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    Wyświetlanie 1-14 z 14
    Tytuł:
    Taxonomic and econometric analysis of road transport development in Poland – the voivodship approach
    Autorzy:
    Czech, A.
    Lewczuk, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/399388.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Białostocka. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Białostockiej
    Tematy:
    road transport
    synthetic measure
    econometric model
    prediction
    transport drogowy
    miara syntetyczna
    model ekonometryczny
    prognoza
    Opis:
    Transport is considered one of the basic aspects of the movement of people, raw materials as well as goods from the place of origin to the destination. Moreover, in the wider sense, transport includes economic bodies that aim to achieve goals similar to those of businesses that produce a wide range of goods required by customers. Hence, the efficient operations of basic branches of the transportation system determine the entire national economy. Furthermore, transport is considered a basic factor of development, both on the macro- and microeconomic scales. The aim of the paper is to attempt the assessment of the road transport in Poland as an important element of macro logistics. Furthermore, one of the aims of the investigation was the explanation of its influence on the level of economic development in Poland. As the source of information, the research used the data drawn from the Central Statistical Office of Poland. The main methods implemented in this study were both classic and order synthetic measure construction. Further, these measures were used in econometric models as well as for the prediction of their values. The main result of the analysis indicates that the development level of the widely considered infrastructure is strictly correlated with the socio-economic development of particular voivodships. The study on the level of road transport development can lead to a better understanding of the socio-economic development of particular areas of Poland as well as the more efficient use of the support funds.
    Źródło:
    Ekonomia i Zarządzanie; 2016, 8, 3; 79-88
    2080-9646
    Pojawia się w:
    Ekonomia i Zarządzanie
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Selected aspects of indoor positioning based on AIDC elements in warehouse facilities
    Autorzy:
    Lewczuk, K.
    Załęski, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242845.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    AIDC
    indoor positioning
    warehousing
    logistics
    Opis:
    The article presents classification of automatic identification and data acquisition techniques (AIDC) as well as techniques for indoor positioning of objects supporting logistic processes, including especially warehousing processes. The use of presented solutions and the possibility of combining AIDC technics with indoor positioning systems to increase the efficiency of logistics processes in warehouses were discussed. This combination can make a tool supporting rational decision making for allocation of idling employees and vehicles to warehouse tasks and reducing empty runs on the base of position analyse. Then, the idea of using popular AIDC devices − mobile terminals with and without RFID scanners to track the position of employees was presented and discussed. Mobile terminals can provide information about position, which can be used for the allocation of tasks (the reverse functions of mobile terminals). Review of AIDC techniques in warehouses and industrial facilities, information flow in AIDC techniques, positioning techniques in a closed space, Resources positioning and the efficiency of the warehouse process, typical and new approaches to positioning resources in warehouse, the reverse function of mobile terminals are presented in the article.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 4; 555-562
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Multidimensional assessment of the European Union transport development in the light of implemented normalization methods
    Autorzy:
    Czech, A.
    Lewczuk, J.
    Bołtromiuk, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/398776.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Białostocka. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Białostockiej
    Tematy:
    transport
    European Union member states
    synthetic measure
    normalization
    państwa członkowskie Unii Europejskiej
    miara syntetyczna
    normalizacja
    Opis:
    Transport is considered a basis for socio-economic development. It is closely connected with the process of movement of products and humans. The main aim of the paper is to investigate the influence of different order normalization methods in the synthetic measure construction implemented in the assessment of the development of European Union member states in the area of logistic, especially transportation system. Moreover, the article attempts to investigate the influence of such methods on linear ordering in multi-criteria taxonomic approach. The source of information in the research is the data drawn from Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union. The main method in this study is the order synthetic measure constructed with Weber median in different forms due to implemented normalization methods. The main result of the carried out analysis indicated that the development level of three main branches of a transportation system correlates with the socio-economic development of particular member states. Furthermore, the assessment process based on the synthetic measure construction can lead to differences in linear ordering due to the implemented normalization methods. The research on the transport development can bring a better understanding of the socio-economic development of particular areas of the European Union. Hence, the results can be helpful to European policy makers for the allocation of support funds.
    Źródło:
    Ekonomia i Zarządzanie; 2016, 8, 4; 75-85
    2080-9646
    Pojawia się w:
    Ekonomia i Zarządzanie
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Quantitative assessment of urban transport development – a spatial approach
    Autorzy:
    Czech, A.
    Biezdudnaja, A.
    Lewczuk, J.
