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Tytuł:
Headlamp replacements’ comparison method
Autorzy:
Targosiński, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243566.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
headlighting
road illumination
performance comparison
Opis:
There are many replacements of headlamps on the market. Offered replacements parts should be “identical” as original and type approved. In fact it means that should have similar to original outside appearance and mounting fixtures and external size allowing for replace original one. From legal point of view to be placed in vehicle replacement headlamp should be type approved. Most important aftermarket criterion is low price. They are often offered for half or even less of original components price. From the other side the replacements can have less performance than original. When final customer want to make comparison between original and aftermarket headlamp it is a problem because there is no standard procedure or information allowing to compare performance. Similar problem have components wholesalers or end sellers. It is also important for traffic safety because many of contemporary headlamps meet some type approval requirements with significant surplus. To try solve this problem was developed method on the base measurements done using “Headlights’ analyser”. This device allow for measurements of illumination distribution of beam pattern. Appropriate analysis of recalculated illuminance can give important information allowing for comparison beam patterns of different headlamps, especially replacement. This method is based on as much as possible identical aiming of each headlamp using analytical finding of cut-off line than comparing important characteristics of road illumination and glare.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 4; 451-456
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Automated Map Comparison using Non-invariant Fourier Descriptors
Autorzy:
Ouellette, R.
Hirasawa, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/384745.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Automatyki i Pomiarów
Tematy:
Fourier descriptors
robot mapping
SLAM
map comparison
image comparison
Opis:
In this paper, we use non-invariant Fourier descriptors to derive transformation variables which allow us to optimally localize and reorient robot-generated maps based on the map shapes in order to determine, in an automated way, the accuracy of the generated maps. Our method uses only 4 simple calculations for alignment, therefore is extremely fast and gives a very good optimization for data maps that contain consistent, high frequency noise. A drawback to this method is occlusions in the map which affect the low frequency Fourier descriptors and cause localization and orientation errors. Preprocessing and optimization can help minimize these drawbacks. This application can be easily adapted to other areas such as image comparison or fault detection.
Źródło:
Journal of Automation Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems; 2012, 6, 1; 15-21
1897-8649
2080-2145
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Automation Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The models for the comparison of roundness profiles
Autorzy:
Tichá, S.
Adamczak, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/384343.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Automatyki i Pomiarów
Tematy:
roundness
correlation coefficients
mathematical models
comparison
Opis:
Roundness is one of the mostly frequently observed geometrical deviations. A profile of a machine part consisting of simple harmonic courses or their sums depends on a number of factors. Modeling of geometrical deviations requires applying the Fourier to extend each periodical function into an infinite series of harmonic components. Using of harmonic analysis we are able to determine the values of amplitudes of single components and their phase shifts. These parameters can be used for example for comparison of roundness profiles by means of correlation coefficients. The obtained correlation coefficients are concrete parameters, on the basis of which it is possible to determine the degree of conformity and unity between the compared profiles. The comparison of evaluated roundness profiles can be represented as mathematical statistical models. In these models is detected sequence of single steps, which are necessary for determination of required correlation coefficients [1, 2] .
Źródło:
Journal of Automation Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems; 2012, 6, 3; 27-29
1897-8649
2080-2145
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Automation Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Linguokognitive Aspekte der Vergleichsmodelle bei politischen Anthroponymen: Willy Brandt, Helmut Kohl und Gerhard Schröder
Linguocognitive Aspects of Comparison Models with Political Anthroponyms: Willy Brandt, Helmut Kohl and Gerhard Schröder
Autorzy:
Kulikova, Valerija
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/458589.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Wrocławski. Oficyna Wydawnicza ATUT – Wrocławskie Wydawnictwo Oświatowe
Tematy:
Anthroponyme
Vergleichsmodelle
expliziter Vergleich
impliziter Vergleich
Anthroponyms
comparison models
implicit comparison
explicit comparison
Opis:
Eine der universellen Kategorien beim Konzeptualisieren der Umwelt ist der Vergleich. Obwohl sich der Prozess des Vergleichs in der Regel nach ähnlichen Modellen realisiert, die in den entsprechenden Spracheinheiten einen weiteren Ausdruck finden, kategorisiert jede Kultur die Welt anders. Notwendig sei dabei die Untersuchung von Anthroponymen. Darunter versteht man besondere Menschenbezeichnungen, d. h. Personeneigennamen oder eine Reihe von allen möglichen Variationen mit einem Namen. Anthroponyme können wie andere Spracheinheiten in Vergleichsmodellen verwendet werden und auf diese Weise liefern sie ein umfangreiches empirisches Material. Am Beispiel der politischen Anthroponyme Willy Brandt, Helmut Kohl und Gerhard Schröder werden Ergebnisse der Analyse von Vergleichsmodellen im politischen Diskurs präsentiert.
