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Tytuł:
Bieszczadzki skansen cerkiewny
SKANSEN D’ÉGLISES ORTHODOXES DANS LA RÉGION DES BIESZCZADY
Autorzy:
Brykowski, Ryszard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/535910.pdf
Data publikacji:
1969
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
skansen cerkiewny
drewniana architektura zabytkowa
Smolnik
skansen w rozproszeniu
Opis:
Un intéressant ensemble historique de l ’architecture orthodoxe en bois, composé de 350 objectifs s ’est conservé en Pologne. Il est situé le long de la frontière polonaise à l’est et au sud-est. Le plus grand nombre d ’églises orthodoxes est localisé su r le te rrito ire de la voïvodie de Rzeszów (env. 250). La p lupa rt des objectifs ce sont des anciennes églises greco-catholiques, qui, après 1947, ont été affectées au Trésor de l ’Etat. Leur utilisation actuelle est diverse. Une g ran de partie des objectifs est affectée au culte, d ’autres sont exploités comme magasins, par contre un certain nombre ne possède ju sq u ’à présent aucun usager. Le skansen d ’églises orthodoxes projeté, qui a obtenu en 1966 l ’approbation du Groupe Consultatif pour les Questions des Parcs ethnographiques et de la Construction en bois, agissant près la Direction des Musées et de la Protection des Monuments, doit réaliser Tune des formes de la sauvegarde de ces monuments. Le p ro je t prévoit la construction du skansen en contrefo rt des Bieszczady su r le te rra in de l ’ancien village Smolnik, n ’ex istan t plus au jo u rd ’hui (district de Ustrzyca, voïvodie de Rzeszów). Selon les principes initiaux, le skansen deva it comprendre 25 à 30 églises orthodoxes. Dernièrement, ce nombre a é té limité à 14 monuments et le coût de cette entreprise se chiffre à plus de 20 millions de zlotys. Après l ’analyse critique des principes préliminaires du projet du fu tu r skansen {élaborés au Musée de Łańcut), à p a rtir du choix de l ’emplacement même, de l’aménagement fu tu r du terrain, et ensuite des questions organisationnelles et juridiques, financières ainsi que des problèmes didactiques et de présentation, la contreproposition suivante a été avancée. Au lieu du p ro je t d’un skansen d’églises orthodoxes à carac tère traditionnel, localisé dans un endroit, sur un te rra in fermé strictement délimité, un skansen homogène (objectifs sacraux), et de ce fa it présen tan t une exposition assez monotone et même ennuyeuse pour le visiteur — créer un skansen „en dispersion”. Il se composerait de nombreux musées individuels, éloignés l ’un de l ’au tre de quelques kilomètres (voir la carte). Il serait formé d’objectifs existant jusqu’à présent dans la région (cercles noirs) ainsi que des objectifs transférés dans les localités, où se trouvaient jadis des églises orthodoxes (cercles blancs), à Remplacement desquelles existent des terrains libres, p a rfa ite ment harmonisés avec le paysage. Avec le temps, le skansen p o u rra it étendre sa protection su r les autres églises, utilisées su rto u t comme objectifs de culte (cercles blanc-noir). De cette manière, le long de la voie touristique dite „Obwodnica Bieszczadzka”, serait créée une chaîne de skansens d ’églises orthodoxes, experimentation à l ’échelle inte rnationa le dans le domaine des musées en plein air.
