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    Wyświetlanie 1-12 z 12
    Tytuł:
    Grzyby glebowe i ich znaczenie
    Significance of the soil fungi
    Autorzy:
    Behnke-Borowczyk, J.
    Kwaśna, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1009423.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    gleby
    mikrobiologia gleb
    grzyby glebowe
    funkcje biologiczne
    fungi
    soil
    Opis:
    Fungi in soil perform important services related to nutrient cycling, water dynamics and disease suppression. Along with bacteria, they are important as decomposers in the soil food network. Fungi convert hard−to−digest organic material into forms that other organisms can use. They can immobilize or retain nutrients in the soil. Secondary fungal metabolites have the fungistatic properties and are used in biocontrol processes. The hyphae physically binds soil particles together, creating stable aggregates that help increase water infiltration and soil water retention capacity. Fungi help to increase the accumulation of humic−acid rich organic matter that is resistant to degradation and may stay in the soil for hundreds of year.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2010, 154, 12; 846-850
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Grzyby saproksyliczne w resztkach pozrębowych sosny zwyczajnej
    Saproxylic fungi in the Scots pine woody debris
    Autorzy:
    Kwaśna, H.
    Łakomy, P.
    Gornowicz, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989591.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    sosna zwyczajna
    Pinus sylvestris
    zreby
    pozostalosci zrebowe
    mikologia
    grzyby saproksyliczne
    drewno martwe
    biodegradacja
    deadwood quality and amount
    nutritional preferences
    saproxylic fungi
    succession
    Opis:
    Awareness of the importance of the presence of deadwood in forest ecosystems has increased in recent decades. Today, deadwood is not only recognized as a key element in carbon sequestration, nutrient supply and water retention, but is also known to be a reservoir of saproxylic species (species associated with the decay of wood on living and dead trees). The amount of deadwood in clear−cut forest is currently higher than 100 years ago. The issue of how much deadwood and of what quality (including size) there should be in order to promote the conservation of saproxylic biodiversity and sustainable forest management is still vivid. Mycological analyses to determine (i) structure of fungal communities in Scots pine wood debris, (ii) sources and reservoirs of fungi, (iii) nutritional preferences of fungi, and (iv) potential rate and dynamics of wood decomposition were carried out on an ‘old' and ‘fresh' wood (stumps, branches and boughs) from Jedwabno Forest District (north−eastern Poland). Fungi from 62 wood samples were isolated on two artificial media (PDA and SNA) and identified according to their morphology. Eleven species of Zygomycota, 79 of Ascomycota and 15 of Basidiomycota were detected. The majority of species (91%) colonized many samples. Only 9% of species colonized single samples only. The most common species, with high rates of colonization, included Acremonium spp., Alternaria sp., Aspergillus spp., Aureobasidium pullulans, Cladosporium spp., Epicoccum nigrum, Lecythophora spp., Mariannaea elegans, Ophiostoma + Sporothrix spp., Penicillium spp., Phialocephala spp., Phialophora spp., Phlebiopsis gigantea, Phoma spp., Sarocladium strictum, Scytalidium lignicola, Sydowia polyspora, Trichoderma spp. (mainly T. harzianum and T. viride) and Umbelopsis spp. A few species occurred only on stumps or only on branches. More species occurred on 'old' wood than on 'fresh' wood. The average level of sample colonization by a single fungal species was higher (non−significantly) on 'old' than on 'fresh' wood, and on branches than on stumps. The results show that deadwood is a habitat for many fungal species that occur in succession. The presence of deadwood in clear−cut forest and in its neighborhood is necessary for the conservation of saproxylic fungal diversity and ecological sustainability of forests.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2016, 160, 05; 355-364
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Czy Penicillium adametzii może ograniczyć pasożytniczą zgorzel siewek sosny zwyczajnej?
    Can Penicillium adametzii decrease the damping-off in pine?
    Autorzy:
    Szwajkowska-Michałek, L.
    Kwaśna, H.
