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Tytuł:
Ocena bezpieczeństwa żeglugi na akwenach portowych
An Assessment of Navigational Safety in Port Water Areas
Autorzy:
Galor, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/906537.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
bezpieczeństwo żeglugi
akweny portowe
navigational safety
port water areas
Opis:
Porty są projektowane i budowane do obsługi statków o określonej wielkości. Rozwój floty światowej w ostatnim trzydziestoleciu charakteryzuje się generalnie wzrostem wielkości statków przy w miarę stałej ich ilości. Stąd porty budowane kilkadziesiąt i więcej lat temu stoją wobec konieczności obsługi coraz większych statków. Wzrost ten obejmuje zarówno długość i szerokość, jak i zanurzenie statku. O bezpieczeństwie żeglugi na akwenach portowych decyduje głównie relacja wymiarów statku do wymiarów akwenu. Akwen charakteryzowany jest poprzez wymiary w płaszczyźnie poziomej oraz głębokość. W przypadku istniejących portów występują niewielkie możliwości zmiany tych elementów. Statek manewrujący po akwenie portowym musi przede wszystkim posiadać odpowiedni zapas wody pod stępką. Zależy on od wielu czynników i błędów ich określania. Analiza dotychczas stosowanych metod określania zapasu wody pod stępką wykazuje, że wielkość ta generalnie jest zawyżana. Oznacza to ograniczenie dopuszczalnego zanurzenia statku. Skutkuje to niepełnym wykorzystaniem ładowności statku. Ma to zasadnicze znaczenie szczególnie dla portów polskich (Świnoujście, Gdynia, Gdańsk), gdzie rocznie obsługiwanych jest kilkadziesiąt statków z częściowym wykorzystaniem ładowności. Możliwość zwiększenia ładowności wiąże się ze zwiększeniem dopuszczalnego zanurzenia, co jest równoznaczne ze zmniejszeniem zapasu wody pod stępką. W referacie przedstawiono założenia budowy modelu oceny bezpieczeństwa manewrowania statków po akwenie portowym. Polega ona na ocenie ryzyka obejmującego możliwość uderzenia statku w dno akwenu jako konsekwencji przyjęcia nieodpowiedniego zapasu wody pod stępką oraz skutków takiego zdarzenia. Bowiem nie każdy kontakt kadłuba statku z dnem akwenu kończy się uszkodzeniem kadłuba. Rezultatem prowadzonych badań jest przyjęcie kryteriów oceny i określenie odpowiednich wskaźników.
Ports are designed and constructed for handling ships of definite size. The development of world fleet in the recent thirty years has been marked by a general increase in ships' size with their relatively constant number; which is why ports built a number of years ago are faced with the necessity of handling ever bigger ships. This increase embraces both the length and the width of the ship, as well as her draft. The navigational safety in port water areas is mainly determined by the relation of the ship's dimensions to the dimensions of the water area. The water area is characterised by horizontal dimensions and draft. In the case of existing ports there are few possibilities of changing these elements. The ship manoeuvring in the port water area has first of all to have a suitable underkeel clearance, which depends on many factors and their estimation errors. The analysis of hitherto applied methods of determining underkeel clearance shows that this value is generally overestimated. This signifies a limitation of the ship's permissible draft, which results in incomplete use of the ship's load capacity, which is of particular significance for Polish ports (Świnoujście, Gdynia, Gdańsk), where a few dozen ships are handled yearly with only a partial use of their load capacity. The possibility of increasing load capacity exists in increasing permissible draft, which is bound with decreasing underwater clearance. The paper presents assumptions for the construction of a safety assessment model for ships manoeuvring in the port water area. It consists in estimating the risk of the ship striking the bottom of the water area as a result assuming an improper underkeel clearance, since not every contact of the hull with the bottom ends in damaging the hull. The result of the research is the assumption of assessment criteria and determining suitable indicators.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2005, 7 (79); 163-164
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Managing water – challenges for Poland
Autorzy:
Kundzewicz, (Red.) Zbigniew
Zaleski, Janusz
Nachlik, Elżbieta
Januchta-Szostak, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1916725.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
water management
Polska
hazards
water in urban areas
water in rural areas
education
Opis:
