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Tytuł:
Designing constraints in evaluation of ship propulsion power
Autorzy:
Charchalis, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244237.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
seagoing ships
hull coefficient
hull dimensions parameters
propulsion power
Opis:
Preliminary ship owners' assumptions for new ship consist of deadweight (for container vessel load capacity TEU), speed shipping line and others. Taking it as a base, in early stage of design one has to select propulsion type. This goal needs definition of principal dimensions of a vessel, which are the base for further calculations of hull’s resistance and evaluation of necessary power of main engine (engines) to fulfil shipping requirements. Selection of main dimensions of vessel is limited by rules regarding buoyancy, stability, hull strength, manoeuvring capability, and limitations related to seaways or harbours characteristic. In this paper is presented the methodology of calculation of principal parameters of a vessel, necessary for calculation of displacement in relation to vessel’s type, volumetric coefficients, Froude number, and others values affecting ship’s dimensions. It is about midship section coefficient, waterline coefficient, prismatic coefficients and hull feature and area coefficients. Those values are necessary for calculation of hull resistance. In the table are presented comparison of results of calculations above mentioned values and movement resistance and propulsion power of three container vessels representing different load capacity and one bulk carrier. There are also presented different calculation methods of transverse midship section coefficient and wet area coefficient, for 5000TEU container vessel.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 1; 29-34
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Estimation of hull’s resistance at preliminary phase of designing
Autorzy:
Charchalis, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246841.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
seagoing ship
hull coefficient
hull dimensions parameters
hull resistance
propulsion power
statek morski
współczynnik kadłuba
wymiary kadłuba
parametry
odporność kadłuba
siła napędowa
Opis:
In this paper are presented the methodology of calculation of hull resistance components, principal parameters of a vessel, necessary for calculation of displacement in relation to vessel’s type. That methodology concerns analysis of designing ways at early stage of ship’s power calculation. Ship owners' preliminary assumptions for new ship consist of deadweight (for container vessel load capacity TEU), speed shipping line and others. Taking it as a base, in early stage of design one has to select propulsion type. This goal needs definition of principal dimensions of a vessel, which are the base for further calculations of hull’s resistance and evaluation of necessary power of main engine (engines) to fulfil shipping requirements. In the paper, are presented major constraints for designing of new vessels coming from ship-owner assumptions such as seafaring limitations and safety of shipping regulations due to Classification Societies Rules or coming out from designing experience. In the paper are presented components of ship’s resistance and methods of total resistance calculations what is a basis for power calculation and propulsion designing. Moreover, are presented results of calculations of resistance components of different types of ships, and variety of displacement and sailing velocity. It has to be assumed, that presented method concerns preliminary design stage and can vary from different ships classes and constructions of hulls.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2017, 24, 1; 77-82
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Average fuel consumption by a ship on a sales line in statistical weather conditions
Autorzy:
Szelangiewicz, T.
Żelazny, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27315961.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
STE GROUP
Tematy:
zużycie paliwa
prędkość statku
moc napędowa
linie żeglugowe
średnie statystyczne parametry pogodowe
fuel consumption
ship speed
propulsion power
shipping lines
average statistical weather parameters
Opis:
During operation of the ship, fuel consumption and associated emissions are very important for economic and ecological reasons. The fuel consumption is greatly influenced by the choice of shipping route, weather conditions on these routes and engine control criteria. The article presents its own algorithm for forecasting ship operation parameters, including fuel consumption on selected shipping routes for average, statistical (seasonal) weather parameters occurring on these routes. It shows what factors have the main impact on fuel consumption and how you can affect fuel consumption during the cruise in changing weather conditions.
Źródło:
New Trends in Production Engineering; 2018, 1, 1; 573-579
2545-2843
Pojawia się w:
New Trends in Production Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Prediction power propulsion of the ship at the stage of preliminary design Part II: Mathematical model ship power propulsion for service speed useful in the preliminary design
Prognozowanie mocy napędu statku na etapie projektowania wstępnego Część: Matematyczny model mocy napędu statku dla prędkości eksploatacyjnej przydatny w projektowaniu wstępnym
Autorzy:
Szelangiewicz, T.
