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Tytuł:
Approach manoeuvre during emergency ship-to-ship transfer operation with oil spill
Autorzy:
Witkowska, A.
Śmierzchalski, R.
Wilczyński, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116511.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
oil spill
environmental protection
ship-to-ship transfer operation
Ship to Ship (STS)
Ship to be Lightered (SBL)
approach manoeuvre
safety at sea
ships manoeuvering
Opis:
One of the major activities during Ship to Ship (STS) transfer operation at sea is to safe approach the Ship to be Lightered (SBL) which moves on a constant heading with slow speed or drifting. In the paper described the manoeuvring problem for approaching during emergency STS transfer operation with oil spill. The approach manoeuvre is considered as a sequence of navigation manoeuvres in specific navigational environment with environmental and operational constraints as well as ship dynamic performance. Additional constraints results from STS transfer operation guide and navigation practise.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2017, 11, 2; 331-337
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Human and operational factors in the risk assessment of ship-to-ship operations
Autorzy:
Abramowicz-Gerigk, T.
Hejmlich, A.
Wilczyński, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/135492.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
ship to ship operation
risk assessment
human factor
operational factors
ship handling errors
stress levels
Opis:
This paper presents human and operational factors related to risk assessment during the operations of crude oil, petroleum products, and liquefied gas transfer between ships, called Ship to Ship (STS) operations. The lessons learned from accidents during STS when both ships are underway show that the most frequent accidents occur due to ship handling errors. Several influencing factors have already been identified, however there is still a need to investigate the human factor. Both human and operational factors are interrelated as the operational factors influence the human stress level. This paper identifies the stressors related to the external pressures imposed on the ship’s staff, which can be limited to improve safety. The preliminary study of the influence of particular elements of human factors, e.g., personality traits and stress levels, on the probability of ship handling error is presented.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2018, 56 (128); 73-77
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application of 3-D Velocity Measurement of Vessel by VI-GPS for STS Lightering
Autorzy:
Yoo, Y.
Pedersen, E.
Tatsumi, K.
Kouguchi, N.
Arai, Y.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/117175.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)
Global Positioning System GPS
Vessel Velocity
STS Lightering
3D Velocity Measurement
Ship-to-Ship (STS) Operation
Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)
Kinematic GPS (KGPS)
Opis:
A lightering operation is a type of Ship-To-Ship (STS) operation where two ships are together in open waters and transfer the cargo e.g. crude oil, LNG. High skills and experience are required by the human operators as no relevant equipment for determining the relative speeds and distances with sufficient accuracies has been implemented. The officer in charge of an STS lightering takes the decision on adequate maneuvering orders based on predominantly visual observations during the final approach. Landing on all fenders simultaneously is an objective in order to minimize ship-fender contact forces, but this is rather difficult to achieve in practice even in calm sea due to the effect of hydrodynamic interaction when the ships are closing in. Furthermore, currents that are present in the lightering zone add to the operational complexity. A field measurement experiment has been carried out with a Velocity Information GPS (VI-GPS) system installed onboard a ferry approaching port for berthing which is similar to an STS lightering. The paper proposes to apply VI-GPS as input sensor to a decision-support and guidance system aiming to provide accurate velocity information to the officer in charge of an STS operation. It is argued that DOP of VI-GPS is related to the velocity error.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2009, 3, 1; 43-48
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Calculation of the heeling moment generated on a ship’s hull during turning maneuver based on measurements of the angle of heel as a function of time
Autorzy:
Szozda, Zbigniew
Nowakowski, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2175556.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
ship stability criteria
ship’s heel due to turning
ship heeling moments
ship’s centrifugal force
stability criterion due to turning
stability failure
Opis:
Ships' stability criterion due to turning is not up-to-date and requires amendments. Redesigning the criterion should be based on scientific research, but there is a lack of accurate procedures and formulas enabling the calculation of the heeling moment caused by centrifugal forces as a function of time. Measurements of a ships’ heel caused by turning on a model-scale or full-scale may provide a basis for such an analysis. This paper creates such a procedure, including appropriate formulas, leading to the extraction of the heeling moment caused by centrifugal force from other heeling moments acting on a ship during turning. One model-scale experiment is described in detail, and the results of the calculations are presented. The paper concludes that it is possible to extract this moment as a function of time and presents an example of such a calculation.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2021, 68 (140); 9--16
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Synchronization of national grid network with the electricity ships network in the "shore to ship" system
Synchronizacja elektroenergetycznej sieci krajowej z elektryczna siecią okrętową w systemie "shore to ship"
Autorzy:
Tarnapowicz, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/409904.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
STE GROUP
Tematy:
shore to ship system
synchronization
phase locked loop PLL
system „shore to ship”
synchronizacja
pętla fazowa PLL
Opis:
‘Shore to ship’ system – ships’ power supply from the local electrical substations – is one of the effective ways to limit the negative impact of the ships lying in ports on the environment. Energy infrastructure of the port installation necessary to provide ships with power supply has to be designed so that different types of ships can use it. The important issue concerning ‘shore to ship’ system is the quality of power supply. This can be achieved via sustaining continuity of power supply while switching from the ships’ electrical network over to the national grid. In this article the author presents the way of synchronizing the national grid with the ships’ electrical network during ship’s lying in port. Such synchronization would allow for uninterruptible work of the ship’s electrical devices.
