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Tytuł:
Assessment of energy resources of Polish Baltic Sea areas
Ocena zasobów energetycznych polskich obszarów Morza Bałtyckiego
Autorzy:
Kałas, M.
Piotrowski, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/111479.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Morski w Gdańsku
Tematy:
renewable energy resources
wind
wave motion
water flows
polish marine areas of the Baltic Sea
zasoby energii odnawialnej
wiatr
falowanie
przepływy wody
polskie obszary morskie na Bałtyku
Opis:
The article presents spatial characteristics of energy fluxes recorded in the area of the Polish Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) in the four-year period of 2013–16. Data presented in this work are based on results of forecast calculations with application of numerical models of the atmosphere (HIRLAM) and sea (WAM and HIROMB). Conducted analyses were concerned with dynamics of physical phenomena above the sea surface (wind), on its surface (wind waves motion), and in its near-surface layer up to 4 m (seawater flows). Physical energy resources connected with these processes for subsequent four years were computed and compared with the amount of annual electricity output generated by conventional and renewable sources of energy. Such an analysis of estimated energy resources reveals that the resource are highly differentiated in terms of space and in individual years, and significantly exceed the annual production of Polish power plants.
Praca przedstawia charakterystykę rozkładów przestrzennych strumieni energii, jakie w latach 2013–16 związane były z obszarem polskiej strefy odpowiedzialności na Bałtyku (EEZ). Przedstawione dane uzyskano korzystając z wyników obliczeń prognostycznych operacyjnych modeli numerycznych: atmosfery (HIRLAM) oraz morza (WAM i HIROMB). Wykonane analizy dotyczyły dynamiki zjawisk fizycznych nad powierzchnią morza - wiatru, na jego powierzchni - falowania wiatrowego oraz w jego przypowierzchniowej warstwie (do 4 m) – przepływów wody. Oszacowano fizyczne zasoby energii związane z wymienionymi procesami dla czterech kolejnych lat i porównano je z wielkościami rocznej produkcji energii elektrycznej ze źródeł konwencjonalnych i odnawialnych. Analiza tak otrzymanych wielkości pokazuje, że zasoby energii są znacząco zróżnicowane przestrzennie jak i w poszczególnych latach i znacząco przewyższają możliwości produkcyjne polskich elektrowni.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Instytutu Morskiego w Gdańsku; 2017, 32, 1; 93-105
1230-7424
2450-5536
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Instytutu Morskiego w Gdańsku
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Computation of energy for diapycnal mixing in the Baltic Sea due to internal wave drag acting on wind-driven barotropic currents
Autorzy:
Nohr, C.
Gustafsson, B.G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48609.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
Baltic Sea
North Sea
barotropic motion
computation
deep water
halocline
internal wave
saline water
sea level
seasonal thermocline
shallow water
stratification
surface area
turbulent mixing
water exchange
wind force
Opis:
The pathways of energy supply for mixing the deep waters of the Baltic Sea is largely unknown. In this paper, a parameterization of the internal wave drag forces on barotropic motion is developed and implemented into a two-dimensional shallow water model of the Baltic Sea. The model is validated against observed sea levels. The dissipation of barotropic motion by internal wave drag that is quantified from the model results show that breaking internal waves generated by wind forced barotropic motions can contribute significantly to diapycnal mixing in the deep water of the Baltic Sea.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2009, 51, 4
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Energy-saving technologies with the use of water treated in magnetic fields
Ehnergosberegajushhie tekhnologii s ispolzovaniem vody, obrabotannojj v magnitnykh poljakh
Autorzy:
Zhuravska, N.
Malkin, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/791998.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Komisja Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Tematy:
water structure
magnetic field
magnetized water
wave motion
water processing
energy saving
Źródło:
Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa; 2016, 16, 4
1641-7739
Pojawia się w:
Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Initial boundary value problems for vortex motion of an ideal fluid in bounded domains
Autorzy:
Szmidt, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/241010.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Budownictwa Wodnego PAN
Tematy:
vortex motion
incompressible perfect fluid
bounded domains
boundary value problems
water wave
Opis:
The paper deals with the problem of vortex motion of an incompressible perfect fluid in bounded domains. The research is confined to chosen cases of steady velocity fields within rectangular, circular and elliptic regions with rigid boundaries. The solution to the initial-value problem of the fluid flow for the assumed velocity fields is the primary object of this paper. It is demonstrated that individual particles of the fluid have their own periods of motion and thus, one should be careful in describing such problems by means of discrete methods, especially in the Lagrangian variables. The problem discussed has its origin in numerical analysis of water waves by means of the finite difference or the finite element method.
