Informacja

Drogi użytkowniku, aplikacja do prawidłowego działania wymaga obsługi JavaScript. Proszę włącz obsługę JavaScript w Twojej przeglądarce.

English (EN)·Polski (PL)·Yкраїнський (UK)
Przejdź do strony domowej biblioteki Centralna Biblioteka Wojskowa Link otwiera się w nowym oknie Logo biblioteki Prolib Integro - strona głównaCentralna Biblioteka Wojskowa

Wyszukujesz frazę "union of Lublin" wg kryterium: Temat

  Lista filtrów
Wyrównaj
    Wyświetlanie 1-34 z 34
    Tytuł:
    Unia polsko-rosyjska z 1815 r. na tle unii lubelskiej i projektów unii Rzeczypospolitej i Rosji z XVI i XVII w.
    The Polish-Russian Union of 1815 against the background of the Lublin Union and drafts of other unions between the Republic of Poland and the Russian Empire of the 16th and 17th centuries
    Autorzy:
    Wojas, Jakub
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/927086.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-12-04
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    Polish-Russian Union
    Union of Lublin
    Polish-Muscovite Union
    Kingdom of Poland
    Opis:
    The lifetime of the Kingdom of Poland – a state connected with the Russian Empire by a union – has not been unequivocally assessed in Polish historiography. On the one hand, the Kingdom had its own army, administration and a very liberal constitution, and had quickly achieved economic prosperity. On the other hand, within a few years of its creation, there occurred the fi rst violations of the Constitution and the persecutions of those who opposed these infringements. A significant event was the revolt of the Cadets of 29 November 1830, which turned into a uprising, today referred to as the November Uprising. This article is the analysis of the legal aspects of the Polish-Russian union created in 1815. It is then compared with the Union of Lublin and the drafts of planned unions between the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Tsardom of Russia in the 16th and 17th centuries. The circumstances which led to the creation of the Kingdom of Poland and its union with the Russian Empire, as well as the earlier attempts to create one state of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Russian Empire, as well as the principles of a union of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania are presented. The principles upon which these unions were to be based are subsequently compared and analysed. A particular emphasis has been placed on the issues related to the international legal status of the Kingdom of Poland. In this context questions such as: the treaty-making power and jus legationis have also been asked. Another important issue discussed in the paper is also the role of the king in matters concerning foreign policy and a possible role of Russia in these matters. The results of this analysis allow to formulate a more objective assessment of the period of the Kingdom of Poland, focusing on its legal status and position, and in particular on the relation with the Russian Empire.
    Źródło:
    Studia Prawa Publicznego; 2017, 1 (17); 123-141
    2300-3936
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Prawa Publicznego
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Attitude of Ruthenian Magnates and Nobles toward the Union of Lublin (1569) and the Problem of the Autonomy of Ukrainian Lands within the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
    Autorzy:
    Kempa, Tomasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1178408.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu
    Tematy:
    magnates
    nobles
    Ruthenia
    Ukraine
    Union of Lublin
    law
    Orthodoxy
    Polonization
    Catholicization
    Opis:
    For a long time, historiography was dominated by a dualistic view on what had happened at the Sejm of Lublin in 1569. Thus, when describing the conclusion of the Union of Lublin, scholars focused on the Polish-Lithuanian dispute and the decisive role of King Sigismund Augustus in signing the agreement in Lublin. Recently, however, there have appeared publications highlighting the important role in the conclusion of the Lublin Union played by the Ruthenian nobility and noble representatives of the lands incorporated into the Polish Crown in 1569, that is Volhynia, eastern Podolia (Bracław Land) and the region of Kiev. The article sums up the existing knowledge on this subject, stressing the fact of the separate interests of the Ruthenian magnates, especially from Volhynia – where many well-known princely families had their family nests – in comparison to the Lithuanian magnates on the eve of the conclusion of the Union of Lublin. It facilitated the decision of the Ruthenian nobles to support not only the union itself, but also the incorporation of the above-mentioned provinces into the Polish Crown. Also thanks to this attitude of the princes and noblemen of Volhynia, Bracław Land and the region of Kiev, these areas gained relatively broad autonomy allowing them to preserve their cultural identity. There is no doubt, however, that the Union of Lublin accelerated the process of Polonization of these lands to some extent, although the process had begun well before 1569. Another important event from the point of view of maintaining the cultural identity of these provinces was the conclusion of the Union of Brest (1595–1596), as a result of which – upon the decision of most Orthodox bishops of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth – the Kiev metropolitanate became subordinated to the Holy See. On the one hand, the majority of Ruthenian nobility from the aforementioned provinces reacted in defense of the Orthodox faith, and to some extent also of the Ruthenian region, which stimulated them to strengthen their identity. In this context, noble tribunes of Ruthenian origin, such as Adam Kisiel, and Orthodox polemic writers, such as Melecjusz Smotrycki (who later became a member of the Uniate Church), began to indicate the existence of a separate Ruthenian nation, also pointing to its different features and de facto forming the foundations of its historical tradition. Zaporizhian Cossacks, who consistently defended the Orthodox faith, also joined the process to some extent. On the other hand, in the long run, the Union of Brest led to the Catholicization of local noblemen. Most of Ruthenian nobles eventually converted to the Roman Catholic denomination. However, the fact that the Uniate Church existed might have led to the situation that at least some of the Ruthenian nobles remained in the Ruthenian cultural circle even in the 18th and 19th centuries. Meanwhile, in the 17th century the role of the Ruthenian language tended to decrease in the above-mentioned territories, as it was the case in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. In the second half of the 17th century the Ruthenian language ceased to be the official language for the benefit of the Polish language.
    Źródło:
    Zapiski Historyczne; 2019, 84, 4; 41-72
    0044-1791
    2449-8637
    Pojawia się w:
    Zapiski Historyczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Idea unii polsko-litewskiej w twórczości Jana Kochanowskiego
    Autorzy:
    Rusnak, Radosław
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2031010.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-12-16
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego
    Tematy:
    Jan Kochanowski
    Union of Lublin
    Proporzec albo Hołd pruski
    Fraszki
    unia lubelska
    Opis:
    The paper takes a common view of those works by Jan Kochanowski which reflect the relationship between the author and the act of the Polish-Lithuanian Union established on 1 July 1569 in Lublin. The only text that is the poet’s direct reaction to the event in question is Proporzec or Hołd pruski, which does not mean that there are no other works of this type by Kochanowski. The examples are the poem Zgoda / Concordia, Fragment XXI (Battle with Amurat at Varna), the Latin Ode IV (Ad Concordiam) or Fraszka II 107 (Na most warszewski / On the Bridge of Warsaw).
    Źródło:
    Tematy i Konteksty; 2019, 14, 9; 158-169
    2299-8365
    Pojawia się w:
    Tematy i Konteksty
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Tekst Unii lubelskiej jako dokument epoki
    The text of Unia lubelska (The Union of Lublin) as a document of the period
    Autorzy:
    Dubisz, Stanisław
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2083649.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-12-30
    Wydawca:
    Towarzystwo Kultury Języka
    Tematy:
    the Union of Lublin
    text
    composition
    stylistics
    rhetoric
    informative and persuasive functions
    Opis:
    The union concluded at the Sejm meeting held in Lublin in 1569 established common institutions of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, thus creating the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, which survived until 1795. Apart from the ruler elected jointly by the nobility of both countries, it established the common Sejm, foreign and defence policies, and the common coin. The army, treasury, legal systems, administration, and judiciary remained separate. From the philological point of view, the following markers are substantial for characterising the Union of Lublin act: the Polish language of the text and its stylistic affi nity, diversity of the forms of the names of the document signatories, text composition and its offi cial and rhetoric style markers determining its informative and persuasive functions.
    Źródło:
    Poradnik Językowy; 2020, 779, 10; 31-43
    0551-5343
    Pojawia się w:
    Poradnik Językowy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    From the Union of Lublin to the Mutual Guarantee of the Two Nations
    Autorzy:
    Malec, Jerzy
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27308732.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
    Tematy:
    Union of Lublin
    Mutual Guarantee of the Two Nations
    union of Poland and Lithuania
    Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
    Opis:
    The purpose of this study is to show changes in the legal and political nature of the alliance between the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania over the centuries, from the Union concluded in Lublin in 1569, through the so-called ‘coequatio iuris’ of 1697, until the regulations adopted in the Constitution of May 3, and the “Reciprocal Guarantee of Both Nations” crowning the process and passed at the Four-Year Sejm on October 20, 1791. The study uses a wide range of archival manuscript sources, old prints, parliamentary legislation, and also numerous studies using both old and current literature. The main research goal of the study was to show to what extent the changes in the legal nature of the union of the two countries led to their full unification, which was in the past (and sometimes still is) the interpretation of this process in many studies, and to what extent the federalist character of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was preserved, which is nowadays the dominant view and which the author of this study is a strong supporter of.