    Razumowskij, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/125621.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Białostocka. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Białostockiej
    Tematy:
    city
    urban transport
    voivodeship
    synthetic measure
    variable
    miasto
    transport miejski
    województwo
    miara syntetyczna
    zmienna
    Opis:
    Urban transport is considered the basis of properly functioning cities and their development. The main aim of the paper is to attempt the assessment of urban transport development in selected voivodeships (provinces) as a crucial factor of macro logistics. The research also aimed to identify the underdeveloped areas of urban transport in Poland as the basis for the implementation of support policy. The source of information in the investigation process was data drawn from the Central Statistical Office in Poland for 2013–2016. In the scope of dealing with the research problem, chosen classical and order multivariate statistical measures were implemented into the research process. Next, the taxonomic measures for the years of interest served as the basis for the construction of the total (general) synthetic measure applicable to the entire period. The main results and findings of the research indicate that the level of urban transport development is correlated with the whole transportation system which affects the socio-economic development of some regions of Poland. The research can lead to a better understanding of Polish urban transportation development in selected regions. Hence, the results can be helpful in the investment process and for shaping the right transportation policy to improve the use of financial resources.
    Źródło:
    Engineering Management in Production and Services; 2018, 10, 1; 32-44
    2543-6597
    2543-912X
    Pojawia się w:
    Engineering Management in Production and Services
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Changes in stride parameters of a horses jump during the second part of training in the 100-days performance test
    Zmiany parametrów skoku koni podczas drugiej części treningu w 100-dniowej próbie dzielności
    Autorzy:
    Wejer, J.
    Bohdanowicz, A.
    Lewczuk, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/843558.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Zootechniczne
    Opis:
    The subject of the present study was the horse’s biomechanical response to training during the stationary 100-days performance test for Trakhener stallions. Ten stallions were filmed during the 100-days performance test, in the 62nd and 92nd day of training. Linear jumping stride parameters were measured for take-off and landing distances for each limb separately, as well as the differences between limb placement in pairs at take-off and landing were calculated. Data from the video image analysis were collected using a 25 fr/sec camera and measured by the manual Micro Station program. The parameters were filmed on a spread (oxer) obstacle of the height and width of 1.05 m, jumped three times by each horse. A total number of 60 jumps was analysed. The analysis of variance was performed using Mixed procedure of the SAS program with the random effect of the horse and fixed effects of the trial and successive number of the jump. The effect of training was significant for all take-off parameters and two parameters of front limb at landing. The effect of the successive jump was statistically significant for the landing distance of the hind non-leading limb as well as for distance between hind limbs at landing. The effect of the horse was significant for all the measured parameters. The effect of jumping training for the young horse at an early stage seems to be more important for the take-off than for the landing technique. It is also more significant for front limbs than for hind limbs.
    Tematem prezentowanych badań jest odpowiedź biomechaniczna koni podczas stacjonarnej 100-dniowej próby dzielności dla ogierów trakeńskich. Dziesięć ogierów filmowano podczas 100-dniowej próby dzielności w 62. i 93. dniu testu. Liniowe parametry kroku były mierzone dla dystansów odbicia i lądowania dla każdej kończyny oddzielnie, obliczono też różnice pomiędzy ustawieniem kończyn w parach przy odbiciu i lądowaniu. Dane do analizy zdjęć zostały zebrane przy użyciu kamery filmującej 25 stop-klatek na sekundę i zmierzone za pomocą programu Micro Stadion. Parametry skoków były filmowane na przeszkodzie szerokiej (okser), o wysokości i szerokości wynoszącej 1,05 m, pokonywanej przez konie trzykrotnie. Ogółem przeanalizowano 60 skoków. Przeprowadzono analizę wariancji za pomocą programu SAS procedury Mixed, przy uwzględnieniu losowego wpływu konia oraz stałych efektów próby i kolejnego skoku. Wpływ treningu był istotny dla wszystkich parametrów odbicia i dwóch parametrów lądowania kończyn przednich. Wpływ kolejnego skoku był statystycznie istotny dla dystansu lądowania kończyny tylnej nie prowadzącej (TNP), jak i dystansu pomiędzy kończynami tylnymi przy lądowaniu (TP-TNP). Wpływ konia był istotny dla wszystkich mierzonych parametrów. Wpływ treningu skokowego młodych koni na wstępnym etapie wydaje się być ważniejszy dla techniki odbicia niż lądowania. Jest także bardziej istotny dla kończyn przednich niż tylnych.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Naukowe Polskiego Towarzystwa Zootechnicznego; 2013, 09, 2
    1733-7305
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Naukowe Polskiego Towarzystwa Zootechnicznego
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effect of physicochemical properties of triticale starch on selected indices of bread quality
    Wpływ fizykochemicznych właściwości skrobi z pszenżyta na wybrane wskaźniki jakości chleba
    Autorzy:
    Gambus, H.
