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Wyszukujesz frazę "upper explosion limit" wg kryterium: Temat

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    Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5
    Tytuł:
    Computational equation discovery of relationships between container ship fuel consumption and hull and propeller fouling phenomena
    Autorzy:
    Cepowski, Tomasz
    Drozd, Andrzej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2064806.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    STE GROUP
    Tematy:
    LNG
    chemical composition
    explosion danger zone
    upper explosion limit
    lower explosion limit
    Opis:
    Nowadays, when we try to automatize all activities, there is a growing demand for energy in all forms. Increasingly we reach for new energy sources that can be problematic to store or to transport, owing to their toxicity or explosive propensity. The article examines the issues of determining danger zones occurring as a result of liquefied natural gas (LNG) release. The range of danger zones caused through LNG release depends on a multitude of factors. The basic parameter that needs to be considered is a type of the released substance as well as the manner of its release. The range of a danger zone is determined by, inter alia, the concentration of a released substance and the atmospheric conditions existing at the time when depressurization occurs. The article analyses the problem of the range of danger zones in a function of wind speed and surface roughness with a defined value of Pasquill stability for various LNG types, starting with pure methane, and ending with the so-called LNG-heavy. The difficulty of the task becomes more complicated when the analysed surface over which a depressurization incident takes place involves water. The problem deepens even further when the analysed substance possesses explosive properties. Then, apart from regular substance concentration, upper and lower flammability limit ought to be considered. Calculations were conducted with DNV-Phast software, version 7.11.
    Źródło:
    Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering; 2019, 2, 1; 24--30
    2545-2827
    Pojawia się w:
    Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Inertization Effects on the Explosion Parameters of Different Mix Ratios of Ethanol and Toluene – Experimental Studies
    Autorzy:
    Flasińska, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/92743.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    explosion limits
    lower explosion limit (LEL)
    upper explosion limit (UEL)
    limiting oxygen concentration (LOC)
    limiting air concentration (LAC)
    Opis:
    Each flammable substance has a range in which it can be explosively ignited when mixed with air at given temperatures and pressures. For fire or explosion to occur the appropriate amounts of oxidant and flammable substance are necessary at a concentration at least equal to its lower explosive limit. High potential toxicity and flammability of mixtures used in industry can lead to serious harm to people and the environment. Therefore, preventing accidents which can result in fire and/or explosion, is an important factor in the design of chemical processes. For this purpose, a process called inertization can be applied. In this paper the explosion characteristics of mixtures of two solvents: ethanol-toluene is discussed. Explosion parameters were experimentally determined using a closed vessel of 20 l at 120 °C and ambient pressure. Results are shown graphically as ternary diagrams with the explosion hazard areas highlighted. Results show importance of inertization in process safety.
    Źródło:
    Materiały Wysokoenergetyczne; 2016, T. 8; 111-117
    2083-0165
    Pojawia się w:
    Materiały Wysokoenergetyczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Explosion Hazard Evaluation and Determination of the Explosion Parameters for Selected Hydrocarbons C6-C8
    Autorzy:
    Flasińska, P.
    Frączak, M.
    Piotrowski, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358393.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    explosion limits
    lower explosion limit
    LEL
    upper explosion limit
    UEL
    maximum explosion pressure
    pmax
    maximum rate pressure rise
    (dp/dt)max
    Opis:
    Fire and explosion prevention plays an important role in the running of chemical processes, especially where flammable gases or liquids are present, which may form explosive atmospheres of gas/vapours in air. These include organic solvents such as the hydrocarbons C6 - C8. It is necessary to know the properties of these substances and the volume of an explosive atmosphere. Determination of these can identify and assess the risk of explosion, and zones in areas where there are or may occur explosive atmospheres. Information on explosion limits are also important in safety data sheets. In this study a research methodology is compared with previous studies and signals guidelines for explosion protection and prevention of explosions. The aim of this work was to determine the experimental explosion characteristics like LEL, UEL, pmax and (dp/dt)max for selected hydrocarbons. The investigations were carried out in accordance with EN 1839 by method b and EN 15967. The studies were conducted in a closed, spherical, acid-proof vessel of 20 dm3 internal volume
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2012, 9, 4; 399-409
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Assessment of the Range of Danger Zones Determined in a Function of LNG Chemical Composition
    Autorzy:
    Kalbarczyk-Jedynak, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2064976.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    STE GROUP
    Tematy:
    LNG chemical composition
    explosion risk area
    upper and lower explosion limit
    Opis:
    Nowadays, when we try to automatize all activities, there is a growing demand for energy in all forms. Increasingly we reach for new energy sources that can be problematic to store or to transport, owing to their toxicity or explosive propensity. The article examines the issues of determining danger zones occurring as a result of liquefied natural gas (LNG) release. The range of danger zones caused through LNG release depends on a multitude of factors. The basic parameter that needs to be considered is a type of the released substance as well as the manner of its release. The range of a danger zone is determined by, inter alia, the concentration of a released substance and the atmospheric conditions existing at the time when depressurization occurs. The article analyses the problem of the range of danger zones in a function of wind speed and surface roughness with a defined value of Pasquill stability for various LNG types, starting with pure methane, and ending with the so-called LNG-heavy. The difficulty of the task becomes more complicated when the analysed surface over which a depressurization incident takes place involves water. The problem deepens even further when the analysed substance possesses explosive properties. Then, apart from regular substance concentration, upper and lower flammability limit ought to be considered. Calculations were conducted with DNV-Phast software, version 7.11.