Żelazny, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/410104.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
STE GROUP
Tematy:
power propulsion
service speed
preliminary design
moc napędu statku
projektowanie wstępne
prędkość eksploatacyjna
Opis:
During the design of the ship the most important decisions are made at the stage of preliminary design. One of the most important design parameters assumed by the shipowner is its service speed in real weather conditions occurring in the shipping line. For this speed, at the stage of preliminary design, when are known only to the basic geometric parameters of the ship should be determined motor power. In practice design, power propulsion is determined with a very approximate formulas but for the speed in calm water. Only after the project contract and the signing of the contract are carried out by means of resistance and self-propulsion of model test. The paper presents a mathematical model for determining the power propulsion for the assumed operating speed. This model is dependent only on the basic geometric parameters of the hull of the ship and the weather parameters occurring in liner shipping. Also shows the results of calculations according to this model, the power propulsion for one of vessels built.
Podczas projektowania statku najważniejsze decyzje zapadają na etapie projektowania wstępnego. Jednym z najważniejszych parametrów projektowych zakładanych przez armatora statku jest jego prędkość eksploatacyjna w rzeczywistych warunkach pogodowych występujących na linii żeglugowej. Dla tej prędkości, na etapie projektowania wstępnego, gdy znane są tylko podstawowe parametry geometryczne statku, powinna być określana moc silnika napędowego. W praktyce projektowej, moc napędu określana jest z bardzo przybliżonych wzorów ale dla prędkości na wodzie spokojnej. Dopiero po wykonaniu projektu kontraktowego i podpisaniu kontraktu wykonywane są basenowe badania oporowo-napędowe modelu statku. Na podstawie tych badań jest m.in. określana moc nominalna silnika napędowego oraz oszacowana jest, na podstawie dodatku żeglugowego, prędkość eksploatacyjna. W artykule przedstawiono matematyczny model określania mocy napędu statku dla zakładanej prędkości eksploatacyjnej. Model ten jest uzależniony tylko od podstawowych parametrów geometrycznych kadłuba statku oraz od parametrów pogodowych występujących na liniach żeglugowych. Przedstawiono także wyniki obliczeń, według tego modelu, mocy napędu dla jednego ze zbudowanych statków.
Źródło:
Management Systems in Production Engineering; 2017, 4 (25); 231-236
2299-0461
Pojawia się w:
Management Systems in Production Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Prediction power propulsion on the ship at the stage of preliminary design. Part I: Forecasting method for power propulsion on the ship at the stage of preliminary design
Prognozowanie mocy napędu statku na etapie projektowania wstępnego. Część I: Metoda prognozowania mocy napędu statku na etapie projektowania wstępnego
Autorzy:
Szelangiewicz, T.
Żelazny, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/410020.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
STE GROUP
Tematy:
power propulsion
service speed
preliminary design
moc napędu statku
projektowanie wstępne
prędkość eksploatacyjna
Opis:
During the design of the ship the most important decisions are made at the stage of preliminary design. One of the most important design parameters assumed by the ship owner is its service speed in real weather conditions occurring in the shipping line. For this speed, at the stage of preliminary design, when are known only to the basic geometric parameters of the ship and its motor power should be determined. In practice, design, power propulsion is determined with a very approximate formulas but for the speed in calm water. Only after the project contract and the signing of the contract are carried out by means of resistance and self-propulsion of model test. The article presents the concept of the method for determining the power propulsion for the assumed service speed, which depends only on the basic geometric parameters of the ship's hull.
