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    Wyświetlanie 1-13 z 13
    Tytuł:
    The national radioactivity monitoring network of the Netherlands
    Autorzy:
    Deurwaarder, Ch.
    Hoogeboom, K.
    Van Tuinen, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148049.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    calibration
    monitoring systems
    Opis:
    Since the first activities concerning the monitoring networks of the Netherlands in 1986 a lot of optimalisation and adaptation steps have been made. A good maintenance regime, both for computer systems, software and for measuring stations is the key solution to trust in the early warning function of the network. Starting in 1986 the Nuclear Research and Consultancy Group (NRG) has built up a large expertise in the construction and maintenance of such early warning systems. This is also the benefit of having calibration facilities available on the company area of NRG for the different types of detection systems: calibrations can be performed for systems for gamma radiation, aerosols, iodine and the noble gases. Finally, with the Incident application, NRG can provide for the organisations involved in emergency planning and response a robust, user-friendly PC-application. With this application not only data can be extracted from a local computer system, at this moment tests are done with getting data from an external FTP-server.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2001, 46, 4; 131-135
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Metrological aspects of international intercomparison of passive radon detectors under field conditions in Marie Curie’s tunnel in Lurisia
    Autorzy:
    Cardellini, F.
    Chiaberto, E.
    Garlati, L.
    Giuffrida, D.
    Leonardi, F.
    Magnoni, M.
    Minchillo, G.
    Prandstatter, A.
    Serena, E.
    Trevisi, R.
    Tripodi, R.
    Veschetti, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146585.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    active monitors
    calibration
    intercomparison
    radon
    Opis:
    In 2014, an intercomparison exercise of passive radon detectors under field conditions in the Marie Curie’s tunnel belonging to the Lurisia spas complex (Lurisia, Piedmont, Italy) has been held. Radon activity concentration in the tunnel was measured with six radon active monitors, previously calibrated at ENEA-INMRI facilities. In the present paper, a synthesis of the metrological aspects of the intercomparison is given. Indeed particular attention was paid to metrological characterization of radon monitors and their response upon ambient conditions. Correction factors have been defined to be applied when measurements are performed in severe environmental conditions. In particular, it has been found that monitors are particularly sensitive to the effect of air density: the AlphaGUARD (AG-SAPHYMO, GmbH) effi ciency decreases with the air density, while for the MR1 PLUS (Tesys, Italy), the opposite applies. When the reference monitors were placed into the Marie Curie’s tunnel, to the recorded average radon concentrations correction factors were applied. After the correction the difference between data coming from AG and MR1 PLUS is within the 1.7%.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2016, 61, 3; 257-261
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Analytical evaluation of the iron transfer from cigarette tobacco to human body
    Autorzy:
    Herman, M.
    Kościelniak, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147299.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    cigarette tobacco
    iron
    flow system
    calibration
    Opis:
    It was analytically examined how great amount of total iron can be absorbed during cigarette smoking. For this purpose, tobacco taken from cigarettes of selected brands (Marlboro, L&M, and Popular) was carefully analyzed before and after smoking. In addition, the cigarette filters were checked in terms of iron content. In all samples iron was determined by means of spectrophotometric method with sulfosalicylic acid. The method was realized with the aid of an original flow system allowing the analytical calibration to be performed with high reliability. As a result iron present in a sample in trace amount was able to be found with very good accuracy and with precision not exceeding 1.5% (in RSD). It was stated that typical amount of iron in a single cigarette is ranged between 0.3 and 0.4 mg. When smoking the risk should be taken into account that even 99% of this amount is transferred to human body without any chance to be limited by the cigarette filter.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2004, 49,suppl.1; 39-42
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Mössbauer spectrometer MsAa-3
    Autorzy:
    Błachowski, A.