Today’s linguistics deals increasingly with linguocultural as well as linguocognitive aspects of language existence. One of the universal categories of conceptualizing the world is comparison. Although there are similar comparative models, each culture categorizes the world differently. Anthroponyms, which are person’s names, can also be used in comparative models like other language units. The wide variety of examples of comparison with anthroponyms in the mass media makes this topic suitable for further analysis. The language potential of the political anthroponyms Willy Brandt, Helmut Kohl und Gerhard Schröder, who are known as the most important politicians in German and European history in the 20th century and at the turn of the century, is to be analyzed in this paper.
Źródło:
Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław; 2019, 15; 303-309
2084-3062
2657-5647
Pojawia się w:
Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparison of Public, Non-Profit and Private Hospitals
Autorzy:
Held, Bärbel
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517303.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
analysis
comparison
health care
hospitals
soft budget constraint syndrome (SBC)
Opis:
The health care system in Germany is undergoing a phase of transformation. The resulting challenges and fields of action for the hospitals were described as one outcome of a scenario analysis conducted by the author. These include, for example, setting up new organisation structures, professionalising management competence or also developing a comprehensive quality management system. In the following analysis, the hospitals are to be described and compared to one another in terms of their initial conditions regarding these fields of action. The question at the focus is which different prerequisites and options the clinics have subject to their organisational structure.
Źródło:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2015, 10, 1; 155-178
1689-765X
2353-3293
Pojawia się w:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparison of App Inventor 2 and Java in creating personal applications for Android on example of a Notepad
Autorzy:
Kowalczyk, R.
Turczyński, Ł.
Żyła, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/957982.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
Java
App Inventor
Android
efficiency comparison
application usability comparison
Opis:
Nowadays, there is a common tendency to seek simpler and faster solutions that could be used in a process of software development. At the same time two other trends can be observed - rapid increase of mobile applications popularity and introducing IT concepts to non-IT specialists. This is why App Inventor 2 is one of the tools that software development community is interested in. The goal of this paper is to verify the possibility of using App Inventor as a tool for creating personal applications and compare it with possibilities given by Java, which is a native environment for Android platform. Comparison was based on application for managing personal text notes which was created in both solutions. The application had the same layout as well as analogical code, and it was the subject of performance tests followed by a survey. Performance test revealed that both implementations provided efficiency which is good enough for everyday use and small size personal applications. Survey participants preferred application built in Java due to its better responsiveness and visual appearance. Concluding, current shape of App Inventor, makes it useless for professionals, but useful for non-IT specialists for creating personal applications.
Źródło:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal; 2016, 10, 31; 247-254
2299-8624
Pojawia się w:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Porównywanie częstotliwości wzorcowych w środowisku LabVIEW
Comparison of frequency standards in LabVIEW environment
Autorzy:
Pawłowski, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/266851.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Elektrotechniki i Automatyki
Tematy:
wzorzec częstotliwości
porównywanie wzorców
metoda fazowa porównywania częstotliwości
frequency standard
standards comparison
phase method of frequency standards comparison
Opis:
Generator częstotliwości wzorcowej jest niezbędnym elementem składowym wielu współczesnych przyrządów pomiarowych i innych urządzeń. Jego podstawowym parametrem jest częstotliwość generowanego sygnału wzorcowego oraz błąd względem wartości znamionowej, który wyznacza sie metoda fazowa poprzez porównanie ze wzorcem wyższego rzędu. W referacie przedstawiono zasadę metody fazowej porównywania częstotliwości wzorcowych, odpowiedni układ pomiarowy oraz aplikacje zrealizowana w środowisku LabVIEW przetwarzająca dane pomiarowe. Zaprezentowano rezultaty badan symulacyjnych oraz wyniki pomiarów w układzie rzeczywistym.
