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Tytuł:
Odnowienia lasu a zageszczenie zwierzyny w lasach zagospodarowanych w gorach i na pogorzu
Autorzy:
Szukiel, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/823201.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
pozyskanie lowieckie
Cervidae
zgryzanie
jeleniowate
uszkodzenia drzew
zwierzeta lowne
lowiectwo
odnowienia lasu
lasy gorskie
lesnictwo
spalowanie
zageszczenie populacji
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2001, 145, 12; 5-17
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zmiany górnoreglowego drzewostanu świerkowego w Tatrzańskim Parku Narodowym w latach 1973?2002
Changes of a subalpine spruce forest in the Tatra National Park in 1973-2002
Autorzy:
Holeksa, J.
Krawczyk, B.
Skawiński, P.
Wesołowska, M.
Wika, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1015805.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
Tatrzanski Park Narodowy
miazszosc drzewostanow
zmiany struktury drzewostanu
drzewostany swierkowe
zageszczenie
struktura grubosci
regiel gorny
parki narodowe
lesnictwo
struktura drzewostanu
zamieranie drzew
plagiothecio−piceetum
stand structure
volume
equilibrium
Opis:
The paper presents nearly 30−year changes in the structure of a 160 ha subalpine spruce stand in the Tatra National Park that has been subjected to strict protection during last 50 years. In 1973 a regular network of 65 small 0.05 ha circular plots was established over the whole area. In 2002 diameter and height of trees were remeasured in 61 plots. Similar changes were recorded nearly in the whole forest area. The density of trees decreased and the stand volume increased considerably on most plots. At the same time the variability among plots in trees' number and volume decreased and in 2002 the stand became more homogenous in terms of both characteristics. The obtained results were compared to the suggestion of Korpeľ that subalpine spruce stands reach the equilibrium between decay and growth processes on the area of 70 ha. The investigated forest was far from such equilibrium in spite of its area being more than two times bigger than that suggested by Korpeľ.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2007, 151, 09; 29-40
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ekologiczne konsekwencje hodowli drzew w różnym zagęszczeniu I. Wzrost i rozwój drzewostanu
Ecological consequences of silviculture at variable stand densities. I. Stand growth and development
Autorzy:
Jagodziński, A.M.
Oleksyn, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1012013.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
wzrost drzewostanu
wiezba drzew
zageszczenie poczatkowe
drzewostany
lesnictwo
zageszczenie roslin
rozwoj drzewostanu
stand density
spacing
tree competition
tree biometry
stand growth and development
review
Opis:
The main goal of this review was to characterize ecological consequences of growing trees at variable stand densities. We found that the majority of studies were focused on biometry, productivity and mortality of trees, and wood quality and its economic value, while the influence of stand density on biomass allocation, abiotic and biotic factors, chemistry of different tree organs, diversity and biomass of understory plants, ecophysiology of trees and microclimate conditions (e.g. temperature, humidity, light conditions, etc.) were only occasionally addressed. Stand growth and development trajectories are clearly modified by stand density, however the strength of influence depends on the phase of stand development. Lower seedling densities in nursery conditions lead to increases in their height and diameter, thus influencing seedling quality used in afforestation. The positive influence of higher density on diameter and height of trees in younger stages of stand development may be a result of higher probability of seedlings being planted in more favorable microhabitats, improvement of microclimate conditions, earlier crown closure that reduces interspecific competition for nutrient and water resources. Moreover, stand density clearly influences branch diameter and length, and thus knot size. Higher stand density results in earlier crown closure and higher tree mortality, leading to vertical and horizontal changes in stand structure (DBH, height and crown dimensions of trees). In the denser stands slender and flexible trees with small, narrow crowns dominate, and most of the trees belong to the 3rd class according to Kraft' classification of tree social positions in the stand. The influence of stand density on stand structure may lead to changes in biomass partitioning and thus merchantable wood production and nutrient retention in particular tree organs.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2009, 153, 02; 75-85
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ekologiczne konsekwencje hodowli drzew w różnym zagęszczeniu II. Produkcja i alokacja biomasy, retencja biogenów
Ecological consequences of silviculture at variable stand densities. II. Biomass production and allocation, nutrient retention
Autorzy:
Jagodziński, A.M.