Źródło:
Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics; 2001, 48, 1; 19-33
1231-3726
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Life tests of a rotary single-stage magnetic-fluid seal for shipbuilding applications
Autorzy:
Matuszewski, L.
Szydło, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/258558.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
shaft sealing
magnetic fluid
utility water
seal durability
critical pressure
critical motion velocity
Opis:
Use of the magnetic fluid seal technology in water is much more difficult technological problem in comparison to gas or vacuum environment. Some seals constructed up to time been are designed as hybrid, two stage sealing structures with shields or mechanical seals used as protection measures to the magnetic fluid seal. Anyway, there is always problem with immediate contact between magnetic fluid and the environmental liquid. In the paper are presented results of experiments carried out with one stage rotating magnetic fluid seal operating in immediate contact with utility water. The special test procedures have been elaborated and practically used, with the aim to define main characteristics of magnetic fluid seals and to simplify experiments. These characteristics were: critical pressure, critical motion velocity and working life of the seal. Four grades of commercial, silicon based magnetic fluids of hydrophobic properties were tested in a single stage sealing system. The results of tests are presented in the form of tables and diagrams. It is concluded that hydrophobic commercial magnetic fluids could be efficiently used in rotating shaft seals however in a limited range of motion velocity.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2011, 2; 51-59
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Methodology for measurement the energy efficiency involving solar heating systems using stochastic modelling
Autorzy:
Menita, B. G.
Medeiros, G. P.
Domingos, J. L.
Domingues, E. G.
Alves, A. J.
Faria, A. F.
Miguel, M. L. S.
Calixto, W. P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/136254.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
EEEIC International Barbara Leonowicz Szabłowska
Tematy:
energy efficiency
geometric brownian motion
Monte Carlo simulation
performance measurement
verification
solar water heating
Opis:
The purpose of the present study is to evaluate gains through measurement and verification methodology adapted from the International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol, from case studies involving Energy Efficiency Projects in the Goias State, Brazil. This paper also presents the stochastic modelling for the generation of future scenarios of electricity saving resulted by these Energy Efficiency Projects. The model is developed by using the Geometric Brownian Motion Stochastic Process with Mean Reversion associated with the Monte Carlo simulation technique. Results show that the electricity saved from the replacement of electric showers by solar water heating systems in homes of low-income families has great potential to bring financial benefits to such families, and that the reduction in peak demand obtained from this Energy Efficiency Action is advantageous to the Brazilian electrical system. Results contemplate also the future scenarios of electricity saving and a sensitivity analysis in order to verify how values of some parameters influence on the results, once there is no historical data available for obtaining these values.
Źródło:
Transactions on Environment and Electrical Engineering; 2017, 2, 1; 42-51
2450-5730
Pojawia się w:
Transactions on Environment and Electrical Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Motion of water and sediment due to non-breaking waves in the swash zone
Autorzy:
Kapinski, J.
