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Tytuł:
Analysis of marine risers subjected to shoal/deep water in the installation process
Autorzy:
Wang, Yikun
Luo, Songxiang
Yang, Mo
Qin, Tao
Zhao, Jing
Yu, Gang
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32899597.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
sail catamaran
green shipping
zero emission
hybrid propulsion
Opis:
The dynamics of the installation process of marine risers subjected to shoal/deep seawater is studied. The riser is assumed to be a cantilevered Euler‒Bernoulli beam. The upper end of the riser is clamped on the vessel or the drilling platform. The lower end of the riser is connected to the Blowout Preventer Stack (BOPs) and Lower Marine Risers Package (LMRP). The lateral fluid forces induced by the sea wave and sea current are introduced into the governing equations of motion. The lateral displacement and stress distributions of the riser are obtained by solving the governing equation of the riser via Galerkin’s discretisation scheme and a fourth-order Runge‒Kutta algorithm. The results indicate that the riser exhibits different behaviours under various depths because of the different distributions of the flow velocity ranging from the sea surface to the seabed. In the case of shoal water, the dynamics of the riser are dominated by the sea wave, while in the case of deep water it is affected mainly by the sea current velocity and sea surface wind velocity.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2022, 2; 43-54
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sail catamaran with hybrid propulsion, design, theoretical and experimental studies
Autorzy:
Litwin, Wojciech
Piątek, Daniel
Leśniewski, Wojciech
Marszałkowski, Konrad
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32900237.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
sail catamaran
green shipping
zero emission
hybrid propulsion
Opis:
The development of modern lithium batteries and propulsion systems now allows the use of complex propulsion systems for vessels of various sizes. As part of the research and implementation project, a parallel hybrid drive system was designed, built and then tested in the laboratory. The experimental studies conducted allowed for the measurements of power, fuel consumption and electric power distribution in various operating modes of the propulsion system. The research proves that in the analysed case, the hybrid parallel system meets the demand for electric energy during a typical cruise scenario, and thus there is no need to install a power generator on the yacht.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2022, 2; 12-18
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Algorithm for solving the Discrete-Continuous Inspection Problem
Autorzy:
Grymin, R.
Bożejko, W.
Chaczko, Z.
Pempera, J.
Wodecki, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1403679.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
discrete-continuous optimization
UAV
VTOL
autonomous drone
zero emission
Opis:
The article introduces an innovative approch for the inspection challenge that represents a generalization of the classical Traveling Salesman Problem. Its priciple idea is to visit continuous areas (circles) in a way, that minimizes travelled distance. In practice, the problem can be defined as an issue of scheduling unmanned aerial vehicle which has discrete-continuous nature. In order to solve this problem the use of local search algorithms is proposed.
Źródło:
Archives of Control Sciences; 2020, 30, 4; 653-666
1230-2384
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Control Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Energy efficient and environmentally friendly hybrid conversion of inland passenger vessel
Autorzy:
Litwin, W.
Leśniewski, W.
