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Tytuł:
Poznawalność bytu. Parmenides i św. Tomasz z Akwinu
Cognoscibility of Being. Case of Parmenides and St. Thomas Aquinas
Autorzy:
Pawlikowski, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/452395.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Naukowe Towarzystwo Tomistyczne
Tematy:
byt
poznawalność bytu
metafizyka
św. Tomasz z Akwinu
Parmenides
being
cognoscibility of being
metaphysics
St. Thomas Aquinas
Opis:
According to Parmenides, the only acceptable way of philosophy as true cognition is research of being. The philosophical tradition had taken this track. St. Thomas Aquinas had very little information about Parmenidean ontology, but shared his focus on being as the object of knowledge. However, they had a different understanding of being. Philosopher of Elea claimed that everything is one monistic being. Therefore, every act of cognition has the same object – being. There is only being. Non-being is nothing. It doesn’t exist, so it isn’t cognizable. Moreover, the knowledge of being and being itself are the same. As a consequence, Parmenides described entity in identification to the mind and recognized the essence of being as truth. Therefore, his ontology is called “a veridical conception of being”. According to Aquinas, being is pluralistic. There are many types of entities, minds and truths. The core of every being is act of existence. The truth is property of singular beings or judgements. Thomas metaphysics is existential. The truth, that is here identified with adequation of thing and intellect, and cognoscibility of beings, is interpreted as the consequence of existence. Being, truth and cognoscibility are different things. In comparison with Parmenides, Thomas seems to be more faithful to the “way of being”. He characterizes being as existing and avoids a specific paradox that is inability to define the truth in a classical way, assuming her identity with the entity.
Źródło:
Rocznik Tomistyczny; 2013, 2; 31-54
2300-1976
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Tomistyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Świadectwa lektury św. Tomasza z Akwinu w twórczości Czesława Miłosza
St. Thomas Aquinas in the works of Czesław Miłosz
Autorzy:
Bałdyga, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2057902.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-12-30
Wydawca:
Naukowe Towarzystwo Tomistyczne
Tematy:
Miłosz
św. Tomasz z Akwinu
filozofia i literatura
estetyka Miłosza
Milosz
Thomas Aquinas
philosophy and literature
Milosz’s aesthetic
Opis:
The article concerns the connection between the work of Czesław Miłosz and the philosophy of Thomas Aquinas. The aim is not only to expand the state of knowledge with another point of reference, but to emphasize the impact that reading the writings of a medieval philosopher could have had on the overall shape of Czesław Miłosz's work - e.g. on specific aesthetic choices or views on the condition of the modern world. In Miłosz's poetry and essays, attention is drawn to the recurring presence of the thoughts and figures of Saint Thomas Aquinas. It turns out to be important to indicate the sources of thinking about the connection between the medieval philosopher and the writings of the Nobel Prize winner - to show where Miłosz referred directly to this philosophy and to refer to biographical contexts (which are obviously auxiliary). I mainly present points in Miłosz;’s works which testify to the fact that the writings of Thomas Aquinas were read and commented on by Miłosz over the years of his literary activity.
Źródło:
Rocznik Tomistyczny; 2021, 10; 163-180
2300-1976
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Tomistyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Intelekt bierny a intelekt możnościowy w ujęciu św. Tomasza z Akwinu
Passive intellect and potential intellect according to St. Thomas Aquinas
Autorzy:
Zembrzuski, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/452457.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Naukowe Towarzystwo Tomistyczne
Tematy:
intelekt bierny
intelekt możnościowy
perypatetycka tradycja epistemologiczna
Tomasz z Akwinu
passive intellect
potential intellect
peripatetic epistemological tradition
Thomas Aquinas
Opis:
The article is an attempt to respond the following questions: is there a difference between operations of potential and passive intellect? Could one call the potential intellect passive intellect? Are there any questions, statements or opinions in the history of philosophy which separate potential from passive intellect? The passivity of potential intellect is not a problem here, because its nature and its act is to be in the state of potency towards ist object. The subject of analysis tends to define teechnical terms "intellectus passivus" and to reach philosophical implications resulting from it.