    Źródło:
    Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica; 2023, 22, 1; 455-484
    1732-9132
    2719-9991
    Pojawia się w:
    Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Nieznana pieczęć odnaleziona przy dokumencie Unii lubelskiej
    Unknown seal in The Union of Lublin Act
    Autorzy:
    Król-Próba, Justyna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1065333.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Archiwum Główne Akt Dawnych
    Tematy:
    Unia Lubelska
    dokument pergaminowy
    pieczęć
    sfragistyka
    The Union of Lublin
    parchment
    seal
    sphragistics
    sigillography
    Opis:
    The act of the Polish-Lithuanian Union of 1569, so-called The Union of Lublin, is preserved in the holdings of the Central Archives of Historical Records in Warsaw in the collection of parchment records (ref. No. 5627). This is the 16th c. parchment document with a large group of pendant wax seals. Until now it was thought that 77 seals were attached to the document. However, during the restoration work carried out in the Central Laboratory for Conservation of Archive Materials in Warsaw was revealed another previously unknown seal. This article describes this seal as well as the attempts to identify its owner.
    Źródło:
    Miscellanea Historico-Archivistica; 2016, 23; 255-258
    0860-1054
    Pojawia się w:
    Miscellanea Historico-Archivistica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Historyczne i artystyczne znaczenie krucyfiksu Unii Lubelskiej
    Historical and artistic significance of the Crucifix of the Union of Lublin
    Autorzy:
    Głodzik, Gabriela
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1954048.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    Krucyfiks Unii Lubelskiej
    krucyfiks ołtarzowy z kości słoniowej
    rzeźba z kości słoniowej w Polsce
    Unia lubelska Jana Matejki
    Crucifix of the Union of Lublin
    ivory altar crucifix
    ivory sculpture in Poland
    Jan Matejko's Union of Lublin
    Opis:
    It is not known for how long the Crucifix of the Union of Lublin has belonged to the furnishing of the Dominican Fathers monastery in Lublin. Dispersed, and to a large extent destroyed archival records of the monastery do not allow reconstruction of history of that object that is linked by the Dominican tradition with the swearing-in ceremony of the Union of Lublin in 1569 and with Jan Matejko's painting. The first part of the present article is an attempt at explaining the old tradition and comparing it to Matejko's artistic vision of Unia Lubelska (Union of Lublin). This required putting the Lublin crucifix in the context of the swearing-in on the basis of the diary of the Union of 1569. The records do not mention the crucifix. Its place is taken by the New Testament. The painter faced a similar problem; as a result he weaved the Dominican tradition in the source description of the event. Today it is hard to tell if the tradition of the Crucifix of the Union of Lublin is credible. It must have been generally known in the 19th century since Matejko learned about it. The Dominican cross made of ivory became inspiration for his painting. The artist willingly used a language full of allusions to painting and meanings hidden in objects. The symbol of the snake on the base made it possible to give a new direction to the interpretation of the cross: an enslaved nation, like Christ, will soon defeat the enemy power. The legend hidden in the reliquary for St. Stanisław's head, the gospel about resurrection, the cross as a sign of triumph, together form a pictorial vision of the fall and resurrection of the homeland. The Crucifix of the Union of Lublin represents a group of small altar crucifixes made of ivory, often found in churches and monasteries all over Poland. They were especially popular in the baroque period. They were mass-produced in the Catholic countries of Europe, especially in France and Italy. Their distinguishing features are the rare and costly material – ivory – of which the figure was sculptured, and the wooden cross covered with black enamel. Two variations of presentations of Christ on the cross can be distinguished: that of Christ as an alive person, and as a dead one. The Lublin crucifix is an example of modern sculpture in ivory, with a new iconographical interpretation, presenting the alive Christ, raising his head to God the Father and uttering his last words at the moment of his death. The problem of the ivory sculpture in Poland has not yet been undertaken by Polish researchers.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Humanistyczne; 2004, 52, 4; 263-300
    0035-7707
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Humanistyczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Deputies of Vitebsk District to the Sejm of Lublin in 1569: The Social Biography of Piotr Kisiel and Tymofiej Hurko
    Autorzy:
    Padalinski, Uladzimir A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1178396.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu
    Tematy:
    Union of Lublin
    biography
    nobles
    social activity
    Grand Duchy of Lithuania
    Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
    Vitebsk district
    Sejm
    Opis:
    The aim of the article is to examine the most important forms of social activity of the petty and middle nobility of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the second half of the 16th century on the example of the unique life stories of two Vitebsk noblemen. The article discusses biographies of Piotr Kisiel and Tymofiej Hurka, who represented the Vitebsk district at the Sejm in 1569 and directly participated in the conclusion of the Union of Lublin. For a long time, the historiography discussed only the most influential participants of the sessions of this Sejm. However, ‘ordinary’ representatives of the wide group of nobles from the districts of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania also played their part in negotiations regarding the conclusion of the union. The aims, ideas, worldview, and values along with the personal experiences of those people directly affected their social and political position, and thus, to some extent, shaped the entire state. The author shows the influence of military and political events of the 1560s on the political activities of Piotr Kisiel and Tymofiej Hurka. The experience gained from the Livonian War influenced their attitude towards the union between the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Polish Crown in 1569. The investigations presented by the author show that significant transformations of the 1560s (reforms of the political system of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the creation of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth) gave the Kisiel and Hurka families the opportunity to actively participate in public life and allowed them to occupy a permanent place among the political elites of the Vitebsk district. The research results are based on various types of documentary sources, both published ones and manuscripts. The methodological basis of the analysis is the biographical method. The article emphasizes that detailed investigations of the biographies of ‘ordinary’ nobles opened new research perspectives in regard to the history of the noblemen of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the entire Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
    Źródło:
    Zapiski Historyczne; 2019, 84, 4; 73-96
    0044-1791
    2449-8637
    Pojawia się w:
    Zapiski Historyczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ivan Ivanovich Lappo’s Views on the Circumstances of Establishing the Union of Lublin in the Context of Pre-Revolutionary Russian Historiography
    Autorzy:
    Ambroziak, Tomasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1178395.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu
    Tematy:
    Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
    Grand Duchy of Lithuania
    Union of Lublin
    Ivan Ivanovich Lappo
    Russian historiography
    history of historiography
    Opis:
    The aim of the article is to analyze the views of Ivan Ivanovich Lappo regarding the circumstances of the conclusion of the Union of Lublin. The opinions of this historian were presented in the context of the views of Russian pre-revolutionary historiography, especially of such authors as Nikolay Gerasimovich Ustryalov, Mikhail Osipovich Koyalovich, Nikolay Alexeyevich Maksimieyko, Matvey Kuzmich Lyubavskiy and Fedor Ivanovich Leontovich. The article belongs to the vast area of studies on the history of historiography, the undertaking of which allows the assessment of the current scholarly achievements and research methodology, and thus making new research postulates. It should be noted that, despite some evolution, the fundamental assessment of the Union of Lublin in Russian pre-revolutionary historiography remained negative. However, the circumstances and reasons for its conclusion were perceived differently. Although the description of the conclusion of the Union of Lublin was not the main research goal for I. Lappo, he carried out a fairly detailed reconstruction of the Sejm of Lublin and the circumstances of the conclusion of the Polish-Lithuanian union in 1569. It seems that the aim of such a procedure was not only to explain the attitude of Lithuanians towards Poles and the legal relationship between the Grand Duchy and the Crown, but first of all to support of the historian’s fundamental thesis that, as a result of the Union of Lublin, the Grand Duchy did not lose its independence and distinctiveness. This historian not only reported the course of the Sejm of Lublin and the decision of the Act of the Union of July 1, but also confronted the views of Poles and Lithuanians concerning the conditions of the Union and the way it was concluded. According to him, the historical reality and the political system of the Grand Duchy until 1569 corresponded to the project of a union presented by Lithuanians. In his opinion, the aim of Poles was not to bring about real unification based on the principles of equality and fraternity, but to force Lithuanians to enter into a union through the implementation of old rights and privileges. In some parts of his research, however, the scholar differentiated between the radical attitude of the Chamber of Deputies of the Crown and the more conciliatory position of the Senate. The description of King Sigismund Augustus’s activities presented by I. Lappo turned out to be quite paradoxical and partly incoherent. On the one hand, the historian claimed that the monarch was under the influence of Poles and betrayed the Grand Duchy. On the other hand, he quoted a number of cases in which the king’s attitude contradicted this general opinion. Lappo’s general attitude towards the Union of Lublin remained negative. The historian clearly sympathized with Lithuanians, seeing Poles as merely caring for their own interests to the detriment of the Grand Duchy. The analysis of Lappo’s views made in this article shows that there are elements in his concepts that testify to the connection with the traditional narrative of Russian historiography, as well as new and original ideas.