Kowalski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/259006.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
ship propulsion
hybrid propulsion
green shipping
zero emission
solar power
Opis:
The development and growing availability of modern technologies, along with more and more severe environment protection standards which frequently take a form of legal regulations, are the reason why attempts are made to find a quiet and economical propulsion system not only for newly built watercraft units, but also for modernised ones. Correct selection of the propulsion and supply system for a given vessel affects significantly not only the energy efficiency of the propulsions system but also the environment – as this selection is crucial for the noise and exhaust emission levels. The paper presents results of experimental examination of ship power demand performed on a historic passenger ship of 25 m in length. Two variants, referred to as serial and parallel hybrid propulsion systems, were examined with respect to the maximum length of the single-day route covered by the ship. The recorded power demands and environmental impact were compared with those characteristic for the already installed conventional propulsion system. Taking into account a high safety level expected to be ensured on a passenger ship, the serial hybrid system was based on two electric motors working in parallel and supplied from two separate sets of batteries. This solution ensures higher reliability, along with relatively high energy efficiency. The results of the performed examination have revealed that the serial propulsion system is the least harmful to the environment, but its investment cost is the highest. In this context, the optimum solution for the ship owner seems to be a parallel hybrid system of diesel-electric type.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2017, 4; 77-84
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Możliwości wykorzystania destylatów alkoholowych jako paliwa opałowego
Possibilities of using alcohol distillates as heating fuel
Autorzy:
Basiura, Maciej
Żyjewska, Urszula
Siuda, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1834235.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Instytut Nafty i Gazu - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
alkohol
paliwo zeroemisyjne
biopaliwo opałowe
alcohol
zero-emission fuel
biofuel
Opis:
Growing demand for widely understood clean energy cause the search for zero-emission fuels (not increasing the amount of greenhouse gases emitted to the atmosphere). Undertaken in Europe and in the world initiatives in limiting the use of coal tend to use bioal- cohols as fuels and predict an increase of usage of this type of fuel. The article presents production technologies of selected alcohol mixtures. Raw materials, particular stages of production were characterized in the article. In addition, the possibility of using waste raw materials containing a lignocellulose complex for the production of ethyl alcohol was also presented. The structure of the lignocellulose complex, production stages and main problems of the ethanol production process from this type of raw materials were described. Attention was drawn to the ongoing research for methods to produce ethyl alcohol in chemical reactions (e.g. by using nanocatalysts), in which greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) are the substrate. An analysis of regulations and legal restrictions that may affect the possibility of using alcohol distillates (bioethanol, spirit, ethyl alcohol, methyl alcohol and mixtures thereof) for heating purposes was carried out. Since Poland is a member state of the European Union, the analysis considered national and EU regulations. In addition, ways of using alcohol distillates (ethyl alcohol, spirit, bioethanol) as a component for fuel mixtures or spontaneous fuel were presented. The combustion process of selected alcoholic distillates, with or without contaminants, was characterized. Emission factor for different emissions in the household sector depending on burned fuel were presented. Two groups of household appliances powered with alcohol fuel, currently available to consumers on the market, were distinguished. Their possibilities and limitations of use, functionality were described. In conclusions, the results of the analyses methods of alcoholic distillate production and legal provisions (national and EU) were summarized. In addition, the authors predict the positive impact of the production and usage of ethyl alcohol for heating purposes.
Źródło:
Nafta-Gaz; 2020, 76, 3; 186-191
0867-8871
Pojawia się w:
Nafta-Gaz
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Possibilities of using hydrogen buses in urban transport
Autorzy:
Kołodziejski, Marcin
Matuszak, Zbigniew
Żabińska, Iwona
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27313466.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
bus
hydrogen propellant
zero emission vehicle
autobus
paliwo wodorowe
pojazd bezemisyjny
Opis:
Purpose: The aim of this paper is to present the possibilities of using hydrogen buses in urban transport taking into account technological, economic and environmental conditions. Design/methodology/approach: Analysis of international literature, Polish literature and reports related to the development of alternative energy sources in vehicles and urban transport development. Findings: The Polish government to achieve the environmental requirements of the European Union obliges local government units to ensure the share of zero-emission buses in the fleet of vehicles in use. On the basis of the conducted analysis we can say that a significant advantage of hydrogen vehicles is the total lack of emissions, a long range of up to 350-400 km and short charging times. However, a significant problem is insufficient infrastructure - not enough hydrogen stations. Despite this difficulty, more and more manufacturers are interested in producing hydrogen vehicles, and investors are seriously considering the costs and benefits of zero-emission buses. Unfortunately, none of the economic analyses that have been commissioned by Polish companies providing transport services have shown the viability of using hydrogen buses. Originality/value: The paper shows the global trends in the development of city buses with particular attention to hydrogen buses.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska; 2022, 161; 53--64
1641-3466
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thermal modernization of building resources in line with the transformation towards a climate-neutral economy in Polish conditions
Autorzy:
Lis, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/29521080.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
zero emission building
zero energy building
decarbonization
energy transformation of buildings
thermal quality
thermal modernization
energy efficiency
EU policy assumptions
Opis:
The search for opportunities to save and use energy efficiently should primarily focus on sectors of the economy with the highest energy consumption. One such sector is construction. Buildings built in Poland in different periods according to the introduced and successively tightened thermal protection requirements have different energy characteristics, which differ from contemporary standards and future expectations in this respect. This article presents guidelines for the energy transformation of building resources towards climate neutrality and the condition of these resources in Poland to an extent relevant for estimating the energy savings potential as a result of their thermal modernization. The economic aspect relating to the implementation of the energy policy is also presented. Over the last twenty years, there has been a nearly 37% increase in final energy consumption and a close to 34% decrease in final energy intensity of gross domestic product (GDP) recorded in Poland, which proves that energy efficiency is growing virtually without increasing energy demand. Significant potential for rationalizing energy consumption is found, as well as the need to incur high costs relating to the construction sector transformation. The problem is the lack of databases on the technical condition, age, and energy performance of various groups of buildings, which means it is difficult to determine the thermal modernization needs and the achievable effects of energy savings for the entire building stock. Some inconveniences relating to the implementation of zero-emission guidelines are also pointed out due to the fact that the Polish energy system is largely based on fossil fuels.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2023, 76 (148); 5-16
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Clean gas technologies - towards zero-emission repowering of Pomerania
Autorzy:
Ziółkowski, P.
