Informacja

Drogi użytkowniku, aplikacja do prawidłowego działania wymaga obsługi JavaScript. Proszę włącz obsługę JavaScript w Twojej przeglądarce.

English (EN)·Polski (PL)·Yкраїнський (UK)
Przejdź do strony domowej biblioteki Centralna Biblioteka Wojskowa Link otwiera się w nowym oknie Logo biblioteki Prolib Integro - strona głównaCentralna Biblioteka Wojskowa

Wyszukujesz frazę "Maritime Transportation" wg kryterium: Temat

  Lista filtrów
Wyrównaj
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 27
Tytuł:
Maritime Transportation System Safety – Modeling and Identification
Autorzy:
Dziula, P.
Kołowrocki, K.
Soszyńska-Budny, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116563.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
safety at sea
maritime transportation
safety system
Opis:
The article is showing a concept of critical infrastructure systems’ safety states model. Model construction is basing on: popular technical systems’ safety states models, and notions specified in acts of law and other studies concerning crisis management. Paper is including some concept of proposed model usage possibilities ‐ methods and procedures for estimating unknown basic parameters of safety states transitions process: identifying the distributions of its conditional lifetime at safety states, estimating probabilities of its staying at safety states at the initial moment, probabilities of its transitions between safety states and parameters of the distribution for the description of its conditional lifetimes at safety states.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2013, 7, 2; 169-175
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Review of ship information security risks and safety of maritime transportation issues
Autorzy:
Melnyk, O.
Onyshchenko, S.
Onishchenko, O.
Shumylo, O.
Voloshyn, A.
Koskina, Y.
Volianska, Y.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201429.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
maritime transportation
security risks
safety of sea transportation
safety of maritime transportation
cyber security
ship information security
cyber attack
information in transport
Opis:
In recent years, various types of commerce including transport have suffered significant damage and costs due to cyber-attacks. The geographic scope of freight transportation has no boundaries, attacks can be launched almost anywhere there is an Internet connection. Therefore, there is no immunity from the failure of computer systems and information of delivery processes in the networks of organizations and companies engaged in maritime transportation. In addition, while the consequences of cyber-attacks on major shipping lines and ports, as well as the digital systems of logistics companies, can be comprehensively analyzed, the vulnerability of ships remains insufficiently studied. This paper offers an analysis of the risks in the field of maritime freight transport and the main factors of influence such as digitization on the safety of the transport process. The basic threats to the information system of the ship are defined and the techniques of risk analysis for the ship information security is proposed.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2022, 16, 4; 717--722
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Study of environmental efficiency of ship operation in terms of freight transportation effectiveness provision
Autorzy:
Melnyk, O.
Onishchenko, O.
Onyshchenko, S.
Golikov, V.
Sapiha, V.
Shcherbina, O.
Andrievska, V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201420.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
maritime transportation
ship operation
freight
maritime transport and shipping
transport efficiency
environmental efficiency
freight transportation effectiveness provision
maritime shipping
Opis:
Development and implementation of various projects focused on improving standards of energy efficiency and rational use of energy carriers is a priority for numerous enterprises and companies. Modern shipping devotes sufficient attention to improving the environmental performance of the fleet. As part of the strategy to improve environmental safety and energy efficiency, as well as to reduce air and marine pollution in industries, including maritime transport and shipping, a set of steps to improve the ship's energy efficiency is being implemented. This process is carried out in various ways, however, at the same time maintaining the economic indicators of fleet operation. Relevant is the research aimed at analyzing the introduction of energy management systems in the maritime transport and summarizing the experience of operating the ships, which allows to identify a number of proposals, the implementation of which allows to maintain the economic efficiency of transportation. The article offers a review of the main energy efficiency tools and ways to ensure the transport efficiency of existing ships without modernization by operating them at reduced speeds and fuel consumption and thereby minimizing carbon emissions, as well as developing a set of measures to improve the environmental efficiency of cargo transportation.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2022, 16, 4; 723--729
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Human Factors and Safety Culture in Maritime Safety (revised)
Autorzy:
Berg, H. P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116791.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
Maritime Safety
Human Factor
Safety Culture
Safety Management, Maritime Transportation
Maritime Safety Culture
Investigation on Maritime Accidents
Safety Performance
Opis:
As in every industry at risk, the human and organizational factors constitute the main stakes for maritime safety. Furthermore, several events at sea have been used to develop appropriate risk models. The investigation on maritime accidents is, nowadays, a very important tool to identify the problems related to human factor and can support accident prevention and the improvement of maritime safety. Part of this investigation should in future also be near misses. Operation of ships is full of regulations, instructions and guidelines also addressing human factors and safety culture to enhance safety. However, even though the roots of a safety culture have been established, there are still serious barriers to the breakthrough of the safety management. One of the most common deficiencies in the case of maritime transport is the respective monitoring and documentation usually lacking of adequacy and excellence. Nonetheless, the maritime area can be exemplified from other industries where activities are ongoing to foster and enhance safety culture.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2013, 7, 3; 343-352
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Addressing theaccidental risks of maritime transportation: could autonomous shipping technology improve the statistics?
