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Wyświetlanie 1-13 z 13
Tytuł:
Reduction of pressure rise rates in boosted HCCI engine using advanced valve actuation strategies
Autorzy:
Hunicz, J.
Rybak, A.
Gęca, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243727.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
low temperature combustion
HCCI
valve actuation
combustion harshness
Opis:
Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) is a promising low temperature combustion technology which offers high fuel efficiency and extremely low exhaust emissions. However, there are still some pending issues to be resolved before the technology will achieve mass production level. Namely, combustion controllability should be improved and HCCI operating range should be widen. The latter is constrained by excessive combustion rates under high loads. In this study, advanced variable valve actuation strategies were applied to control auto-ignition timings and combustion rates. The examinations were conducted using single-cylinder research engine fuelled with directly injected gasoline. The HCCI combustion was achieved using negative valve overlap technique. The engine was run under boosted conditions, in an operation regime where acceptable pressure rise rate (PRR) level is usually exceeded. Selected valve timing sweeps were carried out within a scope of the experiments to evaluate PRR reduction potential. The obtained results manifested superior combustion controllability. Late exhaust valve closing enabled reduction of the amount of internally re-circulated exhaust, which propagated to the main event combustion. From the intake side, two effects were observed, i.e. variability of the intake air aspiration and variability of the apparent compression ratio. Both phenomena were found to affect combustion timings and rates.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 4; 369-376
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Determination of common rail injector flow characteristics with the use of diesel and biodiesel fuels
Autorzy:
Rybak, A.
Gęca, M.
Krzaczek, P.
Mazanek, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247692.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
fuel
oil
lubrication
engine
injector
biodiesel
Opis:
One of the most important requirements in the design of diesel combustion systems is to reduce emissions of harmful chemical compounds contained in exhaust gases. Solution to this problem is sought by the use of advanced engine injection systems and accurate control of mixture formation inside a cylinder via split fuel injection. The differences in physical characteristics between traditional and alternative fuels can affect fuel metering, especially at short injection durations. Thus, the aim of the current study was to identify dynamic flow parameters of the Common Rail injector with the use of different fuels. The study involved Diesel available in retail and biodiesel fuel obtained by methyl esterification of fatty acids. Measurements were performed on a test stand designed for determination of injectors and injection pumps characteristics. Studies were carried out changing the following parameters: injection pressure in the range of 30-180 MPa, injection time in the range of 200-1600 microseconds. Each fuel was tested at temperature 40 and 60°C. The obtained test results showed that injection of different fuels provided variable amounts of fuel injected at short injection durations, which can affect mixture formation process as well as combustion. Effect of the dose of the injected fuel has a viscosity of used fuel.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 4; 443-450
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Chosen development problems of wheeled armoured transporters
Autorzy:
Wiśniewski, A.
Rybak, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242273.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
wheeled armoured transporter
construction development
tendencies
Opis:
Modern wheeled armoured vehicles are constructed as multipurpose. Universal construction of vehicle is achieved in two separate ways: as specialized versions of vase model or by using exchangeable mission-modules. Realization of various tasks requires different equipment; ensure adequate level of protection and firepower. Increase of protection level, implementation of weapon systems, characterized by high firepower despite technological advancement in this field affect vehicles weight increase and therefore, it also affects requirements for other vehicle systems. Ensuring high mobility requires use of high power, turbocharged diesel engines, hydro mechanical transmission, hydro pneumatics suspension, possibility of clearance adjustment, use of central wheel pumping system enabling tire pressure change according to the surface on witch vehicle runs. This study gathers and compares characteristics of selected wheeled armoured personnel carriers and determines possible directions of development for future wheeled vehicles.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 3; 505-510
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Numerical research on dynamic loads of wheeled armoured personnel carrier during overcoming terrain obstacles
Autorzy:
Borkowski, W.
Michałowski, B.
Rybak, P.