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 1969, 2; 134-143
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ogólnopolska konferencja poświęcona muzeom na wolnym powietrzu
Autorzy:
Brykowski, Ryszard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/537222.pdf
Data publikacji:
1970
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
konferencja Sanok 1969
muzea na wolnym powietrzu
Muzeum Budownictwa Ludowego w Sanoku
parki etnograficzne
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 1970, 1; 61-64
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ochrona zabytków w Rumunii
THE PRESERVATION OF HISTORICAL MONUMENTS IN ROUMANIA
Autorzy:
Brykowski, Ryszard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/537143.pdf
Data publikacji:
1972
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
ochrona zabytków w Rumunii
Komisja Zabytków Historycznych
konserwatorstwo rumuńskie
drewniana architektura cerkiewna Rumunii
Opis:
The article presents some aspects connected with organisation of preservation of historical monuments in Roumania. The preservation work is strictly separated from museum work. The highest and also the only preserving authority, called under the new post-war act of 1960, is the Direction of Historical Monuments; whereas museum work is subordinate to the Ministry of Culture and Art. Activities, such as studying and designing of preservation work as well as survey and supervision, are concentrated in the Direction of Historical Monuments. Moreover The Commitee for Culture and The Building Commitee of each district are concerned with the problems of historical monuments. Quite a boom may be observed now in the way of restoration, because of recent including of those problems into the sphere of touristics development programme. Hence most objects being restored at the moment lie in Bukovina, in Central Transylvania, in Bucureçti and its proximity, as well as in Dobruja. The preservation of historical monuments enjoys in Roumania the status of cultural, national, almost patriotic action, although it finally yields a return. „Green light for preservation problems” and the state is consequently financing that undertaking. Some methods and final effects of preservating certain buildings may be objectionable, but the grand style in which the works are conducted rends one absolutely jealous. The reconstruction of the old dwellingshopping center in Bucureçti sets a good example, as well as the building of Vlach Skansen in Curtiçoara, Oltenia.
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 1972, 2; 108-116
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Drewniany dwór w Rogóźnie przestał istnieć
THE WOODEN MANOIt-HOUSE OF ROGOŹNO EXISTS NO MORE
Autorzy:
Brykowski, Ryszard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/535470.pdf
Data publikacji:
1976
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
dwór w Rogóźnie
rozbiórka dworu w Rogóźnie
rozbiórka zabytku z rejestru zabytków
Opis:
The author presents a manor-house dating from 1788 which, regardless of warning signals appearing now and again in mass media, was demolished in 1975 by its user, i.e. the Gardening and Apicultural Co-operative. From the description of the manor- house it appears th a t originally it was a one-storcy building, enlarged in the 19th century. It was surrounded by an ancient park. The author comes to the conclusion th a t the Gardening and Apicultural Co-operative must have known since 1967 th a t the building was under protection. Demolition of the manor-house was о conscious violation of the law concerning cultural property protection.
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 1976, 3; 229-232
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Z prac Instytutu Sztuki PAN nad dokumentacją drewnianej architektury sakralnej w Polsce (I)
Autorzy:
Brykowski, Ryszard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/535325.pdf
Data publikacji:
1968
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
dokumentacja drewnianej architektury sakralnej
ochrona przez przenoszenie zabytków do skansenów
inwentaryzacja budownictwa drewnianego w Polsce
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 1968, 4; 51-58
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Projekty pieczęci Towarzystwa Opieki nad Zabytkami Przeszłości
DESIGNS OF THE SEAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PROTECTION OF HISTORICAL MONUMENTS
Autorzy:
Brykowski, Ryszard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/535681.pdf
Data publikacji:
1978
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
Towarzystwo Opieki nad Zabytkami Przeszłości
TOnZP
pieczęcie Inwentarza Zamku Królewskiego
odznaka TOnZP
Opis:
Among the partly preserved records o f the Society for Protection o f Historical Monuments there are to be found five designs of an Inventory Seal o f the art collection at the Royal Castle in Warsaw. The designs, dating from 1916, are the work of W. Żyliński, a rather unknown architect. The author of the report does not plunge into a detailed description o f the said projects, his attention being focussed on their symbolic meaning which reflected the then political situation o f the Polish nation, its mood and striving for the recovery o f independence. In four designs the date 1915 had been inserted. It was meant to memorize the moment of the Society — a Polish institution set up in the Russian sector o f parti tioned Poland, 1906, upon the initiative of the Society'— having taken over the care o f the Royal Castle in Warsaw after 85 years o f the country’s servitude. The key-note of two designs is the crown o f King Sigismund III, bearing the inscription: „The Royal Castle” to remind it was during his reign that the Warsaw Castle became the residence o f the King o f Poland. In one of the projects of the seal there is an image o f a white eagle — referring to that being Poland’s emblem in the times of King Stanisław August Poniatowski, in another one, a bi-partite shield with the white eagle of the Jagiellonian dynasty, and the arms of Lithuania — to remind the idea of the Commonwealth o f Two Nations which survived throughout the period o f partitions. The only design of the Society’s seal put into effect represents a stylized fourleaf clover inscribed into a circle and with the Society’s initials in its arms and centre. It was that seal that was used for stamping archival records o f the Society for Protection of Historical Monuments.
