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    Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8
    Tytuł:
    Development of the flood vulnerability index using a multi-element approach
    Autorzy:
    Hidayah, Entin
    Agung Wiyono, Retno Utami
    Wicaksono, Ageng Dwi
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1841942.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
    Tematy:
    analytical hierarchy process
    fluvial flood
    multi-element
    vulnerability index
    Opis:
    The problem of flood vulnerability has been reviewed in several studies, however, the reviews focused exclusively either on the social or on the physical component of the problem. The components of flood vulnerability are interdependent and each of them makes an equally important contribution to the flood vulnerability index. This study identifies and evaluates the integrated flood vulnerability index (FVI) of an area by considering its multiple components (social, economic, and environmental). The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method was applied to evaluate the weight of each component. The evaluation was based on the judgements of experts working at local government policy-making agencies. The input data for the AHP were acquired through a questionnaire survey. Eleven indicators that delivered significant results were then selected. The FVI results show high flood vulnerability at the local scale. The FVI provides the basis for the identification of villages with high vulnerability indices. The results provide essential information about pluvial flood vulnerability at the local scale, about the area with the highest vulnerability index, and the most vulnerable villages. The results also show that the components that have a significant impact on the flood vulnerability index include environmental components (43.4%), social components (28.5%), and physical components (28.1%).
    Źródło:
    Journal of Water and Land Development; 2021, 50; 255-264
    1429-7426
    2083-4535
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Water and Land Development
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Activity of dehydrogenases, catalase and urease in copper polluted soil
    Aktywnosc dehydrogenaz, katalazy i ureazy w glebach zanieczyszczonych miedzia
    Autorzy:
    Wyszkowska, J
    Kucharski, M.
    Kucharski, J.
    Borowik, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/15737.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
    Tematy:
    soil pollution
    copper
    enzyme activity
    tolerance index
    vulnerability index
    dehydrogenase
    catalase
    urease
    Opis:
    Copper is a life essential element. However, in excess it can be destructive to metabolism of microbial, plant, animal and human cells. Thus, an understanding of all conditions associated with the effect produced by copper on natural environment is vital. The purpose of the present study has been to evaluate the effect of soil contamination with copper on the activity of dehydrogenases, catalase and urease as well as to determine the tolerance of these enzymes to excessive amounts of copper in soil. The variable factors of the experiment consisted of: 1) soil type: loamy sand and sandy loam; 2) copper pollution rate in mg kg-1 d.m. of soil: 0, 150, 450; 3) soil use: unseeded and seeded soil; 4) crop species: barley, spring oilseed rape and yellow lupine; 5) dates of enzymatic analyses: 25 and 50 day. The results have revealed that copper pollution, within the rates of 150 to 450 mg kg-1 d.m. of soil, significantly inhibits the activity of dehydrogeanses, urease and catalase, with catalase being the most tolerant to excessive copper, unlike dehydrogeneases, which were the most sensitive enzymes. Urease was found to be intermediate in the response to copper. Dehydrogenases, urease and catalase are the least tolerant to the inhibitory effect of copper in soil under spring oilseed rape, being the most tolerant to the pollution in soil under oats. Copper produces stronger inhibitory effect on soil enzymes in unseeded than in seeded soil. The negative effect of excess copper in soil persists and, instead of diminishing, the longer copper remains in soil, the stronger effect it yields. Dehydrognases and catalase are less tolerant to copper in sandy loam than in loamy sand, unlike urease, which was more tolerant to the pollutant in loamy sand than in sandy loam. Tolerance of plants to soil contamination with copper is a species-specific trait. Among the tested crops, yellow lupine was the least tolerant whereas spring oilseed rape was the most tolerant to copper contamination.