Badur, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/175502.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
clean gas technologies
clean coal technologies
zero emission
thermodynamic cycle
steam-gas turbine
oxy combustion
carbon capture storage
Opis:
In the paper a brief review of processes for energy conversion developed recently within the framework of clean gas te chnologies is presented, in cluding projects for future repowering of Pomerania. The main aim of this work is to show the diferent thermodynamcs cycles which improve efficiency and/or decrease emissions such as: Cheng cycle, Szewalski cycle, LOTHECO cycle, hybrid pSOFC/GT cycle, inverse Brayton cycle, low-emission cycle and zero-emission cycle. For that purpose,cycles and results of analysis are frst studied and, secondly, new concept is presented. The role of coupled analysis 0D and 3D in cycle's devices is also discussed.
Źródło:
Transactions of the Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery; 2012, 124; 51-80
0079-3205
Pojawia się w:
Transactions of the Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Maritime Green Solution for Traffic Congestion
Autorzy:
Petković, M.
Zubčić, M.
Krčum, M.
Vujović, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116659.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
marine traffic
traffic congestion
maritime green solution
zero emission transfer
port of split
green shipping
electric ship
electric catamaran
Opis:
Traffic congestion is a wide problem in many tourist destinations. Airports are usually distant from the city centers. Hence, road and rail traffic are widely used to connect airports and city centers. In this paper, we propose zero-emission solution for connection between airport and the center at the example of Croatian city Split. Since Split has become a popular tourist destination, the number of vehicles during summer season increases. As a measure to decrease air pollution, in this paper the marine traffic by electric vessels is proposed for the route Split – airport. Seven all-electrical vessels are presented with their technical characteristics. The idea is to have zero emission transfers by sea from the center of the Split to the airport. The criteria for minimum cruising speed is set to 13 knots, which ensures that one crossing takes 30 minutes and makes it competitive with other forms of transport.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2020, 14, 1; 97-103
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of the selection of chosen technical parameters of the powertrain system for a diesel-electric rail-road tractor
Autorzy:
Daszkiewicz, Paweł
Andrzejewski, Maciej
Medwid, Marian
Urbański, Patryk
Cierniewski, Maksymilian
Woch, Aleksandra
Stefańska, Natalia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2097541.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
rail-road tractor
electric drivetrain
zero emission
rail chassis
diesel-electric vehicle
ciągnik szynowo-drogowy
elektryczny układ napędowy
zeroemisyjność
podwozie szynowe
Opis:
The article presents the results of a simplified analysis of the feasibility of designing a rail chassis of a two-way tractor with an internal combustion or electric drive. Basic traction and operating parameters have been assumed for which the road-rail tractor could operate in an effective manner. On their basis, strength calculations were carried out and mechanical elements of the drive system meeting the required assumptions were selected. All the calculations presented in the text were fulfilled. The technical feasibility of building the mechanical part of the rail running gear of a rail-road tractor driven by an internal combustion engine or electric motors has been demonstrated.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2021, 60, 3; 64--71
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Development of the public infrastructure of EV charging stations in Poland
Autorzy:
Pawłowski, Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27313223.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
electromobility
electric vehicles
EV
EV charging station
zero-emission transport
sustainability
elektromobilność
pojazdy elektryczne
stacja ładowania pojazdów elektrycznych
transport zeroemisyjny
zrównoważony rozwój
Opis:
Purpose: The purpose of this article is to evaluate the development of the public EV charging station infrastructure in Poland, at the same time attempting to identify any dysfunctional areas of the process. Design/methodology/approach: A critical analysis of the domestic and foreign research outputs regarding the importance and development of public charging station infrastructures. An analysis of secondary data derived from statistics reports which show the level of development of the public charging station infrastructure in Poland in the 2019-2022 period. Findings: Based on the completed research it was found that the development of the public charging station infrastructure in Poland was quite dynamic. Nevertheless, an in-depth analysis of this direction of development makes it possible to identify potential problems and imperfections of that process. The most significant and accentuated problems include: (1) the disproportionately lower growth rate of the number of public charging stations in relation to the vehicle fleet electrification rate; (2) the dominating share of AC charging stations in the public charging station infrastructure, which offer a lower power level translating into longer vehicle charging times; (3) the uneven spatial distribution of the public charging station infrastructure. Practical implications: Being aware of the direction of development of the public charging station infrastructure is extremely important when it comes to formulating and implementing subsequent investment projects and business models on the market. Originality/value: Public charging station infrastructures - due to the relatively short history of operation - constitute a relatively new object of studies in economic sciences.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska; 2023, 169; 563--573
1641-3466
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Innowacyjne urządzenia transportowe z elektrycznym napędem akumulatorowym
Innovative transportation machines with electric battery drive
Autorzy:
Drwięga, A.
Polnik, B.
Kalita, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/199183.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniki Górniczej KOMAG
Tematy:
kolejki podwieszane
ciągniki podwieszane
napęd elektryczny
bateria akumulatora
układ BMS
transport kopalniany
zero-emisyjny
suspended monorails
suspended drivetrain
electric drive
pack of batteries
BMS system
mine transportation
zero emission
Opis:
W urządzeniach transportowych stosowanych w podziemiach kopalń węgla mają zastosowanie głównie napędy spalinowe. Posiadają one wady związane z emitowaniem ciepła oraz toksycznych spalin. Mając na uwadze potrzebę poprawy warunków pracy w podziemiach kopalń w ITG KOMAG opracowano elektryczne maszyny transportowe PCA-1 oraz GAD-1, poruszające się po trasie podwieszonej. Maszyny te są napędzane z baterii akumulatorów składającej się z ogniw litowo-jonowych, o względnie dużej gęstości energii. W artykule omówiono rozwiązania techniczne tych maszyn, omówiono aspekty energetyczne, zagadnienie rekuperacji energii i warunki jakie powinny być spełnione w celu zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa eksploatacji ogniw litowo-jonowych.
Diesel drives are mainly used in transportation machines operating in coal mines’ undergrounds. They have disadvantages associated with emission of heat and toxic exhaust gases. Taking into account the need to improve the work conditions in mines’ undergrounds, PCA-1 and GAD-1 electric transportation machines, which move on a suspended track, were developed at the KOMAG Institute of Mining Technology. These machines are driven by a pack of batteries, which consists of lithium-ion cells, of relatively high energy density. Technical solutions of these machines, energy aspects, energy recuperation and conditions that should be met to ensure safe use of lithium-ion cells are discussed.
Źródło:
Maszyny Górnicze; 2015, 33, 3; 36-44
0209-3693
2450-9442
Pojawia się w:
Maszyny Górnicze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Innovative Rail Freight Wagons – a Precondition to Increase the Market-Share of Rail Freight
Autorzy:
Hecht, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/223771.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
environmental friendliness
emission of CO2
costs
rail freight
quality of transportation
zero emission
innovation
loading space
fast transport
reliability
przyjazność dla środowiska
emisja CO2
transport kolejowy
jakość transportu
innowacja
przestrzeń ładunkowa
Opis:
Rail transport is a very important type of transport. Due to its environmentally friendly nature it is necessary to dedication him considerable attention. The article stated the need for the implementation of innovative solutions for wagons. This article presents precondition to increase market share of rail freight. Considerations that must be met by modern rail transport were presented in details. The main focus was on provide assumptions to implement innovative wagons and their areas of influence.