Podczas projektowania statku najważniejsze decyzje zapadają na etapie projektowania wstępnego. Jednym z najważniejszych parametrów projektowych zakładanych przez armatora statku jest jego prędkość eksploatacyjna w rzeczywistych warunkach pogodowych występujących na linii żeglugowej. Dla tej prędkości, na etapie projektowania wstępnego, gdy znane są tylko podstawowe parametry geometryczne statku, powinna być określana moc silnika napędowego. W praktyce projektowej, moc napędu określana jest z bardzo przybliżonych wzorów ale dla prędkości na wodzie spokojnej. Dopiero po wykonaniu projektu kontraktowego i podpisaniu kontraktu wykonywane są basenowe badania oporowo napędowe modelu statku. Na podstawie tych badań jest m.in. określana moc nominalna silnika napędowego oraz oszacowana jest, na podstawie dodatku żeglugowego, prędkość eksploatacyjna. W artykule przedstawiono koncepcję metody określania mocy napędu statku dla zakładanej prędkości eksploatacyjnej, uzależnionej tylko od podstawowych parametrów geometrycznych kadłuba statku.
Źródło:
Management Systems in Production Engineering; 2017, 2 (25); 125-130
2299-0461
Pojawia się w:
Management Systems in Production Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Conception of vehicle of individual personal transport with hybrid pneumatic propulsion
Autorzy:
Drogosz, P.
Paszkowski, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242398.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
individual personal transport
ecologic vehicles
air powered vehicles
pneumatic vehicles
hybrid pneumatic and human power propulsion
Opis:
This paper describes the conception of an individual personal transport vehicle. The conception of the vehicle is based on a mechanical structure of a bike and on a pneumatic engine as equipment of power support. The research was done as an analysis of existing vehicles with main or supporting gas power systems. In the research the expectations of users, technical resources as well as known constructions were taken into account. At the beginning, the technical properties of known methods and modern vehicles available for individual personal transport of people were reviewed. Next, some vehicles which can meet economic, ecologic and environmental criteria were identified. Finally, the authors proposed usage of extremely small and light-weight vehicles. It appears that the smallest, lightest and most economic construction of vehicles should be modeled on the bike. For power convenience on uphill roads compressed air as a supporting power factor was proposed. It also implied the possibility to use supporting power system as main power engine. However, the economic storage and management of compressed gas required optimization system of gas usage. This optimization depends on pulse wide modulation of air valve flow and possibility of air compression. Air compression is possible by driving downhill or on fixed vehicle by human muscle power. Those circumstances warrant to name such power system a hybrid pneumatic propulsion.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 1; 63-70
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analyzing the feasibility of an unmanned cargo ship for different operational phases
Autorzy:
Røstum Bellingmo, P.
Wille, E.
Nordahl, H.
Mørkrid, O. E.
Holte, E. A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201463.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
autonomous ship
navigation
cargo handling
mooring
communication
power and propulsion
technical feasibility
regulatory feasibililty
Opis:
The maritime industry has begun to look into autonomous ships as an alternative to conventional ships due to growing pressure to reduce the environmental impact of maritime transportation, to increase safety, to mitigate the growing challenges in recruiting seafarers, and to increase profit margins. There is a lot of research on the challenges and feasibilities of an autonomous ship. However, there is less discussion on the transition from manned to unmanned ships and the tasks that are feasible to automate before the whole ship is unmanned. This paper investigates the technical and regulatory feasibility of automating different tasks for different operational phases for a large cargo ship. This study shows that a fully unmanned cargo ship is not feasible today, but that some tasks can be automated within the next five years.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2023, 17, 2; 397--404
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Symulacja niegotowości systemu siłowni okrętowej oparta na drzewie niezdatności
A Simulation of the Unavailability of Marine Power Plant System Based on the Fault Tree
Autorzy:
Chybowski, L.
Matuszak, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/360249.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
system energetyczno-napędowy statku
drzewo niezdatności
symulacja niegotowości systemu siłowni
EXPLO-SHIP 2004
ship power-propulsion system
fault tree
simulation of power plant unavailability
Opis:
Na przykładzie systemu energetyczno-napędowego statku wspomagającego eksplorację dna morskiego dokonano symulacji niegotowości tego systemu. Analizę wykonano opierając się na drzewie niezdatności metodą aproksymacji kresu górnego i algorytmem dokładnej kalkulacji.
The power-propulsion system of a ship exploring seabed was used for a simulation of the unavailability of the system. The analysis was performed on the basis of a fault tree by the upper limit approximation and with the use of the accurate calculation algorithm.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2004, 1 (73); 145-159
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Energy efficient and environmentally friendly hybrid conversion of inland passenger vessel
Autorzy:
Litwin, W.