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 1978, 1; 72-73
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Drewniana cerkiew w Kulasznem : z materiałów IS PAN do inwentarza drewnianej architektury sakralnej w Polsce
THE WOOD-CONSTRUCTED ORTHODOX CHURCH AT KULASZNE, RZESZÓW VOIVODSHIP
Autorzy:
Brykowski, Ryszard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/537934.pdf
Data publikacji:
1975
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
drewniana cerkiew w Kulasznem
wschodni typ cerkwi łemkowskich
Kulaszne
Opis:
The orthodox church of St. Nicolas the Bishop at Kulaszne that is being dealt with in the present report was totally destroyed by fire in 1974. In view of a wide range of research problems associated with it the author considered it necessary to publish a set of materials concerning the above object. Within the first part of publication the archival, bibliographic and illustrative sources are presented then a full description of the object itself and the state of investigations is reported from which it follows that this church has been erected in 1883—1912 on a site occupied previously by another, earlier built church. The newly built church was erected with the use of carcass construction based on a stone sill. It was covered with gabled roofs provided with turrets and a lantern. The plan was divided into three clearly separated bodies with a porch and sanctuary enclosed at three sides. The ceiling was covered with figurai paintings dating from the time of erection. It was the most lately erected church within the space of the Osława Valley at the same time representing one of the last links in a chain of the so-called eastern-type orthodox churches on the territory of an ancient Lemki culture. As its prototype may, among others, be considered the orthodox church at Komańcza (1802—1836). That type of orthodox churches has developed in the first Quarter of the 19th century.
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 1975, 2; 132-136
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Niektóre problemy konserwacji kościoła w Haczowie
SOME PROBLEMS CONNECTED WITH CONSERVATION OF THE PARISH CHURCH AT HACZOW
Autorzy:
Brykowski, Ryszard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/537445.pdf
Data publikacji:
1973
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
kościół w Haczowie
konserwacja kościoła w Haczowie
konserwacja drewna
dokumentacja konserwatorska obiektów drewnianych
późnogotyckie polichromie w kościele w Haczowie
Opis:
The subject of considerations by the author is formed by the lasting several years conservation of the woodconstructed parish church at Haczów, Brzozów district, Rzeszów Voivodship. This late-Gothic edifice belonging to architectural monuments of „О” group and dating as far back as to the mid-fifteenth century is considered to be one of the most valuable objects of wood-built architecture in this country. In 1958—68 the church was subjected to conservation which was carried out by the carpenters’ teams sent by the Museum of Folk Building Art, Sanok. From 1969 forward the conservation that has been ordered by the Voivodship Conservator in Rzeszów is being carried out by the Lublin Branch of the state-owned company known as Ateliers for Conservation of Cultural Property, Jarosław Division. While analysing the main and most urgent needs of the object under conservation the author proposes that the most recent achievements be applied from the field of wood preservation and that the full design documentation be based on that prepared by conservators. As a point of utmost importance must be regarded the measures aimed at inhibiting the decay processes in wood exposed to weather and in consequence to destructive action of fungi and insects. Another important point consists in the need to have an appropriate historical, descriptive and photographic documentation which should be prepared prior to starting any conservating treatments, during their course and on their completion. Only such an exhaustive documentation can furnish a guarantee that the restoration will be carried out in a proper way. The lack of such documentation for the church in question caused that some errors occurred in works already done. To have preserved this specimen of the wood-constructed sacred building it is — according to the author’s suggestions — inevitable to extend the range and the kind of works as well as to accelerate their course, at the same time heightening the quality level of ex e cution. Taking into account the above requirements it seems also necessary to organize a special laboratory that would be entrusted with working out of methods of application of chemicals in conservation and at the same time with supervision over the works carried out. It is the author’s opinion that it is already the highest time to have solved the problem of the so called „timber bank” from which the required quantities of the well-seasoned, say during the three-year period, timber would be available to meet the needs of conservation.