Źródło:
Rocznik Tomistyczny; 2012, 1; 65-84
2300-1976
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Tomistyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pojęcie „ius gentium” w „Summa Theologiae” św. Tomasza z Akwinu
Concept of ius gentium in Summa Theologiae of St. Thomas Aquinas
Autorzy:
Zalewski, Bartosz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/5946010.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-12-31
Wydawca:
Naukowe Towarzystwo Tomistyczne
Tematy:
ius gentium
prawo narodów
prawo rzymskie
św. Tomasz z Akwinu
Izydor z Sewilli
law of nations
roman law
Thomas Aquinas
Isidore of Sevilla
Opis:
The subject of the considerations in presented paper is the concept of ius gentium in two selected fragments of St. Thomas Aquinas: S.Th. I-II, q. 95, a. 4 and S.Th. II-II, q. 57, a. 3. The introduction to their detailed analysis is the discussion of three issues necessary for the correct interpretation of Aquinas’ argu-ments, i.e. the concept of ius gentium in the first book of the Justinian Digest, the definition of ius gentium in the Etymologies of St. Isidore of Seville and an explanation of the relationship between the concepts of ius and lex in the Summa Theologica. The conducted research allows to conclude that the Angelic Doctor uses the concept of ius gentium in a twofold sense. The first of them is of a juridical nature and can be equated with the understanding of this term on the basis of the sources of Roman law. Ius gentium is therefore a set of legal norms common to all peoples, which enable, first of all, mutual economic turnover, although to some extent also apply to the external activity of the state. The second meaning of the term ius gentium, although also to some extent inspired by the sources of Roman law, has a broader character and a deeper philosophical foundation. On the basis of the treaty on justice, ius gentium constitutes the social order of functioning of all people based on natural reason (naturalis ratio).
Źródło:
Rocznik Tomistyczny; 2022, 11; 159-179
2300-1976
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Tomistyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Poznanie niewyraźne Boga ("cognitio confusa") – Tomasz z Akwinu i Kartezjusz
Confused cognition of God ("cognitio confusa") – St. Thomas Aquinas and Descartes
Autorzy:
Zembrzuski, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/452593.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Naukowe Towarzystwo Tomistyczne
Tematy:
Tomasz z Akwinu
Kartezjusz
poznanie niewyraźne
naturalne poznanie Boga
poznanie Boga przez łaskę
poznanie Boga w chwale
Thomas Aquinas
Descartes
unclear cognition
natural knowledge of God
knowledge of God by grace
knowledge of God in glory
Opis:
A man has a natural need for cognition of causes, particularly when he perceives reality, which is an effect of someone’s action. Aristotle, when describing a philosopher (the wise man), emphasizes that he’s a person, who has knowledge about all things (as far as possible) and cognitions of things, which are difficult to cognire and also knows causes, which are cognizable at most. But whether it’s possible recognition of causes and the paradigm of realistic philosophy nowadays, when we inherit principles of Cartesian Philosophy in our mindset and culture? When is everything unclear, inaccurate or mysterious regard as false? And when only mathematical clearness preserves state of knowledge and certainty? Therefore the problem of unclear cognition is so significant. This issue was prepared by St. Thomas Aquinas, who on that basis considered question of cognition of God. Descartes, however, completely negated this kind of cognition and built ‘boundary sign’ for the truth of the cognition. It seems that reinstatement of the right place of confused cognition and its protection in philosophy is possible inasmuch as it is still possible cognition of reality, i.e. cognition of thing-in-itself. A wonderment (admiration), which was the beginning of philosophy (because it express confused cognition of world) in post-Cartesian paradigm of reflection is unconvincing – the essence of the philosophy is purely and simply clear thinking. But emphasize the role of confused cognition is not a recognition it as sufficient and only way to perfect knowledge. Emphasizing confused knowledge is an objection to the thesis of the possession of only excellent knowledge and in the act, and objection to the claims that deny the potentiality and potency of knowing reality. If so, there would be no compromise statement that for the beliver the existence of God is obvious and for non-beliver non-existence of God is equally obvious.
Źródło:
Rocznik Tomistyczny; 2013, 2; 137-153
2300-1976
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Tomistyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Realizm fenomenologiczny Dietricha von Hildebranda wobec realizmu metafizycznego św. Tomasza z Akwinu
Dietrich von Hildebrand’s Phenomenological Realism in Discussion with St. Thomas Aquinas’ Methaphysics
Autorzy:
Pichola, Ewa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/452605.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Naukowe Towarzystwo Tomistyczne
Tematy:
afektywność
racjonalność
realizm fenomenologiczny
realizm metafizyczny
Dietrich von Hildebrand,
św. Tomasz z Akwinu
affectivity
rationalism
phenomenological realism
metaphysical realism
Dietrich von Hildebrand
St. Thomas Aquinas
Opis:
What follows is an introductory investigation into phenomenological realism represented by Dietrich von Hildebrand, who builds his system on the rational intuition supported with spiritual affectivity in the form of intentional responses. In that context we turn our attention to metaphysical realism represented by St. Thomas Aquinas. Even both authors are strongly committed to what really exist we notice the entirely different philosophical grounds they employ. For that we focus on these essential features of two aforementioned schools to show whether they could be considered as paralell, complimentary or rather incomparable when cognitive realism is considered.