Wiśniewski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/241735.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
numerical research
dynamical loads
wheeled armoured personnel carrier
simulation
Opis:
Paper presents the results of numerical research on the influence of the movement conditions (velocity and various types and parameters of obstacles) on the level of dynamic loads of the body shell and the vehicle crew of the basic version of Wheeled Armoured Personnel Carrier (Wheeled APC) ROSOMAK. The research work was aimed at analysis of the dynamic loads resulting from the overcoming various terrain obstacles. Kinematic constraints acting on suspension used during tests were random and deterministic, e.g. sine, cosine, triangle as well as mixed, imitating fallen tree trunk on smooth surface. Simulations were carried out with the genuine proprietary software for numerical analysis of dynamics of multi-axis vehicles equipped with independent suspension. The paper consists description of the mathematical model of multi-axis vehicle, deterministic and random generated inputs and range of performed tests. Time courses of displacement, velocity, vertical and angular (longitudinal and transverse) accelerations were determined for chosen parts of vehicle. Paper also contains time courses of deflection for every suspension wheel and dynamical reactions of the ground as well as selected time charts and cumulative statistics. Finally paper presents conclusions formulated about dynamic loads of APC ROSOMAK depending on parameters and types of obstacles and vehicle velocity.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 4; 83-92
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Experimental researches of dynamic loads of armoured personnel carrier and its crew during collision with rigid obstacle and all - terrain vehicle
Autorzy:
Borkowski, W.
Hryciów, Z.
Rybak, P.
Wysocki, J.
Wiśniewski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242892.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
armoured personnel carrier
dynamic load
dummy
crash test
passive safety
Opis:
The paper presents problems related to dynamic loads of armoured personnel carriers design as well as soldiers located inside them. During tactical operation, there is often the need for ramming other vehicles or terrain obstacles in order to provide road possibility. The lack in armoured vehicles, commonly used in cars crumple zones, will result in large values of accelerations. This can cause significant risk to the crews of vehicles. In order to assess the exposure of soldiers while overcoming terrain and engineering obstacles experimental studies were performed covering a carrier’s collision with a rigid barrier and ramming of all-terrain vehicle. In the paper the research conditions and used measurement equipment were described. A four-wheel SKOT personnel carrier and Tarpan Honker car, out of service, was used for the tests. The tests were carried out within the area of the Military Institute for Armoured and Automotive Technology in Sulejówek. During crash tests, anthropomorphic measurement equipment – Hybrid III 50th Male Dummy type – was used for recording the values of loads affecting the soldiers. The article presents some results of experimental studies. The values of the carrier’s body accelerations in driver’s and landing troop compartment were compared as well as dynamic loads of test dummies. The results obtained during vehicle ramming prove that these types of actions do not cause serious threats for the members of the carrier crew.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 3; 71-78
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Experimental research on identifying data for modelling special purpose vehicles
Autorzy:
Rybak, P.
Wysocki, J.
Hryciów, Z.
Michałowski, B.
Wiśniewski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245056.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
special purpose vehicle
combat vehicle
loads
experimental research
modelling
Opis:
The work presents selected results of experimental research on special purpose vehicles used on military training grounds, and bench tests of their main structural elements. The results are connected mainly with identifying the main vibration parameters of those vehicles (regarding weight, resilience and damping), and with the assessment of the level of dynamic loads. The more output data experimental research provides, the more input data we have for designing models. Determined in laboratory tests, weight parameters (regarding weight and moments of inertia), coefficients of stiffness and damping, as well as selected resilience and damping characteristics, are applied in the process of creating the numerical models of assemblies, systems, and complete vehicles. The numerical models created are subject to full verification in order to minimize the differences between the real objects and their representations. The models are applied in multivariate simulation tests of the existing design solutions, upgrading them, or creating new designs. Due to a certain sensitivity of the range of special purpose vehicles, the results of experimental tests and simulation analyses presented in the work are mainly qualitative rather than quantitative.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2017, 24, 3; 245-252
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of the possibility of carrying people inside military field workshops
Autorzy:
Hryciów, Z.
Rybak, P.
Wysocki, J.
Wiśniewski, A.
Michałowski, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246978.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
noise
vibration
military field workshop
experimental researches
risk assessment
Opis:
Military vehicles are used less intensively than the civil ones, and many types of the vehicles used by the army are stored for a long time. Therefore, this type of vehicles can be used even for a dozens of years. Due to the constant development of technology, used armament and military equipment has to be adjusted to current needs. The above applies also to recovery vehicles, including field workshops. This work analyses the level of safety and comfort of the crew of the modified field workshop (Sarna II) when the vehicle is moving under various conditions. The scope of improvement included two seats inside workshop for the transportation of the crew members. Experimental research involved measuring the accelerations on the seats of the crew and the noise inside the vehicle body. The assessment was conducted on the basis of the highest value of 8-hour of the exposure to the whole body vibrations A(8). The accelerations acting on the seats were determined mainly by the kind of the road, its roughness and the speed of the vehicle. The occupational risk connected with the exposure to the mechanical vibrations was in most cases assessed to be low or moderate. The risk was assessed to be high only when the vehicle was moving on the dirt road. Results of experimental researches indicated that passengers travelling in the body of Sarna II workshop, mounted on the underbody of STAR 266M2 vehicle, have ensured proper conditions of transport, both in terms of exposure to mechanical vibrations and to the noise.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 3; 185-192
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Studies on the effectiveness of the innovative road safety system
Autorzy:
Borkowski, W.