    Źródło:
    Zapiski Historyczne; 2019, 84, 4; 97-122
    0044-1791
    2449-8637
    Pojawia się w:
    Zapiski Historyczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Jana Ponętowskiego wierszowana relacja o unii lubelskiej i sejmie 1569 roku
    Autorzy:
    Kroczak, Jerzy
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2031013.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-12-16
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego
    Tematy:
    union of Lublin
    parliament of 1569
    Jan Ponętowski
    news
    historiography
    Maciej Stryjkowski
    unia lubelska
    sejm walny 1569
    nowiny
    historiografia
    Opis:
    The union between Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania, a legal act with permanent and historically important effects, was signed in Lublin in 1569. Jan Ponętowski (a nobleman, probably a witness of the events) wrote a poetic report on the event entitled Krótki rzeczy polskich sejmowych pamięci godnych komentarz (Short Commentary on Memorable Polish Parliamentary Matters), printed in Cracow in 1569. The paper touches upon what Ponętowski says about the Union and other events in Lublin during the parliament: diplomatic missions, judgments, topics of talks and news from other lands. It also tries to explain why the Union of Lublin (the most important achievement of the parliament) was only marginally described by the author; and also why he only laconically reported the solemn feudal homage of Albert Frederick,  the Duke of Prussia, to the Polish king Sigismund II Augustus. The paper compares Ponętowski’s book with old-Polish historiographical descriptions of these matters.
    Źródło:
    Tematy i Konteksty; 2019, 14, 9; 185-201
    2299-8365
    Pojawia się w:
    Tematy i Konteksty
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wyciszana klęska unii lubelskiej: litewska odsiecz wiedeńska
    Autorzy:
    Obremski, Krzysztof
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2031020.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-12-16
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego
    Tematy:
    Union of Lublin
    John III Sobieski
    Vienna
    school theatre
    Unia lubelska
    Jan III Sobieski
    Wiedeń
    teatr szkolny
    Opis:
    Did the Union of Lublin pass the test of time in 1683 in perhaps in the most difficult period for it? The Lithuanian relief of Vienna was only simulated, but if everything was calmed down, it was because the anti-Royal opposition was strong and John III was weak. At the same time, a problem arose of how to proclaim the glory of the Viennese triumph without humiliating the late and infamous Lithuania? The answer is a school Jesuit theatre and a performance entitled Picture of Victory [...].
    Źródło:
    Tematy i Konteksty; 2019, 14, 9; 267-276
    2299-8365
    Pojawia się w:
    Tematy i Konteksty
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Kościół prawosławny w dobie Unii Lubelskiej. Kryzys czy początek odrodzenia?
    The Orthodox Church in the era of the Union of Lublin. A crisis or the beginning of a revival?
    Autorzy:
    Gil, Andrzej
    Rachuba, Andrzej
    Choińska-Mika, Jolanta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/chapters/16539284.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-12-23
    Wydawca:
    Archiwum Główne Akt Dawnych
    Tematy:
    Kościół prawosławny
    Unia Lubelska
    Kryzys Kościoła
    reforma Kościoła
    Union of Lublin 1569
    Orthodox Church
    Kiev Metropolis
    crisis
    Opis:
    The Orthodox Church in the Polish-Lithuanian state of the 16th century was organized under a unified and hierarchical structure of the Kiev Metropolis. Theoretically, it was subordinated to its Mother Church in Constantinople, in practice, however, it was almost fully autonomous with regard to its internal operation; in terms of organization and property, it was embedded in the social and economic system of the state of its time. Historiography to date has generally accepted the thesis about the multi-faceted crisis that the Orthodox in the Kiev Metropolis were supposed to be experiencing. This crisis was to intensify especially after the Union of Lublin in 1569, when fundamental structural changes were effected within the monarchy ruled by Sigismund Augustus. Transfer of four voivodeships from the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, in which the Orthodox Ruthenian population was an important (and sometimes dominant) constituent part, into the borders of the Crown (the Kingdom of Poland), was to be the foundation on which Polish state administration and great landowners intended to build a new religious reality, primarily through the expulsion of the local Orthodox Church. An analysis of the situation of the Kiev Metropolis in the second half of the 16th century shows that its condition did not differ significantly from what was happening in the Polish Catholic Church at the time. As far as the economic foundations are concerned, the Orthodox Church in the Commonwealth after 1569 owned assets sufficient to perform its function in every extent required by church law and custom, especially since it had institutional support, namely the ktetor system. The period following the Union of Lublin was also characterized by an expansion of Orthodox Church structures, especially at the level or parishes, whose number increased significantly. Artistic and spiritual culture flourished, as is clearly evident in the extant examples of icons, sacral architecture, liturgical books and theological literature. New forms of activity of the faithful (laymen) have emerged, such as Orthodox brotherhoods. Therefore, in my opinion, the Kiev Metropolis in the second half of the 16th century did not differ from other religious communities, both in the Commonwealth and in other countries of Central and Eastern Europe. The only crisis that really affected it at the time was a crisis of growth.
    Źródło:
    Unia Lubelska 1569 roku i unie w Europie Środkowo-Wschodniej; 185-195
    9788395630255
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Unia Lubelska we współczesnej ukraińskiej historiografii i dydaktyce
    The Union of Lublin in contemporary Ukrainian historiography and didactics
    Autorzy:
    Biłous, Natalia
    Rachuba, Andrzej
    Choińska-Mika, Jolanta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/chapters/16647206.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-12-23
    Wydawca:
    Archiwum Główne Akt Dawnych
    Tematy:
    Unia Lubelska
    historiografia ukraińska
    dydaktyka
    nauczanie historii
    Union of Lublin
    Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
    Ukraine
    historiography
    history textbooks
    Opis:
    In Ukrainian historiography, treatment of the significance and aftermath of the Union of Lublin depended on ideological priorities of the time. In the 19 th and 20 th century historians were united by a sustained anti-Polish attitude. As early as in the 19th century, the scholars built an image of Poland as the main “stranger” in Ukrainian history. This negative image survived throughout the 20th century and passed into the 21st century. The purpose of the article is to examine various historiographic problems and stereotypes related to the Union of Lublin in the last 25 years and evolution, i.e. transformation, of the views of Ukrainian historians and textbook authors regarding this landmark event. Soviet historiography borrowed the negative assessment of the Union of Lublin and its consequences for Ukraine from the “national” concept of Mykhailo Hrushevsky and, going further, added new stereotypes to it. In the mid-1990s we observe a departure from the model introduced by Hrushevsky and the Soviet model of writing about history. As a result of the new political realities, some emphases in historiography have shifted, the evaluations of events have changed slightly, and historians have outlined new, neutral evaluations of the union. Over the past ten years, a number of modern works by Ukrainian researchers have emerged, appreciating the common heritage of Poland and Ukraine, especially from the history of parliamentarianism, ideology, identity and culture, the history of the nobility, the bourgeoisie and the Cossacks, which have their roots in the Union of Lublin, when the Ukrainian lands became part of the former Commonwealth. In 2019, in connection with the 450th anniversary of the Union of Lublin, interest in this event among the Ukrainian public has increased. A scholarly conference was held with the support of the Polish Institute in Kiev. Unfortunately, new views of historians have not affected the content of most textbooks for secondary and tertiary schools. They still describe the Union of Lublin along the lines of the “best” Soviet models. In recent years, state policy in Ukraine has been aimed primarily at overcoming myths about the 20th century. Therefore, much attention is paid to the content of the recent history books, while the events of the 16th–17th century remain in its “shadow”. Although ideological formulas and stereotypes of national and Soviet historiography have been partly incorporated into contemporary textbooks, some positive changes in the assessment of the consequences of the Union of Lublin are already visible. The topic of the Union of Lublin is well suited for developing critical thinking among pupils and students. It allows them to form their own assessment, based on facts, sources and the latest research by historians.