Źródło:
Rocznik Tomistyczny; 2017, 6; 121-132
2300-1976
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Tomistyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Krytyka koncepcji reinkarnacji w Summa contra Gentiles św. Tomasza z Akwinu
Critique of the theory of reincarnation in Summa contra Gentiles by St. Thomas Aquinas
Autorzy:
Mandrela, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/452730.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Naukowe Towarzystwo Tomistyczne
Tematy:
Reincarnation
Soul and Body
St. Thomas Aquinas
Summa Contra Gentiles
Christianity
Eastern Religions
Plato
reinkarnacja
dusza i ciało
św. Tomasz z Akwinu
chrześcijaństwo
wierzenia Wschodu
Platon
Opis:
The theory of reincarnation is one of the elements of eastern religions such as Buddhism and Hinduism, however in recent decades this concept have become very popular in Europe and North America Greek philosopher Plato also believed in reincarnation, however his theory was criticized by Aristotle. This article discusses the main philosophical assumptions that need to be accepted by those who believe in reincarnation. Then these assumptions are compared with the concept of soul described by St. Thomas Aquinas. In Summa Contra Gentiles some arguments against the theory of reincarnation can be found. St. Thomas Aquinas believed that each soul can be connected only to one body, whereas Plato argued that the soul can travel from one body to another. People who believe in reincarnation often claim that the animals possess immortal soul. According to Aquinas animals do not have immortal soul. Plato believed that the soul loses memory while entering new body, yet according to St. Thomas Aquinas people don’t lose any memories when there are born but rather they start acquiring new information. This aspects are further explained and evaluated.
Źródło:
Rocznik Tomistyczny; 2016, 5; 263-275
2300-1976
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Tomistyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Państwo i Kościół w myśli św. Tomasza z Akwinu i Marsyliusza z Padwy
Church and State in the Thought of St. Thomas Aquinas and Marsilius of Padua
Autorzy:
Pawlak, Mieszko
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/452665.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Naukowe Towarzystwo Tomistyczne
Tematy:
Kościół
państwo
wladza duchowna
władza świecka
łaska
Gelazy I
Tomasz z Akwinu
Marsyliusz z Padwy
church
state
authority of the clergy
the civil power
grace
Gelasius I
Thomas Aquinas
Marsilius of Padua
Opis:
The article is devoted to the issue of the relationship between the secular power of the State and the spiritual power of the Church in the thought of two eminent scholars of the late medieval period – St. Thomas Aquinas and Marsilius of Padua. The author analyzes these generally opposite theories, paying special attention to the concept of grace and its relation to nature as the basis of the political thought of these thinkers, as well as the significant influence of Aristotle's ideas on both Aquinas and Marsilius.
Źródło:
Rocznik Tomistyczny; 2015, 4; 163-189
2300-1976
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Tomistyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Tomizm czeski w latach 1879-1948
Czech Thomism in the Years 1879-1948
Autorzy:
Taboł, Sebastian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/452479.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Naukowe Towarzystwo Tomistyczne
Tematy:
filozofia czeska
neotomizm
scholastyka
św. Tomasz z Akwinu
tomizm
Czech philosophy
Neo-Thomism
scholastic
St. Thomas Aquinas Thomism
Opis:
The article begins from the state of research on the history of Thomistic philosophy to the Czech Republic. It discusse the most important figures of the Czech Thomism in 1897-1948 taking them in two generations of scholars. The particular attention is devoted to the Thomist environment Dominican Order from Olomouc who were publishing quarterly Filosofická revue in 1929-1948. As an example of the work of Czech Thomists author discusses an issue connected with the philosophical and theological aspects of upbringing the man. The achievements of Czech Thomists compared with whole Czech philosophy in author’s opinion is considerable: they organized International Conference of Thomistic Philosophy, they founded a magazine which was up to the global mark and published in it among others Maritain, Husserl, Patočka, they discussed about the latest philosophical currents and they reviewed philosophical dissertations from whole world. Czech Thomists’ writer activity also is very important: they published a lot of textbooks, monographs, dissertations and articles. Not all aims of Czech philosophers realized but they ordered relationships between faith and science. It was the reason treating Thomism in Republic Czech as a methodological thoroughness paragon.