The scope of water management is to meet water demand by supplying water to the population and to the national economy; to provide water to the users in such sectors as agriculture, energy, navigation, tourism and recreation, as well as the environment; and to warrant water safety (including protection against floods and droughts). Health and well-being of the Polish population depends on the quality of the environment, therein access to water in adequate quantity and quality. The country struggles with management of low water resources whose quality is still inadequate. The present paper, co-authored by numerous Polish experts, leaders in research and in practice, presents a critical view on the water management in Poland. Among the specific topical areas covered by this paper are: water needs, policies and legislation, as well as governance. The authors specify recommendations for a range of necessary, and urgent, actions to be taken by decision makers and politicians, who are responsible for formulation of appropriate principles and their implementation. Development of adequate legal framework at various spatial levels (EU, national, regional, local, as well as at the river basin scale) is of essential importance for warranting people’s well-being. It is necessary to establish control aimed at keeping the subtle balance between the governance, legal acts, and adequate financing.
Źródło:
Nauka; 2021, 1
1231-8515
Pojawia się w:
Nauka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Determination of ship’s positions applying the selected M-estimation methods basing on radar observations
Autorzy:
Świerczyński, S.
Czaplewski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/360415.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
ship’s positions
M-estimation methods
radar observations
navigational data
water areas
Opis:
The paper presents an analysis of the selected robust adjustment methods applied in geodesy, proving thereby justifiability in choosing the applied attenuation function. With a use of the radar navigation methods, the said methods were applied in the process of determination of the observed vessel’s positions.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2013, 36 (108) z. 1; 149-155
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of the Water Needs of Fruit Plants in the Perspective of Climate Change
Autorzy:
Stachowski, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2069931.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
fruit plants
water deficit areas
irrigation needs
water needs
Opis:
The paper includes a detailed water need forecasting analysis of fruit plants: apple trees, pear trees, cherry trees and plum trees, for the area of Poland with particular water deficits. The assessment was carried out for the multiannual period of 1989-2018, using three methods developed by Press, Grabarczyk and Rzekanowski, and Treder. The greatest water needs in the multiannual period (1989-2018) were demonstrated by apple and plum trees. The average water needs of apple trees in the multiannual period were 485 mm (Press method), 599 mm (Rzekanowski and Grabarczyk) and 558 mm (Treder), respectively. The average amount of water needs of plum trees was 506 mm (according to Press), 590 mm (Rzekanowski and Grabarczyk) and 548 mm (Treder). In practice, each of the methods presented should be used to forecast the water needs of fruit plants. This will minimise the risk of water shortages and will also enable determination of irrigation doses.
Źródło:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2021, 23; 434--445
1506-218X
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Probabilistic approach to determination of oil spill domains at port and sea water areas
Autorzy:
Dąbrowska, E.
Kołowrocki, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116051.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
oil spill
oil spill domains
determination of oil spill
Semi-Markov Model
sea water areas
port area
probabilistic approach
hydro-meteorological conditions
Opis:
Maritime safety involves minimizing error in all aspects of the marine system. Human error has received much importance, being responsible for about 80% of the maritime accident worldwide. Currently, more attention has been focused to reduce human error in marine engine maintenance. On-board marine engine maintenance activities are often complex, where seafarers conduct maintenance activities in various marine environmental (i.e. extreme weather, ship motions, noise, and vibration) and operational (i.e. work overload and stress) conditions. These environmental and operational conditions, in combination with generic human error tendencies, results in innumerable forms of error. There are numerous accidents that happened due to the human error during the maintenance activities of a marine engine. The most severe human error results in accidents due to is a loss of life. Moreover, there are other consequences too such as delaying the productivity of marine operations which results in the financial loss. This study reviews methods that are currently available for identifying, reporting and managing human error in marine engine maintenance. As a basis for this discussion, authors provide an overview of approaches for investigating human error, and a description of marine engine maintenance activities and environmental and operational characteristics.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2020, 14, 1; 51-58
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Monte Carlo simulation approach to determination of oil spill domains at port and sea water areas
Autorzy:
Dąbrowska, E.
