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Tytuł:
Consumption and Savings of Drinking Water in Selected Objects
Autorzy:
Vaverka, Igor
Jakimiuk, Aleksandra
Trach, Yuliia
Koda, Eugeniusz
Vaverková, Magdalena Daria
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1838427.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
water saver
water consumption
profitability analysis
water use
kindergarten
Opis:
Water is essential to the proper functioning of kindergartens and schools. Nevertheless, water consumption in public facilities is usually high, often exceeding the average household water consumption. Recently, increasing pressure on this valuable and depletable natural resource has been noticed and, therefore, it is interesting to study the water consumption in kindergartens and the possibilities of water saving. The present work examined 6 kindergarten facilities in Kyjov, Czech Republic, where the equipment has been enhanced with the faucet water saving technology. The work analyzed the impact of the equipment on the reduction of water consumption as a raw material and on the financial and economic profitability. The results were estimated based on the variation of two parameters such as average daily water consumption and demand per person. The experiment showed that installing the savers resulted in water savings ranging from 8% to 18.7% for average daily consumption and from 10.02% to 23.2% for per capita demand.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 5; 13-25
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Farmers’ perception of climate change and gender sensitive perspective for optimised irrigation in a compound surface-ground water system
Autorzy:
Dawit, Meseret
Dinka, Megersa Olumana
Halefom, Afera
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2073745.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
agriculture
climate change
gender perspective
water use
Opis:
Water is becoming a scarce resource due to the immense intensification of agricultural activity, climate change, and demographic pressure. Hence, information on water use/management and their associated management practices is essential for selecting, planning, implementing, and monitoring schemes that optimise water use to meet the increasing demand related to basic human needs and welfare. This study presents the farmers’ perception of climate change from a gender sensitive perspective to promote adaptation and optimise irrigation/agricultural productivity in a compound surface-ground water system within the Anger sub-basin (Ethiopia). The study results showed that climate change affects water demand and supply routes in which more than 65% of the decrease in lake water level is due to climate change and overuse of surface water. The research findings show that women’s recognition and apprehension of climate change is much greater than men’s. Thus, women’s role in farming is important for ensuring food security at the household level. Gender sensitivity and can play a role in preventing the change in climate through optimising irrigation efficiency and suggesting the need for further research on its application to science. The study demonstrates that women’s participation in agricultural tasks, crisis management, and informal institutions is more vigorous than men’s. On the other hand, the understanding and communication of farmers is based on experience and concerns about the climate impact. Moreover, studies showed that climate change has a potential impact on the access to water supply for agriculture, urbanisation, and the environment. Therefore, there is a need to assess the dynamics of surface-groundwater interaction as affected by climate change and gender inequality to optimise the irrigation system.
Źródło:
Journal of Water and Land Development; 2022, 52; 265--271
1429-7426
2083-4535
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Water and Land Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of the Impact of the Air Temperature on Water Consumption for Household Purposes in Rural Households
Autorzy:
Bergel, Tomasz
Młyńska, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1839163.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
rural household
water consumption
household purposes
indoor water use
air temperature
Opis:
The paper presents a research hypothesis assumed that the air temperature affects the amount of the water consumption per capita for household purposes (indoor water use). Investigations were conducted based on daily water meter readings of several rural households located in Mszana Górna and Włostowice (Southern Poland). Owing to the double water consumption metering, it was possible to determine the daily water consumption in households, separately for household purposes and for additional purposes. In the performed analysis, the correlation between the average daily air temperature and daily water consumption per capita was tested. For this purpose, correlation coefficients were determined and a 95% confidence interval was assumed. The obtained results showed lack of a clear dependence between the tested variables. Depending on the household, correlation coefficients indicate the existence of a correlation from slight, by weak to moderate. In addition, it was tested that the growth of the air temperature by 1°C caused an increase of the water consumption per capita in the range of 0.14 dm3•d-1•C-1•°C-1 and 1.17 dm3•d-1•C-1•°C-1 (Mszana Górna) and 0.41 dm3•d-1•C-1•°C-1 and 1.78 dm3•d-1•C-1•°C-1 (Włostowice). It can be concluded that often rapid growth of the water consumption in households in spring and summer season and the term of “water consumption per capita” used in this case, primarily concern greater water demand for additional purposes, not for residents’ household purposes.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 3; 289-302
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Water productivity under deficit irrigation using onion as indicator crop
Autorzy:
Tadesse, Kassahun B.