Ostrowski, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48514.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
water motion
sediment
non-breaking wave
flow velocity
sediment transport
spatial variability
sandy shore
swash zone
Baltic Sea
shear stress
Opis:
A long wave run-up theory is applied to the modelling of wave-induced flow velocities, sediment transport rates and bottom changes in a swash zone. First, the properties of the water tongue motion and the resulting lithodynamic response are analysed theoretically. Next, an attempt is made to run the model for the natural conditions encountered on the southern Baltic Sea coast. The Lagrangian swash velocities are used to determine the Eulerian phase-resolved bed shear stresses with a momentum integral method, after which the motion of sand is described by the use of a two-layer model, comprising bedload and nearbed suspended load. Seabed evolution is then found from the spatial variability of the net sediment transport rates. The results presented are limited to cases of the small-amplitude waves that seem to be responsible for accretion on beaches.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2012, 54, 2
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Multi-stage magnetic-fluid seals for operating in water – life test procedure, test stand and research results. Part. I. Life test procedure, test stand and instrumentation
Autorzy:
Matuszewski, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/260287.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
shaft sealing
utility water
seal durability
critical pressure
critical motion velocity
magnetic fluid
Opis:
The edge criteria for magnetic-fluid seals durability research are critical for the seal’s technological usefulness. The magnetic fluid seal technology in water is much more difficult technological problem in comparison to gas or vacuum environment. There is always problem with immediate contact between magnetic fluid and the environmental uninspected liquids. In the paper are presented ways of experiments definitions carried out with multi-stage rotating magnetic fluid seal operating in permanent contact with utility water. The special test procedures have been elaborated and practically used, with the aim to define main characteristics of magnetic fluid seals. These characteristics were: critical pressure, critical motion velocity and working life of the seal. Some grades of commercial, silicon based magnetic fluids of hydrophobic properties were tested in sealing system. The test stand and its features as well as results of tests are presented in the form of tables, cross section draws and diagrams. In conclusion one can see that multi-stage magnetic-fluid seals could be efficiently used in water for rotating shaft seals in a limited range of motion velocity and work lasting.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2012, 4; 62-70
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Multi-stage magnetic-fluid seals for operating in water - life test procedure, test stand and research results. Part II Results of life tests of multi-stage magnetic - fluid seal operating in water
Autorzy:
Matuszewski, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/259203.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
shaft sealing
magnetic fluid
utility water
seal durability
critical pressure
critical motion velocity
Opis:
The edge criteria for magnetic-fluid seals durability research were described in previous article [24] and now the tests results are presented. The tests were made with three magnetic fluids using various magnets quantity in magnetic assemblies. If values obtained in the repeated test deviated by more than 10 % from results of the first test an additional control test was made for final characteristics. The characteristics are: critical pressure, critical motion velocity and working life of the seal. The test stands were prepared for particular seals dimensions and results of tests are presented in the form of tables, cross section draws and diagrams. In conclusion one can see that multi-stage magnetic-fluid seals could be efficiently used in water for rotating shaft seals in a limited range of motion velocity and cycles quantity. Nevertheless a particular applications can be provided by magnetic-fluid seals only.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2013, 1; 39-47
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Numerical study of hydrodynamic derivatives and course stability under ship-bank interaction
Autorzy:
Liu, H.
Ma, N.
Gu, X. C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116925.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
safety at sea
ship-bank interaction
Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS)
hydrodynamic derivatives
hydrodynamics
Planar Motion Mechanism (PMM)
Circulating Water Channel (CWC)
User Defined Functions (UDF)
Opis:
Since ship-bank interaction affects the manoeuvrability of a ship navigating close to a bank, the determination of hydrodynamic derivatives is of great importance to assess the ship manoeuvrability. To obtain the hydrodynamic derivatives of the KVLCC2 model ship with different water depths and ship-bank distances, the simulation of PMM tests are carried out using an unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) based solver. Hybrid dynamic mesh technique is proposed to realize the simulation of pure yaw tests in confined water. Studies on the grid convergence and time-step-size convergence are firstly performed. Hydrodynamic derivatives for the ship in different water depths and ship-bank distances are compared. The course stability is investigated based on time-domain simulations and eigenvalue analysis, and the results show that the ship-bank interaction and shallow water effect have a remarkable influence on the course stability.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2018, 12, 4; 747-753
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On the Description of Long Water Waves in Material Variables
Autorzy:
Szmidt, K.
Hedzielski, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/241085.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Budownictwa Wodnego PAN
Tematy:
long waves
shallow water
unsteady motion
sloping beach
Opis:
Shallow water equations formulated in material variables are presented in this paper. In the model considered, a three-dimensional physical problem is substituted by a two-dimensional one describing a transformation of long waves in water of variable depth. The latter is obtained by means of the assumption that a vertical column of water particles remains vertical during the entire motion of the fluid. Under the assumption of small, continuous variation of the water depth, the equations for gravity waves are derived through Hamilton's principle formulated in terms of the material coordinates. This formulation ensures the conservation of mechanical energy. The approximation depends on the wave parameters as well as on the bed bathymetry. The latter may influence a solution of the model decisively; thus, one should be careful in applying the description to complicated geometries of fluid domains encountered in engineering practice.
Źródło:
Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics; 2009, 56, 1-2; 63-83
1231-3726
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On the generation of water waves in a flume
Autorzy:
Wilde, P.