Kołowrocki, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116316.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
oil spills domains
Monte Carlo simulation
determination of oil spill
port area
sea water areas
oil spill
Semi-Markov model
hydro-meteorological conditions
Opis:
Monte Carlo simulation method of oil spill domains determination based on the probabilistic approach to the solution of this problem is proposed. A semi-Markov model of the process of changing hydro-meteorological conditions is constructed and its parameters are defined. The general stochastic model of oil spill domain movement for various hydro-meteorological conditions is described. Monte Carlo simulation procedure is created and applied to generating the process of changing hydro-meteorological conditions and the prediction of the oil spill domain movement impacted by these changes conditions.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2020, 14, 1; 59-64
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Manoeuvring areas to adapt ACAS for the maritime domain
Autorzy:
Baldauf, M.
Mehdi, R.
Deeb, H.
Schröder-Hinrichs, J. U.
Benedict, K.
Krüger, C.
Fischer, S.
Gluch, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/135052.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
situation-dependent analysis
risk assessment
risk of collision
collision probability
prediction of manoeuvring areas
potential areas of water
fast time simulation
Opis:
Rapidly increasing numbers of ships and ship sizes pose an ever-growing challenge to the maritime industry. Although statistics indicate improved levels of safety in the industry which carries 90% of the world’s trade, the risk of navigational accidents, among other issues, remains a prime concern and priority (EMSA, 2010; 2014). In order to address these concerns, the authors turned to another high-risk industry for inspiration. Specifically, they turned to the aviation industry, which has often been used as a source of comparisons and ideas by researchers in the maritime domain. Keeping up with the trend, the authors of this paper turn to a tried-and-tested system used widely in modern aviation: the Airborne Collision Avoidance System (ACAS). The prime idea behind ACAS is to construct two virtual 3D zones around an aircraft. These zones are dynamic, and depend on the manoeuvring characteristics of a given aircraft. If the system detects an “intruder” (another aircraft) in either of the two well-defined virtual zones, it provides warnings and/or instructions to pilots of both aircraft to take certain precautionary or emergency measures. In the current paper, the authors explore whether or not such a system is feasible for use in the maritime domain and, if so, how. The paper provides a detailed analysis of the potential benefits and drawbacks of using an ACAS-like system onboard vessels. It also discusses possible means of implementation and integration with current equipment, and explores how the introduction of e-navigation may impact the proposed solution.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2015, 43 (115); 39-47
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Quality Problems of the Dammed Water in the Mountain Forest Catchment
Autorzy:
Jachniak, Ewa
Jaguś, Andrzej
Młyniuk, Agata
Nycz, Barbara
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124917.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
mountain areas
dam reservoir
water quality
water pollution
water trophy
Opis:
The research concerned the Wapienica dam reservoir, which is located in the Polish Carpathians, near the city of Bielsko-Biala. The dam closes the flow of water from the 11.1 km2 catchment. The forests cover about 90% of the catchment area, while the rest of the catchment constitutes grassland areas. The reservoir has a capacity of 1.05 million m3. The collected water is intended for supplying a water supply system. The catchment is treated as semi-natural, because within its borders the only works related to forest management are carried out. The aim of the research was evaluation of the water quality in this reservoir, including trophic status, based on the analyses carried out in 2015. It was found that the water was of good quality in basic physicochemical terms (e.g. suspension ≤13 mg∙dm-3,CODCr ≤11 mgO2∙dm-3, conductivity ≤82 µS∙cm-1, phosphates <0.05 mg∙dm-3, nitrates ≤5.1 mg∙dm-3, dissolved iron ≤0.12 mg∙dm-3). The contamination with heavy metals was not ascertained, with the exception of the zinc. The assessed sanitary indicators are worse – the bacteria of the Coli group and periodically also enterococci were observed in the reservoir water. The reservoir is not homogeneous in terms of biological production (the trophy degree). It is low in the upper part (oligotrophy generally) and increases in the part near the dam (mesotrophy, also eutrophy). The established presence of dangerous bacteria and symptoms of the reservoir eutrophication are disturbing in the context of the opinion on the purity of uninhabited mountain areas.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2019, 20, 5; 165-171
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Public investment policy as a driver of changes in the ecosystem services delivery by an urban green infrastructure