Źródło:
Rocznik Tomistyczny; 2015, 4; 239-248
2300-1976
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Tomistyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zbawienie w ujęciu Marcina Lutra i św. Tomasza z Akwinu. Próba soteriologii porównawczej w perspektywie chrystologii kard. Ch. Schönborna
Salvation as Understood by Martin Luther and St. Thomas Aquinas. An Attempt of Comparative Soteriology in the Perspective of Christology of Card. Ch. Schönborn
Autorzy:
Artemiuk, Przemysław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2058306.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-30
Wydawca:
Naukowe Towarzystwo Tomistyczne
Tematy:
Marcin Luter
św. Tomasz z Akwinu
Ch. Schönborn
zbawienie
chrystologia
soteriologia
Martin Luther
St. Thomas Aquinas
salvation
christology
soteriology
Opis:
In the article, the author analyzes salvation as understood by Martin Luther and St. Thomas Aquinas. He uses the context of Christology of Card. Ch. Schönborn. According to the Viennese theologian, Luther and Aquinas had the most decisive influence on the understanding of salvation. By taking the theory of penal substitution to the extreme, Luther marked all modern soteriology with his own dramatic view of the theology of the Cross. Thomas, in turn, undertook a very balanced synthesis. The Viennese theologian, analyzing both concepts, showed the variety of New Testament soteriological images and their theological development, although its elaboration cannot pretend to be exhaustive.
Źródło:
Rocznik Tomistyczny; 2020, 2, 9; 13-39
2300-1976
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Tomistyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ wcielenia Słowa na rozumienie wszechmocy Boga w ujęciu św. Tomasza z Akwinu
Influence of Incarnation of the Word of God on understanding God’s omnipotence according to St. Thomas Aquinas
Autorzy:
Ćwik, Karolina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/452713.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Naukowe Towarzystwo Tomistyczne
Tematy:
Bóg
Słowo Wcielone
św. Tomasz z Akwinu
wszechmoc
ograniczenie
God
The Word Incarnate
Saint Thomas Aquinas
Omnipotence
Limitless
Opis:
The issue of the omnipotence of God can provoke some difficulties of interpretation, especially in comparison with the fact of omnipotence of human nature of the Second Person of the Divine. These difficulties raise the following question: if God, who is pure act and infinite being, having become man is still all-powerful, was His power limited by the limited human nature? Whether the adoption of human nature of Christ led to the adoption of weakness of the flesh and the soul? If the answer would be affirmative, then Christ is not limitless. If the answer is in the negative, His suffering on the cross, would not be real. Does the fact that the Incarnation of the Word took place not in the nature, but in the person does not mean that each of the two natures preserved what is proper? The article is an attempt to reconstruct Thomas’ response to these questions. This eminent thinker who in depth tried to understand God, both from a theological perspective and philosophical alloed integrally combine these apparent contradictions to simultaneously show strong arguments in favor of preserving the unity of God.
Źródło:
Rocznik Tomistyczny; 2017, 6; 47-57
2300-1976
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Tomistyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Gott ist die Umwelt des Menschen. Über die Gotteserkenntnis nach Thomas von Aquin
Bóg jako środowisko dla człowieka. O poznaniu Boga w ujęciu św. Tomasza z Akwinu
God as the environment for man. The knowledge of God in account of St. Thomas Aquinas
Autorzy:
Zan, Richard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/452375.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Naukowe Towarzystwo Tomistyczne
Tematy:
poznawalność Boga
teologia naturalna
filozofia bytu
św. Tomasz z Akwinu
knowability of God
natural theology
philosophy of being
St. Thomas Aquinas
Opis:
Każdy człowiek z natury pragnie poznać siebie i swoje otoczenie. Zdaje sobie przy tym sprawę z tego, że otaczający go świat nie został stworzony przez niego, człowieka, lecz przez Boga. W myśli średniowiecznej uznano, że wiara jest najlepszym sposobem na poznanie Boga. Wystarczy przypomnieć koncepcję Pseudo-Dionizego Areopagity o niepoznawalności Boga na naturalnej drodze poznania umysłowego. Kluczowym problemem artykułu jest pytanie, czy Bóg jest do tego stopnia nieadekwatny jako przedmiot naturalnego poznania, że konieczne jest poznanie nadprzyrodzone w celu osiągnięcia wiedzy o Bogu? Odpowiedź leży w filozofii św. Tomasza z Akwinu, a dokładniej w jego ujęciu relacji między wiarą a poznaniem. Dodatkowo, artykuł dowodzi, że historycznie wcześniejsze od ujęcia Akwinaty propozycje rozwiązania tego problemu (opracowane przede wszystkim w ramach średniowiecznej filozofii neoplatońskiej) okazały się nietrafne i niewystarczające. W filozofii Tomasza dopiero wypracowana przez niego (za filozofią Arystotelesa) oryginalna filozofia bytu (zwłaszcza tezy z De ente et essentia) zapewnia właściwe ujęcie zarazem relacji między wiarą a rozumem oraz naturalnego poznania Boga przez człowieka. Autor artykułu pokazuje - za Akwinatą - że naturalne poznanie Boga realizuje się przede wszystkim w poznaniu skutków Jego działań.