    Miedź jest pierwiastkiem niezbędnym do prawidłowego funkcjonowania wszystkich organizmów, jednakże jej nadmiar w środowisku może działać destrukcyjnie na metabolizm komórek drobnoustrojów, roślin i zwierząt oraz ludzi. Zatem poznanie wszystkich uwarunkowań oddziaływania miedzi na środowisko przyrodnicze jest ze wszech miar uzasadnione. Celem badań było określenie wpływu zanieczyszczenia gleby miedzią na aktywność dehydrogenaz, katalazy i ureazy oraz określenie oporności tych enzymów na nadmiar miedzi w glebie. W doświadczeniu czynnikami zmiennymi były: 1) gatunek gleby: piasek gliniasty i glina piaszczysta; 2) stopień zanieczyszczenia miedzią w mg⋅kg-1 s.m. gleby: 0, 150 , 450; 3) sposób użytkowania gleby: gleba nieobsiana i obsiana roślinami; 4) gatunek uprawianej rośliny: owies, rzepak jary i łubin żółty; 5) termin analiz enzymatycznych: 25. dzień i 50. dzień. W wyniku badań stwierdzono, że zanieczyszczenie miedzią, w zakresie od 150 mg do 450 mg·kg-1 gleby, hamuje istotnie aktywność dehydrogenaz, ureazy i katalazy. Przy czym najbardziej odporna na nadmiar miedzi jest katalaza, a najmniej dehydrogenazy. Pośrednie miejsce zajmuje ureaza. Dehydrogenazy, ureaza i katalaza są najbardziej oporne na inhibicyjne działanie miedzi w glebie pod uprawą rzepaku jarego, a najmniej pod uprawą owsa. Miedź silniej hamuje aktywność enzymów w glebie nieobsianej roślinami niż w glebie obsianej. Negatywne działanie nadmiaru tego pierwiastka w glebie ma charakter trwały i zamiast ustępować nasila się wraz z czasem jego zalegania w glebie. Dehydrogenazy i katalaza są bardziej oporne na działanie miedzi w glinie piaszczystej niż w piasku gliniastym, a ureaza odwrotnie – bardziej oporna w piasku gliniastym niż w glinie piaszczystej. Wrażliwość roślin na zanieczyszczenie miedzią jest cechą gatunkową. Spośród badanych roślin najbardziej wrażliwy jest łubin żółty, a najmniej rzepak jary.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Elementology; 2009, 14, 3; 605-617
    1644-2296
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Elementology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    An integrated assessment of vulnerability to water scarcity measurement in small islands of Indonesia
    Autorzy:
    Kusumartono, F. X. Hermawan
    Rizal, Achmad
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1076715.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    adaptation
    fresh water
    small islands
    social capital
    sustainability
    vulnerability index
    Opis:
    Water scarcity, especially in the small islands of Indonesia, has caused trouble for social maintenence of water needs. While many instruments have been developed to measure community vulnerability indexes, the majority do not reflect the overall condition. Therefore, this research will formulate a vulnerability index for water fulfillment in small islands, using a comprehensive method so that the result can be used as a reference in policy-making. This research applied the deductive-positivist approach of the quantitative method. It started off with establishing the dimensions of vulnerability: exposure, adaptive capacity, and sensitivity. These were then operationalized into indicator/parameter of indexes to measure vulnerable conditions. The result shows that this vulnerability index can be utilized as a basis for policy decision-making as it considers the attributes that had proved to be sustainable. To reduce vulnerability in small islands, there is a need for a policy that considers community capacity and adaptive patterns that could improve their social and economic capital.