    Źródło:
    Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering; 2018, 1, 1; 177--181
    2545-2827
    Pojawia się w:
    Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Fenomen górnej granicy wybuchowości (GGW) paliw w powietrzu i tlenie w warunkach podwyższonego ciśnienia i temperatury
    The phenomenon of upper explosion limit of fuels in air and oxygen at elevated temperature and pressure
    Autorzy:
    Rarata, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/213416.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Lotnictwa
    Tematy:
    Instytut Techniki Cieplnej (PW)
    górna granica wybuchowości paliw w powietrzu i tlenie
    warunki podwyższonego ciśnienia i temperatury
    EPATS Europejski System Transportu Małymi Samolotami
    Institute of Heat Engineering at Warsaw University of Technology
    upper explosion limit of fuels in air and oxygen
    elevated temperature and pressure
    EPATS European Personal Air Transportation System
    Opis:
    Przedstawiona paca doświadczalna została wykonana w laboratoriach Instytutu Techniki Cieplnej PW. Artykuł zawiera wyniki serii pomiarów, których celem było ustalenie wpływu wybranych parametrów fizycznych na wartość ciśnienia wybuchu dla mieszanin gazowych alkanów z tlenem. Dane takie, łącznie z wyznaczoną wartością górnej granicy wybuchowości (GGW) dla poszczególnych mieszanin, mają podstawowe znaczenie dla ustalania odpowiednich norm bezpieczeństwa w przemyśle chemicznym. Badaniom poddano gazowe alkany, a więc metan, etan, propan oraz n-butan. Wyniki, prezentowane w postaci sumarycznych danych (tabel), zostały uzyskane w wyniku przeprowadzenia pomiarów w stalowym naczyniu kulistym o objętości 2,3 dm3. Jako źródło zapłonu użyto tzw. eksplodujący drucik (exploding wire), który uwalniał około 0,1 J energii za każdym razem. Przebieg zmian ciśnienia w czasie rejestrowano przy użyciu szybkiego czujnika piezoelektrycznego. Zbadano wpływ temperatury początkowej mieszanin testowych, w zakresie od 20°C do 200°C. Przeprowadzono również pomiary w zakresie wzrastającego ciśnienia początkowego mieszanin. Na ich podstawie autor wyznaczył wyraźne zależności GGW od początkowej wartości T oraz p badanych mieszanin.
    The presented research work has been done in the Institute of Heat Engineering laboratories at Warsaw University of Technology. The explosive range of chosen gases is determined by specific conditions of temperature and pressure. These values also depend on different factors, such as the shape of the explosion vessel, ignition energy or the presence of other substances which may, for instance, have catalytic properties. The obtained results relate the influence of chosen physical parameters on the value of the Upper Explosive Limit (UEL). Other research data is also presented in the paper. This was obtained from specially designed spherical explosion chamber of a volume of 2.3 dm3. Exploding wire was used as the ignition source. It released about 0.1 J energy each time. The influence of the increased initial temperatures of those mixtures on their value of UEL was also investigated in the range of 20°C up to 200°C. Further experiments on the influence of elevated conditions, as well as the position of ignition source and residence time, were carried out as well. A number of higher alkanes were examined (up to n-butane), both in air and oxygen mixtures. These experiments allowed the author to find distinct dependencies in the values of UEL under the investigation conditions. The results have been compared and validated with literature data and numerical code, according to the experimental conditions, methodology and adopted criteria of UEL determination. Some of the effects found were possible to explain only by acceptance of such phenomenon as cool flames appearing in the regions close to UEL. This seems to be particularly important when safety parameters or numerical modelling standards for UEL are sought.
    Źródło:
    Prace Instytutu Lotnictwa; 2010, 2 (204); 1-70
    0509-6669
    2300-5408
    Pojawia się w:
    Prace Instytutu Lotnictwa
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5

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