Autorzy:
Abramowicz, Dawid
Stępniewska, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1050859.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-03-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
spatial development
urban areas
water-dependent ecosystems
Opis:
The presented study considers the impact of public expenditure related to land development on the potential of an urban green infrastructure to provide ecosystem services (ES). The study site (Szachty) is located in Poznań, the fifth largest city in Poland. In the article, we recognised the type of expenditure (permanent infrastructure and ongoing maintenance), the costs and the influence on ES (stimulating, weakening or no relevant). The study shows that the financial policy concerning the study area is focused on creating an infrastructure that enhances cultural ecosystem services (CES). However, the creation of recreational facilities weakens the potential of the area for supplying regulating services concerning maintaining nursery populations and habitats. The results highlight the need for scientific support for policymakers in understanding the synergies and trade-offs between ES, resulting from financial decisions. This is particularly important in the decision-making process in the areas of high natural value, in which full, long-term effects of the decisions may be barely visible and incomprehensible for the society. Showing the impact of financial decisions on the structure and level of ES may provide arguments supporting a more complex and high-quality social dialogue, including balancing the interests of various stakeholders.
Źródło:
Quaestiones Geographicae; 2020, 39, 1; 5-18
0137-477X
2081-6383
Pojawia się w:
Quaestiones Geographicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Use of different forms of retention as the condition of sustainable management of water resources in rural environment
Autorzy:
Patro, Magdalena
Zubala, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/292594.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
agricultural areas
catchment
water resources management
retention
Opis:
The paper presents the problem of the growing water deficit and the possibility of sustainable development of water resources in rural areas of Central and Eastern Europe (using the example of Poland). It is estimated that the amount of resources in this region is reduced by about 70% compared to the average for Europe. In drought periods it comes to limitation of economic activity, including agriculture. Particular attention was paid to the necessity to extend landscape, underground, and snow retention, as an alternative to dams, which are currently the most popular in lower-order catchments. It has been shown that the construction of small agricultural reservoirs is not always preceded by adequate consultations and pre-design studies, which may result in financial losses and legal problems. Simultaneous use of many alternative forms of retention should be more effective than the implementation of reservoirs. In addition, increasing the hydraulic roughness of the catchments slows down the outflow of products of erosion and contributes to the protection of surface retention structures (maintaining natural and economic usefulness of reservoirs).
Źródło:
Journal of Water and Land Development; 2020, 44; 126-135
1429-7426
2083-4535
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Water and Land Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Theoretical aspects and numerical modelling of the GPR method to analyse its possibilities for the detection of leakages in urban water supply networks
Autorzy:
Gołębiowski, Tomisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27310129.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
GPR
leakage
water supply network
urbanised areas
Opis:
Geophysical methods, especially selected electrical and electromagnetic ones, have been used for many years for the non-invasive detection of leakages from water supply networks. In this paper, the author focuses on theoretical aspects and numerical simulations to analyse the possibilities and limitations of the application of the selected electromagnetic method, i.e., the ground-penetrating radar (GPR) method for the aforementioned purpose. Various measurement techniques are used in the GPR method but in the paper the author refers to the most commonly used technique known as short-offset reflection profiling (SORP). As demonstrated in the paper, the detection of water leakages into a homogeneous and isotropic geological medium using the GPR method is a simple matter. However, the detection of leakages occurring in heterogeneous ground subjected to strong anthropopression and with the presence of electromagnetic interference becomes a difficult task, and interpretation may be difficult or even impossible. An important issue analysed in the paper was the phenomenon of the scattering of electromagnetic waves on underground anthropogenic objects, which very often occurs in urbanised areas. The results of the numerical modelling carried out for various scenarios of water leakages into typical ground allowed the possibilities and limitations of using the GPR method for the detection of leakages from water supply networks to be determined.