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 1973, 3; 190-200
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stan zachowania zabytków powiatu lubartowskiego
THE STATE OF PRESERVATION OF HISTORICAL MONUMENTS IN LUBARTÓW DISTRICT
Autorzy:
Brykowski, Ryszard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/537957.pdf
Data publikacji:
1975
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
zabytki powiatu lubartowskiego
kościół w Kamionce
kościół parafialny w Lubartowie
krzyż przydrożny w Lubartowie
założenie pałacowe w Zawieprzycach
pałac w Lubartowie
założenie pałacowe w Kozłówce
Opis:
The report discuss the historical monuments in Lubartów district, Voivodship of Lublin from the viewpoint of both their state of preservation and needs of safeguarding. A wide variety of historical monuments ranging from brick-built and wooden architectural objects, the sacral and palatial interiors, the mural and easel paintings, the sculptures, the goldsmith’s works, the textiles, and s.o. are discussed. At a consequence of that survey the author has arrived at the conclusion that the state of preservation of architectural objects depends to a high degree upon the attitudes of their present users and that, in general, those in hands of private owners are preserved in the best state. Quite different in the situation with movable monuments which are better protected by the state institutions. It seems that the causes of losses in resources of historical monuments within the district concerned can be sought mainly in the lack of understanding for historical monuments, in their improper use and the inadequate supervision by conservators. Particularly serious with regard to their conservation needs are observed within the group of the movable historical monuments and this in turn makes the more closer co-operation between the conservators and the Church authorities requivable. The called into being in 1974 by those latter the Main Conservation Committee should devote more attention to the movable historical monuments.
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 1975, 3-4; 228-247
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ochrona zabytków kultury ludowej a skanseny : Muzeum Wsi w Bukareszcie
LA PROTECTION DES MONUMENTS DE LA CULTURE POPULAIRE ET LES SKANSENS. MUSÉE DE LA CAMPAGNE A BUCAREST
Autorzy:
Brykowski, Ryszard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/538408.pdf
Data publikacji:
1967
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
Muzeum Wsi w Bukareszcie
obiekty w skansenie w Bukareszcie
polskie skanseny na tle skansenu w Bukareszcie
ochrona reliktów budownictwa ludowego
Opis:
Le rythme accéléré du processus de la modernisation de la construction rura le en Pologne met en lumière le problème de la protection et de l’inventaire des monuments de l’architecture populaire, en même temps que des objets d’a rt afférents et de la culture matérielle. Il semble bien que la sauvegarde de ces vestiges ne peut être pleinement réalisée que par la mise sur pied des skansens. La conception du skansen, musée en plein air, prit naissance en Suède au début du dernier q u art du siècle écoulé. On a commencé à le réaliser en Pologne dans les premières années du siècle courant, mais son développement était alors entravé par le manque de vie indépendante de l’Etat. Actuellement en Pologne il y a plus de dix postes muséologiques du type „skansen” représentant diverses formes d’organisation et de programme. Filiales des musées de la. région, les skansens se limitent parfois à un seul monument „in situ”. D’autres constituent des centres muséologiques indépendants, des réserves — ensembles de monuments actuellement utilisés, et enfin de grands parcs ethnographiques — les skansens proprement dits. A quel point le problème des skansens est considéré comme important, le fait en témoigne de la constitution par l’UNESCO en 1957, de ПСОМ i(Conseil International des Musées). En Pologne, le Conseil des Parcs Ethnographiques et de l’Architecture en Bois près de la Direction des Musées et de la Protection des Monuments déploie son activité dans ce domaine. A l’heure actuelle dans le monde entier il existe environ 60 musées du type skansen entièrement mis au point et env. 15 en voie d’organisation. Au premier rang se place entre autres le musée- -skansen de Bucarest qui constitue le centre des skansens roumains. Son organisation fut entreprise en 1925 et l’ouverture officielle a eu lieu en 1936. Après sa réorganisation en 1948 il prit le nom du Musée de la Campagne. Sur 10 ha de superficie 59 ensembles historiques comprenant au total 291 monuments de la construction populaire, à grande et petite échelle, représentent 16 sur 17 circonscriptions administratives de la Roumanie. Une maison paysanne d ’un seul tenant constitue le plus ancien de ces monuments. Elle se trouve dans la région de Jassy et provient du XVIIe siècle. Parmi les autres il y en a 10 qui relèvent du XVIIIe s., 40 du XIXe s. et 8 du premier quart du XXe s. Le skansen comprend 23 habitations paysannes, 17 maisons villageoises, bâtisses, moulins à roue et moulins à vent, forges, ateliers d’artisanat villageois, abris de pêcheurs, et de nombreuses petites constructions telles que les dépôts en bois, les portes cochères et les clôtures, les meules, les puits et les grues, les niches etc. qui, avec les monuments du premier rang, constituent le chiffre importan t de 291 monuments-immeubles y compris les monuments de culte tels que les trois églises orthodoxes et les nombreuses croix richement ornées, élevées au bord des routes et sur le terrain des cimetières.