    Perkowski, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/973825.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    grzyby antagonistyczne
    grzyby zgorzelowe
    metabolity grzybow
    ograniczanie wzrostu
    pasozytnicza zgorzel siewek
    Penicillium adametzii
    samosiewy
    siewki
    wykorzystanie
    choroby roślin
    czynniki chorobotwórcze
    drzewa leśne
    leśnictwo
    skuteczność
    szkółki leśne
    damping−off
    metabolites
    penicillium adametzii
    pine seedlings
    Opis:
    Mixture of the Penicillium adametzii metabolites present in the chloroform extract usually did not inhibit the growth of damping−off fungi, including C. destructans, F. oxysporum. F. sambucinum, F. solani and R. solani, in vitro. Extract from the P. adametzii liquid culture: (i) protected the inoculated pine seedlings from the damping−off only temporarily, (ii) decreased the health of the non−inoculated seedlings, (iii) caused the temporary increases of the fungal population in soil, (iv) changed structure of the soil fungi communities, and (v) caused the continuous increase of Trichoderma, mostly T. aureoviride population. The increase of pine seedlings damping−off was connected with the increase of T. aureoviride population in soil. Natural isolates of P. adametzii cannot be considered as the effective biological factor in the biological control of damping−off.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2011, 155, 01; 46-62
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Podatność drzew leśnych na opieńkową zgniliznę korzeni
    The susceptibility of forest trees to Armillaria root rot
    Autorzy:
    Szynkiewicz, A.
    Kwaśna, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/973615.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    grzyby
    choroby grzybowe
    Armillaria
    czynniki chorobotwórcze
    podatność na choroby
    leśnictwo
    drzewa leśne
    opieńkowa zginilizna korzeni
    fitopatologia leśna
    armillaria
    susceptibility of trees
    resistance
    stress
    Opis:
    The susceptibility of forest trees to Armillaria butt and root rot is described. The paper characterises the most common Armillaria species and presents the mechanical, physiological and chemical mechanisms of plant resistance against Armillaria. The importance of stress as a cause of increased susceptibility of plants to infection is emphasised. Stress in plants may be caused by drought or an excess of water in the soil, inappropriate temperature, unsuitable soil pH, shortage of oxygen in the ground, wrong nutrition, lack of light, pollution of the soil or air, and the presence of damaging macro−, mezo− or microflora and fauna. Stress decreases the production of cambium in the affected area, the production of resins that limit colonisation, the intensity of photosynthesis, respiration and the transport of nutrients. Stress causes the hydrolysis of carbohydrates necessary for production of energy required for resistance responses, increases accumulation of glucose and other substances used by Armillaria, favours the degradation of phenols that limit colonization, increases susceptibility to other stress factors, and decreases regeneration of the trees.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2004, 143, 08; 25-33
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Oznaczanie biomasy grzybni w glebie metodą analizy zawartości ergosterolu
    Determination of fungal biomass in soil using ergosterol content analysis
    Autorzy:
    Szwajkowska-Michałek, L.
    Kwaśna, H.
    Perkowski, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/990960.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    gleby lesne
    grzyby glebowe
    biomasa
    oznaczanie
    zawartosc ergosterolu
    metody badan
    metody chemiczne
    ergosterol
    microbiological and chemical analysis of soil
    damping−off fungi
    Opis:
    The presence of microorganisms in the substrate is detected with increasing frequency using chemical methods. During the first 9 weeks ergosterol concentration in sterile or not sterile soil inoculated with one of the damping−off fungi reached 966 μg/g, while number of colony forming units (cfu) went up to 247×103 cfu/g. Ergosterol concentration was correlated with the size of the soil fungal community estimated in terms of the number of colony forming units in soil. Pearson's correlation coefficient was 0.700−0.946 for sterile and not sterile soil. Higher content of ergosterol was observed for F. sambucinum var. sambucinum, H. haematococca and T. cucumeris while higher average content of cfu was observed for H. haematococca and T. cucumeris.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2014, 158, 03; 203-211
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zbiorowiska grzybów w rozkładającym się drewnie dębu i sosny
    Communities of fungi in decomposed wood of oak and pine
    Autorzy:
    Kwaśna, H.
    Mazur, A.
    Łabędzki, A.
    Kuźmiński, R.
