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Tytuł:
Virtual Consumer versus Internet Creator, or Attitudes of Polish Teachers to Online Early School Education. Conclusions for Practice
Autorzy:
Majewska, Kamila
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1967573.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-09-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
early school education
virtual consumer
Internet creator
Information Technology
virtual space
Opis:
The aim of the present research was to assess the degree of preparation, methods of use, and the ability to create online educational resources by Polish teachers of early school education. The article presents the results of pilot studies carried out under the NP.-2550 grant, as well as the results of proper research conducted in 2017 in a group of 340 teachers. The selection of the research group was random. The collected data showed current trends, and made it possible to address the issue of a virtual consumer and an online creator from the perspective of a teacher.
Źródło:
The New Educational Review; 2019, 57; 210-222
1732-6729
Pojawia się w:
The New Educational Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cyberspace in the Perspective of Cognitive Pedagogy
Autorzy:
Siemieniecka, Dorota Anna
Siemieniecki, Bronisław Franciszek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1969045.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
cognitive pedagogy
cyberspace
virtual reality
Opis:
The article discusses the problems of human functioning in cyberspace seen from the perspective of cognitive pedagogy. The focus was on the area of communication, information processing by people and problems related to the language of the media. The understanding of the concepts of cyberspace and virtual reality from the position of cognitive pedagogy has been defined. A number of phenomena have been presented, such as: multitasking, cognitive load, sequencing mechanism, compression and addiction.
Źródło:
The New Educational Review; 2018, 54; 157-167
1732-6729
Pojawia się w:
The New Educational Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ethnography of Virtual Phenomena and Processes on the Internet
Autorzy:
Juszczyk, Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2031693.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
virtual ethnography
global network
communication process
social networks
distance learning
virtual support groups
cyberbullying
Opis:
The paper presents the ethnography of virtual phenomena and processes, conducted in the social, educational and cultural spheres of the Internet. It describes the most important features of the global network and shows all its aspects which are the subject of ethnographic studies at the Faculty of Pedagogy and Psychology of the University of Silesia in Katowice, i.e. the communication process and its semiotic character, the process of creating social networks, education supported by social media, virtual self-help groups for stigmatised people, and cyberbullying.
Źródło:
The New Educational Review; 2014, 36; 206-216
1732-6729
Pojawia się w:
The New Educational Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Academic Mobility of Students in the Conditions of Digitalisation of Higher Education
Autorzy:
Savitska, Victoriia
Livitska, Nataliia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/16539046.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
student exchange
virtual educational environment
international cooperation among higher education
institutions
virtual mobility
project preparation
Opis:
The article considers the issue of virtual international academic mobility as one of the priority areas of international activities of higher education institutions. It is substantiated that the intensive development of information and communication technologies (knowledge mobility) and informatisation of public life led to the spread and use of virtual educational environments and e-learning in higher education, which became the basis for the development of virtual academic mobility of students. The purpose of the study is to study the existing approaches and practices of academic mobility, including virtual, to determine the main benefits and opportunities for disseminating this experience at all levels of higher education in Ukraine. The research methodology consists of general theoretical and empirical research methods. A review of modern scientific literature, periodicals, and scientific and methodological sources on the problem of academic mobility and the digitalisation of higher education is made. Their analysis, structuring, interpretation and construction of logical conclusions are highlighted. The article considers the content of the main scientific approaches to the definition of “academic mobility”. The characteristic of academic mobility in the conditions of digitalisation of higher education is given. Varieties of academic mobility in modern conditions of digitalisation of higher education (physical, virtual, mixed) are considered. The subjects of virtual academic mobility (virtual student, virtual teacher, virtual university, virtual campus) are outlined. The main advantages and disadvantages of such virtual academic mobility of students are identified. The main methodological recommendations of European funds and associations are analysed, based on which the project preparation plan for any virtual mobility type is developed. It is proposed to carry out additional measures that ensure the quantitative growth of academic (virtual) mobility and improve its quality. The necessity of searching for new forms of remote exchanges, analysis of the experience of foreign associations and their adaptation according to the realities of the system of higher education in Ukraine is substantiated: the active involvement of the student’s audience in programmes of virtual cooperation; increasing the necessary competencies of the administrative and teaching staff of higher education institutions, which allow implementing such virtual projects using innovative information technology tools; preparation of the regulatory framework that enshrines the right to implement virtual academic mobility along with the full-time form and recognition of its results by recalculating educational loans.
