and the total number of bacteria in the soil increased as well. The most beneficial effect on changes in soil properties had the application of sewage sludge, which manifested itself in a decrease of the C/N ratio. This indicated the suitability of sewage sludge in reclamation of poor forest habitats. Peat underwent the slowest mineralization among all the organic components applied to the soil.
Źródło:
Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2017, 78, 2
1732-9442
2082-8926
Pojawia się w:
Leśne Prace Badawcze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Motility activity, slime production, biofilm formation and genetic typing by ERIC-PCR for Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from bovine and other sources (human and environment)
Autorzy:
Wolska, K.
Szweda, P.
Lada, K.
Rytel, E.
Gucwa, K.
Kot, B.
Piechota, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/30220.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Opis:
The molecular-typing strategy, ERIC-PCR was used in an attempt to determine the genomic relationship of 28 P. aeruginosa strains isolated from faeces of healthy bovine, bovine mastitis and from faeces of hospital patients as well as from environment. ERIC-PCR fingerprinting revealed large molecular differentiation within this group of isolates. Twenty two out of 28 strains tested generated unique patterns of DNA bands and only three genotypes consisted of two isolates each were identified. We also tested the P. aeruginosa isolates for their ability to form a biofilm on abiotic surfaces including polyvinylchloride and polystyrene. Different biofilm-forming abilities were demonstrated among strains; however, most of them (64.3%) showed moderate-biofilm forming ability. The strains with increased swimming and twitching motility displayed elevated biofilm formation. However, a negative correlation was found between slime and initial biofilm production. On the basis of the results obtained, we suggest that there are no major differences in phenotypic properties between P. aeruginosa strains isolated from different sources.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences; 2014, 17, 2; 321-329
1505-1773
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Distribution of classical enterotoxin genes in staphylococci from milk of cows with- and without mastitis and the cowshed environment
Autorzy:
Piechota, M.
Kot, B.
Zdunek, E.
Mitrus, J.
Wicha, J.
Wolska, M.K.
Sachanowicz, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31921.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Opis:
The aim of this study was to analyze by PCR 185 isolates of Staphylococcus from milk of cows with- and without mastitis and from the cowsheds environment for their potential ability to produce five classical staphylococcal enterotoxins. Among S. aureus isolates 8 (32%) carried enterotoxin genes and only 2 of them had more than one gene. The enterotoxin genes were detected in 22 (13.7%) coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) isolates, among them in 9 (11.4%) isolates of S. xylosus, 5 (16.7%) S. sciuri, 3 (10.3%) S. epidermidis and in 5 (22.7%) Staphylococcus spp. In some CNS 2 or 3 genes were detected simultaneously. Among the investigated enterotoxin genes, sec was the most prevalent (70%). The genes encoding enterotoxin B and D were detected in 5 (16.7%) and 6 (20%) isolates, respectively. The lowest number of isolates had sea and see genes.The genes encoding enterotoxins were often identified in staphylococci from milk of cows with mastitis (73.4% of detected genes), while only 6 (20%) isolates from milk of cows without mastitis and 2 (6.6%) isolates from cowshed environment were positive for enterotoxin genes.The results showed that CNS from bovine milk, like S. aureus, carried enterotoxin genes and may pose a risk for public health.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences; 2014, 17, 3
1505-1773
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Phenotypic and genotypic antimicrobial resistance of staphylococci from bovine milk
Autorzy:
Kot, B.
Piechota, M.
Wolska, K.M.
Frankowska, A.
Zdunek, E.
Binek, T.
Klopotowska, E.
Antosiewicz, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31274.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Opis:
The aim of this study was to examine phenotypic and genotypic antimicrobial resistance of staphylococci from milk samples from cows with subclinical and clinical mastitis and from cows without mastitis symptoms to methicillin, tetracyclines, macrolides and lincosamides (ML). Of 207 strains, including 34 S. aureus and 173 coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS), 11 (6.4%) CNS strains were phenotypically resistant to methicillin. The mecA gene was detected by PCR only in two S. xylosus strains and one strain of S. epidermidis and S. simulans. No methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains were observed. In methicillin-resistant strains with mecA, gene resistance to other investigated antibiotics was not observed. Phenotypic resistance to tetracycline was detected in 11.0% of CNS strains and 47.4% of them carried the tetK gene. Of 173 CNS strains studied, 27 (15.6%) were resistant to at least one ML antibiotic. The resistance gene ermC was detected in 55.5% of the 27 ML-resistant strains. The ermA and ermB genes were detected in 14.8% and 11.1% of ML-resistant CNS strains, respectively. Antimicrobial resistance to methicillin, tetracyclines and macrolides was detected more frequently in staphylococcal strains from clinical mastitis compared to animals with subclinical symptoms and without mastitis, while the resistance to lincosamides showed a similar frequency in all groups of cows. In conclusion, CNS species from bovine milk differ in phenotypic and genotypic antimicrobial resistance profiles, and the use of PCR technique alone for the detection of methicillin, macrolide, lincosamide and tetyracycline resistance in CNS from cattle is not reliable.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences; 2012, 15, 4
1505-1773
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Antimicrobial resistance and genotypes of staphylococci from bovine milk and the cowshed environment
Autorzy:
Kot, B.