Hagos, Eyasu Y.
Tafesse, Nata T.
Dinka, Megersa O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/293258.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
drip irrigation
effective rainfall
real evapotranspiration
soil water
water quality
water use efficiency
Opis:
Improving water productivity (WP) through deficit irrigation is crucial in water-scarce areas. To practice deficit irrigation, the optimum level of water deficit that maximizes WP must be investigated. In this study, a field experiment was conducted to examine WP of the three treatments at available soil water depletion percentage (Pi) of 25% (reference), 45% and 65% using a drip irrigation system. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design. The water deficit was allowed throughout the growth stages after transplanting except for the first 15 days of equal amounts of irrigations during the initial growth stage and 20 days enough spring season rainfall during bulb enlargement periods. Physical WP in terms of water use efficiency (WUEf) for treatments T1, T2, and T3 was 9.44 kg∙m–3, 11 kg∙m–3 and 10.6 kg∙m–3 for marketable yields. The WUEf and economic water productivity were significantly improved by T2 and T3. The WUEf difference between T2 and T3 was insignificant. However, T2 can be selected as an optimal irrigation level. Hence, deficit irrigation scheduling is an important approach for maximizing WP in areas where water is the main constraint for crop production. The planting dates should be scheduled such that the peak water requirement periods coincide with the rainy system.
Źródło:
Journal of Water and Land Development; 2020, 45; 171-178
1429-7426
2083-4535
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Water and Land Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Method of Assessing the Potential Risk to the Health of the Population During Recreational Water Withdrawal
Autorzy:
Rybalova, Olha
Malovanyy, Myroslav
Bondarenko, Оlexander
Proskurnin, Oleg
Belokon, Karina
Korobkova, Hanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2086403.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
health risk
population
water body
recreational water use
infectious disease
hazard classification
Opis:
The use of polluted water bodies for recreation poses a risk of infectious diseases. This fact necessitates taking into account bacteriological indicators to determine the danger of recreational water use. The aim of the article was to develop a new method for assessing the potential risk to population health during recreational water use. A new method for assessing the potential risk to population health during recreational water use has been proposed, which combines the identification of potential risk according to chemical and bacteriological indicators. A new classification of water hazard levels according to the values of risk to population health has been developed. The value of the potential risk to the population health during the recreational use of 6 beaches in the urbanized territories of the city of Kharkiv and its suburbs (Ukraine) was obtained. It was established that bacteriological contamination has the probability of a very large impact on public health (hazard class 5). To compare the methods of assessing the risk to population health during recreational water use, the hazard index (NI) was determined according to the chemical indicators of the quality of water bodies in the city of Kharkiv. The use of the assessment of the potential risk to population health for the environmental regulation of the discharge of pollutants into a water body with wastewater is justified.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 5; 81--91
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The evaluation of irrigating meliorations efficiency after the change of climatic conditions
Autorzy:
Zaporozhchenko, Viktoriia
Tkachuk, Andrij
Tkachuk, Tetyana
Dotsenko, Viktor
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2073747.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
irrigation
melioration
natural resource potential
water use efficiency
winter wheat
Opis:
The article reviews one of the important problems of water usage – operational management of irrigation. The article discusses a methodological approach to the estimation of economic efficiency of water usage in the conditions of climate change in the territory concerned. So far, there has not been a simple method to determine this indicator. When assessing climatic conditions, taking into account their influence on the productivity of agricultural crops, it is necessary to take into account meteorological factors that have a decisive influence on the development of agricultural crops and, accordingly, determine their yield. These include primarily heat and moisture. Moreover, it is necessary to take into account their possible negative influence on the development of plants, considering that for each crop a certain optimum regime of temperature and soil moisture is required in different phases of its growth. To assess climatic conditions taking into account the potential crop productivity, we can use the CPA formula. Calculations have shown a close relationship between the CPA and the yield of agricultural crops. Correlation coefficients of the obtained bonds vary from 0.85 to 0.98 depending on the culture and the territory.
