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Tytuł:
Human-Rights Approach to Water in the European Union on the 10th Anniversary of the ‘Right2Water’ Initiative
Autorzy:
Hałub-Kowalczyk, Olga
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/15846637.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
access to water
right to water
Right2Water
Drinking Water Directive
Concession Directive
Opis:
The 20 principles of the European Pillar of Social Rights adopted by the EU in 2017 include the right to access such basic services as water, sanitation, energy or transport. In the face of the climate crisis, the first of these rights is becoming a service which, due to the progression of global warming, could lose its universal and easily accessible nature. It seems reasonable to ask about the chances of developing a ‘right to water’ within the framework of the EU’s system, which would unambiguously oblige the public authorities to ensure access to this right. The trigger for this research was the ‘Right2Water’ European citizens’ initiative addressed to the European Commission in 2013, which contained postulates to recognise access to water as a human right. Ten years after the launch of this procedure, it is reasonable to acknowledge the verification of the actions taken by the EU and whether the evolving EU water policy can be assessed as being oriented towards ensuring the right to water for all EU-inhabitants. The aim of this paper justifies the use of legal-dogmatic research methodology. Regarding the analysis of legal acts, the rules of legal hermeneutics were applied, esp. grammar and teleological interpretation.
Źródło:
Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2023, 2(52); 71-81
0208-7375
Pojawia się w:
Polish Political Science Yearbook
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
PFAS - Perfluorinated Organic Compounds In View Of The New Water Directive
Autorzy:
Włodarczyk-Makuła, Maria
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27314885.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
PFAS
perfluorinated compound
water environment
water directive
związki perfluorowane
środowisko wodne
dyrektywa wodna
Opis:
The purpose of the work was to review the literature and characterize organic micropollutants from the group of perfluorinated surfactants - PFAS. It is a result of the proposal to include these compounds in the new Water Directive on the list of compounds which control in drinking water will be required and subject to inspection. The group of these organic bonds includes several thousand compounds in which fluorine is linked to the (straight or branched) chain of aliphatic hydrocarbons instead of hydrogen. The article describes the permissible concentrations of PFAS in waters, the properties of these compounds, their potential impact on organisms, concentrations identified in waters, and indicates the need to limit the emissions of these compounds to surface waters. This is an important problem from the point of view of these compounds’ impact on organisms and the fact that such waters are often a source of water supply for the national economy, including consumption by the population.
Źródło:
Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports; 2022, 32, 1; 191--200
2080-5187
2450-8594
Pojawia się w:
Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Quality monitoring of marine coastal waters in Poland
Autorzy:
Draszawka-Bołzan, Beata
Cyraniak, Emil
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1153867.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Water Directive
evaluation of water quality
the Baltic Sea Ecoregion
water quality assessment criteria
Opis:
A review of EU legislation and national rules applicable to the assessment of the quality of the marine waters of the Baltic Sea in Poland. A review of the procedures prescribed by law, highlighting some inconsistencies, and pointed to the importance of the innovative approach of the EU Water Directive towards assessing water quality, which now should be based primarily on assessing the health hydrobiont by limiting the amount recommended for the study of chemical indicators of water quality. It pays attention to the progression, and at the same time, retreat from this canon, which manifests itself primarily by gradually increasing the recommended number of chemical indicators of water quality that should undergo mandatory testing - on the road to increasing the number of priority contaminants placed in subsequent acts supplementing and modifying the EU Water Directive.
Źródło:
World News of Natural Sciences; 2015, 1; 10-17
2543-5426
Pojawia się w:
World News of Natural Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Using macrozoobenthos to assess the ecological condition of the Starzyc Lake (North-West Poland)
Autorzy:
Konieczny, R.