    Ruebenbauer, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148201.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    Mössbauer spectrometer
    layout
    performance tests
    laser calibration
    Opis:
    The paper is aimed at the description of the newly developed Mössbauer spectrometer MsAa-3. The spectrometer MsAa-3 consists of a high quality gamma-ray spectrometer including either a proportional gas detector head or a scintillation detector head, a transducer driving system including the transducer, data storage system, and data communication system based on the TCP/IP protocol. Additionally, the Michelson-Morley interferometer is provided for precise calibration of the transducer velocity. The spectrometer is equipped with an integrated simple temperature controller. All the essential functions are remotely controlled over the TCP/IP link allowing for the spectrometer set-up as the stand-alone unit in the computer network, e.g. on the Internet. External gamma-ray detectors or external complete nuclear blocks could be used as well. The spectrometer is equipped with software allowing for setting all the functions, to perform on-line control, and retrieve data. The Mössbauer data processing software MOSGRAF is enclosed as well. The latter software allows for the calculation of the variety of velocity reference functions.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2007, 52, supl. 1; 7-12
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Self-absorption correction and efficiency calibration for radioactivity measurement of environmental samples by gamma-ray spectrometry
    Autorzy:
    Misiak, R.
    Hajduk, R.
    Stobiński, M.
    Bartyzel, M.
    Szarłowicz, K.
    Kubica, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147063.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    gamma spectrometry
    efficiency calibration
    self-absorption
    environmental
    Opis:
    In this work empirical functions which relate the full-energy peak efficiency with sample height, energy, matrix composition and bulk density for voluminal samples in a cylindrical counting geometry were found. Accurate determination of the radioactivity of gamma-emitting radionuclides in environmental samples requires taking into account self-absorption. For the obtained self-absorption correction factor, a direct transmission method was chosen. Finally, this paper proposes a simple correlation between the self-absorption correction factor and the bulk density and height of the measured sample for a given energy.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2011, 56, 1; 23-28
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Occupational exposure to Am-Be neutron calibration source mounted in OB26 shielding container
    Autorzy:
    Szewczak, K.
    Jednorog, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148315.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    occupational exposure
    active instruments measurements
    neutron source calibration
    Opis:
    Laboratory for Dosimetric and Radon Instruments Calibration which is a part of Central Laboratory for Radiological Protection (CLRP) in Warsaw is equipped with 241Am-Be neutron calibration source with activity of 185 GBq since 1999. The capsule was mounted in the OB26 type shielding container. The control room is separated from the above source by a concrete wall of 0.5 m in thickness. The calibration hall is adjacent to one side of the offi ce room. To comply with the requirements of the radiological protection system, the occupational exposure of persons that are working both in the offi ce and control room needs to be assessed. Two methods were involved for ambient dose equivalent rate determination. The active instrument measurements (AIMs) performed with the Berthold LB6411 neutron probe and the Monte Carlo simulation method (MCS) based on MCNP5 code. These estimations were completed for fi ve reference points. Additionally the γ-radiation component was measured by RSS131 ionisation chamber. An increased value of the ambient dose equivalent rate from neutrons was observed in two reference positions. The fi rst observation was done in the control room while the second one in the offi ce room. Expected individual dose equivalents were evaluated based on the results of the AIM and on the expected working time in particular reference points. The annual individual dose equivalent associated with calibration activities using mentioned neutron source was estimated at maximum 0.8 mSv.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2014, 59, 3; 97-103
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    An example of the application of Mössbauer spectroscopy for determination of concentration of iron in lyophilized brain tissue
    Autorzy:
    Rzepecka, P.
    Duda, P.
    Giebułtowicz, J.
    Sochacka, M.
    Friedman, A.