    Lewczuk, J.
    Nowotna, A.
    Fortuna, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1399134.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1988
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Rozrodu Zwierząt i Badań Żywności Polskiej Akademii Nauk w Olsztynie
    Tematy:
    triticale starch
    physicochemical characteristics
    bread volume
    Opis:
    Starches were isolated from 28 Polish triticale lines by the laboratory method, and their fundamental physicochemical properties determined. Next, pup loaves were baced in the starch - gluten system (by the direct method) and the volume of the loaves was measured. The results were subjected to statistical analysis which showed a positive correlation between bread volume and viscosity of starch pastes.
    Skrobie wyizolowane metodą laboratoryjną z 28 polskich rodów pszenżyta przebadano pod względem ich właściwości fizykochemicznych. Używając tego samego glutenu i różnych próbek skrobi z pszenżyta wypiekano chlebki metodą bezpośrednią w systemie skrobia-gluten. Oznaczano: upiek, stratę wypiekową całkowitą, wydajność oraz barwę skórki i elastyczność miękiszu chlebków. Fizykochemiczne właściwości skrobi oraz objętość otrzymanych chlebków poddano analizie statystycznej. Wykazała ona korelacje pomiędzy objętością otrzymanych chlebków a: lepkością kleików w temp. 50°C (r = + 0,45), wielkością ziarenek skrobiowych (% ziarenek o wielkości 21,9-30,9 um: r = + 0,44 ), temperatura kleikowania (r = - 0,66) oraz zawartością białka (r = - 0,54 ). Wydaje się więc, że te właściwości fizykochemiczne skrobi w sposób istotny wpływały na objętość chlebków. Nie wykazano istotnej zależności pomiędzy objętością chlebków a: stopniem wiązania wody i rozpuszczalności skrobi pszenżytnej w wodzie, zawartością amylozy oraz zawartością tłuszczu i fosforu w skrobi z pszenżyta.
    Źródło:
    Acta Alimentaria Polonica; 1988, 14(38), 3-4; 131-138
    0137-1495
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Alimentaria Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Clinical usefulness of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 concentrations in the preoperative serum of patients with colorectal cancer
    Autorzy:
    Pryczynicz, A.
    Gryko, M.
    Dymicka-Piekarska, V.
    Lewczuk, Ł.
    Wakulewska, A.
    Ozimkiewicz, M.
    Lebelt, A.
    Guzińska-Ustymowicz, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1917768.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Medyczny w Białymstoku
    Tematy:
    Colorectal cancer
    matrix metalloproteinases
    MMP-2
    TIMP-2
    serum marker
    Opis:
    Purpose: To evaluate the clinical significance of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 concentrations in the sera of patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer. Methods: The study group comprised 48 patients with colorectal carcinoma and 24 healthy controls. The serum concentration of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 proteins was evaluated by the ELISA method. Results: The mean level of MMP-2 in the sera of patients with colorectal cancer was 39.4 ng/ml and was significantly lower compared with the control (p<0.001). A decrease in TIMP-2 protein in the sera of patients with colorectal cancer was also observed where its mean level was 132.3 ng/ml. The concentration of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 did not correlated with any clinicopathological parameters, except for the patients’ age. In addition, the concentration of MMP-2 in the sera of patients with CRC correlated negatively with the number of white blood cells in the blood and the prothrombin index. The concentration of TIMP-2 correlated positively with potassium and urea concentration in the blood. Conclusions: The results of our study indicate lack of clinical usefulness of determining the levels of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in the sera of patients with colorectal cancer. However, these proteins play an important role in the carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer.
    Źródło:
    Progress in Health Sciences; 2016, 6(1); 32-39
    2083-1617
    Pojawia się w:
    Progress in Health Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Variability of zinc content in soils in a postglacial river valley – a geochemical landscape approach
    Zmienność zawartości cynku w glebach młodoglacjalnej doliny rzecznej w aspekcie krajobrazów geochemicznych
    Autorzy:
    Glinska-Lewczuk, K.
    Bieniek, A.
    Sowinski, P.
    Obolewski, K.
    Burandt, P.