Piechota, M.
Antos-Bielska, M.
Zdunek, E.
Wolska, K.M.
Binek, T.
Olszewska, J.
Gulinski, P.
Trafny, E.A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/30335.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Opis:
Investigation of antimicrobial resistance and genetic relatedness of staphylococci from milk of cows with mastitis and cowshed environment was the aim of this study. Antimicrobial resistance against 14 antimicrobials were determined by using a disc diffusion method. Genetic similarity between the most frequently isolated species was analysed by PFGE (pulsed-field gel electrophoresis). Haemolytic activity, DNase, protease and esterase production was also investigated. Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species were isolated from 30.8% of milk samples from cows with mastitis. The most frequently isolated species was Staphylococcus xylosus and yield of these organisms was significantly associated with milk of mastitis cows. S. epidermidis was a predominant penicillin-resistant species. High frequency of resistance to lincomycin was observed among isolates of S. sciuri (54.2%) and S. xylosus (25.9%) from cows with mastitis. PFGE (pulsed-field gel electrophoresis) analysis of 29 Staphylococcus aureus isolates showed the presence of 17 PFGE pulsotypes. Isolates of S. sciuri (n=36) had unique PFGE patterns. Some S. xylosus isolates from milk and milker’s hands had the same PFGE pulsotypes, and this observation could indicate that dairyman may be a potential source of the infection. The pulsotype of each of the remaining isolates of S. xylosus suggested that they might have come from common environmental sources; however, these isolates differed in antibiotic resistance pattern or virulence traits. Therefore, knowledge about antibiotic sensitivity pattern and virulence factors of a CNS isolate, besides its genotype, may be informative in tracking the source of the infection.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences; 2012, 15, 4
1505-1773
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analiza kosztów logistyki w MSP
Logistics costs analysis in sme
Autorzy:
Ślusarczyk, B.
Kot, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1377720.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polskie Wydawnictwo Ekonomiczne
Tematy:
logistyka
koszty logistyki
łańcuch dostaw
logistics
logistics costs
supply chain
Opis:
Logistyka ma za zadanie optymalizować system przepływów dóbr i informacji nie tylko wewnątrz danego podmiotu, ale także w całym łańcuchu dostaw. Wszystkie procesy związane z przepływami rzeczowo-informacyjnymi, do których należą planowanie, wdrażanie i monitorowanie, są w kręgu zainteresowania logistyki. Zadania realizowane w ramach całego systemu logistycznego oraz poszczególnych jego podsystemów generują koszty. Badanie kosztów funkcjonowania systemu logistycznego pozwala na kompleksowe spojrzenie na ich kształtowanie/formowanie w całym łańcuchu dostaw oraz w pojedynczych jego ogniwach.
Logistics costs is a category extremely significant costs in terms of profitability of economic activities, as indicated by their relatively high participation in relation to the income. Identification and analysis of logistics costs in enterprises causes significant problems for small and medium-sized enterprises especially, due to adopted method of economic actions recording. In this paper the authors present the implemented methodology and the results of research on the size and structure of logistics costs in small and medium enterprises in relation to the firm generated revenue. Results of analyzes have been compared to results of research in other countries. Then authors point on the methods of logistics costs accounting in the surveyed companies. Logistics costs not only significantly reduce profits, but because narrow exploration of the problem, it is also an important reservoir of enterprise competitiveness improvement. However, before managers take actions to improve the size and structure of logistics costs, in many cases they should deal with inappropriate, inaccurate, or even the lack of logistics costs accounting. Cognitive and analytical action in the area of logistics costs seems to be a first fundamental step in taking corrective actions in this area.
Źródło:
Gospodarka Materiałowa i Logistyka; 2013, 6; 7-11
1231-2037
Pojawia się w:
Gospodarka Materiałowa i Logistyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ocena przydatności oznaczeń hormonów steroidowych w ślinie
Ocenka prigodnosti oboznachanija steroidnykh gormonov v sljune
Assessment of the usefulness of steroid hormone determinations in saliva
Autorzy:
Kot, T.
Marek, B.