Jednym ze skutecznych sposobów ograniczenia negatywnego wpływu statków cumujących w portach na środowisko jest zastosowanie systemu „shore to ship” – dostawy energii elektrycznej na statki z lokalnych stacji elektroenergetycznych. Infrastruktura energetyczna instalacji portowej niezbędna do zasilania statków musi być zaprojektowana tak, aby możliwa była obsługa różnych typów statków. Ważnym zagadnieniem przy stosowaniu systemu „shore to ship” jest jakość dostaw energii elektrycznej poprzez miedzy innymi zapewnienie ciągłości zasilania przy przełączaniu z elektrycznego zasilania autonomicznego statku na zasilanie z elektrycznej sieci lądowej. W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono sposób synchronizacji elektroenergetycznej sieci lądowej z siecią okrętową podczas postoju statku w porcie zapewniającą bezprzerwową prace okrętowych urządzeń elektrycznych.
Źródło:
Management Systems in Production Engineering; 2013, 3 (11); 9-13
2299-0461
Pojawia się w:
Management Systems in Production Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of the topology of „Shore to Ship” systems - power electronic connection of ships with land
Autorzy:
Tarnapowicz, Dariusz
German-Galkin, Sergiei
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27315926.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
STE GROUP
Tematy:
system Shore to Ship
przetwornica częstotliwości
zasilacz wysokiego napięcia
Shore to Ship system
frequency inverter
high voltage power supply
Opis:
The possibility of building efficient and universal systems for the use of electricity land network by ships berthed in the port appeared along with the development of power electronic technologies. The need to connect ships to the land network is primarily related to ecological reasons. The choice of the appropriate topology by the investor (usually port authorities) is mainly connected with ensuring high quality of electricity provided to the ship and local conditions. The article reviews topologies of power electronic system (possible to use) for connection of ships with the land network - their disadvantages and advantages.
Źródło:
New Trends in Production Engineering; 2018, 1, 1; 325-333
2545-2843
Pojawia się w:
New Trends in Production Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Neuroevolutionary approach to COLREGs ship maneuvers
Autorzy:
Łącki, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116206.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
collision avoidance
colregs
neuroevolutionary approach to colregs
ship handling system
artificial helmsman
Artificial Neural Network (ANN)
evolutionary algorithms
ship manoeuvering
Opis:
The paper describes the usage of neuroevolutionary method in collision avoidance of two power-driven vessels approaching each other regarding COLREGs rules. This may be also be seen as the ship handling system that simulates a learning process of a group of artificial helmsmen - autonomous control units, created with artificial neural networks. The helmsman observes an environment by its input signals and according to assigned CORLEGs rule, he calculates the values of required parameters of maneuvers (propellers rpm and rudder deflection) in a collision avoidance situation. In neuroevolution such units are treated as individuals in population of artificial neural networks, which through environmental sensing and evolutionary algorithms learn to perform given task safely and efficiently. The main task of this project is to evolve a population of helmsmen which is able to effectively implement chosen rule: crossing or overtaking.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2019, 13, 4; 745-750
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Quality of supply guaranteed in systems of shore supply connection of ships mooring in a port
Jakość zasilania gwarantowanego w systemach podłączenia zasilania statków z lądu cumujących w porcie
Autorzy:
Tarnapowicz, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1205751.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
STE GROUP
Tematy:
shore to ship system
electrical power quality
total harmonic distortion
conversion of electrical energy
system „shore to ship”
jakość energii elektrycznej
współczynnik zawartości harmonicznych
przekształcanie energii elektrycznej
Opis:
Increased sea transport with a constantly growing demand by ships for electric power means higher emission of pollutions generated by ships to the atmosphere. To turn off automatic generator sets which are the main source of air pollution emissions by ships mooring in the port a ship has to be connected to the power land network. Quality of electric power supplied from the land is of a great importance connected with security of the work of naval systems and economical ship functioning. Complicated computer steering systems more and more frequently used on ships are very sensitive to disturbances and require energy supply of a very high quality. In this article basic information about quality of electric power supplied to the ship from the land network and chosen ways of its improvement are presented.