    Timofte, C.M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/14152.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
    Opis:
    The paper presents the research results on the relation between the contents of total zinc and its bioavailable form (Zn) and physicochemical properties of soil carried out along three catenas in the postglacial valley of the middle Łyna River, in NE Poland. We focused on topographical factors to determine the amount of Zn in the soil in relation to specific geochemical landscape types. The analyzed soil showed a relatively low level of soil pollution with Zn and did not exceed the threshold values for soil contamination with Zn. The average Zn content amounted to 45.75 mg kg -1 d.m. and ranged from 8.80 to 176.26 mg kg -1 d.m. The heavy metal content in the soil was related to organic matter and clay fraction, while it was inversely proportional to the share of sandy fraction. Distribution of zinc showed variability due to factors derived from topography, soil heterogeneity in the river valley as well as fluvial processes taking place within the floodplain. Different geochemical landscapes showed depressive trends in both Zn and Zn contents along the catenas. It diminished from eluvial to transeluvial landscapes and increased again to superaqual landscape. Depressions after former river channel were favorable for the Zn accumulation. The most abundant in Zn were upper horizons of Fluvisols in superaqual landscape (45.12 mg kg –1 ) filling overgrown and terrestialized floodplain lakes. The share of Zn a was the highest in organic horizons of Fluvisols and achieved 51.4% of total Zn. The nature and power of functional links between the heavy metal mobility and the soil properties were determined with multivariate statistics and GAM models. Applied ordination statistics confirmed its usefulness in soil factor analyses.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Elementology; 2014, 19, 2
    1644-2296
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Elementology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Exhaust emission measurements in the development of sustainable road transport
    Autorzy:
    Merkisz, J.
    Merkisz-Guranowska, A.
    Pielecha, J.
    Nowak, M.
    Jacyna, M.
    Lewczuk, K.
    Żak, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244259.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    exhaust emission
    noise emission
    real road conditions
    sustainable transport
    health protection
    Opis:
    Economic development of nations leads to a higher living comfort of the society. Rich societies want to move safely and independently and demand immediate availability of purchased goods or – in the case of Internet shopping – delivery in the shortest possible time. Such an approach facilitates a continuous growth in the number of road vehicles. At the current level of technology advancement, an increasing number of vehicles results in a growth of the consumption of fossil fuels, which entails increased exhaust emissions and that, in turn, has a negative impact on the health of the living organisms. Another negative consequence of an increased number of vehicles (increased road congestion) is the emission of noise. This problem is particularly significant in large agglomerations where people are surrounded by moving vehicles. This paper presents the extent of influence of the automotive industry on the natural environment and the extent of changes in vehicle design and organization of road infrastructure that were instituted to reduce the transport’s environmental burden. The further part of the paper presents a definition of the development of sustainable transport, its advantages and hurdles that we may encounter when modernizing a transport system. Subsequently in the paper, the measurements under actual vehicle operating conditions were described together with the possibilities of analysis of the research results and the advantages resulting from such an approach during the assessment of the impact of the automotive industry on the natural environment.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 4; 277-284
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Polyurethane filtration as an effective method of material cleanliness improvement for implant applications
    Autorzy:
    Zawidlak-Węgrzyńska, B.
    Gonsior, M.
    Gawlikowski, M.
    Kustosz, R.
    Jarosz, A.
    Lewczuk, M.
    Czerwiński, L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/283917.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Polskie Towarzystwo Biominerałów
    Tematy:
    implants
    biomaterials
    filtration process
    Źródło:
    Engineering of Biomaterials; 2017, 20, no. 143 spec. iss.; 66
    1429-7248
    Pojawia się w:
    Engineering of Biomaterials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Explosive Properties of 4,4’,5,5’-Tetranitro-2,2’-bi-1H-imidazole Dihydrate
    Autorzy:
    Lewczuk, R.
    Szala, M.
    Rećko, J.
    Cudziło, S.
    Klapötke, T. M.
    Trzciński, W. A.
    Szymańczyk, L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358061.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    TNBI dihydrate
    NTO
    explosives
    detonation properties
    thermal analysis
    Opis:
    This paper reports measured explosive properties of 4,4’,5,5’-tetranitro-2,2’-bi-1H-imidazole dihydrate (TNBI•2H2O). Non-isothermal kinetics analysis, calorimetric measurements, detonability tests, small-scale shock reactivity tests (SSRT), detonation velocity measurements and cylinder tests were performed. The results of the cylinder tests were used to determine the acceleration ability of TNBI•2H2O. Some experiments were conducted also with TNT, NTO, FOX-7 and RDX. Our experimental studies have shown that TNBI•2H2O is a thermodynamically stable compound, surpassing TNT with regard to its energetic and detonation parameters. The results of the SSRT indicate that this material has better performance in small charges than RDX, FOX-7 and NTO.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2016, 13, 3; 612-626
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) can be useful in the detection of distant metastases in sera of colorectal cancer patients
    Autorzy:
    Jakubowska, K.