A precision frequency standard comparison method, measurement system and data processing based on LabVIEW environment are presented. Because the frequency of a standard oscillator changes due to aging, in order to remove the aging offset and return the oscillator to its nominal operating frequency calibration procedure should be used. The linear phase comparison method is widely used in the frequency standard comparison of high precision. Because this method has very high measurement resolution, it can distinguish and process a very small phase difference variation. However, the application of this method are only limited by the fact that the both frequencies of comparison signals must be the same. In this case, uncertainty of time measurement and duration of time measurement, will influence the comparison precision of the frequency standard. For higher resolution and convenient use, a method based on linear phase comparison was used. To determine the time differences between the reference signal and the signal of compared oscillator, typical digital time interval meter can be used, e.g. HP 53131A Universal Counter. The software of the system was developed in the LabVIEW programming environment. In order to reduce noise, smooth measurement data and find the mathematical relationship between signals were used different curve fitting methods implemented in LabVIEW, such as the Least Square (LS), Least Absolute Residual (LAR), or Bisquare (BS) fitting method. The main advantage of the proposed solution is that it can be easily implemented with general purpose measurements instruments. The algorithm was tested using data recorded from real frequency sources.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Wydziału Elektrotechniki i Automatyki Politechniki Gdańskiej; 2013, 34; 53-56
1425-5766
2353-1290
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Wydziału Elektrotechniki i Automatyki Politechniki Gdańskiej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Using Inconsistency Reduction Algorithms in Comparison Matrices to Improve the Performance of Generating Random Comparison Matrices with a Given Inconsistency Coefficient Range
Autorzy:
Kuraś, Paweł
Gerka, Alicja
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2201885.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
algorithm
pairwise comparison
inconsistency ratio
online tools
Opis:
The aim of this paper is to present a new method for generating random pairwise comparison matrices with a given inconsistency ratio (CR) interval using inconsistency reduction algorithms. Pairwise comparison (PC) is a popular technique for multi-criteria decision-making, its purpose is to assign weights to the compared entities, thus ranking them from best to worst. The presented method combines the traditional random generation of comparison matrices supported by inconsistency reduction algorithms: the “Xu and Wei” algorithm and the “Szybowski” algorithm. This paper presents research that shows an increase in performance when generating such matrices relative to the standard random comparison matrix generation procedure using the “Szybowski” algorithm. The other algorithms also improve the process, but to a lesser extent, making the “Szybowski” supporting algorithm the preferred solution for the new process. As a result of the research, a free online tool “PC MATRICES GENERATOR” has also been made available to efficiently generate a large number of comparison matrices with a given CR factor range, any matrix size, and any number of matrices, enabling much more efficient and less time-consuming research in many fields that use comparison matrices, as the analytic hierarchy/network process (AHP/ANP), ELECTREE, PAPRIKA, PROMETHE, VIKOR or the Best-Worst method (BWM).
Źródło:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal; 2023, 17, 1; 222-229
2299-8624
Pojawia się w:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Comparison of the US and EU Agricultural Antitrust Exemptions
Autorzy:
Csirszki, Martin Milán
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2158409.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-09-12
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
antitrust exemption
agriculture
European Union
United States
comparison
Opis:
The article aims to compare the sectoral antitrust exemption for agriculture that exists in the United States (US) and the European Union (EU). The roots for the privileged position of agriculture under antitrust laws date back to 1914. Section 6 of the Clayton Act was the first US law which exempted certain cooperatives. In 1922, the protection was extended to a broader range of agricultural entities by the Capper-Volstead Act. These two acts have since then determined the scope and extent of the US exemption but have evolved through judiciary interpretation. The EU has had a similar exemption for agriculture since the beginnings of European integration. After presenting briefly the likely explanations for the privileged treatment of this sector under antitrust, the article aims to analyse the regulations in force in order to explore their similarities and differences. The analysis also seeks to answer the question of whether the ‘accusation’ that EU competition law – in contrast with the US antitrust regime – is not purely based on efficiency considerations can also be extended to the agricultural sector’s privileged treatment. In the end, the rules in force of the two jurisdictions are compared and conclusions drawn.
Cet article vise à comparer les exemptions sectorielles des règles de concurrence pour l’agriculture qui existent aux États-Unis (US) et dans l’Union européenne (UE). Les origines de la position privilégiée de l’agriculture au regard du droit de la concurrence remontent à 1914. La section 6 du Clayton Act a été la première loi américaine à exempter certaines coopératives. En 1922, la protection a été étendue à un plus large éventail d’entités agricoles par le Capper-Volstead Act. Ces deux lois ont depuis lors déterminé la portée et l’étendue de l’exemption américaine, mais ont évolué par le biais de l’interprétation judiciaire. L’UE dispose d’une exemption similaire pour l’agriculture depuis les débuts de l’intégration européenne. Après avoir présenté brièvement les explications probables du traitement privilégié de ce secteur dans le cadre du droit de la concurrence, l’article vise à analyser les réglementations en vigueur afin d’explorer leurs similitudes et leurs différences. L’analyse cherche également à répondre à la question de savoir si l’»accusation» selon laquelle le droit européen de la concurrence – contrairement au régime antitrust américain – n’est pas purement fondé sur des considérations d’efficacité peut également être étendue au traitement privilégié du secteur agricole. Enfin, les règles en vigueur dans les deux juridictions sont comparées et des conclusions sont tirées.