Leśniewski, W.
Kowalski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/259006.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
ship propulsion
hybrid propulsion
green shipping
zero emission
solar power
Opis:
The development and growing availability of modern technologies, along with more and more severe environment protection standards which frequently take a form of legal regulations, are the reason why attempts are made to find a quiet and economical propulsion system not only for newly built watercraft units, but also for modernised ones. Correct selection of the propulsion and supply system for a given vessel affects significantly not only the energy efficiency of the propulsions system but also the environment – as this selection is crucial for the noise and exhaust emission levels. The paper presents results of experimental examination of ship power demand performed on a historic passenger ship of 25 m in length. Two variants, referred to as serial and parallel hybrid propulsion systems, were examined with respect to the maximum length of the single-day route covered by the ship. The recorded power demands and environmental impact were compared with those characteristic for the already installed conventional propulsion system. Taking into account a high safety level expected to be ensured on a passenger ship, the serial hybrid system was based on two electric motors working in parallel and supplied from two separate sets of batteries. This solution ensures higher reliability, along with relatively high energy efficiency. The results of the performed examination have revealed that the serial propulsion system is the least harmful to the environment, but its investment cost is the highest. In this context, the optimum solution for the ship owner seems to be a parallel hybrid system of diesel-electric type.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2017, 4; 77-84
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Determination of main dimensions and estimation of propulsion power of a ship
Autorzy:
Charchalis, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244443.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
ship propulsion
Marine Power Plant
database
ship’ dimensions
Opis:
TEU number, which is the container ships’ crucial designing factor, directly influences the main hull dimensions such as displacement V , length L, breadth B, draught T, their combinations and block coefficient CB. The main dimensions have a great impact on developing the ships resistant performance. Thus, it is really fundamental to establish the correct dimensions of the hull during the design and ship building process. Estimating the shape of the ship’s hull, that comprises its main dimensions, is one of the basic tasks as part of the preliminary design stage. The most significant decisions determining ships performance, its duration and building costs are made at the beginning of the preliminary stage, when the costs are relatively low. It is important to limit the total ship resistance, for instance, by lowering the wave ship resistance as much as possible, especially when the operational speed and TEU number carried by one vessel is increasing. That resistance depends on the operational speed expressed by Froude number. The resistance criteria and the existing hull dimensions limits, resulting from ships route, must be taken into consideration bearing in mind safety conditions such as ships stability and seaworthiness, when the main ships dimensions are being determined. In the paper are presented general rules for calculations of ship’s hull principle dimensions and total power of engines of container ship 1300TEU and 18 kn at preliminary stage of design process.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 2; 39-44
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A method of power distribution in the power transmission system of a remotely operated vehicle
Rozdział mocy w układzie napędowym zdalnie sterowanego pojazdu podwodnego
Autorzy:
Garus, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/282065.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Mechaniki Teoretycznej i Stosowanej
Tematy:
underwater vehicle
power transmission system
distribution of propulsion
Opis:
The paper addresses a method of distribution of propulsion for an unmanned underwater vehicle. The method is developed on basis of the decomposition of a configuration matrix describing the layout of thrusters in a power transmission system. The proposed solution of power distribution is worked out for the control system of the remotely operated vehicle "Ukwiał" designed and built for the Polish Navy. The algorithm has been tested for track-keeping control both for faultless work of thrusters and failure of one of them. Some computer simulations are provided to demonstrante the effectiveness and correctness of the approach.
W pracy przedstawiono sposób rozdziału mocy w układzie napędowym bezzałogowego pojazdu podwodnego. Do rozwiązania zadania dystrybucji naporów na poszczególne pędniki wykorzystano rozkład macierzy konfiguracji pędników względem wartości szczególnych. Zamieszczono algorytmy rozdziału mocy dla sprawnego układu napędowego, jak i dla stanu awarii jednego z pędników. Metoda rozdziału mocy została opracowana z uwzględnieniem jej praktycznego zastosowania w układzie sterowania zbudowanego dla potrzeb Marynarki Wojennej zdalnie sterowanego pojazdu podwodnego typu "Ukwiał". Zamieszczono wyniki badań symulacyjnych ruchu pojazdu, ze sprawnym i uszkodzonym układem napędowym, przemieszczającego się po zadanej trajektorii w płaszczyźnie poziomej.