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 1967, 4; 39-46
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Spalona cerkiew z Hulcza i grupa cerkwi tomaszowsko-hrubieszowskich
THE BURNT-DOWN UNIATE ORTHODOX CHURCH AT HULCZE AND A GROUP OF THE UNIATE ORTHODOX CHURCHES IN TOMASZÓW-HRUBIESZÓW REGION
Autorzy:
Brykowski, Ryszard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/537944.pdf
Data publikacji:
1974
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
drewniane zabytki woj. lubelskiego
drewniana architektura sakralna
cerkiew z Hulcza
cerkwie grupy tomaszowsko-hrubieszowskiej
cerkiew z Hrebennego
pożary w zabytkach drewnianych
Opis:
In the south-eastern part of vaivodship of Lublin, and, to be more accurate, within the areas of Tomaszów and Hrubieszów districts and partly in Zamość district may be encountered a group of timber-constructed Uniate orthodox churches characteristic of their specific architectural features which are greatly differing from those present in architecture of orthodox churches in the neighbouring areas. The most ancient sacred buildings of that group are dating from the mid-seventeenth century while those most recently built, from the years ending the nineteenth century. They all were erected as those clearly divided into three parts in their general plans, namely that of sanctuary, nave and a part designed for the feminine worshipers and, in addition, with a strong emphasis on the nave forming both in plan and in the outer shape of the whole building its clearly discernible central portion. The above Uniate orthodox churches are, furthermore, characteristic of considerable heights of their outer walls which the impression cannot be obscured even by a strong enough horizontal accent formed by the overhanging eaves running around the building. Due to the separate roofings applied in all the three main portions of the building and having the shape о-f three domes or a dome crowning the nave and two gable roofs covering the two remaining parts and also owing to the strictly observed rule that the nave should always dominate over the other two portions have been more still emphasised not only the central nucleus and the symmetry of the whole structure but, at the same time, through this perpendicular accentuation of its separate portions was considerably strengthened an impression of its height. Both magnitude, but at the same time a certain tallness of solids of these Uniate orthodox churches seem to be even more striking features in the triple-dome buildings. For special attention deserve the two different, with concern to height, ways that were usually applied for shaping 'of carcasses of these sacred buildings which are either differentiated, i.e. these of nave walls are higher and thus dominating over those of the other two portions (normally having the same heights), or are of the same height in all the three portions of the building and are ending with a common cornice. Buildings in their first version are mainly to be found in the area of Tomaszów district and the so designed objects exibit an unbroken traditional continuity in their forms dating from the mid-seventeenth century until the first quarter of the nineteenth century. Designs representing the second version are grouped in the area of Hrubieszów district and their preserved and well known examples are dating from the nineteenth century. The burnt-down (due to the faulty electrical installation) Uniate orhodox church at Hulcze (erected in 1869) constituted one of the outstanding examples of the „Hrubieszów versionb of that group. The until now gathered documentation allows to state that the territorial range of the timber-constructed Uniate orthodox churches belonging to Tomaszów-Hrubieszów group is covering the territory of the neighbouring deanships of the former Uniate diocese of Chełm and also that the local building tradition was continued throughout the period from the first half of the 17th century until the years ending the 19th century. This tradition must have been one strong enough if even after the abolition in (1875 by the tzarist authorities of the Uniate diocese and after introducing of the orthodox rite lit was able to prevent the penetration of foreign influences which the fact is apparently evidenced by orthodox churches erected after 1875 and planned for the Russian-type liturgy who, however, preserved their former character.