    Łakomy, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1294810.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    fitopatologia lesna
    dab
    Quercus
    sosna
    Pinus
    drewno martwe
    rozklad drewna
    grzyby
    zbiorowiska grzybow
    communities of fungi
    oak
    Scots pine
    succession
    wood decomposition
    Opis:
    The abundance and diversity of wood decomposing fungi were investigated by isolating and cultivating filamentous fungi from wood and by detection of fruit bodies of ascomycetous and basidiomycetous fungi. The objective was to study the impact of forest management on fungi in 100-year-old oak and 87-year-old Scots pine forests in Northern Poland. Fungi were found on coarse woody debris of decayed stumps and fallen logs, boughs and branches in each of the three (managed and unmanaged) examined stands. In total, 226 species of Oomycota and fungi were recorded. Oak wood was colonized by one species of Oomycota and 141 species of fungi including Zygomycota (19 species), Ascomycota (103 species) and Basidiomycota (19 species). Scots pine wood was also colonized by one species of Oomycota and 138 species of fungi including Zygomycota (19 species), Ascomycota (90 species) and Basidiomycota (29 species). In the first, second and third stages of decomposition, the oak wood was colonized by 101, 89 and 56 species of fungi respectively and pine wood was colonized by 82, 103 and 47 species respectively. Eighty three of the observed species (37%) occurred on both types of wood, while the other species displayed nutritional preferences. A decrease in the number of species with advancing decay indicates the necessity for a continuous supply of dead wood to the forest ecosystem. This supply would secure the continuity of fauna and flora and guarantee a stable forest development. The nutritional and ecological preferences of many fungal species furthermore indicate the necessity of supplying the forests with wood of different species. In commercially managed forests the results obtained here will aid in: (i) the development of strategies for effective dead wood management in the context of forest productivity and future wood stock growth, as well as (ii) finding a compromise between forest management requirements and environmental protection.
    Źródło:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2016, 77, 3
    1732-9442
    2082-8926
    Pojawia się w:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Mykobiota krzewów jałowca Juniperus x media z objawami zamierania na terenie oczyszczalni ścieków w Poznaniu
    Mycobiota of juniper Juniperus x media with symptoms of dieback in sewage plant facilities area in Poznan
    Autorzy:
    Behnke-Borowczyk, J.
    Kwaśna, H.
    Szewczyk, W.
    Zatorski, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1291988.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    fitopatologia
    zamieranie pedow
    jalowiec posredni
    Juniperus media
    patogeny
    grzyby
    Chalara
    Cytospora
    Fusarium
    Ilyonectria
    Mycosphaerella
    Pestalotiopsis
    Setomelanomma
    Armillaria
    Rhizoctonia
    Thelephora
    Cadophora
    Leptosphaeria
    Lophodermium
    Septoria
    Sydowia
    gałęzie
    zamieranie
    jałowiec
    branches
    dieback
    fungi
    juniper
    pathogens
    Opis:
    The frequency and diversity of fungi in branches, roots and soil was examined in 3–10-years-old diseased Juniperus x media trees growing in the surroundings of the sewage treatment facility in Poznań. Symptoms of branch dieback appeared first on the older parts inside the crown and mostly in the lower part of trees subsequently spreading upwards and outwards. Our analyses included extraction of environmental rDNA from branches, roots and soil, amplification of the rDNA with fungi specific primers and sequencing. Fungal taxa from Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Chytridiomycota, Glomeromycota and Zygomycota were detected with a total of 695, 135 and 196 taxa in branches, roots and soil, respectively. Fungal communities included plant pathogens, opportunistic pathogens, epiphytes or endophytes, mycorrhizal taxa, saprotrophs common on organic debris and in soil, human and animal pathogens, entomopathogenic taxa, mycoparasites, white and black yeasts, taxa with antagonistic and medicinal properties and lichenized fungi. The frequency of potential plant pathogens was 2.64–33.12% in branches, 0.88% in roots and 1.29–2.93% in soil. The most common pathogens were species from Chalara, Cytospora, Fusarium, Ilyonectria, Mycosphaerella, Setomelanomma (Ascomycota) and Armillaria, Rhizoctonia (Basidiomycota) genera. The less frequent pathogens included species from Leptosphaeria, Lophodermium and Septoria genera. In conclusion, oxygen deficiency and the presence of poisonous gases in the air around the sewage plant is likely to have had damaging effects on plants infected or colonized by opportunistic and facultative parasites.