Źródło:
Viae Educationis; 2022, 2; 32-37
2956-2856
Pojawia się w:
Viae Educationis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wirtualne laboratorium w nauczaniu podstaw psychologii behawioralnej
Autorzy:
Bręński, Szymon
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1997541.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-03-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
behavioral psychology
behavior analysis
classical conditioning
operant conditioning
virtual animal lab
Sniffy the Virtual Rat
Opis:
The description and explanation of human behavior in behavioral psychology is conducted according to nonhuman animal model. This field of science is based on primary learning processes such as classical and operant conditioning, which were discovered due to research on animals. Therefore, many U.S. colleges and universities use animal laboratory experiments in teaching undergraduate and graduate courses of psychology. Decreasing public support for research on live animals, more strict regulations in animal laws and high laboratory maintaining costs caused that alternative ways to demonstrate students the rights of learning and shaping behavior were looked for. Due to the expand of personal computers, programs and virtual models simulating live animals behavior were developed. The most popular one and currently most accessible is „Sniffy, the virtual rat”. The paper discusses the possibility of using the program in teaching. Moreover, the results of two surveys on using live versus virtual animals in didactics of behavioral psychology, carried out among students, are presented and discussed.
Źródło:
Kultura i Edukacja; 2017, 1(115); 199-216
1230-266X
Pojawia się w:
Kultura i Edukacja
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Community in a Virtual Classroom
Autorzy:
Kwiatkowska, Wioletta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2028756.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-03-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
community
virtual classroom
blended-learning
education
Opis:
The main research objectives were presenting experiences of virtual classroom learners in the context of being part of a community or being indifferent towards it, as well as getting to know the value of the community in view of respondents, and the attitudes of respondents to the community. The research operated within the interpretive paradigm. The respondents were twenty six students of different majors at Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń. All the respondents emphasized the value of being part of a community; still, the opinions were diverse with regard to individual predispositions, skills and aptitudes of the learners. The obtained results are of great significance to the educational thought and practice and in relation to the growing importance of e-learning and its popularisation.
Źródło:
The New Educational Review; 2014, 35; 66-76
1732-6729
Pojawia się w:
The New Educational Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nauczyciel w „zwierciadle” kultury wirtualnej i wizualnej
Teacher in the “Mirror” of Virtual and Visual Culture
Autorzy:
Huk, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2171496.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-02-28
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
teacher
virtual culture
visual culture
the media
Opis:
The school forms the specific society, which creates a specific for student and teacher language, behaviours and products. They penetrate from the real world into the virtual world, constructing the peculiar virtual and visual culture. In the article the culture of this type was analysed, with reference to the person of teacher. Presented situations, based on films about teachers, placed in the Internet by students as well as based on press reports, illustrate the process of creating the culture seen in „a distorting mirror”.
Źródło:
Kultura i Edukacja; 2014, 1(101); 99-114
1230-266X
Pojawia się w:
Kultura i Edukacja
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Acceptance factors on the use of social networks for academic purposes of management sciences students
Autorzy:
Valencia, Alejandro
Vélez-Salazar, Mauricio
Correa-Díaz, Ana María
Vélez-Salazar, Carolina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2011319.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
learning
social networks
teaching innovation
university students
virtual
Opis:
This study examines factors involving the acceptance of social networks for academic purposes. A survey was applied to 290 graduate students as a quantitative methodological design. The main finding is that students thought that greater use of social networks for academic purposes would improve interaction and feedback among peers and also would improve teaching-learning processes. Also, students considered their skills as sufficient to use social networks for academic purposes, expressing their intention to incorporate them into the subjects dynamics.
