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Tytuł:
Czy dualizm bytowej struktury człowieka? (Stanowisko św. Tomasza z Akwinu)
Is There Dualism in Man's Ontic Structure? (St. Thomas Aquinas' Standpoint)
Autorzy:
Rydzewska-Friedrich, Bożena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2016302.pdf
Data publikacji:
1993
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Opis:
From the very beginning European philosophical thought seems to be intuitively aware that man consists of two components: a material and a spiritual one. As a consequence of this arises the problem of the „double-ness” of human nature, a question which has lately been lively discussed in philosophical works. On the one hand, man as such seems not to be divided into a material soul and an immaterial body, but on the other hand he transcends the material world and the laws it is ruled by. That is why man is supposed to have something apart from his material body, viz. an immaterial soul. Taking a limited view neither materialists nor spiritualists need to defend the inner unity of man. Thus they think that man is either a material body and nothing more, or a spiritual body and nothing more. Nevertheless, dealing with philosophical works we cannot help observing time and again that conclusions derived from material or spiritual theories are, like it or not, simplifications. − Is dualism the only way to avoid oversimplifying the nature of man? The answer Thomas Aquinas gives us sets out from a view of man reduceable neither to dualism, nor materialism, nor spiritualism. Man is a soul existing in itself as in a subject. The soul is depending on the matter it organizes in its action. Soul and matter constitute a substantial and real unity. Thomas Aquinas' standpoint is not based on prejudices which would make it difficult to create an adequate theory of the real being. Soul and body are not different substances, neither are they mere features. They are realized by one and the same act of existence within essentially one being. To explain man's unity and transcendence of the material world a substructural theory has to be applied. Substructural elements − as e.g. essence, existence, form, matter, act or potence − and their mutual relationships must be taken into account. No other way to successfully explain such a complicated being as man seems to be has yet been discovered.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 1993, 41, 1; 223-235
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Państwo jako społeczność naturalna według św. Tomasza z Akwinu
The State as a Natural Community According to St. Thomas Aquinas
Autorzy:
Piwowarski, Władysław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1861283.pdf
Data publikacji:
1995
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Opis:
St. Thomas was certainly under the influence of Aristotle when he adopted the view that the State is a natural community, i.e. grounded in social human nature. It does not result from a social contract or class divisions of society, but is anchored in people as substantial subjects of social life. In view of this it has always existed in both an embryonic and developed form. And what is more, it will last as long as people will last. The author presented Thomas’s thesis about the natural character of the State in the following way: he first showed the genesis of the State based on an analysis of human nature; then he pointed out what the essence of the State and its basic functions consist in; eventually, he evaluated the opinions of St. Thomas against the background of the medieval theories of the State. The most important statement being that it is the aim, that is common good of all citizens, that decides about the essence of the State. The content of this good defines the basic functions of the State to which belong the following: ensuring material needs, care about good and virtuous life, and preserving internal order and external security. The thesis of the natural character of the State does not fall under any questioning, and yet some opinions over the centuries have undergone changes. We mean especially economical independence and religious character of the State. Even if the latter is developed to the utmost degree, it is and cannot be autarkic. The more so it cannot serve some supernatural aims, because this belongs to the tasks of religious community. The State’s activity must be reduced to the present day. Having thus corrected Thomas’s opinions, the thesis of the natural character of the State is fully justified. No wonder that it has been approved in the social teaching of the Church initiated by Leo XIII.