    Pryczynicz, A.
    Dymicka-Piekarska, V.
    Cepowicz, D.
    Jagodzińska, D.
    Lewczuk, Ł.
    Lebelt, A.
    Ozimkiewicz, M.
    Kiszło, P.
    Guzińska-Ustymowicz, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1917712.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Medyczny w Białymstoku
    Tematy:
    Colorectal cancer
    Growth differentiation factor-15
    macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1
    serum.
    Opis:
    Purpose: Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF- 15) protein belongs to a transforming growth factor-β family which determines the growth and differentiation of cells. In cancers, GDF-15 influences on the proliferation, differentiation, viability, migration and invasiveness of cancer cells. The aim of our study was to evaluate the expression of GDF-15 in the tissue and its levels in sera of patients with colorectal cancer. Materials and methods: The level of GDF-15 in the sera of 55 patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer was determined using the ELISA method whereas expression of this protein was performed by immunohistochemical method. Results: The mean value of GDF-15 levels in the sera of patients with colorectal cancer was significantly higher than in healthy control group (p<0.001). The expression of GDF-15 in the tissue was weak, moderate and strong in 23.6%, 15.7% and 60.7% cases, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that the expression of GDF-15 correlated with patients’ age (p<0.005) and non-mucinous type of cancer (p<0.001). The high GDF-15 levels in the serum was associated with tumor size (p<0.01) and distant metastases (p<0.05). Conclusions: According to our results, we postulate that the level of GDF-15 in serum can be use to assess the metastatic behavior of colorectal cancer
    Źródło:
    Progress in Health Sciences; 2016, 6(1); 40-48
    2083-1617
    Pojawia się w:
    Progress in Health Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Traffic distribution into transport network for defined scenarios of transport system development in aspect of environmental protection
    Autorzy:
    Jacyna-Gołda, I.
    Gołębiowski, P.
    Jachimowski, R.
    Kłodawski, M.
    Lewczuk, K.
    Szczepański, E.
    Sivets, O.
    Merkisz-Guranowska, A.
    Pielecha, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246948.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    distribution of traffic on the network
    external costs of transport
    development of transport system
    Opis:
    The article is a result of research work carried out under the project EMITRANSYS for shaping ecological transport system. The paper presents selected aspects of multi-variant distribution of traffic into transport network for defined scenarios of transport system development. Distribution of traffic on the network is made due to the global criterion function. Partial criteria for distribution of traffic are: external costs, marginal costs and average costs of the transport services expressed in monetary units and in emission units. An important aspect of the development of transport network is to include the external costs of transport activity to economical counting. The harmful components of exhaust gases, external costs for each mode of transport, list of selected external costs for each mode of transport [eurocents/vehicle-km], structure of communication between Warsaw - Gdansk, characteristics of connections in the communication network between Warsaw and Gdansk, distribution of passengers stream in relation Warsaw – Gdansk, the distribution of the passengers stream in relation Warsaw – Gdansk for the second scenario according to criterion of average and marginal costs are presented in the paper.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 4; 183-192
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The influence of road transport on emission of toxic substances in Poland against the EU countries
    Autorzy:
    Jacyna, M.
    Ambroziak, T.
    Merkisz-Guranowska, A.
    Pielecha, J.
    Jacyna-Gołda, I.
    Lewczuk, K.
    Pyza, D.
    Wasiak, M.
    Szczepański, E.
    Żak, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243251.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    road transport
    emission of harmful compounds
    ecology of transport
    Opis:
    The paper is a result of research work carried out under the project EMITRANSYS for shaping ecological transport system. The paper presents selected aspects of emission and concentration of harmful compounds of exhaust gases generated by road transport. It also presents the share of harmful compounds emitted by road transport in comparison with the emission from other sectors of economy. Transport policy should encourage the usage of energyefficient and less environmentally damaging modes of transport and their efficient use. The paper analyses the emissions of selected pollutants and their estimated contribution to the total emissions of road transport. It also presents selected aspects of the identification of areas with the highest emissions of harmful compounds in Poland against the European Union. This analysis provides a basis to identify the instruments to prevent and reduce pollution arising from transport activities. In particular, variable emission of selected components of fumes according to the velocity of passenger vehicle. the measured values for NO2 concentration in the UE countries in 2011, the measured values for CO concentration in UE countries in 2011, the measured values for PM10 concentration in UE countries in 2011, the measured values for PM2.5 concentration in UE countries in 2011 are presented in the paper.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 3; 133-140
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-14 z 14

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