    Źródło:
    Unia Lubelska 1569 roku i unie w Europie Środkowo-Wschodniej; 273-291
    9788395630255
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Between the Union of Lublin and the Mutual Pledge of the Two Nations: From the Union of Two States to the Commonwealth of Three Provinces
    Autorzy:
    Zakrzewski, Andrzej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1178393.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu
    Tematy:
    Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
    Polish Crown
    Grand Duchy of Lithuania
    Union of Lublin
    political system
    law
    changes of the political system
    Opis:
    The aim of the article is to present changes in the position of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania towards the Polish Crown within the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the years 1569–1791. The analysis was based on the transformation of both common (monarch, Sejm) and separate (central and local offices, judicial system and law) institutions in the context of economic, social and cultural changes of the era. Gradually, the Commonwealth was transforming into a state in which Lithuania was not so much one of its two parts – along with the Crown, but one of its three provinces – along with Lesser Poland and Greater Poland. It was, however, a special province since it had its own ministers, offices, courts, treasury and fiscal courts along with its own codification of political and private law. The rule introduced in 1673 that every third Sejm was to be held in Grodno, however, was rarely observed. The reasons for this change were: the smaller population of the Grand Duchy, its lower fiscal income along with the war damage and territorial losses suffered in the mid-17th century. This transformation was also facilitated by the fact that the Lithuanian political system and laws became increasingly similar to the Polish ones. Another factor was the slow creation of a sense of political community among nobles of both the Crown and Lithuania. This feeling was born not only out of the same rights and privileges, but also owing to the immigration of the Crown noblemen to the lands of the Grand Duchy and joining – by marriage – Lithuanian noble families, which was especially the case among magnate families. During this period, the common culture of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth based on the Polish language – lingua franca of the whole state – was also created. Other languages also functioned in the Polish- -Lithuanian state, but Polish, enriched by Lithuanian, Ruthenian, Latin, German and Oriental elements, began to dominate. The Government Act of 3 May 1791 did not mention the Grand Duchy at all, but created a common government for the whole of Commonwealth – the Guard of Laws and Great Commissions. Mutual Pledge of the Two Nations, unanimously adopted on 20 October 1791, constituted an attempt to return to the dualism from the era of the Union of Lublin. This act granted Lithuanians half of the commissioners in the military and fiscal commissions and – in the future – in the police commission. Lithuania also retained separate ministers, offices, a separate treasury and tax judiciary. Thus, the gradual unification of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was still visible, while maintaining some separate aspects, which were important for Lithuanians, albeit secondary in the scale of the entire state. Nevertheless, this process was interrupted by the upcoming partitions.
    Źródło:
    Zapiski Historyczne; 2019, 84, 4; 5-40
    0044-1791
    2449-8637
    Pojawia się w:
    Zapiski Historyczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wincentego Skrzetuskiego litewskie rozdwojenie jaźni. Litwa wobec Korony w Rzeczypospolitej XVI–XVIII wieku
    Lithuanian split personality of Wincenty Skrzetuski. Lithuania versus the Crown in the Commonwealth of the 16th–18th century
    Autorzy:
    Zakrzewski, Andrzej
    Rachuba, Andrzej
    Choińska-Mika, Jolanta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/chapters/16647388.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-12-23
    Wydawca:
    Archiwum Główne Akt Dawnych
    Tematy:
    Wincenty Skrzetuski
    Wielkie Księstwo Litewskie
    Litwa
    Korona Polska
    Polska
    Rzeczpospolita
    szlachta polska
    Lithuania
    Crown
    Union of Lublin
    Commonwealth
    Opis:
    Piarist Wincenty Skrzetuski, author of the most popular, at the end of the 18th century, compendium of knowledge about the system of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, noted that the Grand Duchy of Lithuania was one of its three provinces, alongside Małopolska and Wielkopolska. At the same time, he treated Lithuania, due to its separate treasury, army, law and system of courts and ministers, as an equal part of the Commonwealth. The Grand Duchy has indeed evolved significantly from the 16th century onwards. Not only its elites, but gradually the nobility too were acquiring a sense of belonging to the Commonwealth. Similar processes can be observed with regard to the Crown nobility. Thus, a single political nation of the Commonwealth was being formed. During the reign of King Stanisław August Poniatowski, an accelerated modernization took place, accompanied by a cautious – unfinished – unification of both parts of the Polish-Lithuanian state. For the purposes of political tactics, the Lithuanians and the Crowners used the term “province” very flexibly; both as a state and its province (part of it). From the legal point of view, both of these concepts could be justified. Wincenty Skrzetuski thus reproduced in his compendium the reality of political practice.
    Źródło:
    Unia Lubelska 1569 roku i unie w Europie Środkowo-Wschodniej; 259-272
    9788395630255
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ośrodek tajnego nauczania przy Państwowym Gimnazjum i Liceum im. Unii Lubelskiej w Lublinie
    The Underground Education Center at the Union of Lublin State Middle and Secondary School in Lublin
    Autorzy:
    Szady, Joanna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48526049.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii Nauki im. Ludwika i Aleksandra Birkenmajerów
    Tematy:
    tajne nauczanie
    Państwowe Gimnazjum i Liceum im. Unii Lubelskiej
    underground education
    Union of Lublin State Middle and Secondary School in Lublin
    Opis:
    The article describes the activity of one of the three main underground education centres at the level of general secondary school operating in Lublin from 1939 to 1944. The functioning of the centre is shown taking account of the elements of educational policy and the realities of the local occupation situation. The text attempts to comprehensively describe the issue of secret teaching conducted in the discussed environment, which has so far been presented mainly in publications dealing with the participation of teachers in the underground education movement in the Lublin region or in memoirs. The article discusses the circumstances in which the underground education centre was established, the conditions under which it functioned, the participation of teachers and students in conspiratorial educational work, the didactic methods applied and the outcome of students’ involvement in secret teaching. The results of the quantitative balance have been obtained based on the analysis of various statistical data, including previously unknown materials stored in the Central Archives of Modern Records. To make a full picture of the activities of the ‘Union’ Centre, archival materials have also been used from the resources of the State Archives in Lublin, the Archives of the 3rd Union of Lublin Secondary School in Lublin, handwritten materials from the resources of Lublin libraries as well as published reports and memories of former teachers and students of the school. By compiling data from source materials and thematic publications, a list of 36 underground teachers cooperating with the ‘Union’ Centre has been made.
    Źródło:
    Rozprawy z Dziejów Oświaty; 2022, 59; 223-244
    0080-4754
    Pojawia się w:
    Rozprawy z Dziejów Oświaty
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Unia Lubelska aktem założycielskim Rzeczypospolitej
    The Union of Lublin as a founding act of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
    Autorzy:
    Krochmal, Jacek
    Rachuba, Andrzej
    Choińska-Mika, Jolanta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/chapters/16647667.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-12-23
    Wydawca:
    Archiwum Główne Akt Dawnych
    Tematy:
    unia lubelska
    Rzeczpospolita
    unie polsko-litewskie
    Union of Lublin
    Polish-Lithuanian unions
    Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
    Central Archive of Historical Records
    AGAD
    Źródło:
    Unia Lubelska 1569 roku i unie w Europie Środkowo-Wschodniej; 13-64
    9788395630255
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Dokument Unii Lubelskiej w Archiwum Głównym Akt Dawnych
    The document of the Union of Lublin in the Central Archive of Historical Records
    Autorzy:
    Wajs, Hubert
    Rachuba, Andrzej
    Choińska-Mika, Jolanta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/chapters/16648080.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-12-23
    Wydawca:
    Archiwum Główne Akt Dawnych
    Tematy:
    Unia Lubelska
    AGAD
    Archiwum Główne Akt Dawnych
    dokument unii lubelskiej
    UNESCO
    Central Archive of Historical Records
    parchment documents
    Union of Lublin
    Opis:
    It took King Sigismund Augustus the entire decade of the 1560s to bring the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania together. The plan was finalized on 1st of July 1569 at the General Sejm in Lublin. Before that, intense negotiations were held for almost three weeks, from 10th to 27th of June 1569. The conclusion of the agreement was completed by the exchange of acts of the union by both parties and the confirmation issued by the king, according to the “script” from Vilnius dated 24th March 1569. Evidence of those events is preserved in the only surviving parchment document of the Union of Lublin. It is the copy that the Lithuanian side has presented to the Polish side, authenticating it with 78 wax seals. The document is preserved in the Central Archive of Historical Records in Warsaw, in the Collection of Parchment Records, no. 5627. Before World War II, the document was viewed by professors Władysław Semkowicz and Stanisław Kutrzeba, publishers of the source edition Akta unii Polski z Litwą 1385–1791 [Records of the Poland-Lithuania Union 1385–1791] (Kraków 1932). At that time they saw two other acts of the Union of Lublin, which they also published in their book. Those were: the Union document presented by the Polish side to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (with 140 seals) and the so-called Original No. 2 (with 63 seals) of the Lithuanian document (i.e. the extant one). The article attempts to reconstruct the work of the Polish Crown Chancellery, operating under the supervision of Vice-Chancellor Franciszek Krasiński, which between 29 th June and 1 st July 1569 prepared these documents and organized their sealing by several hundred signatories. In the text, special attention is given – as Władysław Semkowicz and Stanisław Kutrzeba have already done – to the differences between the two documents of the Lithuanian side (the extant one and the lost one).