Źródło:
Geology, Geophysics and Environment; 2023, 49, 4; 357--373
2299-8004
2353-0790
Pojawia się w:
Geology, Geophysics and Environment
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Priority Areas for Initiating Land Consolidations Related to Erosion and Water Retention in the Landscape, Czech Republic
Autorzy:
Karásek, P.
Konečná, J.
Pochop, M.
Kučera, J.
Podhrázská, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124604.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
land consolidation
rural areas
water erosion
wind erosion
water retention
GIS
Opis:
Land consolidations represent a unique tool for managing the problems of the rural space. They help to settle the land property rights and meet the current requirements associated with the protection and formation of a stable, permanently sustainable rural landscape. In the Czech Republic, complex land consolidations have been completed in 1,965 cadastral areas out of the total 13,100, and in 2,134 more they are in the preparation phase (up to 1st September 2015). It means that about 60% of cadastral areas in CR still await land consolidation. Our study aimed to localize the priority localities (cadastral areas and regions) for preferential implementation of land consolidation. The authors selected three thematic factors to determine the risk of their occurrence in particular localities and, consequently, the need to initiate the land consolidation. The analysis is based on the assumption that the cadastral areas where land consolidations have been completed or are under way have already dealt with the above-mentioned risk factors or will do so soon. Therefore, such areas have not been included into our study. The key selected thematic factors relevant for the preferential implementation of land consolidation include: the risk of water and wind erosion in arable land, water management, and water retention in the landscape. For each of these three factors, a map of preferential localities (based on the degree of risk/suitability) was processed for initiation of land consolidation. At the same time, a simple multi-criteria analysis of the extent of the Czech Republic’s erosion (water and wind) has been prepared. The result of this analysis is the ranking of regions according to the degree of risk of erosion. The most vulnerable regions of the Czech Republic include Jihomoravský (South Moravian Region), Středočeský (Central Bohemia) and Pardubice.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2018, 19, 4; 16-28
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ zbiornika lateralnego Pakosław na położenie zwierciadła wód gruntowych terenów przyległych
Impact of Pakoslaw Lateral Reservoir on Groundwater Levels in Adjacent Areas
Autorzy:
Przybyła, C.
Kozdrój, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1819033.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
wody gruntowe
tereny przyległe
ground water
adjacent areas
Opis:
The paper presents a preliminary study of the surface waters and groundwater levels in the basin of Pakoslaw lateral reservoir. The storage reservoir, built in the year 2007 represents a lateral reservoir placed outside of the water course, but in its direct neighbourhood. The reservoir is filled by the water of Orla river from the water intake localized before the weir, while the water discharge into the river bed takers place through a discharge construction localized below the weir. The results described in this paper contain an excerpt from a long-term study on the depth to a groundwater table in the area adjacent to Pakoslaw reservoir for 2010–2012. A direct influence on the groundwater table in the particular control wells has been exerted by the water levels in the reservoir. Analysis of nearly three years of observationshas indicated that the groundwater table in the zone of potential influence of Pakoslaw reservoir is highly varied. In all control wells, the shallow water table changed in a cyclical way. The observations of the decreasing groundwater tables have shown a direct connection to rainfalls and evapotranspiration. Excessive evapotranspiration during the summer periods with shortages of rainfalls led to soil drying and lowering the groundwater table. Contrary, during the autumn-spring periods, rainfalls exceeded evapotranspiration and resulted in refilling the soil retention storage and rising groundwater levels. The usefulness of the reservoir for anti-flood purposes and its utilization in the periods of water shortage has been confirmed. Water gained during spring thaw replaces water shortage in the spring period. Therefore, the main function of the reservoir and its purpose has fulfilled its expected task. One can state that the table of the groundwater in the zone of Pakoslaw reservoir has been realized in a differentiated way. The average groundwater oscillation amplitude is 1.88 m. The smallest change of groundwater level was observed in the well P-5 and it amounted to 1.70 m, while the highest level was 2.12 m in the P-2 well indicating a high variability of the groundwater level in the particular localities of the reservoir activity. All wells are built on permeable sand layers providing good water filtration conditions. The dynamics of changes in the groundwatrer levels is mainly determined by meteorological conditions and by ait temperature. A higher variability of groundwater has been observed on agriculturally utilized areas, but in the direct neighbourhood of the reservoir.