    Źródło:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2019, 80, 4
    1732-9442
    2082-8926
    Pojawia się w:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zastosowanie regionu ITS1/2 rDNA i 18S rDNA do badania mykobioty gleby leśnej
    Use of ITS1/2 rDNA and 18S rDNA in studies of the forest soil mycobiota
    Autorzy:
    Behnke-Borowczyk, J.
    Kwaśna, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989532.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    gleby lesne
    mikroorganizmy glebowe
    grzyby glebowe
    struktura zbiorowisk
    metody badan
    metody molekularne
    DNA rybosomalny
    region ITS1/2
    region 18S
    detection
    forest
    its1/2 rdna
    ns1
    ns2
    18s rdna
    microorganisms
    mycobiota
    soil
    Opis:
    The aim of the studies was to check the usefulness of ITS1/2 rDNA and 18S rDNA regions in the molecular investigation of forest soil microbiota structure. Soil studied, originated from a 1−year−old plantation and a 40−year old stand of Scots pine located in Bierzwnik and Międzychów forest districts located 200 km apart. The hypothesis assumed that both approaches lead to the discovery of abundant microbiota communities with different structures and with rare common species. The environmental DNA was extracted with a Power Soil ® DNA Isolation Kit from two soil samples in each site. The ITS1/2 rDNA was amplified with specific primers ITS1 and ewfitsrev 1, and 18S rDNA with universal primers NS1 and NS2. PCR products were cloned into pGEM−T Easy. Inserts were primarily selected in blue/white screening on a X−gal medium. Representative clones were further selected in two separate RFLP analyses with HhaI and BsuRI restriction enzymes. Representative clones purified and sequenced using the Sanger Method in the DNA Research Centre (Poznań). Each sequence was identified to the lowest taxonomic rank. Ninety to 233 clones with DNA of 5−44 taxa including 3−37 taxa of fungi were obtained from 4 samples of soil. After application of ITS1/2 rDNA and 18S rDNA, the fungal DNA was detected respectively in 89,60−100,00% and 11,77−64,8% clones and the number of fungal species detected was respectively 12−37 and 3−19. Fungi were represented by four orders: Chytridiomycota, Zygomycota, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. Both primers also amplified also DNA of other organisms (mostly from Animalia and Protista Kingdom) represented by 0−9 taxa. If compared, the application of forest soil microbiota structure with ITS1/2 rDNA and 18S rDNA led to detect a lower abundance of fungi and a bigger abundance of other organisms. Considering the higher number of clones and taxa recognized, the region of ITS1/2 rDNA was more effective in the studies of the soil microbiota structure. The region of 18S rDNA was efficient in local detection of Chytridiomycota and Zygomycota and of rare species of fungi from Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. Despite the deficiency of NCBI database the use of the 18S rDNA region in studies on fungal community the region should be included in molecular studies of fungal diversity. It is concluded that studies on the biodiversity of soil microorganisms need the application of a few independent methods of detection and identification.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2016, 160, 07; 564-572
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Gatunki Phytophthora i Pythium w glebie i w korzeniach dębu szypułkowego na terenach popowodziowych w Nadleśnictwie Wołów
    Phytophthora and Pythium species in soils and in roots of the pedunculate oaks in periodically flooded areas in Wolow Forest District
    Autorzy:
    Kwaśna, H.
    Szewczyk, W.