Zwiększony transport morski, przy ciągle rosnącym zapotrzebowaniu przez statki na energię elektryczną oznacza większą emisję zanieczyszczeń generowanych przez statki do atmosfery. W celu wyłączenia autonomicznych zespołów prądotwórczych, które są głównym źródłem emisji zanieczyszczeń powietrza przez statki cumujące w porcie jest podłączenie statku do elektroenergetycznej sieci lądowej. Jakość energii elektrycznej dostarczanej z lądu ma ogromne znaczenie związane z bezpieczeństwem pracy systemów okrętowych i ekonomicznym funkcjonowaniem statku. Stosowane coraz powszechniej na statkach skomplikowane komputerowe systemy sterowania są bardzo wrażliwe na zaburzenia i wymagają zasilania o bardzo wysokiej jakości. W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono podstawowe informacje dotyczące jakości energii elektrycznej dostarczanej na statek z sieci lądowej oraz wybrane sposoby jej poprawy.
Źródło:
Management Systems in Production Engineering; 2014, 4 (16); 179-183
2299-0461
Pojawia się w:
Management Systems in Production Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ramps for ro-ro vessels in Baltic Sea
Autorzy:
Paulauskas, V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/360610.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
pontoons
ramps
ro-ro vessels
ro-ro ship-to-shore links pan
Opis:
Ro-ro vessels use shipside and shore ramps as roll-on/roll-off loading facilities. Baltic Sea has not tidal effects and water level did not change very much. In same time water level fluctuations in ports areas make difficulties to establish proper access to shore for ro-ro vessels during loading and unloading operations. Flexibility of ro-ro vessel-to-shore links pan is one of the key elements for optimization of ro-ro operations in ports. Feasibility outline of pontoon ramp potential, calculation methods and practical usage is studded and presented further in the article.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2012, 32 (104) z. 2; 148-151
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Low to middle vibro-acoustic noise prediction in ship cabin by using plate-cavity coupling model
Autorzy:
Zhou, Z.
Wu, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/260260.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
low to middle frequencies
vibration
ship noise
analysis model
rapid calculation method
Opis:
A plate-cavity coupling method based on modal expansion technique in the closed sound cavity was introduced, aiming at ship cabin structural noise. Using this method, a coupled equation was established. The structural vibration acceleration of the target cabin was extracted from a ship vibration response calculation, applied to the model. Then the target cabin noise value was obtained through numerical calculation. The effectiveness and reliability of the method were validated through experiments. The coupled model predicts noise in the cabin does not require fluid finite element model of the cabin air, thus greatly reducing the calculation time compared with the pure finite element method. It was shown that the method is suitable for the calculation of noise in a single ship cabin; the method has a high calculation efficiency. Furthermore, the calculated result is a continuum. On the one hand, it can be conveniently converted to an octave or 1/3 octave according to the specification. On the other hand, the form of the continuum also provides a corresponding response to the subsequent vibration and noise control.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2018, S 2; 149-157
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
International standardization in the design of “Shore To Ship” - power supply systems of ships in port
Autorzy:
Tarnapowicz, D.
German-Galkin, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/410120.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
STE GROUP
Tematy:
Shore to Ship system
High Voltage Shore Connection
Low Voltage Shore Connection
Opis:
The decisive source of air pollution emissions in ports is the berthed ships. This is primarily caused by the work of ship’s autonomous generator sets. One way of reducing the air pollution emissions in ports is the supply of ships from electricity inland system. The main problem connected with the power connection of ships to the inland network is caused by different values of levels and frequencies of voltages in these networks (in various countries) in relation to different values of levels and frequencies of voltages present in the ship’s network. It is also important that the source power can range from a few hundred kW up to several MW. In order to realize a universal „Shore to Ship” system that allows the connection of ships to the electricity inland network, the international standardization is necessary. This article presents the current recommendations, standards and regulations for the design of „Shore to Ship” systems.
Źródło:
Management Systems in Production Engineering; 2018, 1 (26); 9-13
2299-0461
Pojawia się w:
Management Systems in Production Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Measuring ship collision risk in a dense traffic environment
Autorzy:
Huang, Y.
