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Tytuł:
Estimation of the J-curve effect in bilateral trade of Poland
Ocena efektu krzywej J dla dwustronnego handlu prowadzonego przez Polskę
Autorzy:
Slimakova, J.
Stavarek, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/78395.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
estimation
J-curve
trade
bilateral trade
exchange rate
international trade
trade balance
Polska
Źródło:
Folia Pomeranae Universitatis Technologiae Stetinensis. Oeconomica; 2013, 73
2081-0644
Pojawia się w:
Folia Pomeranae Universitatis Technologiae Stetinensis. Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Merchandise trade in the eaeu integrating environment
Autorzy:
Hrechyshkina, Olena
Samakhavets, Maryia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1051334.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
integrating environment
EAEU
merchandise trade
mutual trade
foreign trade
Opis:
The paper aims to identify the main trends and recommendations for the development of merchandise trade in the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) integrating environment through the analysis of its mutual and foreign (internal and external) merchandise trade. The study is based on the official statistical data for 2014–2018 and economic comparisons and systematisation (including geographical systematisation). The results show that the intensification of mutual and foreign trade in the EAEU is possible by stimulating consumer and industrial demand, enhancing exports of high tech products and diversifying exports, and strengthening the cooperation within the EAEU and with other countries and integration associations.
Źródło:
Quaestiones Geographicae; 2019, 38, 4; 163-174
0137-477X
2081-6383
Pojawia się w:
Quaestiones Geographicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Possible Directions for the Agricultural Trade Liberalisation under Doha Round and the European Unions Stand. Conclusions for Poland
Możliwe kierunki liberalizacji handlu rolnego w ramach Rundy Doha a stanowisko Unii Europejskiej. Wnioski dla Polski
Autorzy:
Daszkowska, Elżbieta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2033574.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007-12-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Poznaniu. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
Trade liberalization
Doha round
Agricultural trade
Opis:
This article aims at presenting the agricultural aspect of ongoing negotiations in the scoupe of the Doha Round. In this paper are set out interests and positions of the most important groups of countries in WTO and key pillars of agriculture negotiations.
Negocjacje liberalizujące handel światowy w zakresu rolnictwa w ramach obecnej Rundy Doha koncentrują się na trzech obszarach tematycznych: dostępu do rynku, wsparcia wewnętrznego i konkurencji eksportowej. Kluczowych uczestników tych rokowań można zaklasyfikować w kilka ugrupowań w zależności od postulowanego stopnia otwarcia sektora agrarnego. Do najważniejszych uczestników rokowań należy zaliczyć takie państwa, jak: USA, UE, Brazylię i Indie i to właśnie od uzgodnień tych krajów będzie zależał stopień przyszłej liberalizacji handlu światowego artykułami rolnymi. KE przedstawiła swoje postulaty negocjacyjne w ofercie złożonej 28 października 2005 roku. Największy zakres możliwych do akceptacji ustępstw dotyczy pierwszego filaru negocjacji, z kolei możliwość liberalizacji instrumentów wsparcia eksportu jest najbardziej warunkowa. Ponieważ przyszłe zobowiązania przyjęte przez KE będą wywierać bezpośredni wpływ na warunki funkcjonowania rolnictwa w Polsce, jest konieczne, aby KE zachowała możliwość stosowania środków ochronnych w rolnictwie, takich jak klauzula SSG. Interes gospodarczy Polski wymaga również modyfikacji przez KE listy towarów wrażliwych, tak aby w większym stopniu odzwierciedlała ona produkty rolne cenne dla gospodarki Polski, takie jak: mięso wołowe, wieprzowe, cukier, mleko i produkty mleczne, niektóre owoce i warzywa. Dodatkowo Polska powinna zwiększyć działania promujące jakość i wyjątkowość polskich produktów tradycyjnych i regionalnych. Jest to niezwykle istotne, gdyż w wyniku działań liberalizujących handlu należy oczekiwać zwiększonego napływu towarów rolno-spożywczych z krajów trzecich bez możliwości uzyskania przez Polskę analogicznej rekompensaty. Komitet 133 jest bardzo dobrym miejscem, na forum którego Polska może prezentować swoje kluczowe postulaty chroniące sektor rolny. Poza tym Polska może zabiegać o poparcie dla swojej pozycji wśród krajów, w których sektor agrarny odgrywa równie istotną rolę, jak Francja i Irlandia.