Hryciów, Z.
Rybak, P.
Wysocki, J.
Wiśniewski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242956.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
road safety barrier
crash tests
computer simulation
LS-DYNA
FEM
Opis:
The paper evaluates the effectiveness of the innovative road safety system equipped with prototype component segments composed of a body made of a plastic filled with reinforced concrete. Main advantages of the new safety barrier include increased resistance to corrosion as well as easy transport and assembly directly on a road section being secured. Model tests were performed on a car of 900 kg weight allowing for carrying out the TB11 tests according to the EN 1317-2 standard. LS-DYNA software was applied for modelling, using the finite element method. The work presents the numerical test results, trajectory of vehicle movement after collision as well as the concrete barrier displacement. It also includes examples of stress in steel bars and joint coupling. Detailed assessing of simulation test results were made on the basis of ASI, THIV and PHD index. They were calculated on the basis of velocity and acceleration courses of selected car bodywork points. Numerical test results confirm the fact that this system meets the normative requirements. They allow for qualifying that system for B impact severity level and W4 working width. The results presented in the paper make the initial stage of the study and further calculations will be oriented towards a possibility of meeting the requirements for higher restraint levels.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 2; 27-32
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The methods of quality assessment of the tracked suspensions of the combat vehicles
Autorzy:
Rybak, P.
Hryciów, Z.
Michałowski, B.
Wiśniewski, A.
Wojciechowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243485.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
tracked combat vehicle
suspension
driving smoothness
test track
Opis:
The extortions that result in the vibrations of a hull of the combat vehicle have an impact on the tracked combat vehicle during the off-road driving. They may have a negative impact on the crew, internal equipment, shooting accuracy. A level of the hull loads depends on quality of the suspension system, which main responsibility consists in minimising an amplitude of the vibrations. Therefore, it is necessary both to improve a structure of the suspension system, and its components, as well as their optimisation. The tests of the driving smoothness of the vehicle and quality of the suspension elements can be realised both within a frame of the model tests and while driving in the real conditions. The assessment criteria of the driving smoothness are directly related to the negative influence of the vibrations to the human body. The suspension quality should be assumed both upon an execution of the vehicle prototype, and during the design or modernisation phase. It results both in reducing the time, and minimisation of the costs and risk related to the structure development. The model tests enable to evaluate the driving smoothness and comfort prior to an execution of the prototype. The tests on the test tracks in the final phase of the development are carried out in order to evaluate the driving smoothness.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 4; 471-478
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The research on dynamic loads and traction properties of military vehicles in the aspect of improvement of their structures
Autorzy:
Borkowski, W.
Rybak, P.
Hryciów, Z.
Wysocki, J.
Michałowski, B.
Wiśniewski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247931.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
military vehicle
dynamic loads
traction
model tests
experimental tests
Opis:
Since the beginning of the 90’s, a scientific team in the Motor Vehicle and Transport Institute of the Mechanical Department in the Military University of Technology, has been involved in the model and experimental tests of the existing structures of the military vehicles (tanks, combat infantry vehicles and wheeled armoured carriers) in the aspect of their modernization. A part of works is related to the military vehicles included in the army’s equipment and the other parts are related to newly designed vehicles. In both cases issues related to the behaviour of selected assemblies and the whole vehicle, structure during threats posed by the reality of contemporary battlefield or armed symmetric or asymmetric conflicts are analysed. Selected effects of the tests and analyses will be presented mostly within the qualitative scope due to the data sensitivity. Contemporary design of military vehicles requires involvement of various research methods and specialized calculation software. The results obtained during performed various experimental tests make a valuable basis for verification of numerical models used in design process and multi-option simulation calculations.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2015, 22, 1; 37-46
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Numerical research on the special container of increased technical and design requirements
Autorzy:
Rybak, P.
Borkowski, W.
Hryciów, Z.
Michałowski, B.
Wiśniewski, A.