Źródło:
The New Educational Review; 2015, 42; 133-143
1732-6729
Pojawia się w:
The New Educational Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Об’єкти цифрових технологій та їхнє правове регулювання
Digital Technology Objects and their Legal Regulation
Autorzy:
Мічурін (Michurin), Євген (Ievgene)
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2185484.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-09-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
: об’єкти цифрових технологій
віртуальна власність
віртуальне майно
віртуальні блага
криптовалюта
digital technology objects
virtual property
virtual goods
cryptocurrency
Opis:
Problem statement. With the further development of digital technologies, their introduction into public life will deepen. The process of implementing digital technologies in law is currently underway. Depending on the subject and method of its legal regulation, the law includes the specified social relations in the sphere of the corresponding legal regulation. Due to the novelty of relationships with digital objects, their wired regulation is under development. Currently, the scientific problem is the classification of digital objects. The legal nature of these objects needs to be clarified. The aim of the work is to identify trends in the legal regulation of digital technology. The tasks are: to find out the directions of development of legal doctrine on objects of digital technologies; to determine the directions and essence of legal regulation of digital technology objects (in particular, in private law). Research methods. The formal-logical method is used in the study of theories to determine the lens of digital technology. The dialectical method is used to define the lens of digital technology in the legal system: private law, public law. The system-structural method allowed to study the objects of digital technologies in the system of private law. The logic of the study is built from general ideas about the objects of digital technology in law to the individual features of such objects in private law. Results. It was found that there are the following approaches to the study of digital technologies: technocratic, complex law, special law. The special legal approach has the following directions: public law, private law and research of digital technologies as an object of intellectual property law. The peculiarities of legal terminology are analyzed, namely: „virtual assets”, „virtual goods”, „digital things”, „digital technology objects”. The word „virtual asset” is inherent in economic terminology. In private law, it is more correct to use the concept of „virtual good”. The concept of absolute rights is studied. Conclusions. The possibility of applying the concept of property rights to the legal regulation of digital technologies has been proved. Features of digital technology ownership have been identified. It is proposed to consider the de facto owner of a digital technology object as a person who has access rights to it. This access is through authentication and verification. That is, entering the login and password of the appropriate user. The application of classifications of contracts in civil law to digital technology objects is analyzed. In particular, for legal purposes: agreements on the transfer of ownership, rights of use, provision of services, performance of works. It has been found that these classifications can be applied to them, taking into account the characteristics of digital technology objects.
Постановка проблеми. Із подальшим розвит- ком цифрових технологій їхнє впровадження в суспільне життя буде поглиблюватися. Наразі відбувається процес впровадження цифрових технологій у право. Право залежно від предмету та методу свого правового регулювання включає вказані суспільні відносини у сферу відповідного правового регулювання. Через новизну взаємин із цифровими об’єктами їхнє правове регулювання перебуває в розвитку. Сьогодні наукову проблему складає класифікація об’єктів цифрових технологій. Потрібно з’ясувати правову природу цих об’єктів. Метою роботи є визначити тенденції правового регулювання об’єктів цифрових технологій. Завдання такі: з’ясувати напрями розвитку правової доктрини щодо об’єктів цифрових технологій; визначити напрями та сутність правового регулювання об’єктів цифрових технологій (зокрема, у приватному праві). Методи дослідження. Формально-логічний метод використано під час дослідження теорій щодо визначення об’єктів цифрових технологій. Діалектичний метод застосовано щодо визначення об’єктів цифрових технологій у системі права: приватному праві, публічному праві. Системно-структурний метод дав змогу дослідити об’єкти цифрових технологій у системі приватного права. Логіка дослідження побудована від загальних уявлень про об’єкти цифрових технологій у праві до окремих особливостей таких об’єктів у приватному праві. Результати. З’ясовано, що існують такі підходи до дослідження об’єктів цифрових технологій: технократичний, комплексно-правовий, спеціально-правовий. Спеціально-правовий підхід має кілька напрямів: публічно-правовий, приватно-правовий та дослідження об’єктів цифрових технологій як об’єкт права інтелектуальної власності. Проаналізовано особливості правової термінології, а саме: «віртуальні активи», «віртуальні блага», «цифрові речі», «об’єкти цифрових технологій». Слово «віртуальний актив» притаманне економічній термінології. У приватному праві точнішим вважаємо термін «віртуальне благо». Досліджено концепцію абсолютних прав. Доведено можливість застосовувати концепцію речових прав для правового регулювання об’єктів цифрових технологій. Виявлено особливості володіння об’єктами цифрових технологій. Запропоновано вважати фактичним володільцем об’єкта цифрових технологій особу, що має права доступу до нього. Цей доступ відбувається через автентифікацію та верифікацію, тобто введення логіна та пароля належного користувача. Проаналізовано застосування класифікацій договорів у цивільному праві до об’єктів цифрових технологій. Зокрема, за правовою метою виокремлюють договори про перехід права власності, права користування, надання послуг, виконання робіт. З’ясовано, що з урахуванням особливостей об’єктів цифрових технологій ці класифікації можуть бути застосовані до них.