Oleksyn, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1011811.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
wiezba drzew
zageszczenie poczatkowe
mikroelementy
lesnictwo
skladniki pokarmowe
ekologia lasu
makroelementy
zageszczenie roslin
dostepnosc skladnikow pokarmowych
wymiana gazowa
drzewostany
biomasa
alokacja biomasy
stand density
spacing
tree competition
forest ecology
biomass allocation
nutrient retention
review
Opis:
The main goal of this review was to characterize ecological consequences of growing trees at variable stand densities. Increasing stand density results in rising competition among trees in their below− and above− ground parts, leads to changes in stand structure (DBH, height, crown width and length, crown ratio, tree slenderness, branch diameters and length) and thus modifies biomass partitioning and may influence stand productivity. Trees grown at higher density compete more intensely for limited resources such as space, light, water and nutrients, than in those grown at wider spacing. In general, total tree biomass accumulation is higher in more dense stands and in less dense stands a higher proportion of biomass is allocated to coarse roots. Moreover, stand density may alter foliage distribution within the crowns. For stands grown at higher tree density, leaf area index (LAI) may increase and thus influence stand productivity, however LAI is closely related to light requirements and succession status of the species. Because stand density may simultaneously modify macro− and micronutrient concentration in different tree tissues and biomass partitioning, it may lead to distinct changes in the nutrient balance of the forest ecosystem. For example, a considerable pool of stand mineral elements (including carbon) is allocated to roots that are not subjected to traditional stand management. Therefore, manipulation of stand density leading to higher biomass allocation to roots may increase carbon sequestration in forest ecosystems.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2009, 153, 03; 147-157
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ekologiczne konsekwencje hodowli drzew w różnym zagęszczeniu III. Stabilność drzewostanu, fitoklimat i różnorodność biologiczna
Ecological consequences of silviculture at variable stand densities. III. Stand stability, phytoclimate and biodiversity
Autorzy:
Jagodziński, A.M.
Oleksyn, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1011879.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
wiezba drzew
zageszczenie poczatkowe
drzewostany
roznorodnosc biologiczna
mikroklimat
lesnictwo
ekologia lasu
stabilnosc drzewostanu
zageszczenie roslin
stand density
spacing
tree competition
forest ecology
stand stability
microclimate
biodiversity
review
Opis:
The main goal of this review was to characterize ecological consequences of growing trees at variable stand densities. We analyzed the influence of stand density on its mechanical and biological stability, diversity and biomass of understory plants and microclimate conditions (e.g. temperature, humidity, light, etc.). Higher stand density results in higher susceptibility to wind and snow damage, due to changes in height to diameter ratio (tree slenderness). The mechanical stability of stands may be promoted by silvicultural activities such as light thinning applied before growth stagnation. In addition, the reduction of stand density during stand development may increase biomass allocation to coarse roots that stabilize trees in the soil. High tree density may increase stand susceptibility to pathogens and insects and thus increase tree mortality. Trees growing at higher density (with higher intraspecific competition) may allocate less assimilates for defense against herbivorous insects and pathogens. The effect of tree density on stability of multi−species stands is inconclusive, since such studies were only occasionally undertaken. Since tree density influences light conditions (mainly before canopy closure), there is a negative relationship between stand density and herbaceous species diversity and biomass. Based on the published data, we summarized consequences of silviculture at different stand densities and proposed future directions of research needed to fill the gaps in current knowledge. Understanding the long−term ecological consequences of variable stand densities is essential for development of sustainable and stable forest ecosystems.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2009, 153, 04; 219-230
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wieloletnia dynamika drzewostanów na dawnym zrębie kulisowym w warunkach ochrony ścisłej (Łysica, Góry Świętokrzyskie)
Long-term dynamics of forest stands on a former narrow strip clear cut under conditions of strict protection (Lysica, the Swietokrzyskie Mountains)
Autorzy:
Brzeziecki, B.
Janicki, S.
Wiech, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1008894.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
parki narodowe
Swietokrzyski Park Narodowy
obszary ochrony scislej
rezerwat Lysica
stale powierzchnie obserwacyjne
zrab kulisowy
drzewostany
dynamika drzewostanu
zmiany skladu gatunkowego
buk zwyczajny
Fagus sylvatica
jodla pospolita
Abies alba
swierk pospolity
Picea abies
klon jawor
Acer pseudoplatanus
zageszczenie drzew
rozwoj drzewostanu
stand dynamics
long−term study
narrow strip clear cut
european beech
norway spruce
silver fir
sycamore
strict protection
Opis:
Major results of the 45−year−long study on the dynamics of strictly protected forest stands, using 3 permanent study plots, 25×100 m each, located on a former narrow strip clear cut established in the beginning of the 20th century on the northern slopes of the Mt. Łysica (the Świętokrzyskie Mountains, Central Poland) are presented. The general development of forest stands is analysed, including change of overall density, tree mortality rate (general and by species), dynamics of basal area and average tree diameter, competitive ability as well as changing role of particular species (mainly European beech, silver fir, sycamore and Norway spruce) in formation of the general stand structure. The results of the study are compared with other investigations of similar type.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2011, 155, 08; 518-529
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zróżnicowanie przestrzenne i grubościowe drzew w niepielęgnowanych drzewostanach sosnowych o różnym zagęszczeniu początkowym
Spatial and size diversity of trees in untended pine stands of different initial density
Autorzy:
Szmyt, J.
Ceitel, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/973726.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
hodowla lasu
drzewostany sosnowe
sosna zwyczajna
Pinus sylvestris
pozycja biosocjalna drzew
leśnictwo
drzewa leśne
zagęszczenie początkowe
drzewostany niepielęgnowane
zróżnicowanie przestrzenne
pierśnice drzew
zróżnicowanie strukturalne
wskaźnik skupiskowości CE
wskaźnik przestrzennego zróżnicowania grubości drzew
spatial distribution
biosocial classes
size differentiation
initial density
Scots pine
Opis:
Paper presents the analysis of spatial distribution as well as spatial diversity of DBH of living trees and trees of different biosocial class in 34 year old pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands of different initial densitiy. The following indices were applied: CE index (spatial distribution) and TD (spatial diversity of diameters). Living trees were distributed regularly in all analysed stands. The lower initial density, the more evenly trees were spaced. Taking into consideration the biosocial position of trees it can be stated that regularity was observed only in case of dominant trees (II Kraft's class). Trees of the other social classes were mostly randomly scattered. Groups of trees were never observed. Analysed pine stands showed small spatial diversity of diameters between nearest neighbors, both in case of living trees and trees of different social classes. The lowest diversity was observed in case of neighbors from predominand and codominant Kraft's class.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2011, 155, 11; 749-759
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dynamika naturalnych faz rozwojowych drzewostanów w Białowieskim Parku Narodowym
Dynamics of the natural development phases of stands in the Bialowieski National Park
Autorzy:
Miścicki, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1008733.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
parki narodowe
Bialowieski Park Narodowy
drzewostany
las naturalny
fazy rozwojowe
zasobnosc drzewostanu
zageszczenie drzew
odnowienia lasu
przyrost miazszosci
przyrost biezacy
dynamika drzewostanu
natural forest
regeneration
sample plot
standing volume
change
Opis:
The aim of the research was to determine the current changes occurring in the natural forest using the classification based on the natural phases of stand development. The oldest part of the Białowieski National Park, formerly known as the Strict Reserve, was the object of the study. Material was collected from temporary sample plots (460 ones both in 1995 and 2005) and 160 permanent sample plots (in the years 2000, 2002 and 2004). Leibundgut’s classification was used to determine the natural development phases. All of them occurred in the Białowieski National Park in variable proportions, and this structure changed during the study period. They differed in terms of standing volume, tree density, total tree height of regeneration, current volume increment, losses and changes in standing volume. The regeneration of stands preceded in four different ways – in open areas, under the overstory of reduced closure, in small gaps or continuously when replacing separate dead trees.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2012, 156, 08; 616-626
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wieloletnia dynamika starodrzewów w zagospodarowanej części Puszczy Białowieskiej: gatunki ekspansywne i ustępujące
Long-term dynamics of old-growth stands in the managed part of the Bialowieza Forest: increasing and declining tree species
Autorzy:
Drozdowski, S.
Brzeziecki, B.
Żybura, H.
Żybura, B.
Gawron, L.
Buraczyk, W.
Zajączkowski, J.
Bolibok, L.
Szeligowski, H.
Bielak, K.
Widawska, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1008501.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
Puszcza Bialowieska
starodrzew
dynamika drzewostanu
drzewa lesne
swierk
grab
jesion
olsza
dab
lipa
brzoza
klon
sosna
wiaz
zageszczenie drzew
piersnicowe pole przekroju
piersnice drzew
gatunki ekspansywne
gatunki ustepujace
stale powierzchnie obserwacyjne
badania dlugoterminowe
old−growth forest
permanent plot
long−term trend
population density
population dynamics
tree species
Opis:
In the paper, an assessment of tree population dynamics in the old−growth stands of the managed part of the Białowieża Forest is presented. Data from five permanent sample plots with a total size of 9.3 ha and six inventories that cover the period 1949−2006, were used. Depending on the dynamic status, determined on the basis of changes in a number of individuals per hectare, basal area and quadratic mean diameter, three major groups of tree species were distinguished: 1) an increasing group, containing only hornbeam and lime; 2) a stable group, involving alder and spruce and 3) a declining group consisting of oak, ash, maple, pine, birch, elm and aspen.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2012, 156, 09; 663-671
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Określanie miąższości i zagęszczenia drzew w drzewostanach centralnej Polski na podstawie danych lotniczego skanowania laserowego w dwufazowej metodzie inwentaryzacji zasobów drzewnych
A two-phase inventory method for calculating standing volume and tree-density of forest stands in central Poland based on airborne laser-scanning data
Autorzy:
Miścicki, S.
Stereńczak, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1318835.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
lesnictwo
Polska Centralna
drzewostany
zasoby drzewne
inwentaryzacja
lotniczy skaning laserowy
drzewa lesne
miazszosc drzew
zageszczenie drzew
wysokosciowy model korony
centroid
ground-based data
forest inventory
scaling
airborne ceiling
Crown Height Model
Opis:
This paper describes a method of determining the stocking density and volume of forest stands based on airborne laser-scanning data. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between ground-based measurements of standing volume and tree-density, and those acquired based on the Crown Height Model (CHM) interpolated from airborne laser-scanning data. Data were collected from 34 sample plots of two sizes for the CHM analysis: 500 m2 (radius 12.61 m) and 1963.5 m2 (radius of 25.0 m): Trees for sampling were selected using two methods, those whose “centroid” was fully within the sample plot (the tree was considered to be within the sample plot if the centroid of the crown was inside the circle) and those at the “border” (the tree was included in the sample plot if, at least, one part of the contour of the crown was inside the circle). There was a strong relationship (R2 = 0.86) between standing volume measured in sample plots on the ground and the indices produced by the crown elevation model at the locations where the ground-based measurements were performed.
Źródło:
Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2013, 74, 2; 127-136
1732-9442
2082-8926
Pojawia się w:
Leśne Prace Badawcze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Określenie zagęszczenia drzewostanów z wykorzystaniem danych z lotniczego skanowania laserowego
Determination of stand density using data from airborne laser scanning
Autorzy:
Stereńczak, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/994409.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
drzewostany gospodarcze
drzewostany sosnowe
drzewostany mieszane
inwentaryzacja
zageszczenie drzew
lotniczy skaning laserowy
wysokosciowy model korony
segementacja drzewostanu
forestry
segmentation
chm
accuracy
Opis:
Airborne laser scanning (ALS) technology allows collecting data describing top forest layer in a very accurate way. This provides a possibility to generate crown height models (CHM) with resolution in which single tree crowns can be detected. In presented study highly automatic algorithm for single tree detection is presented. FALCON II ALS acquired data in Forest Experimental Station in Rogów (central Poland). Data used for algorithm accuracy evaluation were acquired by measuring sample plots on VSD photogrammetric station. CHM with the resolution of 0.5 m has been used in the presented research. Algorithm, in automatic or semi−automatic way, defines single crowns. Each of the end segments was additionally processed for correctly defined size and area of the crown projection. Received accuracy of correctly detected trees was 69% for all samples (71% for pine stands and 61% mixed stands) in automatic method and 74% (78% and 65% respectively) in semi−automatic method.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2013, 157, 08; 607-617
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zagęszczenie i dynamika procesu wydzielania drzew w młodocianych drzewostanach brzozowych na gruntach porolnych
Stand density and self-thinning dynamics in young birch stands on post-agricultural lands
Autorzy:
Socha, J.
Zasada, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/991052.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
grunty porolne
uprawy lesne
drzewostany brzozowe
drzewostany mlode
zageszczenie drzew
wydzielanie sie drzew
self−thinning
silver birch
abandoned farmlands
stochastic frontier function
quantile regression
Opis:
The study describes allometric relationships between stand density and tree dimensions in birch stands on post−agricultural lands. The research material consisted of measurements carried out on 120 sample plots located in birch stands on post−agricultural lands of Central Poland. The investigated relationship was analyzed using ordinary least squares (OLS), dynamical formulation of allometric function (DFA), stochastic frontier production function (SFF) as well as quantile regression (QR) methods. Similar effects of modeling maximum density were obtained as a result of applying FFP and QR methods with 0.9 quantile. SFF was found to be the most adequate method for modeling maximum density.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2014, 158, 05; 340-351
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ zagęszczenia na wzrost i jakość hodowlaną sosny w odnowieniach naturalnych
Effect of density on growth and silvicultural value of Scots pine in natural regeneration
Autorzy:
Tarasiuk, S.
Kopeć, K.
Drozdowski, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/973324.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
hodowla lasu
odnowienia naturalne
naloty
sosna zwyczajna
Pinus sylvestris
leśnictwo
młodniki
wzrost roślin
zagęszczenie drzew
przyrost wysokości
jakość hodowlana
scots pine
natural regeneration
stand tending
tree height
silvicultural quality
biotic and abiotic damage
Opis:
The paper was aimed at determination of the effect of different tree density in the naturally regenerated monotypic and even aged young Scots pine stands growing in the fresh coniferous or mixed fresh coniferous forest sites on their further development. Research was carried out in Nowa Dęba Forest District (south−eastern Poland). A total of 12 research plots (160×40 m) were established in the selected stands. Plots were divided into 4 equal square pieces (40×40 m), where different methods of tending were applied (variant A – control, variant B – thinned, leaving 16 thousand trees/ha, variant C – thinned, leaving 10 thousand trees/ha, variant D – thinned, leaving 6 thousand trees/ha). The thinning was carried out in April 2007. In subsequent years (2007−2010), selected elements of stand structure like: height, height increment, density and damage resulting from abiotic and biotic factors were determined. Tree density significantly influenced both height increment and qualitative (tree shape) characteristics of naturally regenerated young pine trees. In the course of early thinnings, the number of trees needs to be reduced approximately down to the 10−16 th. stems/ha in the first stage of growth (seedlings), and further down to about 6 th./ha in the coppice stage. Such density enhances the chance of good growth and silvicultural quality of the stand. Noteworthy, even the heavy thinning does not significantly impact the actual proportion of both biotic (e.g. ungulate browsing) and abiotic (e.g. heavy snow) damage in the young naturally regenerated Scots pine forest stands.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2015, 159, 12; 989-996
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ sposobu postępowania z pozostałościami zrębowymi i przygotowania gleby na zrębie na wzrost sosny zwyczajnej (Pinus sylvestris L.) w 6-letniej uprawie
Effects of logging slash management methods and soil preparation methods on the clear-cut on growth of 6-year-old Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stand
Autorzy:
Żybura, H.
Aleksandrowicz-Trzcińska, M.
Drozdowski, S.
Wołczyk, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989272.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
zreby
pozostalosci zrebowe
postepowanie z pozostalosciami zrebowymi
przygotowanie gleby
odnowienia lasu
odnowienia przez sadzenie
sosna zwyczajna
Pinus sylvestris
uprawy sosnowe
wzrost roslin
przezywalnosc
zageszczenie drzew
logging slash
planting
scots pine
soil preparation
Opis:
Different methods of logging slash management (LSM) and methods of soil preparation (MSP) can create different conditions for the growth of forest trees. This occurs through variation in soil aeration, tree nutrition or microbial conditions. These factors are modified by climate, soil fertility, treats from insects or fungal pathogens and renewed species. The aim of this study was to compare effects of three LSM methods: 1) crushing and mixing with the soil by Mery Crusher, 2) chopping and leaving on the soil surface, and 3) removal from the clear−cut, and three MSP: 1) double−mouldboard forest plough LPz−75, 2) active plough U−162, and 3) forest mill FAO−FAR FV 4088 on biometric parameters, density and survival of six−years old Scots pine seedlings. Field research was conducted in Narol Forest District (south−eastern Poland). The soil in the study area was classified as brown podzolic, formed on loose sands with typical mor humus.The experiment was established by planting 10 000 one−year−old pine seedlings per hectare, after clear cut and followed by a two−factor block design consisting of nine variants distinguished on the basis of LSM and MSP randomly assigned to each of the three blocks. Tree height and root collar diameter were measured three times, at the end of 1st, 3rd and 6th growing season. The results showed no statistically significant differences in the size of the analyzed parameters of planted seedlings. Seedlings in the variant with site preparation by crusher and forest mill were slightly higher and thicker. This indicates the better trophic conditions in that variant. LSM did not affect either seedlings density or their survival. A slightly higher survival rate and tree density occurred in variants with crusher regardless of soil preparation method. It follows that, all presented experimental variants give similar results. Therefore, selection of the most appropriate methods of site and soil preparation should primarily respect ecological and economic indicators, and such local factors as microclimate, mainly precipitation, site fertility and threats from pests and fungal diseases.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2016, 160, 04; 267-276
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zależność wybranych cech drzewostanów od położenia nad poziomem morza na przykładzie Parku Narodowego Gór Stołowych
Dependence of selected stand characteristics on the elevation on the example of the Stolowe Mountains National Park
Autorzy:
Miścicki, S.
Szneidrowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989003.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
lasy gorskie
Park Narodowy Gor Stolowych
dynamika drzewostanu
miazszosc drzew
miazszosc drewna
zasobnosc drzewostanu
zageszczenie drzew
przyrost miazszosci
czynniki siedliska
wysokosc nad poziomem morza
current volume increment
elevation zone
forest renewal
net changes in standing volume
tree density
Opis:
The elevation is used to illustrate the differences in the structure and growth of mountain forests. The aim of the study was to determine (1) whether the characteristics used to describe the condition and structure of forest stands under protection status (volume of merchantable timber, tree density, total height of trees in the regeneration layer, volume of dead stems, current annual volume increment, volume of dead trees, periodic changes in standing volume) change at the same rate along with the elevation, and (2) whether in mountains without upper montane zone, the values of the selected characteristics of stands located in the highest elevation zone decrease at a low rate with elevation and are comparable to the stands at the same elevation in higher mountains ranges. The study was located at an elevation of 400−909 m a.s.l. in the Stołowe Mountains National Park (PNGS; SW Poland). We used data from the measurements performed in 2009 and 2014 on 358 permanent sample plots. Plots were assigned to one of five elevation zones of 100 m a.s.l. We assumed that the characteristic value decreased with the increase in the elevation, and that such change was the same for all stand characteristics. This hypothesis was verified using the ANOVA for the repeated samples. The calculations were based on standardized values of the characteristics measured on individual sample plots. The higher above sea level the plot was located, the greater share of spruce in the stand (fig. 1). The standing volume (fig. 2), trees density (fig. 3) and current annual volume increment (fig. 6) decreased with elevation, while the volume of dead stems (fig. 4) increased. The net changes in standing volume (fig. 8) were the smallest in the stands located at the lowest and at the highest zone (400−499 and 800−909 m a.s.l.). No significant relationship was found between the total height of trees in the regeneration layer (fig. 5) or the volume of dead trees in the period 2009−2014 (fig. 7) and the elevation. Individual characteristics differed in the rate of changes of their values with elevation (fig. 9). The structure of stands growing at the highest elevation was the most variable. These stands were rather a substitute for the upper montane zone forests. The rate of the observed decrease of the volume of merchantable timber, tree density and current volume increment in the stands of PNGS was higher than in other forests in the Polish mountains.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2017, 161, 02; 131-141
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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