    Źródło:
    World News of Natural Sciences; 2019, 24; 117-133
    2543-5426
    Pojawia się w:
    World News of Natural Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Analysis of Structural and Non-Structural Disaster Mitigation Due to Erosion in the Timbulsloko Village, Demak – Central Java
    Autorzy:
    Sugianto, Denny Nugroho
    Widiaratih, Rikha
    Widada, Sugeng
    Suripin, -
    Handayani, Elinna Putri
    Cahyaningtyas, Putri
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2027833.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
    Tematy:
    wave damping
    permeable breakwater
    coastal erosion
    Timbulsloko Village
    coastal vulnerability analysis
    coastal vulnerability index
    Opis:
    Timbulsloko is a village on the coast of Sayung District, Demak Regency that is severely affected by coastal erosion. The coastal erosion in the Timbulsloko Village is mainly caused by the removal of mangrove areas, which has eliminated the function of the natural breakwater for the coast of the Timbulsloko Village. This study aimed to mitigate the coastal erosion in the form of structural and non-structural protection. Structurally (physically), mitigation is conducted by protecting the coastal area with the application of environmentally friendly coastal protection technology in the form of a Permeable breakwater with a Hybrid Engineering structure. Furthermore, the effectiveness of two different structure segments in damping waves from September 2020 – March 2021 will be measured. In contrast, non-structurally, mitigation is conducted in a non-physical way by analyzing the Coastal Vulnerability Index of Timbulsloko Village based on the parameters of Coastal Typology, Average Tidal Range, Significant Wave Height, Coastal Slope, Coastal Geomorphology, Sea Level Rises, and Shoreline Displacement using the CVI method. The effectiveness of the permeable structure’s wave damping is determined by the initial wave height and transmission wave height measured by the ultrasonic sensor. On the basis of segment differences, the Permeable Breakwater Segment 2 with a distance between bamboo of 0.25 m has better effectiveness than a Permeable Breakwater Segment 1 with a distance between bamboo of 0.5 m. The results of the Coastal Vulnerability Analysis show that the Timbulsloko Village is vulnerable to coastal disasters, especially coastal erosion.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 2; 246-254
    2299-8993
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A multi-method approach to groundwater risk assessment : a case study of a landfill in southern Poland
    Autorzy:
    Sołtysiak, M.
    Dąbrowska, D
    Jałowiecki, K.
    Nourani, V.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2059762.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    vulnerability
    leaching tests
    contamination index
    landfills
    Opis:
    Estimating groundwater vulnerability to pollution is based on the quantitative and qualitative assessment of the degree of exposure to the pollution. This article attempts to assess groundwater vulnerability to pollution in the area of a complex of landfill sites located in the supply area of one of the important groundwater reservoirs in southern Poland. Two dynamic leaching tests and two static tests were carried out on two different samples of slag from one of the metallurgical landfills during various periods of storage (15 year old waste and freshly deposited waste). Transport equations were based on the data from a column experiment. The advection-dispersion equation for column leaching was employed, which confirmed the simulation parameters through experimentation. The results of the leaching tests on chlorides showed that they are leached from the landfill over a period of ~60–90 years from the moment of depositing the waste. The seepage time for the Quaternary aquifer is 1–7 years and, for the Triassic aquifer, 5–40 years. The Backman’s contamination index (1998) values exceeded 25, while a high threat to groundwater is observed when the contamination index value equals 3. The use of all the aforementioned methods determined the most vulnerable area.
    Źródło:
    Geological Quarterly; 2018, 62, 2; 361--374
    1641-7291
    Pojawia się w:
    Geological Quarterly
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Livelihood assessment in district 1 of Medellin – Colombia
    Autorzy:
    Mendoza, Ciro Alfonso Serna
    Czerny, Miroslawa
    Pineda, Abraham Allec Londoño
    Rojas, Oscar Alonso Velez
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1035984.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych
    Tematy:
    Livelihood
    poverty
    human development
    vulnerability
    index
    Medellin
    Opis:
    The livelihood approach aims at the analysis, understanding and restrictions that the poorest people have to face in order to recover from difficult situations. The Department for International Development model is applied to an urban zone with the purpose of making an assessment of the livelihood of the district ’la Comuna 1’ in Medellin, Colombia, which has been recognised as the poorest and one of the most dangerous districts of the city. The case study presents both a quantitative analysis (macro) and qualitative (micro) analysis, as a mixed method that allows a more complete analysis and understanding of livelihood, and providing a deeper understanding of the district from the livelihood approach. The results indicate a stable growth of livelihood during the period of analysis.
    Źródło:
    Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development; 2015, 19, 4; 9-20
    0867-6046
    2084-6118
    Pojawia się w:
    Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Socio-economic factors in the event of an oil spill in the North Adriatic
    Autorzy:
    Suban, V.
