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Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8
Tytuł:
Problems of seed production for organic farming
Problemy produkcji nasiennej dla rolnictwa ekologicznego
Autorzy:
Michalski, T.
Bieczyńska, A.
Szulc, P.
Kowalik, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/334655.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Maszyn Rolniczych
Tematy:
organic seed material
breeding of varieties
area of organic farming
ekologiczny materiał siewny
hodowla odmian
powierzchnia upraw ekologicznych
Opis:
The paper presents current data on the area of organic farms all over the world and in Europe as well as factors influencing the development of this farming system. Among many factors affecting the development of organic production, issues related to the cultivation of varieties are very important in the economic, social and legal context, including methods of breeding allowed for organic farming, conditions for their registration and admission to cultivation and the specificity of certified seeds production. Legal regulations have an impact on the agricultural practices and directions of transformation in organic farming. However, law and procedures must be changed and updated due to the science development and in response to the growing needs of the population. Comparing the conditions and possibilities of breeding varieties and seed production in an organic and conventional system, practically at each stage, organic production is in a worse position. In the light of the possibilities offered by modern genetics, the methods allowed in breeding varieties for ecological purposes, limited to only some techniques are insufficient”. However, they give the opportunity to bring specific values for all modern agriculture as well as the development of science, especially epigenomics.
W pracy przedstawiono aktualne dane dotyczące powierzchni gospodarstw ekologicznych na świecie i w Europie oraz czynniki wpływające na rozwój tej formy gospodarowania. Spośród wielu czynników wpływających na kształtowanie się ekologicznej produkcji, bardzo ważne w kontekście ekonomicznym, społecznym i prawnym są zagadnienia dotyczące hodowli odmian, w tym metod prac hodowlanych dopuszczonych dla rolnictwa ekologicznego, warunków rejestracji odmian i dopuszczenia ich do uprawy oraz specyfiki produkcji kwalifikowanych nasion. Regulacje prawne mają wpływ na praktykę produkcji oraz kierunki przemian w nasiennictwie ekologicznym. Prawo i procedury muszą być jednak zmieniane i aktualizowane wraz z rozwojem nauki i w odpowiedzi na rosnące potrzeby ludności. Porównując warunki i możliwości hodowli odmian i produkcji nasiennej w systemie ekologicznym i konwencjonalnym, praktycznie na każdym z etapów produkcja ekologiczna znajduje się we gorszej sytuacji. W świetle możliwości, jakie oferuje współczesna genetyka, metody dozwolone w hodowli odmian na cele ekologiczne ograniczone są tylko do niektórych technik są niewystarczające. Dają one jednak możliwości wniesienia określonych wartości dla całego współczesnego rolnictwa, a także rozwoju nauki, zwłaszcza epigenomiki.
Źródło:
Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering; 2018, 63, 3; 29-35
1642-686X
2719-423X
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Morphological Diversity and Dna Polymorphism of Common Oat (Avena Sativa L.) Breeding Varieties Cultivated in Poland
Autorzy:
Nowosielska, Dorota
Nowosielski, Jarosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199038.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009-12-20
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
breeding varieties
common oat
DNA polymorphism
morphological traits
Opis:
The aim of the work was characterization of morphological diversity and DNA polymorphism of common oat breeding varieties. 25 morphological traits and DNA polymorphism have been examined using AFLP and RAPD methods. It has been found, that identification of oat breeding varieties is possible based on the examined morphological traits...
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2009, 60; 31-44
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Agrotechnological methods of plant feeders applying for spring wheat agrocenoses - North-Eastern Kazakhstan varieties
Autorzy:
Ualiyeva, Rimma M.
Kukusheva, Altinay N.
Insebayeva, Madina K.
Akhmetov, Kanat K.
Zhangazin, Sayan B.