Źródło:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics; 2004, 42, 2; 239-251
1429-2955
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Two design concepts of power plant for an inland waterways passenger ship intended for operating on BERLIN – KALININGRAD route
Autorzy:
Bocheński, D.
Rudnicki, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/260447.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
inland waterways passenger ship
ship power plant
ship propulsion systems
Opis:
This paper presents two most probable design solutions of power plant for a two-segment passenger ship intended for operating on inland waterways of Poland, Germany and Russia. Preliminary designs of the main power plant to be installed on the pusher are presented, as well as requirements for the auxiliary power plant to be placed on the barge are outlined.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2006, S 2; 52-56
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of shaft line alignment accuracy on the operational reliability of marine propulsion systems
Autorzy:
Murawski, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/241911.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
shaft line alignment
marine propulsion systems
propulsion system's bearings damages
operating parameters of the power transmission system
Opis:
The paper presents a method of identification parameters of shaft line alignment and its influence on operational reliability of marine propulsion system. The discussion about shaft line parameters (bearings' reactions, bending moment and shear forces acting on crankshaft or gear box, and stresses distribution in the shaft line) which has an influence on marine propulsion system reliability was presented. Proper shaft line alignment is often a problem for repair shipyards, for aged ships without sufficient documentation. Some data can be draw by measurements; e.g. shaft line dimensions or intermediate bearings' reactions. Other data (stern tube bearing load, real axis of shaft line) have to be determined on the base of calculations. Author proposed combined experimental-analytical method for identified and optimization (correction) some existing parameters and checking power transmission system’s foundation. Specialised software (based on Finite Element Method) has been developed for shaft line alignment calculations. Main novelties of the software are elastic supports (model of bearings – boundary conditions) of the shaft line, continuous support as a model of stern tube bearing and influence coefficients calculations. An example analysis with discussion has been performed for cargo ships with medium-speed main engine. Multi-variant computations supported by measurements of the ships’ shaft line have been carried out. Changes in shaft line alignment have been proposed in order to increase reliability of propulsion system.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 1; 247-254
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Utilisation of data base in preliminary design of marine power plant
Autorzy:
Charchalis, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244415.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
ships propulsion
Marine Power Plant
database
ship’s general dimensions
Opis:
The paper presents general rules of utilization of database, called „significant ships list,” for preliminary design of ship’s propulsion and configuration of power plant. Knowledge collected in the database is related to new buildings classified according to type, displacement, shipping class etc. It encompass general dimensions, characteristics of mobility ,propulsion’s power and type of main engines and propulsors, electric power plant, boilers and main mechanisms of a power plant. In the paper is presented method of utilization of the significant ships list during design of a container ship with capacity of 1300 TEU and speed of 18 knots. The first step of propulsion and main engine’s selection is determination of main dimensions, i.e. displacement, length, draft and breadth. That dimensions cannot be selected random way, due to hull’s mobility, stability and durability constraints. The list of significant ships consisted of 30 units, and amongst them, 17 were selected and analyzed. Others were rejected because of significant difference from mean values what could be due to different class of the ships.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 1; 43-48
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Economical analysis of selected variants of power plant for inland waterways passenger ship intended for operating on Berlin - Kaliningrad route
Autorzy:
Bocheński, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/260439.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
inland waterways passenger ship
ship power plant
ship propulsion systems
Opis:
This paper contains an economical analysis of three selected variants of power plant for inland waterways passenger ship intended for operating on Berlin-Kaliningrad route. Purchase cost of elements of the ship’s energy system and fuel consumption cost were assumed as the assessment criterion for the analyzed variants of the ship’s power plant. The economical indices : Average Annual Cost (AAC) and Net Present Value (NPV) were taken into consideration.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2006, S 2; 47-51
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 35

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