    Źródło:
    Unia Lubelska 1569 roku i unie w Europie Środkowo-Wschodniej; 165-175
    9788395630255
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    „A niechaj już unijej w skrzyniach nie chowamy” – akty unii lubelskiej i horodelskiej z archiwum Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego w zbiorach Radziwiłłów
    „Let us no longer secrete the Unions in our coffers”. Union of Lublin and Union of Horodło acts from the archives of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the Radziwiłłs’ collection
    Autorzy:
    Jankowski, Rafał
    Rachuba, Andrzej
    Choińska-Mika, Jolanta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/chapters/16624571.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-12-23
    Wydawca:
    Archiwum Główne Akt Dawnych
    Tematy:
    Unia Lubelska
    Unia horodelska
    unie polsko-litewskie
    Radziwiłłowie
    Wielkie Księstwo Litewskie
    Archiwum
    Union of Horodło
    Union of Lublin
    Radziwiłł Warsaw Archive
    documentary archive of the Great Duchy of Lithuania
    Opis:
    The article discusses the preservation history of two copies of the Union of Lublin act, the fate of which is unknown. These were: the second copy of the Lithuanian side’s act issued for the Polish Crown and the act of the Union handed over by the Polish side to Lithuanians. In the course of describing the history of the acts of the Union of Lublin, the author also describes the fate of several documents directly related to the Union of Lublin, contained in the Radziwiłł collection. Since the times of Nyasvizh and Kleck fee holder Antoni Wilhelm Radziwiłł (1833–1904), the acts of the Union of Lublin were kept under supervision in a special box which also contained the acts of the Union of Horodło. For this reason, the article also presents the course of preservation of the Union of Horodło. The author of the article puts forward a hypothesis that the acts of both the Union of Horodło and the Union of Lublin from the Radziwiłł collection were burnt in Warsaw together with the Krasiński fee library in the first half of October 1944.
    Źródło:
    Unia Lubelska 1569 roku i unie w Europie Środkowo-Wschodniej; 292-334
    9788395630255
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Unia Lubelska a problem rywalizacji o przywództwo w elicie politycznej Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego
    The Union of Lublin and the problem of competition for leadership within the political elite of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
    Autorzy:
    Kempa, Tomasz
    Rachuba, Andrzej
    Choińska-Mika, Jolanta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/chapters/16648085.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-12-23
    Wydawca:
    Archiwum Główne Akt Dawnych
    Tematy:
    Union of Lublin
    magnates
    elite of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
    Sigismund II Augustus
    Unia lubelska
    magnateria
    elita Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego
    Zygmunt II August
    Opis:
    The paper presents the problem of power struggle among the leading Lithuanian magnates in the context of the preparation and conclusion of the Union of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania with the Crown of Poland in 1569. Three centres contended to play a major role in Lithuanian policy before the Union of Lublin: The Radziwiłłs, with their undisputed leader – Chancellor, and Voivode of Vilnius, Mikołaj known as “the Red”; the Chodkiewicz family, among whom the starost of Samogitia, Jan Chodkiewicz, grew to be the most active figure even before the Sejm in Lublin; and a representative of Orthodox Church adherents, Knyaz [prince] Jerzy Olelkowicz Słucki, who did not hold any prestigious offices. The aspirations of Prince Słucki stemmed from the fact that he was the closest relative of Sigismund II Augustus, the last representative of Jagiellonian dynasty on the Polish-Lithuanian throne. While Radziwiłł “the Red” was against the new, stricter union with Poland, the other two magnates opposed him, supporting the idea of a new union. Since the King supported the project of further political rapprochement between Poland and Lithuania since the Sejm of 1562/63, the support for the union brought Chodkiewicz a number of promotions and royal endowments in the 1560s (all the more so as the monarch wanted to pit the Chodkiewicz family against the Radziwiłłs, who were all-powerful in Lithuania at that time). Jan Chodkiewicz was also able to take advantage of the obstruction that “Red” used during the Lublin Sejm (when he forced the Lithuanians to secretly leave Lublin), and it was ultimately he who played a major role in completing negotiations on the union and signing the new union in 1569. Although “Red” did not return to Lublin to finalise the union deliberations, he quickly regained the King’s trust. He was supported by the younger generation of the Radziwiłłs, including his son Krzysztof and his nephew Mikołaj Krzysztof, who had sworn an oath of union in Lublin. Prince Słucki’s plan, on the other hand, failed completely. Słucki, as a result of his absence from the Sejm in Lublin due to illness, lost his chance to gain an exceptional position in the new Senate (as the king’s closest relative). The Union of Lublin did not change the balance of power in Lithuania. Mikołaj “the Red” Radziwiłł and Jan Chodkiewicz remained the most influential Lithuanian magnates in the following years.
    Źródło:
    Unia Lubelska 1569 roku i unie w Europie Środkowo-Wschodniej; 140-161
    9788395630255
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Doświadczając historii: melancholia przeszłości w kulturach peryferyjnych na przykładzie Polski i Portugalii
    Autorzy:
    Partyka, Joanna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2031005.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-12-16
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego
    Tematy:
    Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
    Portugal
    Union of Lublin
    Iberian Union
    historical consciousness
    peripheral culture
    Rzeczpospolita Obojga Narodów
    Portugalia
    unia lubelska
    unia iberyjska
    świadomość historyczna
    kultura peryferyjna
    Opis:
    In this paper I combine several different notions from broadly conceived humanities and two histories: of Poland and of Portugal at the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries. I comprehend here the experiencing of history as a way of treating one’s own, national past. The metaphor of experiencing history is related to the question of what the historical circumstances and situations are, what the purpose is and what history is referred to by the elites who are instrumental in shaping national identity. Melancholy of the past is already a partial answer-thesis to the question: In what way? The notion of peripheral cultures seems to be useful when we attempt to answer the question: in what situations and for what purpose we (the Portuguese and the Poles) referred, but also still continue to refer, to the past/history. Some considerations on the experience of history will have the following two Unions in the background: the Iberian Union (1580) and the Union of Lublin (1569).
    Źródło:
    Tematy i Konteksty; 2019, 14, 9; 109-115
    2299-8365
    Pojawia się w:
    Tematy i Konteksty
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Kogo na sejmie lubelskim reprezentował Augustyn Rotundus Mieleski (†1582), wójt wileński i sekretarz królewski?
    Who did the Vogt of Vilnius, Royal Secretary Augustinus Rotundus Mieleski (†1582) represent at the Sejm of Lublin?
    Autorzy:
    Ragauskas, Aivas
    Rachuba, Andrzej
    Choińska-Mika, Jolanta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/chapters/16648103.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-12-23
    Wydawca:
    Archiwum Główne Akt Dawnych
    Tematy:
    Unia Lubelska
    sejm lubelski 1569 r.
    Lublin
    Wilno
    wójt wileński
    sekretarz królewski
    Augustyn Rotundus Mieleski
    Union of Lublin
    Sejm of Lublin of 1569
    Vilnius
    Vogt
    of Vilnius
    Royal Secretary
    Augustinus Rotundus Mieleski
    Opis:
    The Vogt of Vilnius, Royal Secretary Augustinus Rotundus (the Rotund, Mieleski) was present at the Sejm of Lublin in 1569 at the initiative of the Lithuanian Chancellor and Vilnius Voivode Mikołaj “the Red” Radziwiłł. He participated in the Sejm as the Royal Secretary and Counsellor of the Lithuanian delegation, as well as a renowned historian and an experienced lawyer. Rotundus remained in close relations with the Radziwiłłs, perhaps even as a cliens. Likewise, in his capacity of notary public, Rotundus was the proxy of the Bishop of Vilnius Walerian Protasewicz. Thus, the Vogt of Vilnius was not a member of the Lithuanian delegation or a representative of the city of Vilnius. He could not be the latter due to the specificity of the office of the vogt – until the beginning of the 17 th century the vogt of Vilnius was not elected by the magistrate; he was the king’s representative in the city. As a Royal Secretary, harbouring aspirations to nobility, Rotundus (originating from a bourgeois family in Wieluń) did not want to be identified with the city. Nevertheless, Rotundus has served Vilnius well through his behind-the-scenes activities to the benefit of the city.