    Pegan, U.
    Demšar, J.
    Tuljak-Suban, D.
    Perkovič, M.
    Bandelj, V.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201431.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
    Tematy:
    oil spill
    vulnerability
    Northern Adriatic
    analytical hierarchy process
    costal pollution
    sensitivity mapping
    socio economic assessmnet
    environmental sensitivity index
    Opis:
    Should an oil spill of tier III magnitude occur in the Northern Adriatic, there is a high probability that the oil will reach and pollute the surrounding coastline. Therefore, it is vital to conduct coastal vulnerability studies to develop priority plans and coastal vulnerability maps to help first responders protect the coastline. As there is no common contingency plan for oil spills in the Northern Adriatic, three countries, Italy, Slovenia, and Croatia, which share the area, decided to participate in the North Adriatic Incident Response System (NAMIRS) project. Part of the project was to conduct a coastal vulnerability study in the area. One of the three pillars for determining vulnerability, in addition to the ecological and geomorphological factors, is the socioeconomic aspect, which was studied as part of the research. As there are no clear scientific methods to determine the vulnerability of the socio‐economic factors, a survey was conducted where the participants gave their subjective opinion on its value. This was done through three workshops organised in each participating country, where professional stakeholders familiar with the state of socio‐economic activities assessed their vulnerability. The values obtained were combined with the assessments of the geomorphological and environmental factors and gathered in a coastal vulnerability layer, which was incorporated into a GIS as a standard coastal vulnerability map that will help first responders prioritise coastal protection. The research results will also be useful globally and not just in the area studied by NAMIRS, since the method used is readily applicable to any part of the world.
    Źródło:
    TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2023, 17, 3; 685--691
    2083-6473
    2083-6481
    Pojawia się w:
    TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Contribution of a Geographic Information System to Assess the Vulnerability to Groundwater Pollution of the Free Water Table from the Oued Souf Region (South-East Algeria)
    Autorzy:
    Khelfaoui, Faycal
    Sayad, Lamine
    Attoui, Badra
    Bouselsal, Bouualem
    Ghezaili, Salah
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2051691.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
    Tematy:
    free aquifer
    Oued Souf
    chemical fertilizer
    vulnerability
    DRASTIC
    GOD
    susceptibility index
    pollution
    SIG
    warstwa wodonośna
    Oued Suf
    nawozy chemiczne
    zanieczyszczenia
    Opis:
    The Oued Souf free aquifer located in the South East of Algeria represents the main water resource used mostly for urban and agricultural activities. The intensive use of chemical fertilizers has led to serious environmental problems such as contamination of the free aquifer in the region. Thus, aquifer vulnerability has been assessed using several different methods (DRASTIC, GOD, and the Susceptibility Index ‘SI’) based on a geographic information system (GIS). For each method, two vulnerability maps have been developed in the years 2002 and 2012. These maps show that the study area is more exposed to urban, and especially agricultural, pollution. Two classes of vulnerability (moderate and high) have been identified by both DRASTIC and GOD methods. A combined analysis reveals that the moderate class showing 48% (for the GOD method), and the high class showing 57% (for the DRASTIC method) are the most dominant. However, the Susceptibility Index method (SI) revealed that the vulnerability varies from moderate to very high-level classes. In 2012, about of 53% of the study area was dominated by moderate vulnerability classes. The high vulnerability class also includes a considerable part of the land (41%) around urban or strongly agricultural areas, while only 6% is under very high vulnerability groundwater contamination. In addition, a marked decrease in the vulnerability level was noticed in 2012 compared to 2002. This decrease is mainly due to the lowering of the water table after the installation of a vertical drainage network to evacuate the surplus water to the depression and Chotts areas in the North of the region. These results provide a guide for decision-makers involved in the protection of groundwater pollution in such a vulnerable area.
    Źródło:
    Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports; 2021, 31, 3; 1-17
    2080-5187
    2450-8594
    Pojawia się w:
    Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8

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