Źródło:
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych; 1995, 1; 11-26
0137-4176
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
W poszukiwaniu „prawdziwego” Tomasza. Wstępny zarys współczesnych badan nad etyką św. Tomasza z Akwinu
In Search of the „true” Thomas. An Introductory outline of Studies on the Ethics of St Thomas Aquinas
Autorzy:
Ślipko, Tadeusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1860753.pdf
Data publikacji:
1997
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Opis:
The treatise is an attempt at a synthetic characteristic of Thomas Aquinas’ ethics: its doctrinal and methodological assumptions, composite elements and its profile. At the grounds of that ethics we find the following philosophical-anthropological system: metaphysics of being, personalistic anthropology, conception of conscience and happiness, and the idea of finality. The idea of the ultimate goal and happiness plays an essential role here, therefore the ethical thought of the Aquinate should be included within the eudemonistic trend. There are many interpretations of Thomas’ ethics, and many of them are controversial. It is not an ethics of virtues, ethics of values or ethics of law and obligation. It is the ethics of moral good, natural law and cardinal virtues creating together an integrated moral system directed at man’s ultimate goal bound with the absolute and transcendent Good, that is God. The eudaimonism of St Thomas is essentially different from all those trends which explain man’s happiness in terms of immanent naturalism and hedonistic subjectivism. Thomas, however, takes into account those aspects of man’s life and his acts with a turn to the subject, but at the same time he links them, in a harmonious way, with the recognition of the objective moral order. Therefore he recognizes the objective criteria of moral good and evil, the objective rational and moral order, the need for happiness, and above all natural law based on the eternal Divine law. Thomas’ ethics has an absolute character, yet it is not a radical absolutism, for it differentiates in it the universal and stable elements from those which are variable, that is secondary. The former elements are grounded on the unchangeable human nature, the latter takes into account the historical and social conditions. The ethics of the „true” Thomas leaves the gate open for further ethical reflections.
Źródło:
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych; 1997, 25, 1; 63-83
0137-4176
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Spójność teorii partycypacji zawartej w tekstach świętego Tomasza z Akwinu
Consistency of the theory of participation contained in the texts of Saint Thomas Aquinas
Autorzy:
Pawlikowski, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2016246.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Opis:
W swoim artykule stawiam pytanie, czy teoria partycypacji, którą można znaleźć w pismach św. Tomasza z Akwinu, w swoich podstawowych punktach zgadza się z jego metafizyką. Aby odpowiedzieć na to pytanie, analizuję kilka tekstów doktora Anielskiego, poświęconych problematyce partycypacji.Po przeprowadzeniu badań mogę stwierdzić, że u św. Tomasza teoria partycypacji opiera się na koncepcji aktu i władzy, i obejmuje wszystkie stopnie bytu, jak w dwóch innych jego wielkich teoriach, to znaczy w teorii przyczynowości i teorii analogii, które są fundamentalnymi punktami całej jego nauki.Widzimy więc, że teoria partycypacji jest integralną i naprawdę ważną częścią doktryny metafizycznej doktora Anielskiego, chociaż wiemy, że jest to kwestia, która zrodziła się w szkole platonistów i neoplatonistów. La cohérence de la théorie de la participation présentée dans des écrits de Saint Thomas d’Aquin Dans mon article, je pose la question si la théorie de la participation, qui se trouve dans des écrits de Saint Thomas d’Aquin, s’accorde à sa métaphysique en ses lignes fondamentales. Pour répondre à cette question, j’analyse plusieurs textes de Docteur Angélique consacres à la problématique de la participation.Après mes recherches, je peux dire que chez Saint Thomas la théorie de la participation est fondée sur la conception de l’acte et de la puissance, et qu’elle comprend tous les degrés de l’être, comme dans deux ses autres grandes théories, c'est-à-dire, la théorie de la causalité et la théorie de l’analogie, qui sont des points fondamentaux de tout son enseignement.On voit donc que la théorie de la participation est un élément intégral et vraiment important de la doctrine métaphysique de Docteur Angélique, bien que l’on sache que c ’est une question qui est issue de l’école des Platoniciens et Neo-Platoniciens.