    Źródło:
    Unia Lubelska 1569 roku i unie w Europie Środkowo-Wschodniej; 122-139
    9788395630255
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Świadectwa o dawnej Polsce w źródłach ormiańskich. Współczesna wzmianka o Unii Lubelskiej
    Mentions of the Late Medieval and Early Modern Kingdom of Poland in Armenian sources. Contemporary mention of Union of Lublin
    Autorzy:
    Mnatsakanyan, Piruz
    Rachuba, Andrzej
    Choińska-Mika, Jolanta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/chapters/16647999.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-12-23
    Wydawca:
    Archiwum Główne Akt Dawnych
    Tematy:
    Unia Lubelska
    Ormianie
    Ormianie polscy
    Armenian sources for history of Old Poland
    Kamyanets
    Chronicle
    Armenian community in Old Poland
    Union of Lublin
    Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
    Źródło:
    Unia Lubelska 1569 roku i unie w Europie Środkowo-Wschodniej; 235-258
    9788395630255
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ku „jednej nieróżnej Rzeczypospolitej”. Król Zygmunt August wobec idei unii polsko-litewskiej
    Towards “One Not-Different Republic” King Augustus’ Attitude to the Idea of the Polish-Lithuanian Union
    Autorzy:
    Januszek-Sieradzka, Agnieszka
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1929359.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    unia polsko-litewska
    unia lubelska (1569)
    Zygmunt II August (1520-1572)
    Radziwiłłowie
    korespondencja
    Polish-Lithuanian Union
    Union of Lublin (1569)
    Sigismund II Augustus (1520-1572)
    the Radziwiłłs
    correspondence
    Opis:
    The issue of the Polish-Lithuanian Union that became one of the main executionist postulates put forward by the nobility at the sessions of the Sejm from the beginning of King Sigismund II Augustus' reign in Poland (1548-1572); it was also one of the main subjects of the monarch's correspondence with his most important Lithuanian political partners – Mikołaj Radziwiłł “Rudy” (the Red) (about 1515-1584) and Mikołaj Radziwiłł “Czarny” (the Black) (1515-1565). In the King's letters it is easy to observe the tactic that for nearly 20 years allowed to efficiently stop the plan of forming a Polish-Lithuanian real union that threatened the dynastic interests of the Jagiellons – a prohibition of pro-union propaganda and forming an anti-union Lithuanian party around the Radziwiłłs, obstruction, apparent concessions, winning deputies and senators against other ones, skilful temporization. Letters unambiguously show that the change in the attitude towards the question of the Union that took place at the beginning of the 1560s was for Sigismund II Augustus a derivative of the accepted solution to the issue of Livonia; the King took the position that it is only by way of forming a union of Poland and Lithuania that military security and territorial integrity of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania can be ensured. However, passing from a radically anti-union position to one of its main advocate and animator Sigismund Augustus did not change his basic postulate, namely, that Poland and Lithuania should remain separate countries and the union between them should be based on the principle of equality of both partners. It was exactly the last of the Jagiellons who decided about federation as the form of the union of the Crown (Poland) and Lithuania.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Humanistyczne; 2011, 59, 2; 81-98
    0035-7707
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Humanistyczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Dokument Unii Lubelskiej – zagadnienia konserwatorskie
    The Union of Lublin document – preservation aspects
    Autorzy:
    Król-Próba, Justyna
    Rachuba, Andrzej
    Choińska-Mika, Jolanta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/chapters/16648079.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-12-23
    Wydawca:
    Archiwum Główne Akt Dawnych
    Tematy:
    AGAD
    konserwacja pieczęci
    dokument wielopieczętny
    Unia Lubelska
    dokument pergaminowy
    wax seals
    preserved condition
    reasons for damage
    Union of Lublin
    Central Archive of Historical Records
    parchment documents
    Opis:
    The Union of Lublin document, preserved in the Central Archive of Historical Records in Warsaw (in the Collection of Parchment Records, no. 5627) is an extremely valuable relic of great historical significance. In 2015 it was honoured with the European Heritage Label, in 2017 it was included in the UNESCO Memory of the World Register. The 450th anniversary of the Polish-Lithuanian Union, which took place in 2019, was an opportunity to summarize the many years of preservation care exercised over the document by the Central Laboratory for the Preservation of Archival Materials at the Central Archive of Historical Records. Over the years the concept of conservation has gradually changed. Restoration, aimed at restoring the original appearance of the object, gave way to protective and preventive maintenance, which emphasizes extensive documentation of the item and minimizes intervention in its structure. The article presents an outline of the problems regarding the state of preservation and causes of damage to wax seals, which have been discussed and researched in recent years.
    Źródło:
    Unia Lubelska 1569 roku i unie w Europie Środkowo-Wschodniej; 176-182
    9788395630255
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    „Niech to każdy obaczy jeśli Litwa małą krzywdę, żal, despekt i wzgardą ma od Polaków”: epizod sporu między Litwą a Koroną Polską o Inflanty
    “Let Everyone see that Lithuania has Harm, Regret, Offence, and Contempt from the Poles”: an Episode of a Dispute between the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Polish Kingdom over Livonia
    Autorzy:
    Padalinski, Uładzimir
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2131656.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-09-19
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    świadomość polityczna
    szlachta
    Wielkie Księstwo Litewskie
    Inflanty
    wojna inflancka
    unia lubelska
    Rzeczpospolita
    political consciousness
    nobility
    Grand Duchy of Lithuania
    Livonia
    Livonian War
    Union of Lublin
    Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
    Opis:
    W artykule dokonano analizy utworu rękopiśmiennego Czo za prawa X. Litewskie ma do ziemie Inflianczki a poliaczi do niei nicz niemaią (najprawdopodobniej z 1582 r.). Na jego przykładzie zaprezentowano argumenty prawne i ideologiczne wykorzystywane przez szlachtę Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego podczas sporów ze szlachtą Korony Polskiej o przynależność Inflant. Ukazano także znaczny poziom nieufności litewskiej elity politycznej wobec partnerów koronnych w końcu XVI w., spowodowany doświadczeniami związanymi z zawarciem unii lubelskiej oraz skutkami wojny inflanckiej.
    The article analyses the text preserved in a manuscript under the title Czo za prawa X. Litewskie ma do ziemie Inflianczki a poliaczi do niei nicz niemaią (What rights has the Duchy of Lithuania to Livonian lands while the Poles have none, most probably written in 1582). It contains legal and ideological arguments put forward by the nobility of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania during the disputes with the nobility of the Polish Kingdom over the possession of Livonia. The author concludes that the Lithuanian political elite retained a deep distrust of their Polish partners at the end of the sixteenth century resulting from the previous experiences gained at the time of the conclusion of the Union of Lublin and the Livonian War.
    Źródło:
    Rocznik Lituanistyczny; 2020, 6; 121-133
    2450-8454
    2450-8446
    Pojawia się w:
    Rocznik Lituanistyczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Posłowie ruskich województw Korony na sejmie lubelskim w styczniu–lutym 1569 roku
    Envoys of the Ruthenian Voivodeships of the Crown to the Lublin Sejm in January and February 1569
    Autorzy:
    Michałowski, Witalij
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2131657.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-09-19
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    unia lubelska
    sejm lubelskie 1569 r.
    województwa ruskie Korony
    województwo ruskie
    województwo podolskie
    województwo bełskie
    Union of Lublin
    Lublin Sejm of 1569
    Ruthenian voivodeships of the Polish Crown
    Ruthenian voivodeship
    Podolian voivodeship
    Belz voivodeship
    Opis:
    W artykule omówiono stosunek szlachty z ruskich województw Korony Polskiej (ruskiego, podolskiego i bełskiego) na sejmie lubelskim w styczniu–lutym 1569 r. wobec planów unii, przed podjęciem decyzji o inkorporacji Podlasia i Wołynia.
    This article presents the stance taken by the representatives of the Ruthenian voievodeships of the Polish Crown (Ruthenian, Podolian, and Belz voivodeships) at the Sejm session in Lublin in 1569 before the incorporation of Podlasie and Volhynia.