Every man naturally desires to cognize himself and his world. He realizes at the same time that the world around him was not created by him, man, but by God. In medieval thought it was the faith, that is the best way to cognize God. Let us remind the concept of Pseudo- Dionysius the Areopagite on the unknowability of God in the natural way. Thus, the key problem of the article is the question of whether God is so inadequate as a matter of natural knowledge, that it is necessary to cognize him supernaturally. The answer lies in the philosophy of St. Thomas Aquinas, and more specifically in his view on the relationship between faith and cognition. In addition, the article argues that historically earlier shots of proposals of solution of this problem (developed primarily in the context of neo-medieval philosophy) proved to be inaccurate and inadequate. Thomas worked out (as a addition to the Aristotelian framework) the original philosophy of being (especially the thesis of De ente et essentia), which provided appropriate recognition the relationship between faith and reason and the natural knowledge of God by man. The author shows - following Aquinas - that the natural knowledge of God is realized above all in the knowledge of the results of his actions (causes). This proves the inalienability of metaphysics in natural theology.
Źródło:
Rocznik Tomistyczny; 2016, 5; 165-172
2300-1976
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Tomistyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Morderstwo jako odrębny typ działania śmiercionośnego. Analiza filozoficzno-prawna w kontekście tomistycznej etyki
Murder as a distinct type of lethal action. Philosophical and legal analysis in the context of Thomistic ethics
Autorzy:
Kilan, Wojciech
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/5959581.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-12-31
Wydawca:
Naukowe Towarzystwo Tomistyczne
Tematy:
morderstwo
etyka tomistyczna
prawo karne
Św. Tomasz z Akwinu
Elizabeth Anscombe
murder
Thomistic ethics
penal law
St. Thomas Aquinas
Elisabeth Anscombe
Opis:
The notion of “murder” plays an important role in philosophical, and ethical inquiries, for it denotes an act absolutely prohibited in the domain of human lethal actions. Yet, despite its relevance, it is repeatedly defined in the improper way. In this paper, the most essential elements of the moral concept of murder were determined on the basis of the philosophy of St. Thomas Aquinas. It was shown that commonly accepted definitions of this concept (which consider murder as wrong killing or illegal killing) do not grasp the essence of the defined action. Moreover, contemporary and historical legal definitions of this concept were reconstructed and analysed. It was done in order to prove that they have a procedural character and play a practical role in the judicial system, but they do not recognize a proper moral meaning of this concept.
Źródło:
Rocznik Tomistyczny; 2022, 11; 295-311
2300-1976
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Tomistyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Istnienie i życie. Uwagi na marginesie zasady vivere viventibus est esse
Actual Existence and Life. Some Remarks on vivere viventibus est esse
Autorzy:
Głowala, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/452428.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Naukowe Towarzystwo Tomistyczne
Tematy:
akt istnienia
życie
Mieczysław Gogacz
św. Tomasz z Akwinu
Franciszek Suarez
Jan Punch
actual existence
life
St. Thomas Aquinas
Francis Suarez
John Punch
Opis:
In the paper I show the reasons for which the Aristotelian principle vivere viventibus est esse is relevant for the understanding of actual existence; there are three sorts of these reasons: (i) some metaphilosophical reasons which I offer in p. 2; (ii) the possibility of illustrating some key metaphysical theses (which I list in p. 3) concerning actual existence on the example of life; (iii) a connection between ignoring actual existence and some way of treating life (that I show on the example of Francis Suarez and John Punch). In the course of the argument I distinguish between three senses of the predicate ‘is alive’ and the concept of life (the accidental, the essential and the actual one) and I focus on some key differences between the ways the concept of life is introduced in Aquinas and in Suarez and Punch.
Źródło:
Rocznik Tomistyczny; 2016, 5; 149-164
2300-1976
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Tomistyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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