In my article, I ask the question whether the theory of participation found in the writings of Saint Thomas Aquinas, complies with his metaphysics in its fundamental lines. To answer this question, I analyze several texts by Doctor Angelic devoted to the issue of participation. After my research, I conclude that Aquinas' theory of participation is founded on the concepts of the act and power, and that it includes all the degrees of being, as in two of his other great theories: the theory of causation and the theory of analogy, which are fundamental points of all his teaching. We see then, that the theory of participation is an integral and really important part of the metaphysical doctrine of Doctor Angelic, although we know that this is a question which came from the Platonists and Neo-Platonists.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2000, 48, 1; 103-126
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Realne złożenie a realna różnica. Istota i istnienie w doktrynie św. Tomasza z Akwinu i Idziego Rzymianina
Real Composition and Real Difference. Essence and Existence in Doctrine of St Thomas Aquinas and Giles of Rome
Autorzy:
Kępa, Rafał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/941458.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Opis:
The question about reality of the difference between existence and essence in creatures was one of the main problems of medieval metaphysics. The above text is an attempt to reconstruct two answers to this question: by Thomas Aquinas and Giles of Rome. Thomas Aquinas is a person most often associated with the problem of real difference. It seems, however, that the doctrine of Giles of Rome was also very important for the development of the problem. For example, Giles was the first to call the difference between existence and essence the "real difference". The doctrines of the two authors concerning real difference were often believed to be identical. However, beside some similarities, we can also find important differences between them. Aquinas appears to teach about real composition of existence and essence, while Giles writes about the real difference between the two, and he is so radical as to say that existence and essence are two different "things". In Giles' doctrine, we can also find clear Neo-Platonic influences. Giles puts special stress on accidental character of existence. This way he returns to Avicennian essentialism, discarded by St. Thomas.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Philosophica. Ethica – Aesthetica – Practica; 2001, 14
0208-6107
2353-9631
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Philosophica. Ethica – Aesthetica – Practica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Samowystarczalność najwyższego dobra u Platona, Arystotelesa i Tomasza z Akwinu
Self-sufficiency of the ultimate good in Plato’s, Aristotle’s and Thomas Aquinas’ works
Autorzy:
Galewicz, Włodzimierz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2016131.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
aksjologia
Platon
Arystoteles
Tomasz z Akwinu
dobro
szczęście
axiology
Plato
Aristotle
Thomas Aquinas
the human good
happiness
Opis:
The subject of the article is the condition of self-sufficiency (autarchy) as the criterion of the ultimate good. This criterion first appears in Plato’s Philebus, and then it is used by Aristotle. According to the characterization of the ultimate good contained in the seventh chapter of Book I of Nicomachean E th ic s, the self-sufficient good has to be sufficient, that is it has to be a good that does not leave any unfulfilled desires, and at the same time is axiologically superior, that is surpassing all other kinds of good with its value. This condition for axiological superiority allows two interpretations: the absolutist and the relativist ones. The absolute superiority would be vested in the ultimate good if it was unsurpassable, that is if it was a good whose value cannot be increased by adding some other good to it. The relative superiority of the ultimate good only requires that it surpasses with its value every good that is completely different from it, e.g. does not comprise it as its component. A clearly relativist interpretation of the Aristotelian condition of self-sufficiency as the criterion of the ultimate good that can be achieved in human life is proposed by St. Thomas Aquinas in his commentary on Nicomachean Ethics. Although he also does not reject the concept of self-sufficient good that is not a component of a sum of goods that have an even higher value, he treats self-sufficiency understood in this absolute way as a characteristic of Go d ’s good.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2001, 49, 1; 5-23
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Filozoficzne aspekty medytacji religijnej
The Paper Deals with the Problem of Religious Meditation
Autorzy:
Lasik, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2015935.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
Bóg
człowiek
intelekt
medytacja
modlitwa
religia
zmysły
Tomasz zAkwinu
wola
God
human being
intellect
meditation
prayer
religion
senses
Thomas Aquinas
will
Opis:
The attitude of the Catholic Church towards this matter has been briefly mentioned in the introduction. The main body of the article presents an attempt of philosophical (realistic) characteristic of the nature of religious meditation. Ontological pluralism and creationism have been found as one of the main metaphisical features of the world. However our main attention has been drawn to the antropological implications of the act of meditation. In the article some works concerning religious meditation written by St. Thomae Aquinatis have been recolled. Not only for reasons however but mainly because of timless, realistic solution given there. Meditation is shown as sensual-intellectual cognitive act when the thruth concerning God and the human being is considered. This truth, of natural and revelled kind, due to sensibilities are expressed in the impressions which have an impact to the intellect for further considerations. Cognitive operations are followed by an appetite constituted in acts of senses and mainly in acts of will. The paper has also shown some further consequences of the obtained results. It has been pointed out that an act of religious meditation cannot be seen as one of difficult to explain structure, relies on drowning in unconceptualized atmosphere of God's presence. On the contrary, religious meditation appears to be a highly rational act, having objective foundations, understable (to some extend) for a human being.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2002, 50, 2; 67-82
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Akwinata, Kaliban i Piętaszek na wspólnym bankiecie? Ścieżki i bezdroża antykanibalizmu
Aquinas, Caliban and Friday at a cannibalistic bonfire? The vagaries of the theology of anti-cannibalism.