Autorzy:
Hoem, Å.S.
Fjørtoft, K.
Rødseth, Ø.J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116850.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS)
autonomous ship
autonomous shipping technology
maritime transportation
maritime accidents
human error
maritime risk
accident statistics
Opis:
A paradigm shift is presently underway in the shipping industry promising safer, greener and more efficient ship traffic. In this article, we will look at some of the accidents from conventional shipping and see if they could have been avoided with autonomous ship technology. A hypothesis of increased safety is often brought forward, and we know from various studies that the number of maritime accidents that involves what is called “human error” ranges from some 60‐90 percent. If we replace the human with automation, can we then reduce the number of accidents? On the other hand, is there a possibility for new types of accidents to appear? What about the accidents that are today averted by the crew? This paper will present a method to assess these different aspects of the risk scenarios in light of the specific capabilities and constraints of autonomous ships.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2019, 13, 3; 487-494
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Taxonomy Framework for Maritime Cybersecurity: A Demonstration Using the Automatic Identification System
Autorzy:
Kessler, G.C.
Craiger, J.P.
Haass, J.C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116413.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
cybersecurity
maritime cybersecurity
Automatic Identification System (AIS)
taxonomy
taxonomy framework
cyber attack
Maritime Transportation System
risk mitigation
Opis:
The maritime transportation system is increasingly a target of cyber attacks. This paper describes a taxonomy that supports the creation of adversarial cyber models, risk mitigation, and resiliency plans as applied to the maritime industry, using the Automatic Identification System as a specific illustration of the approach. This method has already been applied to the aviation sector; retooling it for a maritime example demonstrates its broad applicability to the transportation sector, in general.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2018, 12, 3; 429-437
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Process of Judging Significant Modifications for Different Transportation Systems compared to the Approach for Nuclear Installations
Autorzy:
Petrek, N.
Berg, H. P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116039.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
Nuclear Installations
Green Culture in Shipping
Transportation Systems
Maritime Transportation
EU Regulations
Common Safety Method (CSM)
Safety Management System (SMS)
risk management
Opis:
The implementation of the CSM regulation by the European Commission in 2009 which harmonizes the risk assessment process and introduces a rather new concept of judging changes within the European railway industry. This circumstance has risen the question how other technology sectors handle the aspect of modifications and alterations. The paper discusses the approaches for judging the significance of modifications within the three transport sectors of European railways, aviation and maritime transportation and the procedure which is used in the area of nuclear safety. We will outline the similarities and differences between these four methods and discuss the underlying reasons. Finally, we will take into account the role of the European legislator and the fundamental idea of a harmonization of the different approaches.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2015, 9, 4; 511-520
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of determinant factors influencing the selection of ship management companies
Autorzy:
Riadi, A.
Mudaffa, F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201386.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
maritime transportation
ship management
ship management company
ship companies
fuzzy analytical hierarchy process
Analytical Hierarchy Process
shipping industry
shipowners
Opis:
Looking at the high flow of the shipping industry and many things related to the ship operations that have to be done every day, several ship owners have collaborated with Ship Management Company (SMC) to assist them in managing their ships' operations. SMC is required to be responsible for the daily operational management of the ship on behalf of the ship owner such as crewing, technical management, administration, and chartering. Seeing the importance of collaboration and the diversity of services provided by the SMC, it is necessary to evaluate each determinant factor by the ship owner for the selection of an SMC to assist the ship owner in choosing an SMC that suits their needs. It is also to improve the service prioritized by the owner to SMC. The purpose of this research is to identify the determinant factors of SMC selection from the owner’s perspective, evaluate the importance of each of these factors, and obtain different views between the owner and SMC in the selection of ship management. The Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (Fuzzy AHP) method is used for evaluating weight based on the opinions of the owners and SMC who are experts in their fields. Then, the different perspectives between the owner dan SMC were obtained from the processing result. The results show that owners placed their top priority on factors that they can get the most from SMC, such as human resource factors and services. Meanwhile, SMC placed its priority on cost and its services factors that described the things they must manage well and optimization provided to owners.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2022, 16, 4; 711--716
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Changes in Oil Transportation in the Years 2020 and 2030 – The Case of the Gulf of Finland
Autorzy:
Brunila, O.