Wilde, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/241118.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Budownictwa Wodnego PAN
Tematy:
water wave
flume
wavemaker
horizontal motion
piston
Opis:
The present paper proposes a simple model for the calculation of a time series to control the horizontal motion of the piston of a wavemaker. It is assumed that the initial conditions correspond to water at rest. It is assumed that parameters of kinematics of the fluid (displacement, velocity and acceleration fields) at the initial time are equal to zero. In the first interval the amplitudes grow to an asymptote that corresponds to a regular monochromatic wave. In the second interval the waves decay. Calculated time series were fed in to the control system of our wavemaker and the measured horizontal displacements of the piston compared. The control series was supplemented by terms corresponding to the Stokes type solution by addition of terms with multiples of the basic frequency.
Źródło:
Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics; 2001, 48, 4; 69-83
1231-3726
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On the geometry of ocean surface waves
Autorzy:
Massel, S.R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48766.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
air-sea interaction
atmosphere-ocean interaction
deep water
dynamic factor
geometry
irregular wave
marine environment
ocean surface
regular wave
shallow water
surface wave
water motion
wave breaking
wave slope
Opis:
The factors influencing the atmosphere-ocean transfer of mass and momentum, as well as incipient wave breaking and the amount of energy dissipated due to breaking, are discussed in detail. In particular, the influence of directional spreading on the statistics of surface wave slopes and the area of the wind- roughened ocean surface is demonstrated. Theoretical analysis and comparison with the available experimental data show that unimodal directional spreading is not able to reproduce the observed ratio of the cross-wind/up-wind mean square slopes. Better agreement is achieved when bimodal directional spreading, consisting of two wrapped-Gaussian distributions, is applied. The bimodal form suggested by Ewans (1998) is used in the paper. Moreover, the formulae developed here show that the increase in the area due to surface waves is rather small for both regular and irregular waves.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2011, 53, 2
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Planned motion equations of free-running grain mixture flow
Autorzy:
Piven, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/791801.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Komisja Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Tematy:
shallow water
free-running mixture
stress tensor
grain mixture
vibrating sieve
planned motion equation
Źródło:
Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa; 2016, 16, 4
1641-7739
Pojawia się w:
Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Shaft Bearing of Wind Turbine with Vertical Axis of Rotation
Łożyskowanie wału siłowni wiatrowej o pionowej osi obrotu
Autorzy:
Grzegorzek, Wojciech
Adamecki, Daniel
Mikuła, Jarosław
Borek, Wojciech
Głuszek, Grzegorz
Mikuła, Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2116058.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
green energy
low resistance to motion
prosumer wind turbine
quiet running
long service life
renewable energy sources
RES
water-lubricated hybrid bearing
zielona energia
OZE
prosumencka elektrownia wiatrowa
niskie opory ruchu
łożysko hybrydowe smarowane wodą
cichobieżność
wysoka trwałość
Opis:
This article describes a new design solution for a hybrid bearing intended for use in prosumer wind turbines with a vertical axis of rotation of the turbine rotor. The automatic rotational speed-dependent load-switching, lubrication and cooling systems applied in the hybrid bearing ensure a particularly long service life and highly quiet running while maintaining high energy efficiency over the full rotational speed range of shafts with turbine rotors. The hybrid bearing design has been adapted to the use of lubricating fluids with the lowest possible viscosity, including oil-water emulsions and even water itself. The use of water as a lubricant makes the bearing system highly environmentally friendly and completely fire-safe.
W artykule opisano nowe rozwiązanie konstrukcyjne łożyska hybrydowego przeznaczonego do zastosowania w prosumenckich siłowniach wiatrowych o pionowej osi obrotu wirnika turbinowego. Zastosowane w łożysku hybrydowym układy automatycznego przełączania obciążenia w zależności od prędkości obrotowej, smarowania i chłodzenia zapewniają uzyskanie szczególnie długiej trwałości i dużej cichobieżności przy zachowaniu wysokiej sprawności energetycznej w pełnym zakresie prędkości wirowania wałów z wirnikami turbinowymi. Konstrukcja łożyska hybrydowego przystosowana została do wykorzystania cieczy smarnych o możliwie niskiej lepkości, w tym emulsji olejowo-wodnych, a nawet samej wody. Wykorzystanie wody jako środka smarnego powoduje, że łożyskowanie ma wysokie walory ekologiczne i całkowite bezpieczeństwo pożarów
Źródło:
Tribologia; 2022, 1; 9--17
0208-7774
Pojawia się w:
Tribologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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