Źródło:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2022, 15, 25; 137-174
1689-9024
2545-0115
Pojawia się w:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Temporal Self-Extension: Implications for Temporal Comparison and Autobiographical Memory
Autorzy:
Grabowski, Adam
Broemer, Philip
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430457.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-06-01
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Temporal Comparison
Self
Temporal Distance
Visual Perspectives
Opis:
Research on temporal comparison has shown that people dissociate themselves from their past to attain a positive self view. Social comparison research has demonstrated that the distinctness of contextually activated information determines whether a recalled self exerts assimilation or contrast effects on the current self. However, hardly any study addressed individual differences. Also, very little is known about whether the ease or difficulty to date past events and experiences influences current self-judgments. We present a new scale capturing the degree of the current self time extension. Three studies support the notion that temporal self-extension determines how past selves are accessed and processed, regarding both the abstractness with which self-knowledge is retrieved and the experienced temporal distance to the past. These findings have important implications for temporal as well as social comparison processes.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2015, 46, 2; 246-261
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Linearized comparison criteria for a nonlinear neutral differential equation
Autorzy:
Guan, Xinping
Cheng, Sui
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1311059.pdf
Data publikacji:
1996
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Matematyczny PAN
Tematy:
neutral differential equations
positive solutions
linearized comparison theorems
Opis:
A class of nonlinear neutral differential equations with variable coefficients and delays is considered. Conditions for the existence of eventually positive solutions are obtained which extend some of the criteria existing in the literature. In particular, a linearized comparison theorem is obtained which establishes a connection between our nonlinear equations and a class of linear neutral equations with constant coefficients.
Źródło:
Annales Polonici Mathematici; 1996, 64, 2; 161-173
0066-2216
Pojawia się w:
Annales Polonici Mathematici
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Theoretical Analysis of the Directed Lie Question (DLC)
Autorzy:
Gordon, Nathan J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/523321.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-06-01
Wydawca:
Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
Tematy:
Directed Lie Comparison (DLC)
Probable Lie Comparison (PLC)
CQT
Źródło:
European Polygraph; 2015, 9, 2; 85-88
1898-5238
2380-0550
Pojawia się w:
European Polygraph
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Klar – klärer – am klärsten? Umlaut comparison as a doubtful case in contemporary German
Autorzy:
Nowak, Jessica
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1121410.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
umlaut comparison
adjectives
doubtful cases
german
Opis:
The present paper addresses doubtful cases concerning the use of umlaut in the adjectival comparison of contemporary German: bang ‘anxious’ – banger/bänger – am bangsten/bängsten. It aims to shed light on the concrete distribution of this variation, i.e. the preference for one of the variants. Corpus-based analyses will show that the adjectives under discussion are not equally affected by umlaut variation: some are (surprisingly) stable (e.g., gesund ‘healthy’), whereas many others have a clear preference (i.e. > 70%) for non-umlauting forms (e.g., blass ‘pale’, nass ‘wet’). Interestingly, a few of the supposedly stable cases appear to have at least some non-umlauting forms (e.g., krank ‘ill’, nah ‘near’, grob ‘rough’). Even more interesting (but still comparatively rare) is the use of umlaut in conceptual orality contexts with adjectives that exhibit no umlaut comparison in Standard German, e.g., klar ‘clear’, falsch ‘wrong’, doof ‘stupid’. As will be demonstrated, these doubtful cases reflect a centuries-old and still ongoing reorganization process within umlaut comparison. It will turn out that a complex network of interacting factors such as token frequency, phonological schemas, and morphological complexity is at work.
Źródło:
Yearbook of the Poznań Linguistic Meeting; 2017, 3, 1; 77-99
2449-7525
Pojawia się w:
Yearbook of the Poznań Linguistic Meeting
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparison of the results of spatial analyses performed in arcgis and qgis software
Autorzy:
Benduch, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101293.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
ArcGIS
QGIS
spatial analyses
comparison of results
Opis:
The geoinformation software market is becoming increasingly competitive. New improvements and tools are created, which are provided to the users with subsequent updates. Additionally, completely new software is appearing as well. Nevertheless, for the past several years, ArcGIS and QGIS have been the most popular software in Poland. There are many handbooks and manuals describing their possibilities. Both systems offer numerous functions. This does not mean, however, that the results of identical spatial analyses performed in ArcGIS and QGIS will be identical as well. The comparison of the results of such analyses performed on vector and raster data is the main objective of the conducted study. The research demonstrates, that selected analogical tools implemented in discussed systems provides different results especially in the range of spatial analyses performed on raster data.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2017, IV/3; 1887-1902
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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