Źródło:
Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development; 2007, 6, 385; 13-25
1899-5241
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An analysis of the evolution of Albanian - Greek trade flows
Autorzy:
Sulillari, Junada
Nasto, Kostandin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1375565.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Międzynarodowy Instytut Innowacji Nauka – Edukacja – Rozwój w Warszawie
Tematy:
imports
exports
the balance of trade
structural change
trade flows
trade partner
Opis:
The aim of this study is to realize an analysis of the trade relations between Albania and Greece. Through the study, researchers want to show how trade relations between these countries have changed during the years, and also want to reveal some of the things that dominate these relations. Part of the study will also be the analysis that will help understand the relationship between the trade flows and the Greek GDP. Also, it will be possible to see if these trade flows have experienced any shock during the period taken into consideration. The analysis will be realized by using an econometric linear model, and to discover if there has been any shock, the Error Correcting Model will be used. The study proved that Greece is one of the main trade partners of Albania. The volume of the trade flows with Greece represents an important part of the overall trade flows of Albania. Based on the dates analyzed the study revealed that imports composition has changed more in comparison with the exports. The study also revealed that there has been a shock in the trade flows during the period taken into consideration.
Źródło:
International Journal of New Economics and Social Sciences; 2019, 9(1); 167-180
2450-2146
2451-1064
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of New Economics and Social Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Food Safety: A Developing Country Perspective
Autorzy:
Togan, Sübidey
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/29431121.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024-03-28
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Nauk Ekonomicznych
Tematy:
food safety issues
food trade
trade facilitation
Opis:
Developing countries, trying to achieve an acceptable level of food safety at the least possible cost (efficiency objective) and facilitation of market access to the large and lucrative developed country food markets (market access objective), could follow the multilateral, regional, unilateral or the independent approach. The paper studying the pros and cons of these approaches aims to determine the most appropriate food safety reform package. It shows that the best approach is the unilateral. Under this approach the achievement of efficiency objective requires the adoption and implementation of the multilateral approach. The achievement of market access objective requires the adoption and implementation of the regulatory regime of the developed country whose markets the developing country is intending to penetrate. Instead, the paper proposes that the developing country adopts and implements the developed countries‘ regulatory regime only in agricultural sub-sectors with highest comparative advantage scores, and that in all other agricultural sub-sectors the country should adopt and implement the regulatory regime as developed by multilateral approach. Since the tasks associated with designing and implementing the food safety policy reform are challenging, the paper advocates that this task should be left to a new institution, the ‘Food Safety Council‘, which needs to be formed as an autonomous public institution with sufficient financial and technical resources.
Źródło:
Central European Economic Journal; 2024, 11, 58; 54-66
2543-6821
Pojawia się w:
Central European Economic Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Future prospects for multilateral and bilateral trade negotiations
Autorzy:
Tyner, W.E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/572472.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
future prospect
multilateral trade negotiation
bilateral trade negotiation
negotiation
trade
Doha round
GATT round
agriculture
trade negotiation
Opis:
The GATT agreement was the first to include agriculture and to cover both border protection and domestic and export subsidies for agricultural products. The round completed successfully in 1994. The subsequent Doha or Development round aimed at furthering progress launched in GATT has not been so successful. This paper explores why the Doha round has been difficult and why it now appears there will not be a meaningful agreement. Developing countries are much more numerous today in WTO, and they insist on an agreement to better their situation. Agricultural subsidies are still a major impasse between rich and poor countries. The absence of the industrial sector to balance agriculture also is an impediment. Furthermore, bilateral and regional agreements have made much more progress and provide many of the gains that might eventually come from a multilateral agreement. Recent work has concluded that domestic reforms are key to achieving the gains of any trade agreement, and they will be essential for Poland to capture the gains from EU membership.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego; 2006, 14
2081-6960
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Development of Polish foreign trade in agri-food products after Poland’s accession to the EU
Rozwój polskiego handlu zagranicznego produktami rolno-spożywczymi po akcesji Polski do UE
Autorzy:
Grzelak, M.M.