Źródło:
Copernicus Political and Legal Studies; 2022, 3; 22-29
2720-6998
Pojawia się w:
Copernicus Political and Legal Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Effect of Using a Virtual History Strategy on the Development of Historical Thinking Skills for Undergraduate Classroom Teachers
Autorzy:
Zaid, Khaleda
Eyadat, Yousef
Hailat, Salah
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1972162.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-03-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
virtual history
historical thinking
approach
undergraduate university students
Opis:
The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of using a virtual history strategy on the development of historical thinking skills among a sample of undergraduate classroom teachers from one public university located in the middle part of Jordan. To achieve this purpose, a historical thinking test was adapted from Al-Safadi (1999), and applied to one classroom with (54) students who studied Arab world history course during the 2016/2017academic year. The results of the study indicated significant differences (α = 0.05) between the pretest and posttest in the students’ historical thinking as a result of utilizing the virtual history approach. The study was concluded by proposing practical and theoretical recommendations for the field of study.
Źródło:
The New Educational Review; 2018, 51; 115-124
1732-6729
Pojawia się w:
The New Educational Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Prospects for introducing the concept of “digital things” and “digital content”: expanding the scope of regulation of virtual assets
Autorzy:
Hrytsai, Serhii
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/10487432.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
fintech
virtual assets
cryptocurrency
bitcoin
electronic money
money surrogate
Opis:
The lack of a legal framework did not prevent Ukraine from ranking third among the world leaders in the use of cryptocurrencies in 2022. In terms of the sum of indicators, Ukraine is ahead of such tech giants as the United States (5th place), China (10th place), and the United Kingdom (17th place). The purpose of the study is to identify the underlying principles for the introduction of a new legal definition of “digital things” and “digital content” and their prospects for use, which are laid down in draft laws No. 6447 and No. 6576, as initiatives that are satellites to the relevant law on virtual assets. As a reminder, the Parliament of Ukraine adopted the Law of Ukraine “On Virtual Assets” No. 2074-IX on February 17, 2022. Since the adoption of Law 2074 by the Parliament of Ukraine on February 17, 2022 and until the period of 2023, significant events have taken place. They have significantly affected the plans of the Parliament of Ukraine to launch mandatory amendments to the Tax Code of Ukraine provided for in the Draft Law 7150 and simultaneously enact Law 2074 from October 1, 2022. The study was based on the analysis of the legislative framework of Ukraine, the European Union and other international acts, including those ratified by the Parliament of Ukraine. The study has led to a number of conclusions. Draft Law No. 6447 introduces the definition of a “digital thing” that is in circulation only in digital form; these include virtual assets, digital content, online accounts, money and securities that exist exclusively in digital form. Its adoption will help potential consumers to protect their rights to digital content, online accounts, virtual assets, even money and securities that exist exclusively in digital form. Comparing the concepts of “digital thing” and “digital content” proposed by draft laws No. 6447 and No. 6576, we found signs of legal tautology in determining what is primary and what is secondary. The addition of the words “digital content” to Article 177 of the Civil Code and the expansion of the concept of a thing to “material and digital things” is at least more declarative.
Źródło:
Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie; 2023, 2(38); 7-25
1643-6911
Pojawia się w:
Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Expanding educational spaces of cooperation and social relations through Technology-enhanced International Virtual Exchanges
Autorzy:
Sokol, Mariana
Zhang, Jie
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22676539.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
technology
virtual exchanges
student cooperation
social relations
intercultural competence
Opis:
Technology-enhanced international virtual exchanges (IVE), or Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL), provide educators and students with the access and tools to connect with the world through collaboration with colleagues and peers in a global context (SUNY COIL Center, “Welcome”, n.d.a). In the IVE courses, students in different countries work together to broaden not only their academic knowledge, but also digital literacy, critical thinking, problemsolving, teamwork, and communication skills (Werner, 2015). In this study, technology-enhanced IVE are introduced and the benefits of IVE for educators and students are explored. Some concrete examples are also shared of how two professors from Ukraine and the United States reflected on the course of collaboration with our French partner professor to co-plan and co-teach a technology-enhanced IVE course in order to offer sustainable international education and provide students with the opportunities to gain diverse cross-cultural, cross-linguistic, and cross-disciplinary experiences, to demonstrate communication skills using technology, and to improve their intercultural competence.