Autorzy:
Mydla, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/467438.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Opis:
Jacek Mydla Aquinas, Caliban and Friday at a cannibalistic bonfire? The vagaries of the theology of anti-cannibalism. The essay sets out to explore the ideological dispute over cannibalism during the Wars of Religion in its contemporary academic treatment. A special focus of interest is on the theological and metaphysical involvement of the contemporary discourse of cannibalism, represented here by two recent publications: Cannibals by Frank Lestringant (1994) and Cannibalism and The Colonial World (1995), a collection of essays edited by Francis Barker, Peter Hume, and Margaret Iversen. A glance at the recent discourse of cannibalism makes it possible to label it “Protestant" as opposed to “Catholic". References to the religious dispute over transubstantiation, and linguistic reformulations of the theological dilemmas do little justice to the metaphysical traditions on which the Catholic dogma originally rested. The much-discussed imputed allegorisation and symbolisation of the Eucharist corresponds to the allegorisation and symbolisation of the cannibal, characteristic of the colonial experience and its cultural appropriation in the Western world, is itself ridden with ambiguities. revealed in attitudes that scholars display towards religious controversies.
Jacek Mydla Aquinas, Caliban and Friday at a cannibalistic bonfire? The vagaries of the theology of anti-cannibalism. The essay sets out to explore the ideological dispute over cannibalism during the Wars of Religion in its contemporary academic treatment. A special focus of interest is on the theological and metaphysical involvement of the contemporary discourse of cannibalism, represented here by two recent publications: Cannibals by Frank Lestringant (1994) and Cannibalism and The Colonial World (1995), a collection of essays edited by Francis Barker, Peter Hume, and Margaret Iversen. A glance at the recent discourse of cannibalism makes it possible to label it “Protestant" as opposed to “Catholic". References to the religious dispute over transubstantiation, and linguistic reformulations of the theological dilemmas do little justice to the metaphysical traditions on which the Catholic dogma originally rested. The much-discussed imputed allegorisation and symbolisation of the Eucharist corresponds to the allegorisation and symbolisation of the cannibal, characteristic of the colonial experience and its cultural appropriation in the Western world, is itself ridden with ambiguities. revealed in attitudes that scholars display towards religious controversies.