Źródło:
Archives of Transport; 2014, 29, 1; 17-26
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Halting climate change by achieving net-zero CO2 emissions with circular and renewable energy sources
Autorzy:
Staszewski, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2201995.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Centrum Rzeczoznawstwa Budowlanego Sp. z o.o.
Tematy:
environment
greenhouse gases
emissions
circular economy
waste
renewable energy sources
zero-emission economy
RES
środowisko
gazy cieplarniane
emisje
gospodarka o obiegu zamkniętym
odnawialne źródła energii
marnowanie zasobów
OZE
gospodarka zeroemisyjna
Opis:
This study analyses the role of the circular economy (CE) and renewable energy sources (RES) in bringing human activity to a climate-neutral state. At the same time, it was pointed out that achieving this neutrality allows to achieve a net-zero level of CO2 emissions, as well as significantly reduces the emission of other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. In order to more fully illustrate the issue of climate change inhibition adopted for analysis in this article, the basic concepts, characteristics of the essence of circular economy and individual types of RES were defined, and it was also shown that the use of these methods in broadly understood human activity is necessary to achieve zero net CO2 emissions, which creates opportunities to stop "extreme climate madness". The purpose of this article is to present the role of circular economy and renewable energy sources in achieving climate neutrality of human activity, as well as the influence of Putin's imperial policy on the course of this process.
Źródło:
Inżynieria Bezpieczeństwa Obiektów Antropogenicznych; 2023, 1; 61--69
2450-1859
2450-8721
Pojawia się w:
Inżynieria Bezpieczeństwa Obiektów Antropogenicznych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wykorzystanie analizy SWOT do wyznaczania sieci komunikacji miejskiej w Zamościu
SWOT analysis : a tool for determining the public transport network in Zamość
Autorzy:
Repeć, Renata
Rogowski, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/314299.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:
autobusy
komunikacja miejska
sieć komunikacyjna
analiza SWOT
MZK Zamość
elektromobilność
zeroemisyjność
niskoemisyjność
jednostka samorządu terytorialnego
buses
SWOT analysis
public transport
communication network
electromobility
zero emission
low-carbonity
local government unit
Opis:
Realizacja obowiązków wynikających z ustawy o elektromobilności i paliw alternatywnych, wymusza na jednostkach samorządu terytorialnego świadczenie usług przewozowych w publicznym transporcie zbiorowym z wykorzystaniem autobusów nisko-i zeroemisyjnych. Zamość, jako miasto o liczbie mieszkańców powyżej 50 000, jest zobligowane do zakupu taboru zeroemisyjnego, co wiąże się z analizą i reorganizacją sieci i wyborem ukształtowania nowych wiązek komunikacyjnych miasta. Pomimo posiadania przez MZK Zamość floty pojazdów niskoemisyjnych (zasilanych CNG), miasto musi dokonać zakupu odpowiedniej liczby autobusów zeroemisyjnych (np. e-busów). W artykule zaprezentowano za pomocą analizy SWOT mocne i słabe strony oraz szanse i zagrożenia wynikające z dostosowania sieci komunikacyjnej miasta Zamość do uwarunkowań prawnych dotyczących elektromobilności i niskoemisyjności autobusów.
The implementation of the obligations resulting from the Act on electromobility and alternative fuels forces local government units to provide transport services in public collective transport with the use of low- and zero-emission buses. Zamość, as a city with more than 50,000 inhabitants, is obliged to purchase zero-emission rolling stock, which is connected with the analysis of network reorganization and the choice of shaping new transport bundles in the city. Despite the fact that MZK Zamość owns a fleet of low-emission vehicles (powered by CNG), it is obliged to purchase an appropriate number of zero-emission buses (e.g. e-buses). The article presents by means of SWOT analysis the strengths and weaknesses as well as opportunities and threats resulting from the change in the adaptation of the transport network of the city of Zamość to the legal conditions concerning electromobility and low-carbon buses.
Źródło:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2019, 20, 6; 109-115
1509-5878
2450-7725
Pojawia się w:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 20

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