Źródło:
Edukacja Międzykulturowa; 2023, 23, 4; 164-174
2299-4106
Pojawia się w:
Edukacja Międzykulturowa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Social roles and competences of the teacher in a virtual classroom in Poland and Korea
Autorzy:
Juszczyk, Stanisław
Kim, Yongdeog
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2011317.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
education in a virtual classroom
globalization
roles and competences of a virtual classroom teacher
reconfiguration of behaviours and social role of the teacher
Opis:
The paper analyses competences of the teacher in a virtual classroom. It describes the reconfiguration of social behaviours and the role of the teacher in the virtual class after taking into account the theory of dialectics of globalization by Anthony Giddens, developed by Norman Fairclough with respect to social discourse and interpersonal interactions. Taking into account the results of different authors’ empirical research on online teaching, social features of such a process and personality traits, social roles and professional competences of a virtual class teacher in Poland and the Republic of Korea are described.
Źródło:
The New Educational Review; 2015, 42; 153-164
1732-6729
Pojawia się w:
The New Educational Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Methods and Forms of Distance Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Conclusions from the Literature Review
Autorzy:
Topol, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1931856.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
distance education
COVID-19
virtual education
teaching methods
e-learning
online applications.
Opis:
The main goal of the text is to collect conclusions from the experiences of educators and researchers with regard to various aspects of distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions were collected on the basis of the author’s own experience and the selected source literature. The article consists of two parts: “Conclusions from Polish literature” and “Conclusions from foreign literature”. As the article presents mainly the Polish perspective, the first part is significantly longer than the second one. Part One deals with such issues as: the model of distance learning, the time of pandemic as a crisis situation, priorities in distance education in conditions of isolation, the issue of isolation, and some principles of assessment, among others. The university e-learning platform was also discussed as an example. Part Two addresses such issues as: seven lessons from the pandemic, effectiveness of online testing, psychological aspects regarding a student and a teacher, and augmented reality in distance education during COVID-19.
Źródło:
Kultura i Edukacja; 2021, 2(132); 96-111
1230-266X
Pojawia się w:
Kultura i Edukacja
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Digitization of government as a global trend of the future: implementation of the “electronic state” policy (on the example of Ukraine)
Autorzy:
Hrytsai, Serhii
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/9200257.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
GovTech
government technology
e-governance
digital services
PaperLess
CashLess
DIJA
FinTech
virtual assets
cryptocurrency
Opis:
Digitalization of public services is a global trend throughout the civilized world. Progressive governments of developed countries are actively implementing initiatives that have been given a very young acronym – GovTech. These are the latest digital technology solutions that make the work of the state more efficient and the lives of citizens easier. Implementation of the GovTech policy is a priority for many international projects and programs: Lisbon Council, Digital Europe, European Blockchain Partnership (EBP), International Association for Trusted Blockchain Applications (INATBA), DT4UA. The purpose of the article is to form a general vision of the current trend of GovTech policy implementation, using Ukraine as an example for the period of 2020-2023. In order to achieve the goal and formulate reasonable results, the study was structured in three sections: 1) Digitalization of Ukraine: introduction of modern digital technologies; 2) Ukraine’s participation in international digital projects; 3) Sharing Ukraine’s digitalization experience with other countries. The study has led to a number of conclusions. The ideology of GovTech is a two-vector message to humanity about the future: where instead of analog officials and certificates, “PaperLess” will work, and instead of cash currency “CashLess” – CBDC / cryptocurrency in a smartphone. Digital public services in a smartphone, and even a citizen’s passport, are already GovTech realities confirmed by the Ukrainian digital project “DIJA”. Ukraine’s successful experience in forming a GovTech e-state has begun to spread actively in other European Union countries (code name: “DIJA”). This shows a trend towards the development and formation of a precedent for the international GovTech format, in the form of a certain future standard (we are sure that this will be developed and researched). However, this study has shown that there are legal difficulties on the way to creating a precedent for the formation of the international GovTech format in Ukraine. The introduction of the intergovernmental GovTech format requires separate legal regulation and consideration of the issue of a fair balance of bilateral state agreements when it is introduced, which also lack relevant legal developments.
Źródło:
Reality of Politics; 2023, 24; 45-81
2082-3959
Pojawia się w:
Reality of Politics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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