Buntner, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2186389.pdf
Data publikacji:
1989
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Diagnostyki Laboratoryjnej
Tematy:
materialy biologiczne
slina
hormony steroidowe
oznaczanie
przydatnosc diagnostyczna
Źródło:
Diagnostyka Laboratoryjna; 1989, 25, 4-5; 191-197
0867-4043
Pojawia się w:
Diagnostyka Laboratoryjna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Migration channels produced by laser ablation for substrate endothelialization
Autorzy:
Major, R.
Maksymow, K.
Marczak, J.
Lackner, J.
Kot, M.
Major, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/201285.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
inorganic coatings
pulsed laser ablation
tissue scaffold
endothelial cells migration
Opis:
Seeding of cells on functional, biocompatible scaffolds is a crucial step in achievement the desired engineered tissue. In the present study, a pulsed laser modification onto inorganic substrate was made to promote endothelium cells migration and spread. Presented scaffolds were fabricated on carbon and titanium based coatings. Fabricated films provided very good mechanical properties together with a chemical stability preservation. The substrate modification consisted of grid-like template fabrication of micrometer size meshes. The microstructure analysis of laser traces revealed the grain size increase in the zone of laser beam interaction, which exerts an influence on a surface topography. Endothelium cells locomotion was observed within 10 day time period. As a result it was shown that the modified area enhanced cells adhesion with a preferred static behavior. The performed research work improved our understanding on the pulsed laser ablation process and template size influence on cells spatial arrangement. It constituted an important step towards fabrication of inorganic, biocompatible scaffolds for successful substrate endothelialization.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2012, 60, 2; 337-342
0239-7528
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Contribution of TiN/Ti/a-C:H multilayers architecture to biological and mechanical properties
Autorzy:
Major, L.
Lackner, J. M.
Kot, M.
Janusz, M.
Major, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/200944.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
microstructure
smooth muscle cells adhesion
cracking
Opis:
Complex microstructure analysis of TiN/Ti/a-C:H multilayer coatings, subjected to mechanical and biological tests, were performed by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM), respectively. Influence of interface numbers and phase ratios on coating properties was studied. Thin films were fabricated by a hybrid PLD technique (PLD supported by magnetron sputtering). The a-C:H phase was characterized by an amorphous structure, while TiN was built of columnar crystallites. Multilayer coatings contained sequentially deposited TiN and a-C:H layers with thin metallic Ti inter- layers deposited at each interface. Mechanisms of mechanical wear of analyzed systems were presented focusing on the cracking propagation revealed in the scratch test. Biological tests were done basing on smooth muscle cells adhesion to coating surfaces. An increase of TiN phase in the coating led to improvement of mechanical properties, while the carbon phase improved the biological behavior. Coatings comprising a higher rate of the carbon (a-C:H) revealed brittleness and were prone to delaminating. Optimal properties from the mechanical and biological point of view were stated for 8xTiN/Ti/a-C:H coating with 1:1 phase ratio (TiN to a-C:H).
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2014, 62, 3; 565-570
0239-7528
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polish government impact on foreign direct investments
Wpływ polskiego rządu na bezpośrednie inwestycje zagraniczne
Autorzy:
Ślusarczyk, B.
Kot, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/404890.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Politechnika Częstochowska
Tematy:
pomoc stanowa
przepływ bezpośrednich inwestycji zagranicznych
konkurencja rynkowa
state aid
FDI inflow
market competition
Opis:
In the economies of many countries, free competition is protected by antitrust laws and regulations in terms of unfair competition, whose recipients are entrepreneurs. On one hand FDI facilitates an access to technologies, know-how and management skills, accelerating the integration of national economies with international markets, production and distribution networks, and strengthening the international competition of companies but on the other hand governments interfere to with competitions supporting FDI actions. The state aid impact the country internal Foreign Direct Investment as well as support of external FDI of national corporations. The papers presents the government impact in those situations in Poland.
W gospodarkach wielu krajów, wolna konkurencja jest chroniona przez prawa konkurencji i regulacji w zakresie nieuczciwej konkurencji, którego beneficjentami są przedsiębiorcy. Z jednej strony ułatwia FDI dostęp do technologii, know-how i umiejętności zarządzania, przyspieszanie integracji gospodarek narodowych z międzynarodowych rynków, produkcji i sieci dystrybucji oraz wzmocnienie międzynarodowej konkurencji firm, ale na innych rządów kolidują z konkursów do wspierania działania BIZ. Wpływ pomocy państwa, kraj wewnętrzny, bezpośrednie inwestycje zagraniczne, jak również wsparcie dla zewnętrznych BIZ narodowych korporacji. W referacie zaprezentowano wpływ rządu w takich sytuacjach w Polsce.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Management Studies; 2012, 6; 45-54
2081-7452
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Management Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 35

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