    Gałązka-Friedman, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147214.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    Mössbauer spectroscopy
    background spectrum
    iron concentration
    brain tissue
    calibration curve
    Opis:
    Mössbauer spectroscopy is not routinely used for the determination of the concentration of iron. However, as this method does not need any pre-treatment of samples before measurements, it may be of extreme importance for the assessment of iron in samples, which can then be used for further investigations. Biological samples are a good example, however, as the concentrations of iron are very low in these, it is important to exclude possible artefacts from the background spectrum related to iron present in the counter and cryostat windows. The aim of this study was to compare two methods of determination of the amounts of iron in investigated sample: one, in which the background spectrum was subtracted from the sample spectrum measured, and the other, in which the obtained non-elaborated spectrum was fitted with two doublets – a doublet for the measured sample and a doublet for the background spectrum. Three samples containing known amounts of natural iron (400, 800 and 1600 µg) and a sample of lyophilized human brain tissue obtained from globus pallidus were assessed. Both methods led to the creation of a very good calibration curve with a correlation coefficient of 0.99. Although both methods gave similar results for the concentration of iron in the sample, the subtraction of the background spectrum had a significantly lower error of the final result.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2017, 62, 2; 159-163
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Validation of transient time method to calibrate oil flow meters in closed conduits using 123I as the radiotracer
    Autorzy:
    Gonçalves, Eduardo R.
    Brandão, Luís E. B.
    Braz, Delson
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2055689.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    calibration flow meters
    oil flow rates
    iodine-123
    transient time method
    Opis:
    To assure the credibility of commodity transfer operations in the oil and gas industry, calibrated flow meters are used to quantify the movement of fluids in the pipelines. The purpose of this paper is to validate the transient time method (TTM) to calibrate oil flow meters installed in restricted areas, using the 123I-labelled oil as a radiotracer. Traditionally, as proposed by the standard ISO 2975-7:1977 [1] for experiments in an aqueous medium, the TTM is employed by positioning two detectors at separate locations. However, in industrial plants, it is not always possible to install detectors at the distances recommended by the ISO 2975-7. The method proposed in this paper uses four scintillator detectors separated one from each other by 0.30 m and three injections containing 5.0 ml of 123I-labelled oil. The experiments were carried out in an oil flow rig with a turbulent flow profile. The results have reached an uncertainty which is lower than 1.0%.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2021, 66, 2; 69--74
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Genetic algorithms and neural networks for solving water quality model of the Egyptian research reactor
    Autorzy:
    El-Sayed Wahed, M.
    Ibrahim, W. Z.
    Effat, A. M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148150.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    genetic algorithm
    neural networks
    model calibration
    water distribution system
    water quality model
    Opis:
    The second Egyptian research reactor ETRR-2 became critical on 27th November, 1997. The National Center of Nuclear Safety and Radiation Control (NCNSRC) has the responsibility for the evaluation and assessment of safety of this reactor. Modern managements of water distribution system (WDS) need water quality models that are able to accurately predict the dynamics of water quality variations within the distribution system environment. Before water quality models can be applied to solve system problems, they should be calibrated. The purpose of this paper is to present an approach which combines both macro and detailed models to optimize the water quality parameters. For an efficient search through the solution space, we use a multi-objective genetic algorithm which allows us to identify a set of Pareto optimal solutions providing the decision maker with a complete spectrum of optimal solutions with respect to the various targets. This new combinative algorithm uses the radial basis function (RBF) metamodeling as a surrogate to be optimized for the purpose of decreasing the times of time-consuming water quality simulation and can realize rapidly the calibration of pipe wall reaction coefficients of chlorine model of large-scaled WDS.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2009, 54, 4; 239-245
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Specific heat of selected graphites used in calorimetry of electron beam and its influence on the accuracy of measurement of large dose
    Autorzy:
    Panta, P.
    Głuszewski, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147858.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    radiation processing
    radiation sterilization
    electron beam (EB)
    high dose calorimetry
    calibration
    electron energy
    Opis:
    Calorimetry is applicable to both absolute calibration of routine dosimeters and absolute measurements of electron beam (EB) intensity (for industrial radiation processing). Advantages of graphite as the absorbing calorimetric material are a good heat capacity and negligible heat defect of this material. Knowledge of the specific heat capacities of the calorimetric core materials is fundamental in making absolute dose measurements. Two kinds of high-purity graphite used in calorimeters were analysed, i.e. Union Carbide grade AGOT and nuclear grade graphite [10]. There are some differences of specific heat of these graphites, up to 2% , which influence dosimetric response of calorimeters made of them.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2005, 50,suppl.2; 55-57
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Precise determination of HPGe detector efficiency for gamma spectrometry measurements of environmental samples with variable geometry and density
    Autorzy:
    Barrera, M.