Źródło:
Journal of Water and Land Development; 2022, 52; 199--204
1429-7426
2083-4535
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Water and Land Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Enhancement in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) crop yield by water use efficiency under various planting techniques
Autorzy:
Ali, L.
Anum, W.
Hussain, G.
Shahid, M.I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/9999.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Fundacja na Rzecz Młodych Naukowców
Tematy:
cotton
Gossypium hirsutum
crop yield
water use efficiency
planting technique
water saving
Opis:
Six experiments were conducted for the enhancement in seed cotton yield by increasing water use efficiency and water savings in case of different planting methods of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) crop during the years 2014 & 2015, at three different locations in cotton zone of Punjab (Pakistan) province. The planting methods were, flat planting and no earthing up, flat planting and earthing up after 1st irrigation, flat planting and alternate row earthing after 1st irrigation, flat planting in 112.5/37.5 cm apart paired rows and earthing up after 1st irrigation, ridge planting and bed planting. Cotton crop obtained a maximum benefit from the available water at all three locations in case of flat planting with alternate row earthing up (P3) by predicting a maximum water use efficiency up to 6.79 kg ha-1 mm-1and maximum seed cotton yield of 3432.50 kg ha-1. Maximum water savings of 25.60% was recorded in the same method (P3) during the year 2014, while minimum (-0.17%) was observed in ridge planting (P5) at location number 1 in the same year.
Źródło:
Environment, Earth and Ecology; 2017, 1, 2
2543-9774
2451-4225
Pojawia się w:
Environment, Earth and Ecology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Productivity, nitrogen use efficiency and water use efficiency of maize for grain in long term field experiments
Autorzy:
Rutkowska, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2148504.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-06-30
Wydawca:
Instytut Uprawy Nawożenia i Gleboznawstwa – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
Zea mays
nitrogen rates
Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE)
Water Use Efficiency (WUE)
nitrogen surplus
Opis:
11Abstract. Maize, one of the most important cereals species grown in Poland, use large quantities of nitrogen, but water defi-cit through the vegetation period might lead to yield reduction and diminish nitrogen uptake. The aim of the study was to char-acterize the productivity of the crop, depending on its nitrogen and water use efficiency. In two locations, in Western and Eastern Poland, eleven-year field experiments with maize grown for grain were conducted. Maize was fertilized with increasing rates of ni-trogen: 50, 100, 150, 200 i 250 kg N ha-1. It was found, that grain yields of maize raised statistically significant up to 8.03 tha-1 under 150 kg Nha-1. Such a dose guaranteed: nitrogen uptake 182 kg Nha-1, nitrogen use efficiency 121%, nitrogen surplus -32 kg Nha-1, water use efficiency 14.5 kgha-1 mm-1, and nitro-gen utilization efficiency 43 kgkg-1. Increasing nitrogen doses over the years was not justified because maize productivity was limited by water availability under higher nitrogen rates.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Agronomy; 2019, 37; 11-15
2081-2787
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Agronomy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Productivity of winter oilseed rape depending on its nitrogen and water use efficiency
Autorzy:
Rutkowska, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2147964.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-30
Wydawca:
Instytut Uprawy Nawożenia i Gleboznawstwa – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
Brassica napus L.
nitrogen rates
Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE)
Water Use Efficiency (WUE)
nitrogen surplus
Opis:
This paper presents the results of 11 years of field experimentconcerning winter oilseed rape in Eastern Poland. Theaim of the study was to characterise rape production dependingon the nitrogen and water use efficiency. Oilseed rape was fertilisedwith increasing doses of nitrogen, i.e. 50, 100, 150, 200and 250 kg N ha-1. It was found that rapeseed yields increasedstatistically significantly to 3.33 t ha-1 at a rate of 200 kg N ha-1.This dose guaranteed: nitrogen uptake of 155 kg N ha-1, nitrogenuse efficiency of 78%, nitrogen surplus of 45 kg N ha-1, wateruse efficiency of 8.4 kg ha-1 mm-1 and nitrogen utilisation efficiencyof 22 kg kg-1. Increasing the nitrogen rate in the long termto 250 kg N ha-1 proved to be unjustified because it did not causea significant increase in the yield or water use efficiency, while itsignificantly increased the nitrogen uptake, its surplus in the soiland reduced the efficiency of nitrogen from fertilisers utilisation.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Agronomy; 2019, 39; 10-15
2081-2787
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Agronomy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Physiological reaction of basket willow (Salix viminalis L.) to copper excess in hydroponic medium
Autorzy:
Malinowska, Katarzyna
Malinowski, Ryszard
Studziński, Mateusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2045727.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
Salix viminalis L.