    Źródło:
    Rocznik Lituanistyczny; 2020, 6; 95-119
    2450-8454
    2450-8446
    Pojawia się w:
    Rocznik Lituanistyczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Przywileje lubelskie i koncepcja „narodu ruskiego” w polemice prawosławnej (od końca XVI do lat dwudziestych XVII wieku)
    The Lublin Privileges and the Notion of the “Ruthenian Nation” in Polemic Orthodox Narratives (the Late 16th century through the 1620s)
    Autorzy:
    Starczenko, Natalia
    Rachuba, Andrzej
    Choińska-Mika, Jolanta
    Kotyńska, Katarzyna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/chapters/16648017.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-12-23
    Wydawca:
    Archiwum Główne Akt Dawnych
    Tematy:
    polemika prawosławna
    Cerkiew prawosławna
    naród ruski
    przywilej lubelski
    Unia Lubelska
    Religious polemics
    privileges granted with the Union of Lublin
    the Volhynian Voivodeship
    the Principality of Kyiv
    princes
    law
    identity
    Opis:
    In the article, the author analyzes the Lublin privileges for the Volhynian lands and the Kiev Principality as an important resource for constructing “the Ruthenian nation” as a political subject in polemical texts created after the Union of Brest (1596). Based on Apokrisis Christophora Philaletha and Palinodiа by Zachariasz Kopystenski and Melecjusz Smotrycki’s works of the early 1620s, the article tracks the meanings with which the polemists imbued the notion of “the Ruthenian nation,” and how they carved the space for the third member on the already established map of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth of Two Nations based on the “ancient rights” and the privileges received with the Union of Lublin. The reading of the polemical narratives from this perspective allows to significantly undermine the popular scholarly notion that the Orthodox authors identified “the Ruthenian nation” almost exclusively with the Orthodox population, and its territory with the Kiev Metropolis. The author draws the conclusion that the notion of “the Ruthenian nation” as an amorphous confessional unity of the believers of the “ancient Greek Orthodox faith” was ceding to the political model of “Rus”, based on “its own” laws, “its own” territory, and the virtual authority of its princes. In essence, it was the polemists’ reliance on the Lublin privileges as the legal basis for the existence of the Orthodox Church in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth that encouraged them to construct the territorial and legal model of the Ruthenian nation.
    Źródło:
    Unia Lubelska 1569 roku i unie w Europie Środkowo-Wschodniej; 196-221
    9788395630255
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    ‘Free with the Free, Equal with the Equal’: Poles and Ukrainians Against the Background of the Conversion of the Jagiellonian Myth. Experience of Polish Historiography at the Beginning of the 20th Century
    ‘Wolni z wolnymi, równi z równymi’: Polacy i Ukraińcy w tle konwersji mitu jagiellońskiego. Doświadczenia historiografii polskiej początku XX wieku
    Autorzy:
    Stępnik, Andrzej Władysław
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1374031.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
    Tematy:
    Polish historiography
    20th century
    Ukraine
    Ukrainians
    Union of Lublin
    independence
    narrative myths
    collective memory
    historiografia polska
    XX wiek
    Ukraina
    Ukraińcy
    unia lubelska
    niepodległość
    mity narracyjne
    pamięć zbiorowa
    Opis:
    The Jagiellonian myth is relatively well developed in Polish historiography. The exception is the first twenty years of the 20th century, when its successive conversions and accelerated migration from the discourse of historiography to the discourse of memory took place. In the background of these processes, a kind of advancement of Polish-Ukrainian issues was taking place (politically conditioned), which until now had been dominated by Polish-Lithuanian relations. This article is intended to expand on and document these issues. The subject of analysis and conclusion were works of a general nature (syntheses, parasyntheses, textbooks, compendia, etc.), which accumulate and ‘reflect’ current scientific, political, social, cultural and other trends, creating interesting research material. It allowed to establish that in 1900–1918, the symbol of the Union of Lublin, the idea of ‘free with the free, equal with the equal’ was a popular motif of historical narratives, which as a scientific construct, however, became more and more archaic. Its cultivation resulted in an indirect retreat from critical historiography. It can be seen that the Jagiellonian myth attracted neo-Romantics to a greater extent than Modernists who sought a closer link between historiography and social sciences. However, it cannot be said that there were no interesting attempts to reinterpret it. Such were the references to some of the then promising sociologising and psychologising directions that appeared in the West but also in Poland. Surprisingly, the greatest admirers of this idea at the beginning of the 20th century were historians identifying themselves with national democratic ideas, followed by conservatives (realists) and researchers associated with various factions of the independence camp. The Treaty of Riga of 18 March 1921, concluded between Poland, Soviet Russia and Ukraine, showed that the romantic spirit of the Union of Lublin survived and became part of the history of ideas.
    Mit jagielloński jest stosunkowo dobrze opracowany w historiografii polskiej. Wyjątek stanowi pierwsze dwudziestolecie XX w., kiedy to doszło do kolejnych jego konwersji i przyspieszenia migracji z dyskursu historiografii do dyskursu pamięci. W tle tych procesów dokonywał się (warunkowany politycznie) swoisty awans problematyki polsko-ukraińskiej, która dotychczas była zdominowana relacjami polsko-litewskimi. Niniejszy artykuł ma na celu rozwinięcie i udokumentowanie tychże kwestii. Przedmiotem analizy i wnioskowania były prace o charakterze ogólnym (syntezy, parasyntezy, podręczniki, kompendia etc.), które kumulują w sobie i ‘odbijają’ aktualne tendencje naukowe, polityczne, społeczne, kulturowe i inne, tworząc interesujący materiał badawczy. Pozwolił on na ustalenie, że w latach 1900–1918 symbol unii lubelskiej, idea ‘wolnych z wolnymi, równych z wolnymi’, była popularnym motywem narracji historycznych, który jako konstrukt naukowy stawał się jednak coraz bardziej archaiczny. Jego pielęgnowanie powodowało pośrednio odwrót od historiografii krytycznej. Daje się zauważyć, że mit jagielloński większym stopniu przyciągał neoromantyków niż modernistów zmierzających do ściślejszego powiązania historiografii z naukami społecznymi. Nie można jednak stwierdzić, że nie było ciekawych prób jego reinterpretacji. Do takich należały nawiązywania do niektórych, obiecujących wówczas, kierunków socjologizujących i psychologizujących, jakie pojawiały na Zachodzie, ale też na gruncie krajowym. Zaskakująco, największymi admiratorami tej idei na początku XX w. stali się historycy identyfikujący się z ideami narodowodemokratycznymi, dalej plasowali się ówcześni konserwatyści (realiści) i badacze związani z różnymi frakcjami obozu niepodległościowego. Traktat ryski z 18 marca 1921 r., zawarty między Polską, Rosją Sowiecką i Ukrainą, wykazał, że romantyczny duch unii lubelskiej przeżył się i stał się fragmentem historii idei.
    Źródło:
    Res Historica; 2020, 49; 465-485
    2082-6060
    Pojawia się w:
    Res Historica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    „Mowa ojców potrzebna od zaraz” „Iż Rusi słuszna rzecz dla nabożeństwa po grecku i po słowieńsku uczyć się” (Lithos, Kijów 1644)
    Autorzy:
    Chynczewska-Hennel, Teresa
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2167728.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Supraska
    Tematy:
    unia lubelska
    Wielkie Księstwo Litewskie
    Melecjusz Smotrycki
    prawosławie
    język ruski
    Piotr Skarga
    Piotr Mohyła
    Akademia Kijowska
    Union of Lublin
    Grand Duchy of Lithuania
    Meletius Smotritsky
    Ortho-
    doxy
    Russian Language
    Peter Skarga
    Peter Mohyla
    Academy of Kiev
    Opis:
    After the Union of Lublin in 1569 the Polish Kingdom and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania formed one state. The Russian remained the official language of the Grand Duchy and it was guaranteed that the inhabitants of the Duchy could remain orthodox. It was feared that the nobles would convert to the Roman Catholicism and at multiple occasions the deputies from Grand Duchy as well as Cossacks had to defend their rights for their own language and faith. In the polemical literature of the end of the XVI and the first half of the XVII century concerning the Union of Brest much concern was expressed for or against the use of the Church Slavonic – particularly by Peter Skarga and Ivan Vishensky. Peter Mohyla in the orthodox Academy of Kiev, founded by himself, particularly insisted on teaching, among other subjects, Latin and Polish as he thought that an educated orthodox Russian should feel a rightful citizen of the Polish state and participate in the religious and political life of the country.