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 1974, 1; 38-44
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Uwagi o konstrukcji, etapach budowy i konserwacji gotyckiego, drewnianego kościoła w Haczowie
REMARQUES SUR L’ARCHITECTURE, L’HISTOIRE DE LA CONSTRUCTION ET LES TRAVAUX DE CONSERVATION CONCERNANT L’ÉGLISE GOTHIQUE EN BOIS DE HACZÓW
Autorzy:
Brykowski, Ryszard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/535770.pdf
Data publikacji:
1966
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
drewniany kościół w Haczowie
konstrukcja kościoła w Haczowie
etapy budowy kościoła w Haczowie
zaczepy w kształcie ludzkiej twarzy
ciesielskie znaki montażowe
Haczów
Opis:
La découverte faite par Jerzy et Stanisław Gadomski en 1955, des fragments de polychromie gothique dans l’église de Haczów a jeté une nouvelle lumière quant à la date de son origine qui, à base de ces constatations, fut reculée de 1624 à la fin du XVe siècle. L’importance de l ’église „découverte à nouveau” est mise en relief par la documentation historique qui 'lui fut donnée en 1957 par Krystyna Chudzioka et Jerzy Gadomski à l’issu des investigations e t fouilles archivales. Les recherches effectuées par l’auteur de l’article présent, sur le plan de l’architecture, ont permis de pénétrer plus en avant dans les cdnnaissances historiques de ce monument. Certains aperçus concernant les diverses étapes des travaux de sa construction ont pu être vérifiés et de nouveaux échelons ajoutés aux faits antérieurement établis. A base de ces recherches et de l’analyse comparative avec d’autres monuments, l ’auteur stipule ce qui suit: l’église de Haczów relève d’une époque beaucoup plus reculée, qu’on ne l’a cru jusqu’ici. Son origine remonte au moins à la moitié du XVe siècle. Les expériences faites attestent la homogénité des façades, de la nef e t du choeur issus de la même époque. Les parements extérieurs ont été traités avec le même soin que les parois de l’intérieur, vu qu’à l’origine ils n ’étaient pas voilés par les coffrages. De la même période date le détail architectonique partiellement conservé. Notamment le portail couronné d’ogive, la poutre de l’entrait appareillée e t les poutres couronnant la façade, profilées e t pourvues de crochets. Le résultat essentiel de cette analyse, consiste à pouvoir affirmer que la charpente du toit tire son origine de la même époque que le reste du bâtiment et que, de l’ancienne sacristie, ne s’est conservé jusqu’à nos jours, qu’une seule façade, celle du côté nord. Peu à peu l’église changea son aspect initial, par suite des adaptations, au moins en ce qui concerne les détails, aux goûts variables de diverses époques et du fait des reparations successives que son état exigea. En plus des restaurations dont les dates sont connues e t portées aux archives (1699 et 1864) une autre date, retrouvée sur la sablière dans les soubassements démontre qu’un travail de restauration, peutêtre seulement de réparation fut effectué en 1720. Toutefois les travaux substantiels, qui résultaient de l’agrandissement et de la modernisation du monument furent réalisés deux fois: vers l’an 1624 et avant 1789. De la première de ces deux périodes relève probablement la tour de l’église e t l’échauguette, le portail de la façade occidentale, les orifices ronds du fenestrage de la nef e t peut-être aussi les auvents. De la deuxième phase de la restauration tire son origine: la chapelle (an 1784), la sacristie remaniée, le petit débarras entre la sacristie et la chapelle, la forme changée du toit du côté nord, le remaniement des plafonds et des auvents (ou même leur construction) peut-être aussi le ralliement de la faite du toit et de la pièce à l’intérieur de la tour. Au terme de ces travaux, à l’intérieur de l’église les parois furent recouverts de peintures polychromes accusant un caractère du baroque tardif. Cette polychromie remplaça une autre, antérieure, datant du gothique tardif et notamm ent comme il résulte des documents archivaux de l’année 1494. Parmi les directives postulées par les conservateurs, celles qui concernent la re construction du monument sont essentielles. Elles suggèrent de restituer la disposition antérieure des toits en appentis surplombant les coffrages (côté nord), de dévoiler la corniche avec ses crochets; successivement elles engagent à reconstruire le pignon ouest de l ’église et de refaire la poutre du couronnement. L’affectation de la dite église constitue un autre problème, étant donné qu’une nouvelle église en brique se trouve en proximité. L’une des solutions les meilleures que les autorités compétentes du service de conservation inclinent à réaliser, c’est d’organiser à l'intérieur de l'église une exposition muséologique. L’église de Haczów constitue l’un des plus précieux monuments de l’architecture religieuse en bois. Et ceci non seulement à l’échelle nationale mais aussi dans tous les pays du sud de l’Europe centrale.