Wysocki, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242624.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
numerical research
dynamical loads
simulation
Opis:
This paper presents issues related to the process of designing a 30-feet container to be used as a mobile laboratory for collecting the environmental samples and identification of biological threats. Tactical and technical assumptions for the container, taking into account the requirements of the transport and movement of the army at long distances and in the difficult areas by means of transport characterized by increased traction properties, made the starting point. A possible way of relocation on the land roads using commonly available and military means of transport, possibilities of loading and unloading using the autonomic system and automatic levelling system are described. It describes the process of creating the MES model of the supporting structure and assumptions taken for that purpose. The basic assumption included invariability of shape, geometry and dimensions of a container compared to containers recognized in the world as the standard ones. Some results of numerical calculations carried out at two stages are presented. At the first stage, the issues on the own values were solved. Frequencies of own vibrations and associated forms of vibrations were identified. At the second stage, forced container vibrations were analysed. Resistance calculations were performed for the supporting structure of the container in the aspect of evaluation of the strain condition of the whole structure, as well as its components for assumed load variants. A variability of resistance calculations takes into account such cases as the influence of the under-container trailer riding on the uneven ground, loading and unloading a container from a trailer using autonomous system, diversity of loads on the supports resulting from the change of the ground density under the supports. A preliminary analysis of container transport possibilities and transport unit traction properties have been also carried out.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 3; 347-352
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Experimental research on the dynamic loads of the wheeled armoured personnel carrier
Autorzy:
Borkowski, W.
Hryciów, Z.
Michałowski, B.
Rybak, P.
Wiśniewski, A.
Wysocki, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243711.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
experimental research
dynamic loads
wheeled armoured personnel carrier
acceleration
vibrations
Opis:
The results of the experimental research on the influence of the special vehicle movement conditions on the body shell and the vehicle crew dynamic load will be presented in the paper. ROSOMAK Wheeled Armoured Personnel Carrier (Wheeled APC), the basic version, was the subject of the research. The research work was aimed at analysis of the dynamic loads resulting from the deterministic inputs and driving on the selected types of surfaces generating random kinematic inputs. The personnel carrier service conditions, measuring apparatus, and testing methods will be described. The vertical accelerations of the selected points of the vehicle, and deflection of the prime and second suspension of the vehicle left side were measured. The time and the acceleration RMS value spectrum charts for the selected implementations will be presented. The cumulative statistics will be shown in the form of a table. The conclusions regarding the influence of the road surface on the personnel carrier driver's working comfort will be formulated. The assessment of the suspension quality will be included in the conclusions. Driving on the smooth surface is comfortable. However, the road surface worsening causes decreased proficiency sense until the exposure limit boundary is reached when the vehicle drives on a poor quality cobble road with 50 km/h speed. The vehicle basic version is not fitted with the seats for assault troops, therefore the influence of the road irregularities on the centre of mass of the body shell, and the driver's and commander's seats were determined. It is recommended to make further tests on the personnel carrier combat and special versions.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 1; 69-76
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Studies on the supporting structure of the ”crossbow” rocket launcher in the aspect of improvement of its resistance properties
Autorzy:
Rybak, P.
Borkowski, W.
Hryciów, Z.
Michałowski, B.
Wiśniewski, A.
Wysocki, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243483.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
structure
dynamical loads
experimental research
numerical research
Opis:
This paper presents the results of the studies on a special vehicle Polaris Ranger 6×6 800 equipped with the ”Crossbow” antiaircraft rocket launcher, manufactured by TELESYSTEM-MESKO Sp z o. o. Implementation and Manufacture Centre. The supporting structure of the launcher made the main object of the analysis. The essential goal of that undertaking was to obtain a structure of resistance assuring reliable system operation in various conditions of use. In order to reach that goal, the experimental as well as the model tests have been performed on the launcher vehicle. The experimental tests were carried out during multi-variant rides on the paved roads and in the wilderness of significant level of unevenness. Significant information on the level, directions and nature of affecting dynamic loads and the effects of their influence on the vehicle elements. The analysis of obtained results also provided the data required for a development of a model of the object of the studies. A MES model of the object of the studies was prepared in the LS-DYNA system. A high pressure was put on modelling a complex chassis of the launcher and mutual reaction of assemblies and parts. A generalized issue on the own properties was solved – frequencies and associated forms of vibrations of own main assemblies were designated. Resistance calculations were carried out for assumed loads. In principle, loads imposed by normative requirements for a particular class of armament and military equipment were assumed. Loads resulting from potential conditions of use and installation on other carriers were also included. The tests were performed for various load variants. Sensitive elements of the chassis were modified and highly satisfying results were obtained. It gives a reason to think that the chassis is resistant to expected and difficult operation conditions and assures that the whole system will work reliably.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 3; 353-358
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-13 z 13

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