Krykbayeva, Maryam S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2174293.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
agrotechnological practices
climatic conditions
breeding varieties
pest
species composition
spring wheat
Opis:
To improve plant resistance to pests, we analysed the impact of various agronomic practices on the number and species diversity of pests in the crops of spring wheat varieties of foreign and Kazakhstan breeding in North-Eastern Kazakhstan. The intensive development of agriculture, resulting in the new technological flow processes of wheat growing, the sowing of foreign varieties not previously cultivated under local conditions, and climate change contribute to the formation of new food chains in agrocenoses. These new food chains require the monitoring of plant-feeding species with the help of ecological approaches and techniques. Efficient protection of crops with plant feeders requires constant updating on the phytosanitary in agrocenoses. Information on phytosanitary monitoring previously carried out in the region is not available, so it became necessary to collect data and analyse the number and species composition of wheat pests, considering new foreign varieties and cultivation technology practices. The research was carried out in 2021 in typical agricultural organisations of the North-Eastern regions of Kazakhstan with different preceding crops. The vegetation period was characterised by high atmospheric temperatures and a lack of moisture in the soil in spring and summer, contributing to decreasing of plant turgor and damage resistance. Early sowing of the ‘Triso’ wheat variety was affected by high temperatures and lack of soil moisture in the initial stage of development, which delayed its growth and made it more susceptible to pest damage. The other varieties were sown in optimal dates recommended by regional scientific institutions.
Źródło:
Journal of Water and Land Development; 2022, 55; 28--40
1429-7426
2083-4535
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Water and Land Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Screening results of diverse spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) varieties and breeding lines for resistance to Fusarium Head Blight.
Autorzy:
Usele, G.
Legzdina, L.
Beinarovica, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199627.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-12-20
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
Fusarium culmorum
Hordeum vulgare
FHB resistance
Opis:
Fusarium head blight (FHB, scab) is a widespread disease of cereals, including barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), causing substantial yield and quality loss. Varieties with resistance is provide the greatest potential for reducing FHB. In the present study, we adapted cut-spike method for screening FHB severity among 126 spring barley genotypes. The collection consisted of Latvian varieties and perspective breeding lines and foreign varieties with specific quality traits important for food purposes and resistance to several diseases. Screening was repeated for two years, 2008 and 2009. Differences between genotypes in FHB resistance were observed. Two years data showed that genotype has a significant effect on FHB resistance (p<0.001) and genotype effect on resistance was 41.6%. Differences between FHB resistance of accessions of contrasting morphological traits and origin were tested. Only significant difference were found between cowered and hulless barley. There was no significant correlation between plant height and FHB severity and between flow- ering date and FHB severity, but significant positive correlation (r=0.672, p≤0.05) were found between days from snowing to maturity and FHB severity. Together 15 genotypes (all with Latvian origin) on this study showed average FHB severity lower than 10%.  
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2011, 64; 147-152
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Development of in vitro culture techniques for advancement of rye (Secale cereale L.) breeding
Autorzy:
Zimny, J.
Michalski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2117866.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
breeding efficiency
homozygous lines
haploids
hybrid varieties
in vitro cultures
review
rye
Secale cereale
Opis:
Rye is an important crop widely cultivated in Europe, but one of the hardest to improve due to its allogamy and self-incompatibility. The market for rye-based products is constantly growing thanks to the popularity of organic farming, feed production and diverse industry applications. To address these demands, new highly productive hybrid rye varieties are needed. Currently, full potential of heterosis in rye breeding is hard to reach due to the limited success in in vitro cultures. This review summarizes the progress in rye in vitro cultures and proposes novel approaches to overcome recalcitrance in this species.
Źródło:
Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica; 2019, 61, 1; 7-15
0001-5296
Pojawia się w:
Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Observations of root system development and dynamics of root : shoot ratio of selected turf grass varieties and breeding lines grown in different soil conditions.
Autorzy:
Dziamski, A.
Stypczyńska, Z.
Żurek, G.
Łabędzki, L.