    Behnke-Borowczyk, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989782.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    tereny pokleskowe
    tereny popowodziowe
    drzewostany debowe
    drzewa lesne
    dab szypulkowy
    Quercus robur
    korzenie
    gleby lesne
    grzyby
    Phytophthora
    Phytium
    wystepowanie
    Nadlesnictwo Wolow
    pedunculate oak
    fungi
    globisporangium
    oomycota
    flood
    phytophthora
    pythium
    Opis:
    Phytophthora and Pythium species (Oomycota) are known to be serious pathogens of forest trees. Little is known, however, about their presence in Polish oak forests and their role in the oak decline, especially in the flooded areas. The aim of this study was (1) to detect and compare populations of microorganisms from Oomycota and fungi in roots and soil of healthy and declining pedunculate 30−126 years old oak stands, which had been flooded by the Odra River for three months in 1997 and one month in 2010, (2) to demonstrate the relationship between different chemical factors of soil and the occurrence of microorganisms, and (3) to assess the contribution of Oomycota to oak decline. Study was carried out in Wołów Forest District (south−western Poland). Microorganisms were isolated from fine (1−5 mm in diameter) roots and non−rhizosphere soil collected from 0−50 cm horizon. Isolation procedure from roots included surface sterilization and plating the root segments on the nutrient agar. An oak leaf baiting method was used for isolation of Oomycota from soil. Identification of microorganisms was based on morphology and sequencing of the ITS1/2 rDNA. Oomycota was represented by: Globisporangium, Phytophthora and Pythium and fungi mostly by: Aspergillus, Chaetosphaeria, Cylindrocarpon, Mortierella, Mucor, Penicillium, Trichoderma and Umbelopsis. Globisporangium attrantheridium (syn. Pythium attrantheridium) occurred locally and was found in roots of only one flooded oak. This is the first record of this species on oak and in Poland. G. intermedium, P. gibbosa/P. gregata, P. plurivora and Pythium sp. were found in soil of flooded and non−flooded (control) oak stands. The organisms occurred in podzolized brown soils, brown alluvial soils and gley soils that had most nitrogen (21−60 mg/kg), various amounts of calcium (61.1−347.6 mg/100g) and moderate acidity (pH=3.85−4.2). There was often a significant association between exposure to flood and the health status of oak trees assessed by the scale of defoliation. Oomycota seemed to be only moderately associated with increased tree defoliation as a symptom of oak decline.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2015, 159, 07; 531-539
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ metodyki badań na ocenę struktury zbiorowisk mikroorganizmów w glebie leśnej
    Effect of the methodology of studies on the structure of the microorganisms communities in the forest soil
    Autorzy:
    Behnke-Borowczyk, J.
    Kwaśna, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989286.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    gleby lesne
    mikroorganizmy glebowe
    grzyby mikroskopowe
    struktura zbiorowisk
    metodyka badan
    metody klasyczne
    metody molekularne
    startery NS1
    startery NS2
    DNA
    region 18S
    classical method of isolation
    fungi
    microorganisms
    ns1
    ns2
    18s rdna
    soil
    Opis:
    Two different communities of microorganisms were identified in soils by application of the classical method of fungi isolation (soil dilution, culturing on artificial media, morphotyping) and a molecular method (extraction of the environmental DNA, amplification with universal primers NS1 and NS2, cloning and sequencing of representative clones). No organisms were common to both communities. Apart from rare representatives of the Animalia, communities included single fungus−like Eucarya belonging to the Protista, Class Oomycota, and numerous fungi belonging to Chytridiomycota, Zygomycota, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota orders. In total, 88 species were identified in four soil samples. Fungi were mostly Ascomycota. The classical method was particularly effective in detection of fungi important for creation of phytosanitary conditions of soil, i.e. antagonists (Penicillium, Tolypocladium and Trichoderma) and potential stimulants (dark−pigmented Hormiactis candida, Humicola spp. and Phialophora spp.) of phytopathogens (including the common forest genera Armillaria and Heterobasidion). Application of the classical method allowed the detection of mycorrhizal Ascomycota from the genus Oidiodendron. Application of the molecular method allowed the detection of 13 mycorrhizal Basidiomycota. Although primers NS1 and NS2 were designed from a match with DNA of culturable organisms, they also amplified the DNA of non−culturable organisms. This emphasizes their potential usefulness in studies of the biodiversity of microorganisms in environmental samples. The shortage of reference sequences in the database discourages use of the 18S rDNA region in studies on fungal communities. The studies on the biodiversity of microorganisms need the application of a few independent methods of detection and identification.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2016, 160, 06; 492-503
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ sposobu przygotowania gleby na aktywność biologiczną gleby względem patogenów korzeni w 40-letnim drzewostanie sosnowym
    Effect of pre-planting soil preparation on biological activity of soil towards root rot pathogens in 40-year-old Scots pine stand
    Autorzy:
    Kwaśna, H.
    Łakomy, P.
    Gornowicz, R.
    Borowczyk-Behnke, J.