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 1966, 1; 20-31
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Konserwacja trzech obrazów z pojezuickiego kościoła w Łucku
Conservation of Three Paintings From the Post-Jesuit Church in Łuck
Autorzy:
Brykowski, Ryszard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1954619.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Opis:
After 1945 the Polish population left the lands taken over by the Soviet Union. This was the result of the aggression committed against Poland on 17 September 1939, which was sanctioned in the provisions of the conferences in Yalta (February 1945) and Potsdam (July- August 1945). After that the Roman-Catholic cathedral in Łuck (until 1773 a Jesuit church) was closed in 1948 for cult activities by the Bolshevik authorities, similar to most Catholic churches in the Soviet Ukraine. Soon the cathedral was turned into a storehouse, then to a mechanic workshop, and from 1980 the History of Religion and Atheism Museum was opened in it. The cathedral was regained by the Catholic Church in June 1991. During the past 43 years a lot of unfavourable changes took place in its furnishings. Especially many paintings were lost from the numerous collection enriched in the 19th century by paintings taken from other Łuck churches that belonged to religious orders, closed by the Russian invader authorities. In 1996 the then cathedral parish priest, Canon Ludwik Kamilewski, applied to the Board of the Polish Association „Wspólnota Polska” („Polish Commonwealth”) in Warsaw to make an inspection and conservation of two paintings rolled on a drum. Conservation works were organized by the Centre for Polish Cultural Heritage Abroad of the Association „Wspólnota Polska” and they were funded by the Senate of the Polish Republic and the Office of the Government Plenipotentiary for Polish Cultural Heritage Abroad. They were done in the years 1997-1999 by the Conservation Team including Krystyna Kokociń ska, Izabela Malczewska (manager) and Halina Rudniewska. After the works were started it turned out that on the drum there were not two but three paintings from the side altars of the cathedral: Assumption of the Virgin Mary, Apotheosis of St Michael the Archangel (both about 430 x 205 cm) and St Francis of Sales (about 260 x 137 cm). The state of preservation of the paintings was bad; the losses of paint in Assumption of the Virgin Mary reached about 40% and in the remaining paintings ranged from 10% (Apotheosis of St Michael the Archangel) to 15% (St Francis of Sales). There were also considerable losses of the original canvas, especially on the edges; and the size of the paintings and a lack of a properly equipped room formed hard working conditions for the conservators. After cleaning their back sides all the three paintings were doubled on a new canvas (‘on wax’); next their faces were cleaned with ammonia soap and turpentine; new canvas was inserted in the places where the original canvas was missing and it was ironed; all the losses of the undercoat were complemented with chalk and glue filler and retouched with water-colours and varnished, and when the varnish was dry pointing and reconstruction of bigger paint losses were done in oil and resin; and the paintings were varnished again. For all the three paintings also new frames were made. On 17 September 1999 the last of the three paintings – Assumption of the Virgin Mary – returned to its original place. Two of the pictures – Apotheosis of St Michael the Archangel and Assumption of the Virgin Mary – like the painting The Holy Trinity from the high altar (the painting was burnt in 1924) in the first decade of the 20th century were connected with the name of Tadeusz Kuntze, the Polish painter educated in Rome and known there as Taddeo Polacco. Earlier all the three paintings had been attributed to the Polish painter Marceli Bacciarelli. During the conservation on the painting Apotheosis of St Michael the Archangel a hardly legible signature ‘Tadeusz Kuntze 1786’ was found. Finding it allows us to transfer the picture from the group of paintings attributed to that painter to the group of ones that are documented; at the same time it makes probable the information that when during Bishop Karol Niedziałkowski’s rule (1901-1911) in the Łuck diocese the three paintings were taken out of the altars inscriptions were found on them proving that they were painted by T. Kuntze; the above mentioned signature could be one of them. Tadeusz Kuntze, born in 1733, left Poland for good in 1759 and in 1763 or 1765 he settled down in Rome