Daniszewski, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/125172.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
water
lake
macrozoobenthos
European Union Water Framework Directive
Opis:
In the summer of 2008–2009 species composition and quantity of macrozoobenthos in deposits samples collected with Ekman gripping device at 4 points of Starzyc Lake was studied. Lake Starzyc also called Chociwel is located in West Pomeranian Voivodeship and is adjacent to the town of Chociwel from South and South East of the city. In the collected material of the analysed lake macrozoobenthos organisms from the following classes were found: Oligochaeta, Hirudinea, Crustacea, Insecta and Bivalvia. The Insecta class was the most numerous one in respect of species found, including larvae of the following orders: Ephemeroptera (Leptophlebia sp., Ephemera sp., Caenis macrura (Stephens)), Trichoptera (Limnephilidae, Leptoceridae, Cyrnus sp.) Diptera and Megaloptera (Sialis lutaria L.). The density and biomass distribution in the analysed Starzyc Lake demonstrates the occurrence of unfavourable changes which may lead to eutrophication in the shallowest layers of the body reservoir and in the zone at the depth of 4.9 m. The littoral zone of the studied lake features high density and significant benthic fauna biomass with low values of PIE biodiversity index.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2013, 14, 4; 1-8
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ecological status assessment of lakes using macrophytes
Autorzy:
Chilińska, Elżbieta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/764892.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Water Framework Directive
water quality
ecological status
ESMI
lakes
Opis:
W Polsce metoda oceny stanu ekologicznego jezior na podstawie makrofitów opracowana została na potrzeby rutynowego monitoringu wód w latach 2005–2006 na zlecenie ówczesnego Ministra Środowiska. Do procesu tego posłużyło 156 jezior. Zbiorniki zostały pogrupowane pod względem różnorodności roślinności oraz parametrów abiotycznych. Wśród nich wyodrębniono cztery grupy jezior makrofitowych: I – jeziora o wodach miękkich (lobeliowe), II – jeziora o wodach bogatych w wapń (ramienicowe głębokie), III – jeziora o wodach bogatych w wapń (ramienicowe płytkie), a także IV – jeziora łęczyńsko-włodawskie. Dla drugiego oraz trzeciego typu, odpowiednio jezior stratyfikowanych i niestratyfikowanych zaproponowano odrębną klasyfikację ocenianą za pomocą Makrofitowego Indeksu Stanu Ekologicznego. Podstawą jego opracowania była metoda makrofitoindykacji roślinności jezior rejonu Laski w Borach Tucholskich zaproponowana przez profesora Mariana Rejewskiego w latach 70. XX w, a udoskonalona w następnych latach przez profesor Hannę Ciecierską. Określała ona bioróżnorodność na poziomie zbiorowisk roślinnych fitolitoralu tworzonych przez makrofity. Metoda ESMI obejmuje zarówno badania roślinności przeprowadzone w terenie z etapem przygotowawczym oraz część polegającą na wyliczaniu samych wskaźników makrofitowych. Indeks przyjmuje wartości od 0, obrazującego zły stan ekologiczny, do 1 odzwierciedlającego stan bardzo dobry. W trakcie wyliczania końcowego indeksu ESMI uwzględnia się parametry takie jak: różnorodność fitocenotyczna, maksymalna różnorodność fitocenotyczna, indeks kolonizacyjny, powierzchnia fitolitoralu obliczona jako suma powierzchni wszystkich zespołów roślinnych oraz powierzchnia samego jeziora. Zarówno poszczególne wskaźniki wchodzące w skład ESMI uwzględniające skład taksonomiczny oraz obfitość makrofitów, jak i sam zespolony indeks, wyraźnie i w sposób kierunkowy reagują na antropopresję. Jako jej główny, ale nie jedyny przejaw przyjęto proces eutrofizacji, dlatego otrzymane wyniki klasyfikacji porównywano różnymi wskaźnikami trofii. Zatem, do oceny stanu ekologicznego jezior podlegających presjom innego typu niż przyśpieszona eutrofizacja, metoda ESMI nie powinna być wykorzystywana, ponieważ nie jest ona podatna na te presje. Podobny problem, jak zauważa profesor Hanna Ciecierska dotyczy jezior o niekorzystnym dla rozwoju makrofitów ukształtowaniu dna zbiornika. W związku z tym powinno potraktować się ocenę ESMI jako szacunkową z założeniem, iż może ona ulec zmianie, np. po zawarciu przeliczenia do wzoru ESMI poprawki na ukształtowanie misy jeziornej. 
Harmonisation of the laws of the Member States regarding the protection of the environment is one of the tasks of the European Union. Poland joined EU in 2004 and took on various commitments for the improvement of water status. In particular, the Water Framework Directive was a major breakthrough in the assessment of aquatic ecosystems. For the classification of stratified and non-stratified lakes Ecological State Macrophyte Index (ESMI) has been used. In Poland, the method for assessing the ecological status of lakes based on macrophytes has been developed for routine water monitoring shortly after joining the European Union. This index is one of the biological elements in the assessment of ecological status. It considers the whole plant communities in the reservoir. The key factor that ESMI reacts to is anthropopressure, which manifests itself as eutrophication. However, it is crucial that the lakes are also subject to different pressures. In this situation, the ESMI rating becomes only an indicative method. The article describes the role, process of evaluation and the most common problems related to ESMI.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Biologica et Oecologica; 2015, 11; 16-22
1730-2366
2083-8484
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Biologica et Oecologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Identification of Pollution Patterns and Sources in a Semi-Arid Urban Stream
Autorzy:
Markogianni, V
Anastasopoulou, E.