Storgård, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116691.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
Sea Transportation
Oil Transportation
Gulf of Finland
Baltic Sea
green energy policy
Helsinki Commission (HELCOM)
Maritime Oil Transportation
Changes in Oil Transportation
Opis:
This paper covers the current state of maritime oil transportation in the Baltic Sea and the development of oil transportation in the 2000s, as well as estimations of transported oil volumes in 2020 and 2030 in the Gulf of Finland. The scenarios were formulated on the basis of a current state analysis, energy and transportation strategies and scenarios and expert assessments. The study showed that the volumes of oil transportation in the Gulf of Finland will increase only moderately compared to the current status: 9.5-33.8 %, depending on the scenario. Green energy policy favours renewable energy sources, which can be seen in the smaller volumes of transported oil in the 2030 scenarios compared to the 2020 scenarios. In the Slow development 2020 scenario, oil transport volumes for 2020 are expected to be 170.6 Mt (million tonnes), in the Average development 2020 187.1 Mt and in the Strong development 2020 201.5 Mt. The corresponding oil volumes for the 2030 scenarios were 165 Mt for the Stagnating development 2030 scenario, 177.5 Mt for the Towards a greener society 2030 scenario and 169.5 Mt in the Decarbonising society 2030 scenario.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2014, 8, 3; 403-409
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Regularized Han-type Algorithms for Inconsistent Maritime Container Transportation Problems
Autorzy:
Carp, D.
Popa, C.
Şerban, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/117319.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
Algorithm
Regularized Han-Type Algorithms
Han-type Algorithms
Container
Maritime Container Transportation
Container Transport
Transportation System
mathematical model
Opis:
In this paper we analyse several ways to compute the weights from the Regularized Han (RH) algorithm, the regularized version of Han’s algorithm for approximating the least squares solutions of inconsistent (incompatible) systems of linear inequalities. We tested our approaches on a classical transportation problem, aiming to provide a cost optimized solution to real world transportation problems, which often are unbalanced and inconsistent.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2014, 8 no. 4; 579-583
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The determination of times of transhipment processes at maritime container terminals
Autorzy:
Bartosiewicz, A.
Kucharski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2211919.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
container vessel
transhipment process
container terminal
maritime container transportation
maritime container terminal
ship-to-Shore
rubber-tyred gantr
Baltic Container Terminal
Gdynia
Opis:
Nowadays managers and decision-makers around the world seek every opportunity to lower costs of the ship’s mooring time at seaports. In this article, main operations taking place at maritime container terminals are first disaggregated in several elementary activities. Then the vessel cycle time is analysed while separately investigating the STS (Ship to Shore) crane cycle time, the RTG (Rubber-Tyred Gantry) crane work cycle time and the IMV (Internal Movement Vehicle) transfer time. A triangular distribution describes times of each of the container handling stages while the PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) method is used to estimate the total time for all reloading activities. The paper demonstrates the proposed method effectiveness with data of Baltic Container Terminal (BCT) Gdynia. The use of formulas developed for the calculation of times of individual operations that affect the reloading of a container at maritime container terminals enables an in-depth assessment of the effectiveness of the reloading processes. Thus, the proposed tool gives terminal managers opportunity to track which stage of the container reloading consumes most time and generates biggest costs.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2022, 16, 3; 507--513
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of a static, homogeneous magnetic field on the sorption properties of soybean meal during maritime transport
Autorzy:
Ocieczek, A.
Kaizer, A.