where he died in 1793. Making the three paintings for the Łuck cathedral was an important order; hence answering the question if the artist executed it in Rome or during a stay in Poland we don not know about would be interesting. May be an answer to this question can be found in the future. Who painted St Francis of Sales is still unknown. May be this will be changed by research in the archives or by comparative-style studies. During the reported conservation works it was pointed that the painting was initially a little bigger and at a certain moment it was adjusted to the smaller altar niche, which is proven by the painted candlesticks in the upper part of the painting that are cut. This could happen in the 19th century, after possible taking over the painting from one of the Łuck monasteries, closed by the Russian authorities. The conservation works on the paintings from the Łuck cathedral helped save three precious monuments of the Polish national heritage that are abroad, in the lands that used to be part of the Polish State; now they are common cultural heritage of Poland and the Ukraine.
Źródło:
Roczniki Humanistyczne; 2002, 50, 4 Special Issue; 543-566
0035-7707
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Humanistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
W sprawie architektury cerkiewnej województwa rzeszowskiego
Autorzy:
Brykowski, Ryszard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/538707.pdf
Data publikacji:
1957
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
budownictwo cerkiewne woj. rzeszowskiego
inwentaryzacja zabytków na Rzeszowszczyźnie
rozbiórki cerkwi
zniszczone zabytkowe obiekty cerkiewne
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 1957, 2; 99-112
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dwór w Niemcach przestał istnieć
THE MANOR HOUSE AT NIEMCE CEASED TO EXIST
Autorzy:
Brykowski, Ryszard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/538087.pdf
Data publikacji:
1975
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
drewniany dwór w Niemcach
rozbiórka dworu w Niemcach
Niemce
Opis:
The widely discussed case of demolition in 1974 of a wooden manor, house at Niemce, Lubartów district by its usor, a State Farm is dealt with by the author. Already in 1972—1973, as a result of field inspection carried out by a team of experts from the Institute of Polish Art, Polish Academy of Sciences it was perfectly known that this historic building was systematically devastated. The author presents the fragments from correspondence between the user and the Voivodship Conservator from which it clearly follows that persons heading the State Farm were aware about the historic values of the manor house. Wishing to perpetuate the memory of this building the author presents the description of building erected in the first half of the 19 th century. The original structure was erected in the form of carcass constructed of wood which with time has been cladded with brick and plastered. In a single-floor, double-duct manor house with a column-supported porch were preserved the parquetry floors and ancient finishings. The gable roof was partly covered with shingles. In the course of surveys carried out it has proved that architectural forms present in the manor house supplied a model for buildings in the village of Niemce where up to the present day be found the farm houses having the same forms.
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 1975, 2; 136-141
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Spalony kościół w Pisarzowicach oraz niektóre problemy ochrony drewnianego budownictwa sakralnego
Autorzy:
Brykowski, Ryszard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/535351.pdf
Data publikacji:
1966
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
Spalony kościół w Pisarzowicach
konserwacja drewnianych obiektów sakralnych
zabezpieczenie drewnianych kościołów przed pożarem
Pisarzowice
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 1966, 1; 85-89
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Problemy badawcze i konserwatorskie budownictwa drewnianego - sympozjum naukowe PKZ, Jarosław 7-8 czerwca 1972
Autorzy:
Brykowski, Ryszard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/535661.pdf
Data publikacji:
1972
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
Muzeum Budownictwa Ludowego w Sanoku
budownictwo drewniane
sympozjum naukowe PKZ 1972
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 1972, 4; 298-301
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-25 z 40

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