Długosz, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199117.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007-06-20
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
Festuca rubra
Lolium perenne
Poa pratensis
turf
root
root:shoot ratio
Opis:
Twelve varieties and breeding lines from three turf grass species, grown in pots in three different soil mixtures were first tested in glasshouse for drought resistance. Further, turf in pots was allowed to regenerate and root and shoot dry weight was measured after one (in April) and two (in May, August and October) years from seed sowing. Turf grass regeneration after simulated drought was different accordingly to soil mixtures used...
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2007, 55; 73-87
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Field phenotyping of plant roots by electrical capacitance - a standardized methodological protocol for application in plant breeding: a Review
Autorzy:
Streda, T.
Haberle, J.
Klimesova, J.
Klimek-Kopyra, A.
Stredova, H.
Bodner, G.
Chloupek, O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082875.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
root system
drought tolerance
varieties
yield
Opis:
Due to the absence of a suitable method and standardized procedures, the root systems of plants have been evaluated to a much lesser extent than aboveground organs. The aim of this article is (i) to provide a detailed description and thus standardization of an upgraded procedure of electrical capacitance measurement for evaluating the size of the root system of plants in situ, which allows for a reassessment to be made during the growing season and subsequent harvest of seeds for the planting of selected progenies, (ii) to demonstrate, through a standardized methodological protocol, the applicability of root electrical capacitance measurement as a field phenotyping method for the selection of superior root systems to improve crop abiotic stress tolerance and resource efficiency, (iii) to suggest a standardized methodological protocol for the application of electrical capacitance measurements in breeding nurseries, and (iv) to discuss the methodological aspects, development and limitations of this method. A methodological overview of the use of electrical capacitance to measure plant root systems, which emerged from working groups directed by the author of this unique method, is presented along with a standardized protocol. An overview of the application of electrical capacitance measurements of roots in breeding is shown along with some examples of successful applications.
Źródło:
International Agrophysics; 2020, 34, 2; 173-184
0236-8722
Pojawia się w:
International Agrophysics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rooting shoots of apple varieties and their tetraploids obtained by the in vitro technique
Autorzy:
Podwyszyńska, M.
Cieślińska, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11888859.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Lublinie
Tematy:
plant breeding
Malus domestica
Free Redstar cultivar
Gala Must cultivar
Pinova cultivar
Red Chief cultivar
plant cultivar
fruit tree
apple tree
shoot rooting
in vitro method
tetraploid
Opis:
For breeding purposes, the number of neo-tetraploids of apple cultivars have been derived by in vitro technique. The first attempts at rooting and acclimatization of tetraploid shoots failed. The aim of the study was to develop an effective method for rooting microcuttings of apple neo-tetraploids. In the first stage of the study, in vitro rooting method was optimized for the shoots of diploid donor cultivars. Shoots were rooted on Murashige and Skoog [1962] (MS) medium with a reduced content of nitrogen, in the presence of auxins alone or in combination (indole-3-butyric acid – IBA, 1-naphthaleneacetic acid – NAA and indole- -3-acetic acid – IAA) with addition of putrescine, arginine or ornithine. The compounds were applied continuously for 25 days (one-step rooting system) or for seven days with subsequent transplanting shoots onto a medium without these compounds (two-step rooting method). Tetraploid microcuttings of the cultivars ‘Free Redstar’, ‘Gala Must’, ‘Pinova’ and ‘Redchief’ were evaluated for rooting on the selected medium considered optimal for their diploid counterparts. The shoots of all diploid apple scion cultivars had low rooting capacity. IBA alone poorly stimulated root formation. Significant improvement of rooting to 60–80% was achieved through the application of auxins, 2.5 µM IBA or 1.3 µM NAA combined with 5 µM IAA and 50 µM putrescine in the two-step rooting system with darkness and increased temperature of 26°C during seven-day induction phase. The replacement of benzyladenine (BA) by meta-Topolin (m-T) in the last multiplication subculture influenced positively shoot acclimatization. Tetraploids had comparable or slightly lower rooting and acclimatization ability compared to their diploid counterparts.
Źródło:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus; 2018, 17, 1; 49-62
1644-0692
Pojawia się w:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8

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