copper stress
CO2 assimilation
photosynthetic pigments
transpiration
water content
water use efficiency
Opis:
The influence of copper salt, in a concentration range of 50–150 mg·dm−3, on the physiological response of basket willow was studied on Tora variety, which were grown in hydroponics. Content of assimilation pigments, relative water content (RWC), water saturation deficit (WSD), intensity of assimilation and transpiration, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rate of water use efficiency (WUE) and instantaneous photosynthetic rate of water use (WUEI) were determined in leaves. It was observed that the decrease in the concentration of tested physiological parameters correlated with the increase in copper salt doses in the medium. The assimilation and transpiration of basket willow were significantly limited by stomata. The addition of copper salt to the medium increased WSD in leaves of the basket willow. The obtained results of the studied physiological parameters may prove useful for the assessment of resistance of the studied willow cultivar to stress caused by increased copper ion content in medium and its applicability in reclamation of areas degraded by humans.
Źródło:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2018, 60, 4; 214-220
0071-6677
Pojawia się w:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessing domestic factors determining water consumption in a semi-arid area (Sedrata City) using artificial neural networks and principal component analysis
Autorzy:
Zeroual, Menal
Hani, Azzedine
Boustila, Amir
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1844342.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
artificial neural networks
domestic water use determinants
household water consumption
principal component analysis
semi-arid area
Opis:
The growing demand for fresh water and its scarcity are the major problems encountered in semi-arid cities. Two different techniques have been used to assess the main determinants of domestic water in the Sedrata City, North-East Algeria: principal component analysis (PCA) and artificial neural networks (ANNs). To create the ANNs models based on the PCA, twelve explanatory variables are initially investigated, of which nine are socio-economic parameters and three physical characteristics of building units. Two optimum ANNs models have been selected where correlation coefficients equal to 0.99 in training, testing and validation phases. In addition, results demonstrate that the combination of socio-economic parameters with physical characteristics of building units enhances the assessment of household water consumption.
Źródło:
Journal of Water and Land Development; 2021, 49; 219-228
1429-7426
2083-4535
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Water and Land Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Use of World Water Resources in the Irrigation of Field Cultivations
Autorzy:
Walczak, Amadeusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1839599.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
SWOT analysis
drip line
sprinkler irrigation
prediction
irrigation system
world water resources
water use efficiency
WUE
Opis:
The paper concerns evaluation of the exploitation of the world’s water resources for irrigating field crops. It was determined that the volume of water used in 2020 in all sectors of the economy in relation to the world’s freshwater resources will amount to 31 to 38% of the available resources. It has been found that globally, in the period 1900–2100, the agricultural sector has the highest consumption of fresh water. Therefore, there is a need for rational use of water, especially when irrigating field crops. Hence, the paper describes the methods of evaluating the effectiveness of irrigation. The indicators from the Water use efficiency group, which consider the yield obtained from a given area and the sum of irrigation doses, were considered the most reliable form of evaluation. Determining the indicator should also be accompanied by a presentation of the scope of work related to irrigation, water quality, cultivation techniques, fertilization and environmental conditions of the growing season. The work characterizes the selected pressure irrigation systems, considering their advantages and disadvantages. On this basis, the paper presents the adaptation of the SWOT analysis for two irrigation systems: a reel sprinkler with a water cannon and a drip tape.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 4; 186-206
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Virtual water evaluation for grains products in Iran. Case study: pea and bean
Ocena wirtualnej wody w produkcji ziarna w Iranie – przykład grochu i fasoli
Autorzy:
Yousefi, H.