Źródło:
ER(R)GO: Teoria – Literatura – Kultura; 2003, 7
1508-6305
2544-3186
Pojawia się w:
ER(R)GO: Teoria – Literatura – Kultura
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Od autentycznego chrześcijaństwa ku autentycznemu humanizmowi. Perspektywa świętego Tomasza z Akwinu
Towards Authentic Humanism Starting from Authentic Christianity. The Approach of St. Thomas Aquinas
Autorzy:
Grocholewski, Zenon
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2015813.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
tomizm
humanizm integralny
humanizm chrześcijański
prawda
Wcielenie
osoba ludzka
thomism
integral humanism
christian humanism
truth
Incarnation
human person
Opis:
1. The incarnation of Christ is the deep root, the sound foundation and the ultimate apex of Christian humanism. God was made man. In the fact of the Incarnation is the supreme and universal reason for new humanity, for what humanity is, what humanity wants to be in its noblest wishes and what it will be. The single truth about man revealed by Jesus Christ, `the way, the truth and the life' (Jn 14:6), and the `eldest – born among many brethren' (Rm 8:29) – makes the dignity of the human being, created in the image and likeness of God (por. Gen 1:26), shine forth in its fullness.2. The Holy Father John Paul II, often recognised as Defensor hominis, has appreciated and developed in a forceful way the teaching of St. Thomas Aquinas in the spirit of Vatican Council II (OT 16, GE 10). He himself gave the Angelic Doctor the new title of Doctor Humanitatis, a title added to Doctor Divinitatis and Doctor Communis Ecclesiae. As a philosopher of the person, the Pope had already drawn up his philosophical approach which was deeply rooted in Thomistic metaphisics and anthropology, from which arises the need for ethics and aesthetics. In the encyclical letter Fides et Ratio (43-45), the perennial newness of the thought of St. Thomas Aquinas is offered at the dawn of the third millennium as a proven path of Catholic philosophy and theology.3. St. Thomas Aquinas demonstrated humanism to us as a philosopher and even more as a theologian; as a man, as a Christian, and as a religious. The concept of the `person' in Thomistic doctrine reflected one of the fundamental new features of Christian thought. In addition, by specifying the relations that exist between philosophy and teology, St. Thomas also provided the principle for the solution to the problem of Christian humanism. Basing the mystery of man in the actus essendi, and recognising his natural capacity to know truth, he embraced the mystery of integral humanity in its opening to transcendence and the absolute, in its theological being, capax Dei.4. At the dawn of the third millennium the need urgently presents itself for the promotion of genuine Thomism, open to dialogue with the world and able to engage in a discussion with today's various philosophical currents; a Thomism that in its recta ratio is directly nourished by the gospel spirit of the Holy Angelic Doctor. The spirit of Thomistic balance should be promoted, on a pilgrimage amongst the peoples of the earth and participating in the new evangelisation.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2003, 51, 2; 5-19
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Naturalna niezniszczalność ciał niebieskich według św. Tomasza z Akwinu
Natural Indestructibility of Heavenly Bodies according to St Thomas Aquinas
Autorzy:
Karas, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2013933.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
filozofia średniowieczna
św. Tomasz z Akwinu
tomizm
ciała niebieskie
kosmologia
metafizyka
arystotelizm chrześcijański
medieval philosophy
St Thomas Aquinas
Thomism
heavenly bodies
cosmology
metaphysics
Christian Aristotelianism
Opis:
The subject of the article is the question of the nature of heavenly bodies in St Thomas Aquinas’ approach. The Dominican thinker, using Aristotle’s cosmology, tries to present his understanding of the Stagirite’s theory concerning natural indestructibility of heavenly bodies, which he treats as relatively perfect beings built of ether and indestructible in the world of nature, although they are contingent and created by God. The issue proves the Angelic Doctor’s independence and self-reliance; studying the universe he not only used Aristotle’s cosmology but he verified it with theological knowledge basing his considerations on the ancient and medieval commentators of the Greek philosopher. In St Thomas’ studies his conviction about relative formal and material perfection of metaphysical components of heavenly bodies is of significant importance. The conception of indestructibility of heavenly bodies also presents methodological assumptions of the metaphysics developed by the Dominican thinker who made the rules of Aristotle’s philosophy relative.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2005, 53, 1; 109-128
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Prawo stanowione a wolność człowieka (z perspektywy filozofii nowożytnej i św. Tomasza z Akwinu)
Positive Law and Man’s Freedom (from the Perspective of Modern Philosophy and St Thomas Aquinas’ Philosophy)
Autorzy:
Skrzydlewski, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2013906.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
prawo stanowione
wolność
św. Tomasz z Akwinu
positive law
freedom
St Thomas Aquinas
Opis:
Modern and contemporary times have brought a juxtaposition and a peculiar rivalry between the positive law and man’s freedom that have not been known earlier. This is accompanied not only by a tendency to give law and freedom autonomy, but also to separate them from man’s nature, from real order of social life and from the moral dimension of human activities. The article undertakes an attempt at revealing the ostensible character of the antagonism between positive law formulated by man and freedom. In the author’s opinion, this antagonism, so distinct in modern conceptions referring to liberalism, anarchism, as well as to totalitarianism and collectivism and other trends — can be solved not by engaging in a discussion with participants of the dispute, but by showing the truth of reality itself, or by understanding the nature of human freedom itself and the nature of law itself. Thus the author of the present article claims that basic explanation of the relation of human freedom to positive law needs studying reality of law itself and reality of human freedom itself. Non-antagonistic character of the relation between positive law and human freedom was best shown and explained by St Thomas Aquinas (STh I-II, q. 90-97).