Roszko-Wojtowicz, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/37281.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
trade development
Polish trade
foreign trade
agro-food product
Polska
accession
European Union
Źródło:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia; 2015, 14, 4
1644-0757
Pojawia się w:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The EU’s Common Trade Policy: Implementation of the Concept of Sustainable Development and Free Trade in the Era of De-Globalization Processes?
Autorzy:
Latoszek, Ewa
Dugiel, Wanda
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/969457.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
Tematy:
Free Trade
Sustainable Development
Common Trade Policy
Trade Agreements
System of Customs Preferences
Opis:
The purpose of the article is to show the importance of the European Union’s common commercial policy in implementing the concept of sustainable development. The article uses the qualitative and quantitative method, analysis of Polish and foreign literature and analysis of a number of free trade agreements, signed or negotiated in the form of free trade zones and the system of customs preferences (GSP). The analysis concerns EU trade relations in the context of the implementation of sustainable development assumptions. In the new generation trade agreements, economic growth is served by the use of both the idea of free trade and sustainable development. The starting point for the analysis is the discussion of the promotion of the idea of sustainable development by the European Union based on accepted liberal solutions in the common EU trade policy, currently used in the period of weak development of international trade. The second point discusses the European Union’s strategy in the common trade policy, developed on the basis of UN resolutions on sustainable economic development. The third point examines the issue of problems in achieving the goals of sustainable economic development in the case of developing countries.
Źródło:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs; 2018, 4; 23-46
1428-149X
2719-3780
Pojawia się w:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The impact of the rise of global supply chains on the foreign trade policy
Autorzy:
Puślecki, Zdzisław W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/569980.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
foreign trade policy
global supply chains
anti-protectionist forces
cooperating on trade policies
multilateral trade negotiations
bilateral trade policy
Opis:
The main aim of the article is the indication of the impact of the rise of global supply chains on the foreign trade policy. The subject of the discussion and theoretical contribution in the undertaken research program are new tendencies in international business − the rise of global supply chains, the impact of the rise of global supply chains on the political economy of trade and countries motivations for cooperating on trade policies and the rise of global supply chains and increasing importance of bilateral agreements in the foreign trade policy. It is important to underline that a few multinational firms are responsible for a major share of world trade and for the rise of global supply chains. On the one hand, these firms should support regulatory harmonization across different Preferential Trade Agreements (PTAs) in order to lower trade costs. On the other hand, they might also resist harmonization – and encourage certain non-tariff measures – in order to prevent new competitors from entering markets. This may partly explain the persistence of regulatory divergence, and suggests that the political economy of regulatory convergence, especially in the conditions of the rise of global supply chains, may be more complex than is sometimes suggested
Źródło:
Ekonomia XXI Wieku; 2016, 3 (11); 208-227
2353-8929
Pojawia się w:
Ekonomia XXI Wieku
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Belt and Road Initiative as a tool for promoting EU–China trade. Poland’s case
Autorzy:
Szypulewska-Porczyńska, Alina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/692617.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Poznaniu
Tematy:
BRI
trade barriers
Polska
China
trade in goods
Opis:
The aim of the study is to evaluate the potential role of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) for promoting EU – China trade, and especially Poland – China trade. We test two hypotheses: 1) Non-tariff barriers (NTBs), particularly related to railway transport, are significant for Poland – China trade, and 2) Poland – China trade fits railway transport well. Therefore, we start with a study of the significance of tariff and non-tariff barriers in mutual trade relations, including transport-related barriers. NTBs are mainly derived from the EU Market Access database, and as for transport-related barriers – the logistics performance index (LPI) is used. As the next step, we study the composition of bilateral trade in static and dynamic terms using the OECD TiVA database. In the light of the significant increase in NTBs on EU manufacturing products exported to China and the railway transport infrastructure performance in Poland, the BRI could become an effective tool for improving the business environment for EU exporters. By contrast, the BRI project is more suitable for China and the EU as a whole than for Poland in terms of commodity structure of bilateral trade.