    Casas-Ruiz, M.
    Alonso, J. J.
    Vidal, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146350.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    efficiency calibration
    environmental radioactivity
    gamma spectrometry
    geometric dependence of the efficiency
    self-attenuation corrections
    Opis:
    A methodology to determine the full energy peak efficiency (FEPE) for precise gamma spectrometry measurements of environmental samples with high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector, valid when this efficiency depends on the energy of the radiation E, the height of the cylindrical sample H, and its density ρ is introduced. The methodology consists of an initial calibration as a function of E and H and the application of a self-attenuation factor, depending on the density of the sample ρ, in order to correct for the different attenuation of the generic sample in relation to the measured standard. The obtained efficiency can be used in the whole range of interest studied, E = 120–2000 keV, H = 1–5 cm, and ρ = 0.8–1.7 g/cm3, being its uncertainty below 5%. The efficiency has been checked by the measurement of standards, resulting in a good agreement between experimental and expected activities. The described methodology can be extended to similar situations when samples show geometric and compaction differences.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2017, 62, 1; 47-59
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    An application of LSC method for the measurement of gross alpha and beta activities in spiked water and drinking water samples
    Autorzy:
    Çakal, G. Ö.
    Güven, R.
    Yücel, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146427.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    alpha activity
    beta activity
    drinking water
    liquid scintillation counting (LSC)
    pulse shape analysis (PSA) calibration
    quench
    Opis:
    In this study, after the pulse shape calibration of a liquid scintillation counting (LSC) spectrometer (Quantulus 1220), the efficiency was determined depending on sample quenching parameters. Then, gross alpha and beta activities in two spiked water samples obtained from International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) were used for the validation of the ASTM D7283-06 method, which is a standard test method for alpha and beta activity in water by LSC. Later, the drinking water samples (35 tap water and 9 bottled water) obtained from different districts of Ankara, Turkey, were measured. The maximum gross alpha activities are measured to be 0.08 Bq/L for tap waters and 0.13 Bq/L for bottled waters, whereas the maximum gross beta activities are found to be 0.18 Bq/L for tap waters and 0.16 Bq/L for bottled waters. These results indicate that these drinking water samples are below the required limits, which are 0.1 Bq/L for alpha emitting radionuclides and 1 Bq/L for beta emitting radionuclides. As a result, gross alpha and beta activities in drinking water of Ankara were determined accurately by this validated LSC method. It is also worth noting that LSC is a rapid and accurate method for the determination of gross alpha and beta activities without requiring a tedious sample preparation.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2015, 60, No. 3, part 2; 637-642
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Charged projectile spectrometry using solid-state nuclear track detector of the PM-355 type
    Autorzy:
    Malinowska, A.
    Jaskóła, M.
    Korman, A.
    Szydłowski, A.
    Malinowski, K.
    Kuk, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146945.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    solid-state nuclear track detectors (SSNTDs)
    PM-355
    energy resolution of proton and deuteron
    calibration diagrams
    track mean gray level
    Opis:
    To use effectively any radiation detector in high-temperature plasma experiments, it must have a lot of benefits and fulfill a number of requirements. The most important are: a high energy resolution, linearity over a wide range of recorded particle energy, high detection efficiency for these particles, a long lifetime and resistance to harsh conditions existing in plasma experiments and so on. Solid-state nuclear track detectors have been used in our laboratory in plasma experiments for many years, but recently we have made an attempt to use these detectors in spectroscopic measurements performed on some plasma facilities. This paper presents a method that we used to elaborate etched track diameters to evaluate the incident projectile energy magnitude. The method is based on the data obtained from a semiautomatic track scanning system that selects tracks according to two parameters, track diameter and its mean gray level.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2015, 60, No. 3, part 2; 591-596
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-13 z 13

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