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    Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6
    Tytuł:
    Treaty Interpretation by the Polish Administrative Courts: A Case Study of the Interpretation of the 1972 Prague Convention
    Autorzy:
    Zaręba, Szymon
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706626.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-07-25
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    1972 Prague Convention
    Polish practice in international law
    VCLT
    Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties
    Opis:
    This article analyses the practice of the Polish administrative courts with respect to application of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, based on a case study of the judgment of the Voivodship Administrative Court in Warsaw of 6 May 2014 (case no. II SA/Wa 117/14), which concerned the recognition of distance learning degrees awarded by Ukrainian universities pursuant to the 1972 Prague Convention. It is argued herein that the reasoning of the court suffers from four major drawbacks: 1) it is at variance with the text, object and purpose of the Prague Convention; 2) it does not take into account the practice in the application of that treaty; 3) it misinterprets the silence of the preparatory work to the Prague Convention on certain issues; and 4) it is inconsistent with international judicial decisions as regards the interpretation of the “special meaning” of one of the terms used in the Convention.
    Źródło:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2014, 34; 285-301
    0554-498X
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Jus Cogens in Contemporary International Law
    Autorzy:
    Mik, Cezary
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706788.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014-07-25
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    jus cogens, Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, VCLT, international law, peremptory norms, erga omnes
    Opis:
    International law (IL) is in principle of a dispositive nature. The international community, which is the author of international law, is decentralized. Although there is no formal hierarchy within IL as a whole, there are some hierarchical elements. One of them is jus cogens, a legal category that can be found in the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (VCLT), in different guidelines of the Internatioanl Law Commission (on fragmentation, reservations), as well as in the Articles on the responsibility of states and international organisations and in international and national jurisprudence. This article analyses jus cogens from two perspectives: normative/static (e.g. the role of Article 53 VCLT; jus cogens as a rule, and its distinguishing criteria: formal, sociological and axiological; its relation to erga omnes obligations; and the catalogue) and functional/dynamic (e.g. ius cogens and law-making, especially the conclusion and extinction of treaties; its impact on the application and interpretation of IL and normative conflicts in IL). The article concludes that: ius cogens belongs to contemporary IL, but sometimes expectations are too high; its significant distinctive criterion is an axiological one (peremptory norms protect the most important values for humans and states/peoples) – as a result jus congens can be changed, but its replacement by other rule is inconceivable without a fundamental change in the nature of international community; the legal basis is jus necessarium (the objective universal legal consciousness of states); jus cogens restricts the freedom to undertake international obligations (not only treaties); it counters the fragmentation of IL; it gains some control, through the law of responsibility, over factual acts of IL subjects and over domestic law; and jus cogens shows a tendency to extend its effects on the activities of non-state actors, including their criminal responsibility.
    Źródło:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2013, 33; 27-93
    0554-498X
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Interpretation of Secondary Instruments in International Law
    Autorzy:
    Costelloe, Daniel
    Fitzmaurice, Malgosia
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706729.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016-07-26
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    conference of the parties
    International Maritime Organization
    International Seabed Authority
    International Whaling Commission
    interpretation
    multilateral environmental treaty
    secondary instrument
    Security Council
    VCLT
    Opis:
    This article explores the legal principles that govern the interpretation of “secondary instruments” in international law. A “secondary instrument” under international law is, for the purposes of this article, a written document adopted by a body empowered by a treaty to take action with respect to the treaty, but which is not itself a treaty. Such instruments find increasing application in international law. The article specifically examines the interpretation of secondary instruments arising in five settings in international practice: the United Nations Security Council, the International Maritime Organization, the International Seabed Authority, the International Whaling Commission, and conferences/meetings of the parties under multilateral treaties. This selection of practice will serve to illustrate principles of interpretation across a range of international institutional settings for the purpose of determining the rights and obligations of state-parties to a treaty regime.
    Źródło:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2015, 35; 47-82
    0554-498X
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Implementing Achmea: The Quest for Fundamental Change in International Investment Law
    Autorzy:
    Kułaga, Łukasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706832.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-10-26
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    Achmea
    bilateral investment treaty
    BIT
    conflict of treaties
    European Union
    ISDS
    VCLT
    Opis:
    The judgment of the Court of Justice in the Achmea case evoked significant repercussions regarding the application and operation of the bilateral investment treaties (BITs) concluded between EU Member States. As a result of this decision, EU Member States have decided to terminate almost 190 intra-EU BITs. Nevertheless, full implementation of the Achmea judgment remains a complex issue, entangled in political and legal controversies concerning intra-EU BITs which have been present for more than a decade. On a more general level, the implementation process is simultaneously entwined in two other significant debates: the specifics of the rights of investors, and the relationship between EU law and international law.
    Źródło:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2019, 39; 227-250
    0554-498X
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Human Rights and the Denunciation of Treaties and Withdrawal from International Organisations
    Autorzy:
    Naldi, Gino
    Magliveras, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/960346.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014-07-25
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    human rights
    international law
    denunciation of treaties
    vclt
    vienna convention on the law of treaties
    Opis:
    In recent years the international community has witnessed the denunciation of human rights treaties by a number of States, and increasingly voluble voices can be heard urging withdrawal from the European Convention of Human Rights and the European Union. What provision does international law make for dealing with such eventualities? The focus of this article is on the interaction between the law of treaties and human rights, with special attention paid to a distinctive category of treaties. Its purpose is to consider, firstly, the legal problems attached to actual and purported denunciations of, or withdrawals from, human rights treaties; and secondly, the termination of membership in international organisations with a commitment to the promotion and protection of human rights. In many instances provision is made for a lawful withdrawal so long as certain conditions are met and stipulated requirements complied with. But a prominent question remains: Do States have a unilateral right, under international law, to extricate themselves from such obligations in the absence of explicit permission to do so? The conclusion reached, in light of the special nature of human rights treaties and frameworks, is that absent a clear implication to the contrary, withdrawal is legally impermissible.
    Źródło:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2013, 33; 95-127
    0554-498X
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    China and Hong Kong: The One Country, Two Systems Principle and Its Practical Implications for Polish Civil Courts
    Autorzy:
    Zaręba, Szymon
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706591.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014-07-25
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    enforcement of judgement, legal assistance, Hong Kong, China, VCLT, Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties
    Opis:
    This article seeks to examine the landmark decision of the Supreme Court of Poland of 11 October 2013 (ref. no. I CSK 451/12), which is the first ruling of Poland’s highest civil court on the applicability of treaties between Poland and China to the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. The article focuses on that part of the Court’s reasoning which discusses the principles and rules of international law. It is argued that despite some flaws in the Court’s reasoning, its overall conclusion was correct: the 1987 Sino-Polish Agreement on legal assistance in civil and criminal cases does not apply to Hong Kong.
    Źródło:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2013, 33; 363-369
    0554-498X
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6

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