Źródło:
Research Papers in Economics and Finance; 2020, 4, 2; 29-40
2543-6430
Pojawia się w:
Research Papers in Economics and Finance
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application of open multi-commodity market data model on the communication bandwidth market
Autorzy:
Kasprzak, P.
Kaleta, M.
Pałka, P.
Smoliła, K.
Toczyłowski, E.
Traczyk, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/308563.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
communication bandwidth trade
market clearing
multi-commodity trade
Opis:
In the paper the market model for balancing communication bandwidth trade (BCBT) is analyzed in the form of multi-commodity market data model (M3). The distinguishing feature of BCBT model is that it assumes that market players can place buy offers not only for isolated network resources - inter-node links, but also for end-to-end network paths of predefined capacity, that is, every offer concerns a point-to-point bandwidth connection between a pair of specified locations in a communication network. The model enables effective balancing of sell and buy offers for network resources in a way which maximizes global economic welfare. The open multi-commodity market data model provides efficient and clear mechanisms, which support the environment of auctions and multi-commodity exchanges, especially when the trade is constrained by the infrastructure resources. Thus the model may be used in designing open information systems for market balancing and clearing in the context of multicommodity trade in various network infrastructure sectors.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2007, 4; 45-50
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Retail Service Quality Scale (RSQS) as an Example of Quality Service Scale Used in Traditional Trade
Autorzy:
Ingaldi, Manuela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2064606.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
STE GROUP
Tematy:
RSQS
service quality
trade-related service
traditional trade
Opis:
We make purchases almost every day. We buy some products very often (e.g. food), others less often (e.g. furniture, car). Shops, selling products to customers, are not their producers, but rather provide them with services (commercial service). It is important that the customer, after making the purchase, is satisfied not only with the product, but also with the purchasing process itself. In order to determine what are the reasons for customer satisfaction or dissatisfaction, it is necessary to assess the quality of services, i.e. the process of making purchases by customers. In the available literature, there are many methods that are used to assess the service quality. However, their use is associated with the need to identify attributes that could well describe the service provision process, but also be a source of knowledge about customer satisfaction. The Retail Service Quality Scale (RSQS) developed by Dabholkar and his colleagues is applicable to assess the quality of services provided by shops, so it can be a ready-made tool that does not require the researchers to define attributes, as would be the case when using traditional methods. The aim of the paper was to assess the quality of operation of a traditional shop using the RSQS methodology. This study was carried out using a paper questionnaire that contained the attributes proposed in the RSQS. The survey was conducted among customers of a selected shop. The analyzed results made it possible to determine the quality level of commercial services provided by the research shop and to indicate its strengths and weaknesses. Additionally, the possibility of using the ready-made RSQS scale to assess the quality of commercial services provided in Polish economic realities was confirmed.