Tsoupras, A.
Dimitriou, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124574.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
pollution sources
urban stream
water quality
Water Framework Directive
Opis:
The impact and occurrence of human-induced pollution sources have been investigated in one of the few remaining urban streams located in Attica, Greece. Baseline information is provided on the presence and concentration of physicochemical parameters, nutrients, total coliforms, hydrocarbons and phenols in 12 key points along the Pikrodafni stream. The aim was to evaluate the relative importance of key water quality variables and their sources. Indicator substances (i.e. concentrations of nitrate, ammonium, phosphate and total coliforms in certain stations indicating wastewater exposure; PAHs indicating petroleum sources) successfully related the water quality variables to pollution sources. Furthermore, a pollution pressure map has been developed with the activities identified from in-situ visits and Google Earth surveys, while the statistical analysis (CA and PCA) has contributed to the further exploration of the relative magnitude of pollution sources effects. Our results underline initially the importance of diffuse pollution management accompanied by the necessity for continuous environmental monitoring and the application of legal and environmental restoration actions if water quality is to be improved according to WFD 2000/60/EC.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2018, 19, 2; 99-113
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Problemy metodyczne związane z oceną stopnia eutrofizacji jezior na potrzeby wyznaczania stref wrażliwych na azotany
Methodical problems associated with the assessment of lake eutrophication for designation of zones vulnerable to nitrates Water Framework DirectiveWater Framework Directive
Autorzy:
Soszka, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/338727.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
dyrektywa azotanowa
dyrektywa ściekowa
eutrofizacja wód
ramowa dyrektywa wodna
eutrophication of waters
nitrate directive
urban waste-water treatment directive
Water Framework Directive
Opis:
Celem artykułu jest analiza podejścia do oceny eutrofizacji w świetle wymagań dyrektywy azotanowej, Ramowej Dyrektywy Wodnej (RDW) oraz przepisów polskich. W żadnym z tych aktów prawnych nie podaje się metodologii oceny zjawiska. Opracowany w 2005 r., w ramach Wspólnej Strategii Wdrażania RDW, projekt wytycznych do oceny eutrofizacji w kontekście europejskiej polityki wodnej oparty jest na zharmonizowanym podejściu do zagadnienia, uwzględniającym wymagania RDW oraz dyrektywy azotanowej i ściekowej. Oznacza to, że metodologia oceny eutrofizacji przyjęta w RDW powinna być zastosowana również w celu spełnienia wymagań pozostałych dyrektyw i, tym samym, przepisów polskich.
An analysis of approaches to the assessment of eutrophication in view of the requirements of nitrate directive, Water Framework Directive and Polish legal acts is presented in this paper. None of the acts gives the methodology of assessing the phenomenon. Draft guidelines for assessing eutrophication in the context of European water policies, prepared in 2005 within the Common Implementation Strategy of the WFD, are based on harmonised approach to the problem with the consideration of the WFD, nitrate directive and urban waste-water treatment directive. It means that the methodology of assessing eutrophication adopted in the WFD should be used in to fulfil the requirements of other directives and Polish regulations.
Źródło:
Woda-Środowisko-Obszary Wiejskie; 2009, 9, 1; 151-159
1642-8145
Pojawia się w:
Woda-Środowisko-Obszary Wiejskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Groundwater monitoring as a tool of the hydrogeological cartography in Poland in the light of Water Framework Directive
Autorzy:
Kazimierski, B.
Sadurski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2065889.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
ground water
hydrogeological cartography
Water Framework Directive
groundwater monitoring
groundwater protection
Opis:
The Hydrogeological Map of Poland, 1: 50,000 has been completed last year and it demands permanent updating in the future. The only source of the new hydrogeological data to this map can be provided by a groundwater monitoring system. The groundwater monitoring in Poland undergoes reconstruction according to Water Framework Directive (WFD) of the European Union. WFD is the general legal act oriented towards the sustainable utilization, protection and improvement of the state of water resources. Delineated groundwater bodies have to be monitored and the results are aimed for the action plans of the water management. Newly prepared directive “Groundwater vs. pollution” comprises more detailed procedures of monitoring, manners of sampling, elaboration of the results and presentation. It should be reflected also in the hydrogeological cartography.