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2005, 53, 2; 189-216
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ziemia jako część Wszechświata w kosmologii św. Tomasza z Akwinu
The Earth as Part of the Universe in Saint Thomas Aquinas’ Cosmology
Autorzy:
Karas, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2013440.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
kosmologia św. Tomasza z Akwinu
geocentryzm
arystotelizm
metodologia w kosmologii
miejsce Ziemi w kosmosie
Saint Thomas Aquinas’ cosmology
geocentric system
Aristotelianism
methodology in cosmology
place of the Earth in the universe
Opis:
The present article aims at presenting the place the Earth takes in the universe in Saint Thomas Aquinas’ cosmology. The author of the article is of the opinion that Aquinas’ writings, exceeding Aristotle’s commentary, were a comprehensive attempt at answering the question about the real structure of the universe. In the Dominican scholar’s methodology a creative aspect can be seen of the critical assessment of the knowledge available in those times. Such an attitude facilitated a further development of cosmology and is the basis of the value of Saint Thomas’ considerations. He still remained within the system of a geocentric world, but he prepared the data for building a new model of the universe.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2006, 54, 1; 41-68
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zagadnienie aktu stwórczego w kwestii 44 części I Sumy Teologicznej św. Tomasza z Akwinu
The Problem of the Act of Creation in Question 44, Part I of Thomas Aquinas’ Summa Theologica
Autorzy:
Pawlikowski, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/494676.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Naukowe Franciszka Salezego
Opis:
In Western theological and philosophical tradition, God is conceived to be the Creator of all that exists. The doctrine of creatio ex nihilo (creation out of nothing) has longstanding centrality in this understanding, by the time of Aquinas, concerns over the possibility of the universe itself existing from eternity led to thinking of creation out of nothing as the generic category of which initial creation. This doctrine involves, by St. Thomas Aquinas, areas of philosophical concern of Aristotle’s theory of four causes and Plato's theory of the participation, and the relationship between each. For Aquinas, the act of creation includes God’s activity as the efficient, exemplar and final cause every contigential things. The creation is the act whereby God brings a things into existence from a state of non-existence, but what is peculiar to creation is the entire absence of any prior subject-matter - ex nihilo subjecti. It is therefore likewise the production totius substantiæ - of the entire substance. The preposition ex, “out of”, imply that nihil, “nothing”, is to be conceived as the material out of which a thing is made - materia ex qua. Moreover, the things or beings as an object of the creative act in its entitative dependence on the Creator, it follows that, as this dependence is essential, and hence inamissible, the creative act once placed is coextensive in duration with the creature’s existence and perfections. This is the participative dependence beings created on God. What makes possible coherence between theory of four causes and theory of the beings participation is Aquinas’ theory of analogy. This is general theory in Aquinas’ metaphysics. The analogy of beings allows to show as coexistences two difference aspects of the same created things: its dependence on God as Prima Causa and on God as being absolutely perfect (the created beings aren’t perfect, but they participate in its own act of existence and own perfections created by God). God as being absolutely perfect – fullness of perfection is the Self-subsistens Being itself – Ipsum Esse per se subsistens.