Mohammadi, A.
Mirzaaghabeik, M.
Noorollahi, Y.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/292973.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
grains
virtual water trade
water crisis
water use efficiency
handel wirtualną wodą
kryzys wodny
wydajność zużycia wody
ziarno
Opis:
Shortage of water is considered as one of the most important straits of agricultural development in Iran. The main purpose of this study is to determine virtual water used to pea and bean production and water use efficiency, select the best area for cultivating these two grains and find the virtual water budget for the aforementioned grains. The results showed that among the three provinces main producers of pea in Iran, the highest virtual water of pea belongs to Lorestan with 3534 dm3·kg–1 and the lowest belongs to West Azerbaijan with 2660 dm3·kg–1 in irrigated cultivation. Water use efficiency in irrigated cultivation in Kermanshah and West Azerbaijan are at the same level; however, Kermanshah has enjoyed much more level of virtual water. For beans, the highest amount of virtual water in irrigated cultivation belongs to Lorestan (3651 dm3·kg–1) and the lowest amount refers to Markazi (2725 dm3·kg–1) and also the highest level of water use efficiency for this product refers to Markazi. Also it was found that 160.15 mln m3 of water has been exported from the country water resources by these products so virtual water budget for studied crops were negative.
Deficyt wody uznawany jest za jeden z najważniejszych problemów rozwoju rolnictwa w Iranie. Głównym celem badań przedstawionych w pracy jest oznaczenie ilości wody wirtualnej zużywanej do produkcji grochu i fasoli oraz wydajności zużycia wody, wybór najlepszych terenów do uprawy obu roślin i sporządzenie dla nich bilansu wirtualnej wody. Uzyskane wyniki wykazały, że spośród trzech prowincji – głównych producentów grochu w Iranie – największą objętość wirtualnej wody (3534 dm3·kg–1) zużywa się do nawadnianych upraw w Lorestanie, a najmniejszą (2660 dm3·kg–1) – do nawadnianych upraw w prowincji Zachodni Azerbejdżan. Wydajność zużycia wody w nawadnianych uprawach w Kermanshah i Zachodnim Azerbejdżanie była podobna, a uprawy w Kermanshah cechowało większe zużycie wody wirtualnej. Do produkcji fasoli największą objętość wirtualnej wody stwierdzono w Lorestanie (3651 dm3·kg–1), a najmniejszą w Markazi (2725 dm3·kg–1), gdzie stwierdzono także największą wydajność zużycia wody. Obliczono także, że – eksportując te produkty roślinne – wysłano za granicę 160,15 milionów m3 wody wirtualnej, skutkiem czego bilans wodny badanych upraw był ujemny.
Źródło:
Journal of Water and Land Development; 2017, 35; 275-280
1429-7426
2083-4535
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Water and Land Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Valuation of water use in agriculture – polish example
Autorzy:
Gajos, E.
Prandecki, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/95786.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Fundacja Ekonomistów Środowiska i Zasobów Naturalnych
Tematy:
zużycie wody
rolnictwo
Polska
wycena
efekt zewnętrzny
water use
agriculture
Polska
valuation
external effect
Opis:
The aim of the study was to propose a method for the valuation of water use in agriculture. Authors proposed an indirect valuation method – the alternative cost of water abstraction based on the cost of water from public supply. It was found, that there are several problems with statistical data on water use in agriculture, e.g. it is mostly estimations and it actually covers water used in agriculture, forestry and fishing. Proposed valuation method was used to valuate water use in Polish agriculture. It was calculated, that that cost equaled to almost PLN 4.5 billion in 2016, which means the cost per farm at the level over PLN 3.2 thousand.
Źródło:
Ekonomia i Środowisko; 2018, 4; 124-132
0867-8898
Pojawia się w:
Ekonomia i Środowisko
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Simulating the effects of irrigation scheduling on cowpea yield
Autorzy:
Adekalu, K.O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/25852.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
rainy season
soil water
dry season
soil
yield
water use index
modelling
cow pea
irrigation scheduling
Nigeria
Źródło:
International Agrophysics; 2006, 20, 4
0236-8722
Pojawia się w:
International Agrophysics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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