Źródło:
Przegląd Geologiczny; 2005, 53, 10/2; 935-939
0033-2151
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Geologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Legal solutions of lake monitoring systems in Poland in compliance with the Water Framework Directive
Autorzy:
Zębek, Elżbieta Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2106700.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-05-30
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
Water Framework Directive
legal solutions
monitoring system
lake ecological status
Opis:
The Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC is considered a very modern strategy of water management in the EU. The purpose is to establish a framework for the protection of inland surface waters by preventing further deterioration and protecting the condition of aquatic ecosystems, as well as increasing the protection and improvement of the condition of the aquatic environment by limiting emissions and losses of priority substances. It was considered that changes in the water law in Poland during the process of implementing the guidelines of the Water Framework Directive may have contributed to widening and strengthening the monitoring system of lakes and changes in their quality, especially their ecological state. This article aims to determine the changes in legal regulations in the field of water quality/ecologically state of lakes in Poland as a result of the implementation of the WFD. The EC reports indicate that some requirements are too rigorous and complicated for Member States to implement. Water monitoring was significantly expanded and modernised which lead to improvement of lake water quality in Poland. The five-grade ecological status of lake waters and standardised biological indicators were introduced. It was highlighted that the improvement of the WFD implementation process allowed for more effective water management and the development of effective strategies for the protection of lakes in Poland and other EU countries.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2022, 49, 2; 173-201
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Water supply and sewerage infrastructure in the Krakow Metropolitan Area over the period 2003-2013
Autorzy:
Woźniak, A.
Petryk, A.
Kochanek, A.
Petryk, P.
Guzdek, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101191.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
Kraków Metropolitan Area
water supply
sewerage infrastructure
commune
municipality
Water Framework Directive
Opis:
Water supply and sewerage infrastructure, which characterizes a particular territorial unit, is one of the key elements of its economic development. The sustainability index of water and sewage management system of the specific area, for which the total lengths of both water supply system and sewerage system are similar as it can be clearly seen, looking at the urban units of the Krakow Metropolitan Area, is absolutely vital. The apparent disparity between the lengths of both the water supply system and sewage system in the urban-rural and rural communes with a particularly significant shortage of sewerage infrastructure was shown. This proves the unsustainability of water and sewage management system in the area. A significant improvement in the condition of infrastructure in the analysed decade should be noted. This is clearly linked with the main objective of the Water Framework Directive and the subsequent participation of the analyzed area of KMA in the EU funds and other aid programs which aim at achieving a good level of water by 2015.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2016, IV/1; 1081-1098
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of chemical and physico-chemical indicators of water of the lakes in the city of Szczecin on the basis of the EU water framework directive
Autorzy:
Daniszewski, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124735.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
water
lake
chemical and physico-chemical indicators
European Union Water Framework Directive
Opis:
The work shows the evaluation of physico-chemical parameters the city of Szczecin of the landscape based on the European Union Water Framework Directive. The study was conducted on three lakes within the boundaries of the city of Szczecin on the three lakes: Glebokie, Rusalka, Szmaragdowe. Szczecin is situated in North-West Poland, in the western part of West Pomeranian Voivodeship at Polish-German border. Research was carried out in the years 2008–2012, in the period from April to October. Water samples were taken from three stations on each of the three lakes. Sample water pH was measured. The water tests were taken according to the Polish Standards. The collected water samples were fixed in accordance with the recommendations in the Polish Standards. Other indicators for the quality of the waters have been tagged within 24 hours from the moment of sampling.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2013, 14, 3; 24-30
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of the Physicochemical Quality of Water Within the Hydropower Plant on the Ślęza River in Wrocław, Poland
Autorzy:
Tomczyk, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2069885.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
water quality
hydropower plants
environmental impacts
renewable energy sources
Water Framework Directive
Opis:
The aim of the article was the analysis of the physicochemical quality of water within the hydropower plant on the Ślęza River in Wrocław (south-west Poland) in the context of the European Union's classification of water quality, as well as an assessment of the potential impact of hydropower plants on this quality. The study uses the results of monthly tests from three measurement points within the hydropower plant on the Ślęza River in the city of Wrocław (points upstream and downstream the hydropower plant and the reference point), from the period June 2018 to May 2020. The analyses covered 10 physicochemical parameters, i.e.: pH, electrical conductivity (EC), water temperature, turbidity, NH4-N, NO3-N, NO2- N, total phosphorus, dissolved oxygen and BOD5. The conducted analysis showed that the hydropower plant has no clear influence on the physicochemical quality of the water in the Ślęza River, other interactions present in the catchment area are more important. From the effects visible in the results, a decrease in the amplitudes of water temperature downstream the hydropower plant compared to the other points was noted, as well as a lower median of its value (statistically significant changes). An additional noticeable effect was the increase in water oxygenation below the damming, but it was not statistically significant. It has been shown that the physicochemical condition of water at the tested points does not meet the assumed standards for 8 out of 9 parameters (except for water temperature). The largest exceedances of the limit values concerned NO2-N (up to 923% of the norm), and the most consistent, almost constantly occurring – EC (23 out of 24 months). The reason for the high NO2-N content was most probably surface runoff from the fields and the re-suspension of sediments rich in nutrients, while in the case of EC, its high values result from the specificity of the catchment area.