Źródło:
Seminare. Poszukiwania naukowe; 2008, 25; 191-204
1232-8766
Pojawia się w:
Seminare. Poszukiwania naukowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Istota (bytu) w ujęciu Arystotelesa i św. Tomasza z Akwinu
The Essence (of Being) in Aristotle’s and Saint Thomas Aquinas’ Formulation
Autorzy:
Maryniarczyk, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2012932.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
istota
istnienie
filozofie esencjalne
essence
existence
essentialist philosophies
Opis:
In ancient and medieval philosophy three traditions may be pointed to, in which three conceptions were formed of understanding of the essence. One of them is the identity conception of the essence, according to which “essence” is another name for pre-element. The second one may be called epistemological; according to this conception the essence is what is signified with the definition of the thing. And the third conception may be called metaphysical (relational), where the essence is understood as one of the constitutive elements of being that may fulfill the function of the subject, and also of the correlate of the act of existence. The problem of understanding the essence of being, especially in Aristotle’s philosophy, lies at the foundations of the so-called essentialist philosophies, that is ones, for which something general, constant and unchanging, with different statuses of being, are the subject of analyses. No wonder then that the accepted conception of the object of academic study of cognition and the general conception of cognition are at the foundations of understanding of the essence (of being). For this reason the issue of understanding the essence (of being) does not occur in the non-compositional conceptions of being and interpretations of reality that tend to monism, but it does appear and assumes the form of a dispute, along with accepting the compositional conception of being and distinguishing of the cognition order and the being order, which we first of all owe to Aristotle. He tied understanding of the essence with the proper object of philosophical cognition.  In the Middle Ages the issue of the essence (of being) assumed a new form of explanation owing to St Thomas Aquinas. He tied understanding of the essence and its correlate, that is the act of existence, and rejected understanding of the essence as an arrangement of necessary features, which are realized on various levels of being: in individuals, in cognitive approaches (generic), and in pure capacities that were induced by Avicenna and developed by John Duns Scott and other philosophers of that age. It is owing to these two latter ones that the issue of the essence was transferred from metaphysics to epistemology and became binding for essentialist trends in modern and contemporary philosophy.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2010, 58, 1; 155-173
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Muzyka w kontekście myśli teologicznej św. Tomasza z Akwinu
Music in the context of theological thought of St. Thomas Aquinas
Autorzy:
Bramorski, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/559331.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Gdańskie Seminarium Duchowne
Tematy:
estetyka
muzyka
muzyka liturgiczna
piękno
św. Tomasz z Akwinu
aesthetics
beauty
liturgical music
music
St. Thomas Aquinas
Opis:
W szerokiej problematyce, którą podejmował w swych dziełach św. Tomasz z Akwinu odnaleźć można także odniesienia do muzyki, chociaż zagadnienie to nie zostało przez niego opracowane w sposób całościowy. Tomaszową koncepcję muzyki należy rozpatrywać w kontekście jego myśli teologicznej i estetycznej. Dlatego konieczne jest ukazanie najpierw koncepcji piękna, które Akwinata pojmuje jako drogę do spotkania z Bogiem. Na tle jego teorii estetyki, muzyka jawi się jako element cnoty religijności, który realizuje się w liturgii. Wyrazem tego są skomponowane przez św. Tomasza hymny ku czci Najświętszego Sakramentu, które do dnia dzisiejszego obecne są w praktyce liturgicznej Kościoła.
St. Thomas Aquinas integrated into Christian thought the rigours of Aristotle’s philosophy. His aesthetics, although connected with his theology and ethics, has not always received sufficient attention. Certain passages of his Summa Theologiae are devoted to beauty. Aquinas defines beauty in Aristotelian terms as that which pleases solely in the contemplation of it and recognizes three prerequisites of beauty: perfection, appropriate proportion and clarity. His basic ideas, drawn from the classical world, are modified in the light of Christian theology and developments in metaphysics and optics during 13th century. Music is touched upon in his writings. He looks at the concrete applications of the conception of transcendental beauty in his theory of music. Author considers Thomas’s idea of music in the following ways: beauty as a way of meeting God; church music as a religious virtue; liturgical music; St. Thomas as a “cantor of the Eucharistic Christ”. Thomas considers objective value and goodness of music, addressing its physical nature and metaphysical properties, such as in the hymns of the office of Corpus Christi attributed to Thomas’s faith and theological wisdom.
Źródło:
Studia Gdańskie; 2010, 27; 91-110
0137-4338
Pojawia się w:
Studia Gdańskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 381

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