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    Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2
    Tytuł:
    Testing the Limits of Anaphoric Distance in Classical Arabic: a Corpus-Based Study
    Autorzy:
    Jarbou, Samir O.
    Migdadi, Fathi
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/969625.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012-12-01
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    anaphora
    anaphoric distance
    word boundaries
    Classical Arabic
    Ariel's Accessibility Scale
    Opis:
    One of the central aims in research on anaphora is to discover the factors that determine the choice of referential expressions in discourse. Ariel (1988; 2001) offers an Accessibility Scale where referential expressions, including demonstratives, are categorized according to the values of anaphoric (i.e. textual) distance that each of these has in relation to its antecedent. The aim of this paper is to test Ariel’s (1988; 1990; 2001) claim that the choice to use proximal or distal anaphors is mainly determined by anaphoric distance. This claim is investigated in relation to singular demonstratives in a corpus of Classical Arabic (CA) prose texts by using word count to measure anaphoric distance. Results indicate that anaphoric distance cannot be taken as a consistent or reliable determinant of how anaphors are used in CA, and so Ariel’s claim is not supported by the results of this study. This also indicates that the universality of anaphoric distance, as a criterion of accessibility, is defied.
    Źródło:
    Research in Language; 2012, 10, 4; 423-444
    1731-7533
    Pojawia się w:
    Research in Language
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    French Learners of L2 English: Intonation Boundaries and the Marking of Lexical Stress
    Autorzy:
    Horgues, Celine
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/620766.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013-03-01
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    French-accented English
    prosody
    word stress
    intonational boundaries
    Opis:
    In English, prosodic parameters play a major role at two main levels. First, they indicate the intonation at the level of the utterance by marking the distinction between sentence types (statements vs questions) and they are related - although more or less directly- to the informational and grammatical structures of the utterance. Secondly, prosodic cues also contribute to marking the stress pattern at the level of the word (word stress or lexical stress). Even if it is useful to dissociate these two levels theoretically, when looking at their phonetic implementation in an utterance, it soon appears that the exact same prosodic cues are used (namely fundamental frequency, duration, and intensity). Contrary to what happens in tone languages, there is no pre-set prosodic configuration attached to each word in English. Yet, words in discourse retain a relative accentual independence even though the exact prosodic implementation of word stress depends on the specific intonational context expressed in a given utterance (Pierrehumbert, 1980). In French, stress pertains to the level of the group of words rather than to the individual word, which has no real accentual autonomy. Therefore, it is not surprising that French learners of English are faced with a major challenge: how to ensure the marking of lexical stress while, at the same time, using the same prosodic cues to indicate the intonational structure of the utterance. My hypothesis is that some intonational contexts impose a bigger constraint on French learners of English than others. These particularly challenging contexts are the final position at the boundary of non-final clause, or the boundary of a rising interrogative. Other contexts, like the quotation form or the final position of a statement, are less challenging for the intonational marking of lexical stress. To test my hypothesis, I collected passages of read speech by thirteen upper intermediate/advanced French learners of English along with the same passage read by ten native English speakers. Two trisyllabics carrying primary stress on the second syllable (com'puter, pro'tection) were placed in a series of intonational contexts under observation. The test-words were then extracted and submitted to native English listeners. The perceptual results show that the predicted ‘challenging’ contexts indeed caused substantial instability in the learners’ placement of lexical stress as perceived by native English listeners.
    Źródło:
    Research in Language; 2013, 11, 1; 41-56
    1731-7533
    Pojawia się w:
    Research in Language
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2

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