Źródło:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2021, 23; 795--810
1506-218X
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of chemical and physico-chemical indicators of water of the Resko lake on the basis of the European Union Water Framework Directive
Autorzy:
Daniszewski, P.
Konieczny, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/411595.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
water
lake
chemical and physico-chemical indicators
European Union Water Framework Directive
Opis:
The work shows the evaluation of physico-chemical parameters of water Resko lake, based on the European Union Water Framework Directive. Research was carried out in the years 2008-2009, in the period from April to October. With each of the three measuring stations on the tested water samples were taken two separate Lakes for chemical analysis. At the place of sampling were numbered pH. Trying to test water were taken by Polish Standards. Collected water samples were fixed in accordance with the recommendations in the Polish Standards. Other indicators for the quality of the waters have been tagged within 24 hours from the moment of download attempts. Have studied lake close to neutral pH - 7.63 to 7.79. All lakes in accordance with the classification of the European Union Water Framework Directive have been included in the first class. Studies have shown a diverse water quality in lakes in relation to tested indicators. By analyzing the average annual values can be noted that the pH of the water, the O2diss and the concentration of NO3? showed a relatively small variation in all investigated Lakes. The level of the General Suspension in Resko lake the peasant was on level II class. The concentration in the surface layer of Ptot. Lake is little differentiated, is at level II quality class according to the classification of the European Union Water Framework Directive. The concentration of total phosphorus is 0,22-0,29 mg?dm-3.
Źródło:
International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2013, 4; 98-104
2299-3843
Pojawia się w:
International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of chemical and physico-chemical indicators of water of the Starzyc lake on the basis of the European Union Water Framework Directive
Autorzy:
Daniszewski, P.
Konieczny, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/411599.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
water
lake
chemical and physico-chemical indicators
European Union Water Framework Directive
Opis:
The work shows the evaluation of physico-chemical parameters of water Starzyc lake, based on the European Union Water Framework Directive. Research was carried out in the years 2008-2009, in the period from April to October. With each of the three measuring stations on the tested water samples were taken two separate Lakes for chemical analysis. At the place of sampling were numbered pH. Trying to test water were taken by Polish Standards. Collected water samples were fixed in accordance with the recommendations in the Polish Standards. Other indicators for the quality of the waters have been tagged within 24 hours from the moment of download attempts. Have studied lake close to neutral pH 7.64 to 7.76. All lakes in accordance with the classification of the European Union Water Framework Directive have been included in the first class. Studies have shown a diverse water quality in lakes in relation to tested indicators. By analyzing the average annual values can be noted that the pH of the water, the O2diss and the concentration of NO3-showed a relatively small variation in all investigated Lakes. The level of the General Suspension in Starzyc lake the peasant was on level II class. The concentration in the surface layer of Ptot. Lake is little differentiated, is at level II and III quality class according to the classification of the European Union Water Framework Directive. The concentration of total phosphorus is 0,32-0,47 mgźdm–3.
Źródło:
International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2013, 4; 91-97
2299-3843
Pojawia się w:
International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Small Water Reservoirs – Sources of Water or Problems?
Autorzy:
Jurik, L.
Húska, D.
Halászová, K.
Bandlerová, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/123493.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
water reservoirs
hydrological conditions
Water Framework Directive
river continuum
operation and maintenance
Opis:
The design of small water reservoirs in Slovakia and neighbouring countries has common origins in the middle of the last century. Most of them were an alternative source of water for irrigation of field crops. Nowadays, we have to face new problems, such as the problems with the design of hydrological data and real current discharges, the problems with original and new design of the flood wave for the solution of the safety overflow. All of Q100 flows recorded nowadays are much higher than those which had been designed and built. The safety overflows no longer answer the purpose of the contemporary flows. The problems with the Framework Directive are also important – small water reservoirs are not resolved in the Directive as the water bodies of stagnant water because they have an area of less than 0.5 km2. The same problem is also with the preservation of continuity of the flow and the fact that they should let the fish pass. Unfortunately, the state, administrators of small dams, operators and nature conservationists have different points of view on the above-mentioned problems. The article elaborates these problems and suggests possible solutions to the problems.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2015, 16, 4; 22-28
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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