Źródło:
Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering; 2021, 4, 1; 431--441
2545-2827
Pojawia się w:
Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ethical aspects of the world trading system on the example of Fair Trade
Autorzy:
Zajaczkowski, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/653160.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Fair Trade
developing countries
development disparities
international trade
Opis:
The effect of globalization is not only an improvement of living conditions in developing countries, but also a widening of development disparities and economic inequalities between countries of the rich North and the poor South. The Fair Trade can be considered as a response to emerging problems of development. Therefore, it can be perceived as a form of assistance directed to the marginalized producers in the Global South by enabling them to manufacture, sell and distribute goods to markets in developed countries. This is an alternative to the existing formula of international trade; whose aim is to help producers in the South by integrating them into the current trading system under certain conditions. The idea is to create a new business relationship between producer and consumer, where the production and consumption are bound together in a new supply chain and where the economic benefits are distributed more fairly. It means that the prices of Fair Trade products are set at a level that would ensure a steady income to the producer and would lead to raising their living standards and prosperity. The ethical aspects of the Fair Trade system are clear. The problem is whether the Fair Trade standards can be used on a wider scale in the global economy, whereas there is an evident clash of certain ethical values with market economy rules based on maximizing profits and increasing efficiency.
Źródło:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2018, 21, 7; 45-58
1899-2226
2353-4869
Pojawia się w:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A new method for calculating mirror data asymmetry in international trade
Autorzy:
Markowicz, Iwona
Baran, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/19233591.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
international trade
intra-community trade
mirror data
COMEXT
Opis:
Research background: Some statistics are of a bilateral nature. This is how foreign trade data is organized. They are recorded both in the supplier and recipient countries, hence they are called mirror data. The data recorded at both trading partner countries are not the same for different reasons. Such differences between data on the same groups of transactions are often referred to as the asymmetry of mirror data. The information about the value of the flows of goods are of great importance in economic analyses and therefore their quality is particularly important. Purpose of the article: The aim of this paper is to present a new measure of data asymmetry - the aggregated quantity index with value-based weights. Methods: The proposed measure combines the quantity and the value of turn-over in individual trade relations. Such a measure makes it possible to eliminate basic deficiencies in value-based measures, while considering the specificity of trade in individual countries. The proposed measure of data asymmetry was confronted with several measures present in the literature and previously used by the Authors. The numerical example uses Comext data on intra-Community trade in 2017 provided by Eurostat. Findings & Value added: The proposed measure performs better than all the previously used data asymmetry indices. It is to some extent immune to exchange rate differences and inconsistencies resulting from the inclusion of transport and insurance costs in the value of goods. In addition, it gives lower weights to unimportant trade directions than other data asymmetry indices. Since the new index has proved to be better than the measures previously used, it is worth applying to those trade relations where the data are not de-rived from customs documents, but from declarations made by businesses, as in the case of intra-Community trade.
Źródło:
Oeconomia Copernicana; 2020, 11, 4; 637-656
2083-1277
Pojawia się w:
Oeconomia Copernicana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of the export potential of Latvia with EU countries categorized by groups of goods
Autorzy:
Pancenko, Erica
Ivanova, Tatyana
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/499410.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Biznesu w Dąbrowie Górniczej
Tematy:
Foreign trade
Export potential
Competitiveness
Indicative trade potential
Opis:
The relevance of the research subject is related to the fact that exports are an integral part of the overall economic potential of any state and largely determine the pace of its economic development. The slowing of export growth relates to exports to the EU countries in recent years; the negative trade balance of Latvia with these countries increases the need to analyse the factors affecting the realisation of export potential and to search for opportunities to do so. The purpose of this study is to analyse the export potential of Latvia to the EU countries, categorised by groups of goods. To achieve the goal of the study, it was necessary to determine the essence of the export potential, identify factors that affect the implementation of the country’s export potential and assess the export potential of trade between Latvia and the EU countries by groups of goods. The study used quantitative and qualitative methods of analysis, statistical data analysis, as well as methods for assessing the potential of Latvian exports to the EU countries. As a result of the study, groups of goods with trade potential for export to the EU countries have been identified.
Źródło:
Forum Scientiae Oeconomia; 2018, Volume 6 (2018) Issue No. 2: Economic Growth, Innovations and Lobbying; 37-50
2300-5947
Pojawia się w:
Forum Scientiae Oeconomia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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