Van Gelder, P. H. A. J. M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116331.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
collision avoidance
Imminent Collision Risk Assessment (ICRA)
Time to Closest Point of Approach (TCPA)
Distance at Closest Point of Approach (DCPA)
risk measures
dense traffic environment
ship collision rsk
measuring ship collision risk
Opis:
Collision risk measurement is an essential topic for ship collision prevention. Many risk measures, i.e. DCPA/TCPA, etc., decouple the ship traffic into several pairs of ships and then evaluate the risk in each pair. This kind of measurement loses some information of the entire traffic and might include some biases in risk measurement, especially in multiple-ship scenarios. In this article, Imminent Collision Risk Assessment (ICRA) is extended, which formulates collision risk as a ratio of reachable maneuvers leading to a collision and all reachable maneuvers (velocities). Two groups of scenarios have been simulated to show the ICRA is suitable for assessing the collision risk in multiple-ship scenarios. Moreover, two improvements have been introduced: (1) a generalized velocity obstacle algorithm is introduced to collect the maneuvers leading to collisions, which considers ship dynamics; (2) the constraints of forces are considered in the formulation of reachable maneuvers. As a result, the proposed measurement helps one ship assess the risk of approaching obstacles which are difficult to avoid the collision in terms of own-ship’s dynamics and kinetic constraints.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2019, 13, 4; 737-744
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Accuracy evaluation of Ro-Ro and Ro-Pax ships arrival to the ports
Autorzy:
Paulauskas, V.
Paulauskas, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116347.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
port practices
Ro-Ro Ships
Ro-Pax Ships
ship arrival
accuracy evaluation
shipping lines
shipping companies
arrival to the ports
Opis:
Ro-Ro and Ro-Pax ships works on basis of regular schedule and try keep this schedule as accurate as possible. In same time difficulties during Ro-Ro and Ro-Pax ships voyages like bad weather conditions, waiting time to entry in to port, ship's failures and others, sometime request more time as it was planned initially. Ro-Ro and Ro-Pax ships arrivals in to port evaluation is important not only just for the Ro-Ro and Ro-Pax shipping lines planning but as well it is very important for passengers, transport units (trucks) and port terminals. In this Article are analyzed delay times of Ro-Ro and Ro-Pax ships arrival to port on basis of statistical data and used mathematical models for calculation of the arrival time pass.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2020, 14, 2; 397-399
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Impact of Nitrogen Oxides Emission Reduction Methods on Specific Fuel Consumption of Marine Diesel Engines
Autorzy:
Herdzik, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2069919.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
ship operation
medium speed diesel engine
slow speed diesel engine
emission to atmosphere
nitrogen oxides emission reduction
specific fuel consumption
Opis:
The paper has been presented the methods of nitrogen oxides emission reduction to fulfill the Tier 2 and Tier 3 requirements of the Annex VI of MARPOL Convention. It has been shown the development of marine two-stroke diesel engines and the change of nitrogen oxides emission from 1960 to 2000 and later up to 2020 after the implementation of NOx emission reduction methods. Specific fuel consumption before 2000, and as a prediction and given data in the manufacturers manuals for Tier 3 engines up to 2020, and as only a prediction up to 2030 has been analyzed and elaborated. Impact of nitrogen oxides reduction methods on the specific fuel consumption of the marine diesel engine has been evaluated. Additional emission of some gases to the atmosphere due to the implementation of reduction methods has been determined. EGR and SCR systems have got a lot of imperfections: required to install additional reduction systems (investment cost, required volume in the engine room), need maintenance and operation costs, produced wastes during treatment process. The estimated additional cost is about 0.8 USD/MWh of produced energy, taking into account only the cost of excessive used fuel. The whole increased cost may reach the level two-three times more due to cleaning systems investment costs, their operational cost and waste disposal. It has been the one of the reasons of worsening the transport effectiveness and competitiveness.
Źródło:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2021, 23; 279--289
1506-218X
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparative analyses of manoeuvring patterns in real and virtual atoN environment
Autorzy:
Mraković, I.
Bošnjak, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201422.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
aids to navigation
situational awareness at sea
ECDIS training
human error
ship manoeuvring simulation
V-AtoN environment
irtual AtoN
nautical simulator
Opis:
This paper presents a comparative analysis of manoeuvring patterns through the fairway which is marked with physical and virtual Aids to Navigation (AtoN). The impact of V-AtoN environment on decision-making and on consequent manoeuvres has never been studied in such a way. The results published in this paper were obtained using TRANSAS Navi Trainer 5000 and TRANSAS ECDIS 4000 simulators where 12 deck officers with at least 5 years of sea service participated. The results of the study indicate that there is a significant difference in manoeuvring patterns between the two environments. In case of virtual environment, more intense drift angles, ROTs as well as XTDs are observed. The paper demonstrates significant impact of virtual environment on behaviour of OOW.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2023, 17, 3; 617--623
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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