    Kuźmiński, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/973542.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    przygotowanie gleby
    mikroorganizmy glebowe
    grzyby glebowe
    bakterie glebowe
    sosna zwyczajna
    Armillaria
    Heterobasidion
    leśnictwo
    uprawy leśne
    gleby leśne
    aktywność biologiczna
    drzewa leśne
    zdrowotność roślin
    stopień porażenia
    armillaria
    heterobasidion
    scots pine
    soil preparation
    soil suppressiveness
    Opis:
    Effects of pre−planting soil preparation on the clear−cut on the community structure of soil fungi and bacteria, their possible biological activity towards Armillaria and Heterobasidion, and mortality of Scots pine trees were studied in 40−year−old Scots pine plantation in Międzychód Forest District (W Poland). Pre−planting soil preparation included: (i) deep ploughing, (ii) shallow furrowing, (iii) making holes for planting, and (iv) shallow turning of the topsoil. The soil−dilution method was used for detection of fungi and bacteria in soil. Morphotyping was used for identification of fungi. Phenotypic traits and biochemical properties were used for identification of bacteria. Molecular method, MID−66 or BIOLOG® systems were additionally applied for identification of the most common bacteria. Deep furrowing, making holes for planting or shallow turning of the topsoil before planting increased abundance of fungi and bacteria in soil 40 years after treatment. Increased abundance of fungi and bacteria was associated with increased presence of taxa considered as antagonistic to Armillaria and Heterobasidion. The highest mortality of Scots pines was observed on sites with deep ploughing or shallow furrowing before planting, while the lowest mortality was found on sites with making holes for planting or shallow turning of the topsoil. The majority of dead trees were infected by H. annosum. Moderate intervention into the soil habitat on the clear−cut site before planting of Scots pine seedlings seems to create the habitat beneficial for the future growth of trees.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2015, 159, 02; 177-125
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Struktura zbiorowisk grzybów i bakterii w glebie 1-rocznej uprawy i 10-letniego młodnika w zależności od sposobu przygotowania gleby
    Structure of fungal and bacterial communities in 1-year and 10-year-old plantations of Scots pine after different pre-planting preparation of soil
    Autorzy:
    Kwaśna, H.
    Łakomy, P.
    Gornowicz, R.
    Mikiciński, A.
    Borowczyk-Behnke, J.
    Gałązka, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989686.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    uprawy lesne
    uprawy sosnowe
    mlodniki sosnowe
    sosna zwyczajna
    Pinus sylvestris
    przygotowanie gleby
    gleby lesne
    aktywnosc biologiczna
    grzyby glebowe
    bakterie glebowe
    wystepowanie
    zbiorowiska bakterii
    zbiorowiska grzybow
    struktura zbiorowisk
    armillaria
    heterobasidion
    scots pine
    silvicultural techniques
    soil biological activity
    Opis:
    Effects of post−harvest wood−debris utilization and pre−planting soil preparation in clear−cut forest on the community structure of soil fungi and bacteria and their possible biological activity towards Armillaria and Heterobasidion were studied in 1− and 10−year−old Scots pine plantations in Bierzwnik and Międzychód Forest Districts (W Poland). Post−harvest wood−debris utilization included: (i) removal from the surface, (ii) spread of the coarse or chipped wood−debris on the surface and (iii) mixing of the chipped wood debris with the soil. Pre−planting soil preparation included: (i) deep furrowing, (ii) shallow turning of the topsoil, (iii) ridging and (iv) no ground preparation. The soil−dilution method was used for detection of fungi and bacteria in soil. Morphotyping was used for identification of fungi. Phenotypic traits and biochemical properties were used for identification of bacteria. Molecular method, MID−66 or BIOLOG® systems were additionally applied for identification of the most common bacteria. Removal of post−harvest wood−debris from the surface of the clear−cut land and shallow turning of the topsoil or ridging before planting increased abundance of fungi in soil of 1−year−old Scots pine plantation. Deep furrowing resulted in increased abundance of fungi and no ground preparation in increased abundance of bacteria in soil of 10−year−old Scots pine plantation. Increased abundance of fungi and bacteria was associated with increased abundance of taxa considered as antagonistic to Armillaria and Heterobasidion. Removal of the post−harvest wood debris and moderate or no mechanical intervention into the soil habitat on the clear−cut site before planting of Scots pine seedlings seems to create the habitat, which may be beneficial for the growth of young trees.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2015, 159, 01; 71-81
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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