Otremba, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2063955.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
cargo transportation
magnetic field
soyabean meal
maritime transport
sea transportation
sorption properties
brunauer
bulk cargo
Opis:
Providing safety and maintaining high quality of dry cargo, transported by sea, is associated with the necessity of taking into consideration their specific property, which is hygroscopicity. Susceptibility to the impact of water, which also occurs in vapour state, concerns mainly dry cargo, which are organic matter, containing carbohydrates and protein in their composition. This is because these substances have strong connection with water. The example of a bulk cargo often transported by sea is soybean meal, which is mainly produced in the USA, Brazil and Argentina. Due to its economic importance, the quality of soybean meal, which is globally used in the animal nutrition (poultry and swine), remains an important research issue. This product is obtained by subjecting the soybeans to cracking and dehulling processes, in order to facilitate the extraction of the oil. Water absorption of soybean meal causes reactions taking place in it, which leads to the changes in its chemical composition and, consequently, also in its nutritional values. Moreover, increasing the water content, leading to the increase of water activity, may significantly deteriorate the microbiological safety of the meal. Therefore, the research was undertaken to determine whether the sorption properties of soybean meal will change due to the influence of a static, homogeneous magnetic field. This aim has been achieved by determining and comparing the water vapour adsorption isotherms. The comparison of the isotherms determined under normal conditions and under the influence of a static, homogeneous magnetic field with an induction of 10 mT has been made on the basis of empirical data. Furthermore, using the Brunauer, Emett and Teller equation (BET), the monolayer and the energy constant of the sorption process have been estimated. The isotherms were determined at 20°C. The study lasted 9 days. Desiccators with aqueous supersaturated solutions of substances and a generator of a static magnetic field were used in the research. The obtained results have indicated that the influence of the magnetic field is a factor that causes the differentiation between the sorption properties of soybean meal expressed in the volume of the monolayer and the energy associated with the sorption phenomenon. The inferred findings show, that the magnetic field has an impact on the course of the sorption phenomenon in organic samples, and may determine the stability of the cargo during long-term maritime transport.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2021, 15, 3; 649--657
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
e-Maritime: An Enabling Framework for Knowledge Transfer and Innovative Information Services Development Across the Waterborne Transport Sector
Autorzy:
Graff, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116732.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
e-Maritime
Knowledge Transfer
Information Services Development
Waterborne Transport
Sea Transportation
Marine Stewardship
Marine Transportation
e-Navigation
Opis:
The economic and social impact of the waterborne sectors in Europe cannot be overstated, employing directly more than 3 million people and generating a turnover of about €250 billion representing more than 1% of the EU’s GDP. In order to maintain its leadership and competitiveness, Europe must take advantage of new market opportunities and address these challenges by means of focused research, development and innovation. In recent years the impact of digital technology and relevance of geospatial information has been increasingly felt across the whole maritime community bridging waterborne and coastal activities. The challenge for the maritime and marine science communities is to accelerate the transformation of the maritime sector into one that is able to exploit market-led opportunities and create high value added outputs that fully embraces technological and scientific advances. e-Maritime offers itself as the enabling framework.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2009, 3, 2; 213-217
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Challenges for Polish Seaports’ Development in the Light of Globalisation Processes in Maritime Transport
Autorzy:
Przybyłowski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/117004.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
maritime transport
Globalisation Processes
Polish Ports
EU Transport Policy
Integration in Maritime Transport
Blue Paper
Containerisation
Sea Transportation
Opis:
Ports operations become more capital intensive, labour saving and space consuming. Due to globalization processes and liberalization of the EU transport markets the seaports are under the huge competitive pressure put mainly by container transport operators committed in the logistic transport chains. Polish seaports have difficulties in facing such a competitive environment.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2009, 3, 4; 457-462
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Causative chaindifference for each type of accidents in Japanese Maritime Traffic Systems (MTS)
Autorzy:
Mutmainnah, W.
Bowo, L. P.
Sulistiyono, A. B.
Furusho, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/117583.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
maritime traffic
vessel traffic service (VTS)
Maritime Traffic Systems (MTS)
Japanese Maritime Traffic Systems (MTS)
Causative Chain (CC)
type of accidents
maritime accidents
Japan Transportation Safety Board (JTSB)
Opis:
Causative chain (CC) is a failure chain that cause accident as an outcome product of the second step of MOP model, namely line relation analysis (LRA). This CC is a connection of several causative factors (CF), an outcome product of first step of MOP model, namely corner analysis (CA). MOP Model is an abbreviation from 4M Overturned Pyramid, created by authors by combining 2 accident analysis models. There are two steps in this model, namely CA and LRA. Utilizing this model can know what is CF that happen dominantly to the accidents and what is a danger CC that characterize accidents in a certain place and certain period. By knowing the characteristics, the preventive action can be decided to decrease the number of accident in the next period. The aim of this paper is providing the development of MOP Model that has been upgraded and understanding the characteristics of each type accident. The data that is analyzed in this paper is Japanese accidents from 2008 until 2013, which is available on Japan Transportation Safety Board (JTSB)’s website. The analysis shows that every type of accidents has a unique characteristic, shown by their CFs and CCs. However, Man Factor is still playing role to the system dominantly.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2017, 11, 3; 489-494
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 27

Ta witryna wykorzystuje pliki cookies do przechowywania informacji na Twoim komputerze. Pliki cookies stosujemy w celu świadczenia usług na najwyższym poziomie, w tym w sposób dostosowany do indywidualnych potrzeb. Korzystanie z witryny bez zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies oznacza, że będą one zamieszczane w Twoim komputerze. W każdym momencie możesz dokonać zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies