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    Tytuł:
    Dynamika procesu zamierania drzew w Sudetach w latach 2002-2018
    Dynamics of tree mortality in the Sudety Mts. in years 2002-2018
    Autorzy:
    Bruchwald, A.
    Dmyterko, E.
    Mionskowski, M.
    Wrzesiński, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985747.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Sudety
    drzewa lesne
    zamieranie drzew
    zlomy
    wywroty
    drewno pokleskowe
    posusz
    lata 2002-2018
    gatunki lasotworcze
    swierk
    modrzew
    buk
    jodla
    daglezja
    przyrosty radialne
    wiek drzew
    damage caused by drought and wind
    volume of deadwood
    wind−broken and wind−fallen trees
    radial growth
    Opis:
    The aim of the study was to present two issues concerning forests in the Sudety Mts. (SW Poland): 1) the process of tree mortality in individual years in the period between 2002 and 2018, as well as 2) the analysis of the radial growth of the main tree species (i.e. spruce, larch, beech, fir and Douglas fir). The intensity of the process of tree mortality is evidenced by the volume of wind−broken or wind−fallen trees and deadwood. The record volume of post−hurricane wood was harvested after the hurricane ‘Cyril’ (January 2007). The volume of wood removed in 2007−2008 amounted to 1.4 million m3. Quite a high share of wind−broken and wind−fallen trees in the volume of harvested wood raw material concerned the years 2002, 2003, 2006, 2008 and 2018. In the latter year, the damage was caused by the hurricane ‘Grzegorz’. The record removal of deadwood occurred in 2016 following an exceptionally severe drought in the 2015 growing season. The high volume of deadwood in 2017 and 2018 was augmented by quite a high volume of wind−broken and wind−fallen trees. Spruce and larch showed the strongest response to severe drought in 2015 by lowering the increment in diameter and producing a narrow layer of latewood, while the response of beech and Douglas fir was the slightest. No such response was found in fir. The main tree species in the Sudetes is spruce, which quickly disappears from this area. It is necessary to look for such species of trees that might replace spruce, i.e. species more suitable to changing climatic conditions, such as beech, oak, ash, sycamore, pine and larch – but also fir and Douglas fir. The latter two species show a high tolerance to changing climatic conditions, and a high potential in the production of wood.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2019, 163, 12; 969-979
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ocena szkód w lasach Polski spowodowanych przez huragan w sierpniu 2017 roku
    Assessment of the damage to Polish forests caused by a hurricane in August 2017
    Autorzy:
    Dmyterko, E.
    Bruchwald, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/978974.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    wind−caused damage
    risk model
    stand growth model
    allowable cut
    Opis:
    On August 11−12, 2017, a hurricane passed from south to north of Poland causing considerable damage to forests, especially in regional directorates of the State Forests in Wrocław, Poznań, Toruń, Szczecinek and Gdańsk. By the end of 2018, the volume of wind−broken and wind−fallen trees and deadwood approximated to 9 million m3. In 9 forest districts the harvested volume exceeded 440 thousand m3, including two entities with over 1 million m3 each. The harvested volume was expressed as a percentage of allowable cut, calculated from the stand growth model. It showed possibile timber harvest in final and intermediate cuts in the absence of natural disasters (strong wind, intense drought, heavy snowfall, insect outbreaks, etc.). In many forest districts, timber harvest accounted for 100% of the allowable cut, with the maximum value approximated to 1100% of the allowable cut. The high salvage harvest of post−hurricane timber prevents the execution of other economic tasks, including plans of stand rebuilding. On the example of forest districts with the largest damage, the possibilities of selecting forests classified as the most threatened by wind were examined. The wind damage risk model for the stand was used to determine the value of wind damage risk factor Wr for each stand (values from 0 to 3; the higher value, the higher risk). The damage risk factor allowed to create six damage risk classes of a span of 0.5 each and to assign individual stands to one of the damage classes. The share of the area of stands and damaged stands in Wr classes was also determined. In the Lipusz Forest District the share of stands in VI class of Wr was 9.8%, and the area of damaged stands in this class was 98.3%. In the Rytel and Przymuszewo forest districts, the areal share of such stands was 10.7% and 5.1%, respectively, and almost all stands in this class were damaged by the hurricane. The areal share of forests in the highest Wr class was reported in the Gniezno Forest District accounting for 4.8% and the hurricane damaged 85% of their area. The wind damage risk model for the stand allows to identify forests where damage is very likely to occur. It is, therefore, possible to take action on the rebuilding of stands before the wind comes and thus reduce its negative effects. The cutting plan should include, in the first place, stands classified to the high wind damage risk factor.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2020, 164, 05; 355-364
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zmiany zachodzące w lasach Ziemi Kłodzkiej w latach 2001-2017
    Changes in the forests of the Kłodzko Region in years 2001-2017
    Autorzy:
    Dmyterko, E.
    Bruchwald, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985721.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Ziemia Klodzka
    lasy
    sklad gatunkowy
    zmiany skladu gatunkowego
    klasy wieku
    struktura drzewostanu
    pozyskiwanie drewna
    zlomy
    wykroty
    posusz
    miazszosc surowca drzewnego
    zmiany w drzewostanach
    dynamika zmian
    zagrozenia drzewostanow
    lata 2001-2017
    species composition
    stand age structure
    timber harvest
    damage caused by wind and drought
    stand
    growth model
    Opis:
    The aim of the study was to assess the changes occurring in the forests of the Kłodzko Region in the recent period (2001−2017), with particular emphasis on the species composition of the stands, their share in age classes and the structure of harvested timber, including live trees, deadwood, wind−broken and wind−fallen trees. The Kłodzko Region located in the Sudety Mountains (SW Poland) covers the forests of four forest districts: Lądek−Zdrój, Międzylesie, Bystrzyca Kłodzka and Zdroje. The declining share of spruce stands (from 83.5% in 2001 to 75.5% in 2017) and the increasing share of beech and larch as well as sycamore stands indicate that these forests are systematically rebuilt. The average age of the stands is very high (81 years). The share of young (<20 years old ) stands is low (only 5%), while those older than 100 years constitute about 35%. The 21st century saw a serious damage to the investigated forests caused by frequent strong winds and long−lasting droughts in the growing seasons. The three hurricanes that took place in the analysed period were the cause of the removal of 1.1 million m3 of timber in the form of wind−broken and wind−fallen trees. The drought in the growing season in 2015 resulted in the salvage harvest of deadwood with a total volume of 1.6 million m3, which corresponds to the volume of four annual allowable cuts determined for the undisturbed growth conditions of trees in the area under research. Using the wind damage risk model, the threat measure Ms reaching a value of above 40 was calculated for the forests of the Kłodzko Region, which are currently among the most threatened in Poland. This threat results mainly from the high share of spruce stands in older age classes with high average height and gaps after previous hurricanes as well as from a large area of stands located at high elevations.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2019, 163, 08; 675-684
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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