Źródło:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2013, Tom 15, cz. 2; 1673-1688
1506-218X
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of rate and structure of water consumption in rural areas of selected counties of the Kuyavian-Pomeranian voivodeship
Autorzy:
Piasecki, A.
Jurasz, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101524.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
water consumption
waterworks system
Kuyavian-Pomeranian
rural areas
Opis:
Over recent years, the structure and rate of water consumption in Poland has exhibited significant changes. In urban areas has been observed a substantial decrease in water demand, whereas in rural areas the general trend has been the opposite. The aim of this work was to investigate the consequences of changes in area of water and sewage management in Bydgoski, Toruński and Włocławski counties, paying special attention to the rate and structure of water consumption. In this study were used data from the Central Statistical Office of Poland (GUS). The data included information concerning the length of waterworks system, and the rate and structure of water consumption in individual communes of the investigated counties. In 22 out of 28 examined units was recorded an increase of total and individual water consumption. Selected communes and rural areas have significant differences in rate and structure water consumption. The main cause of these changes are indicated to be an increase in population (migration from cities) accompanied by an expansion of waterworks.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2016, IV/2; 1411-1421
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of changes in rural areas under the selected measures of the European Union’s common agricultural policy
Autorzy:
Woch, F.
Jędrejek, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101408.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
rural areas
development of rural areas
afforestation
land consolidation
water management
village renewal
Opis:
The current paper presents the results of evaluation of the influence of selected measures within Rural Development Programme (RDP), such as spatial development, afforestation, land consolidation, water management, village renewal and agri-environmental programmes on rural areas in Poland. The data used in the study cover the years 2004-2015, and were collected from the reports of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Polish Agency for Restructuring and Modernisation of Agriculture (ARMA), Polish Central Statistical Office (CSO), with special consideration given to normative acts concerning the Rural Development Plan 2007-2013 and 2014-2020, and the results of a study on different aspects of rural development conducted at the Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation – State Research Institute in Puławy (IUNG-PIB). Our study clearly shows that aforementioned measures differ significantly in terms of the level of implementation in Poland. Thus, the spatial development operation, one of the most important activities in relation to the sustainable development of rural areas, has not been introduced in RDP as s separately task. Additionally, the initiatives regarding water retention were also not fully implemented under the RDP 2007-2013 because of the shortage of time. The process of land consolidation has contributed only to very little change in land use, from about 1% in “classical” method to 4% in “complex” method of land consolidation in the total area. On the other hand, a decline in reforestation has been observed in comparison of RDP 2004-2006 and RDP 2007-2013, which is considered to be appropriate and should lead to the target rate of afforestation of approximately 33%. The village renewal measure was entirely introduced and has a very positive effect on the agricultural environment. Agri-environmental programme plays an important role for both ecological and economical aspects of the agricultural environment and its realization covers a very wide range of actions. In conclusion, all the analysed measures have a very positive effect on the agricultural environment. However, they should be implemented more quickly and comprehensively which should lead to a more sustainable development of rural areas in Poland.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2016, IV/4; 1771-1788
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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