    Źródło:
    Latopisy Akademii Supraskiej; 2012, Język naszej modlitwy- dawniej i dziś, 3; 41-47
    2082-9299
    Pojawia się w:
    Latopisy Akademii Supraskiej
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Szkice do portretu szlachcianki w dawnej Rzeczypospolitej: dokumenty dotyczące Rainy Gniewoszówny Strzyżewskiej w zbiorach Wojewódzkiej Biblioteki Publicznej im. Hieronima Łopacińskiego w Lublinie
    Sketches for a portrait of a noblewoman in the former Polish Republic: documents concerning Raina Gniewoszówna Strzyżewska in the collection of the Hieronim Łopaciński Regional Public Library in Lublin
    Штрихи к портрету шляхтянки в старой Речи Посполитой: документы о Раине Гневошовне Стрижевской в фондах Люблинской Воеводской Публичной Библиотеки им. Иеронима Лопацинского
    Autorzy:
    Baran, Aleksander
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1070665.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Wojewódzka Biblioteka Publiczna im. Hieronima Łopacińskiego w Lublinie
    Tematy:
    Raina Gniewoszówna Strzyżewska
    Gniewosz Dmitrowicz Strzyżewski
    Iwan Hrehorewicz Hulewicz Poddubiński
    Jakub Stradomski (Stradowski)
    Łuck
    Winnica
    Unia Lubelska, Rzeczpospolita Obojga Narodów
    Wojewódzka Biblioteka Publiczna im. H. Łopacińskiego w Lublinie
    Jakub Stradomski (Stradowski) Łuck
    the Union of Lublin
    Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
    H. Łopaciński Regional Public Library in Lublin
    Раина Гневошовна Стрижевская
    Гневош Дмитриевич Стрижевский
    Иван Грегорович Гулевич Поддубинский
    Якуб Страдомский (Страдовский)
    Луцк
    Винница
    Люблинская Уния
    Речь Посполитая Обеих Наций
    Люблинская Воеводская Публичная Библиотека им. Иеронима Лопацинского
    Opis:
    Artykuł poświęcony jest szlachciance Rainie Gniewoszównie Strzyżewskiej – postaci mało znanej w historiografii. W okresie swej samodzielnej aktywności gospodarczej skupiała ona w swych rękach znaczne posiadłości ziemskie w Łucku i na przedmieściach. Analiza źródeł dotyczących tej kobiety pozwała odsłonić mało lub wręcz nieznane karty historii Łucka w XVI w.
    This article is devoted to the noblewoman Raina Gniewoszówna Strzyżewska – a figure little known in historiography. During the period of her independent economic activities, she gathered into her possession substantial estates in Lutsk and the suburbs. The analysis of the sources concerning this woman made it possible to reveal little-known or even unknown pages of Lutsk's history of the 16th century.
    Статья посвящена шляхтянке Раине Гневошовне Стрижевской – персоне, мало известной в историографии. В период самостоятельной хозяйственной активности она сосредотачивала в своих руках значительные земельные владения в Луцке и его пригородах. Анализ источников, касающихся этой женщины, позволил раскрыть малоизвестные или, даже, неизвестные страницы истории Луцка XVI века.
    Źródło:
    Bibliotekarz Lubelski; 2019, 62; 71-94
    0137-9895
    Pojawia się w:
    Bibliotekarz Lubelski
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Czy naprawdę unia została wykreślona z projektów Litwy nowoczesnej w końcu XIX – na początku XX wieku?
    Was the Union Really Erased from the Modern Lithuanian Statehood Projects in the Late Nineteenth – Early Twentieth Centuries
    Autorzy:
    Miknys, Rimantas
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2131668.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-09-19
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    idea of the (Lublin) Union
    Lithuanian national movement
    Lithuanian statehood projects
    “Lithuanian federalism”
    Lithuanian and Polish historiography
    idea unii polsko-litewskiej (lubelskiej)
    litewski ruch narodowy
    projekty państwowości Litwy
    „federalizm litewski”
    historiografia litewska a polska
    Opis:
    W artykule podjęto próbę krytycznej oceny tezy funkcjonującej w historiografii litewskiej, a częściowo także polskiej, że idea unii obu państw została wyeliminowana z projektów litewskiego ruchu narodowego ukształtowanych w końcu XIX i na początku XX w. Wyniki analizy ukazują potrzebę badań koncepcji federalizmu litewskiego, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem kwestii wpływu na nią unii polsko-litewskiej.
    The article offers a critical assessment of the deeply entrenched view in Lithuanian and Polish historiography that the idea of the (Lublin) Union was erased from the Lithuanian statehood projects created within the Lithuanian national movement in the late nineteenth–early twentieth centuries. Summarising the critical assessments made against this idea, several theses were formulated based on which further research could be conducted that could explain the effects of the Union on the formation and development of “Lithuanian federalism”.
    Źródło:
    Rocznik Lituanistyczny; 2020, 6; 221-234
    2450-8454
    2450-8446
    Pojawia się w:
    Rocznik Lituanistyczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Działalność opozycyjna na Katolickim Uniwersytecie Lubelskim w latach 1966-1989
    The Oppositional Activity in the Catholic University of Lublin in the Years 1966-1989
    Autorzy:
    Dąbrowski, Marcin
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1807042.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-10-23
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski; NSZZ „Solidarność”; Niezależne Zrzeszenie Studentów; opozycja polityczna; opór społeczny
    Catholic University of Lublin; NSZZ “Solidarity”; Independent Students Union; political opposition; resistance
    Opis:
    Przez cały okres Polski Ludowej katolicka uczelnia w Lublinie – jako autonomiczna wobec władz komunistycznych – stwarzała przestrzeń wolności i swobody działań, jaka na uczelniach państwowych była niemożliwa. Artykuł omawia, w jaki sposób owa nisza niezależności została wykorzystana przez środowisko akademickie w latach 1966-1989 do działań opozycyjnych i postaw oporu.
    During the all period of the communistic Poland the Catholic University of Lublin – as autonomous school in view of communistic authority – created a space of freedom and action, which to be impossible in the public college’s. The article shows, in which way those niche of independence the academic environment in the years 1966-1989 was used to a oppositional actions and resistance attitude’s.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Humanistyczne; 2018, 66, 2 Special Issue; 197-240
    0035-7707
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Humanistyczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Unia kalmarska a unie polsko-litewskie – kilka uwag na temat ich początków i potrzeby kontynuacji badań porównawczych obu związków państwowych
    The Kalmar Union and the Polish-Lithuanian Unions – Some Remarks on Their Beginnings and the Need for Continued Comparative Research on the Both State Unions
    Autorzy:
    Gaca, Andrzej
    Bąk, Hubert
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2131654.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-09-19
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    unia kalmarska
    unie polsko-litewskie
    układ w Krewie
    królowa Jadwiga
    król Władysław Jagiełło
    unionsbrevet
    kroningsbrevet
    Małgorzata – królowa Danii
    Norwegii i Szwecji
    Eryk Pomorski
    unia lubelska
    Kalmar Union
    Polish-Lithuanian unions
    Act of Krewo
    Queen Jadwiga
    King Władysław Jagiełło
    Queen Margaret of Denmark
    Norway and Sweden
    Erik of Pomerania
    Lublin Union
    Opis:
    Artykuł prezentuje dotychczasowy stan badań komparatystycznych nad unią kalmarską i uniami polsko-litewskimi. Na wstępie przedstawiono genezę obu unii: przyczyny ich zawarcia, scharakteryzowano i porównano dokumenty obu układów: w Krewie (1385 r.) i unii kalmarskej (unionsbrevet) (1397 r.). Wskazano również podobieństwa obu związków na płaszczyźnie rywalizacji o przywództwo, a także rolę królowej Małgorzaty w zawarciu unii oraz samodzielne rządy Eryka Pomorskiego i ich skutki. Następnie przybliżono transformację unii kalmarskiej, jej poszczególne etapy i przyczyny upadku oraz losy obu związków unijnych po ich formalnym ustaniu i ich wpływ na dalszy rozwój państw członkowskich. Na zakończenie podjęto próbę wytyczenia kierunków dalszych badań porównawczych nad obydwoma uniami, stawiając postulat o konieczności ich kontynuowania i rozwijania.
    The article presents the current state of comparative research into the Kalmar Union and the Polish-Lithuanian unions, contributing to the postulate of the need for further detailed comparative studies in this field. It outlines a genesis of the unions (their causes, the 1385 Act of Krewo and the 1397 Kalmar Union [unionsbrevet]), then characterises the both documents and conducts a comparative analysis; indicates the similarities between the unions as regards rivalry for the leadership; emphasises the role played by Queen Margaret in the conclusion of the union, and describes the independent rule of Erik of Pomerania with its results. Next, it analyses the transformation of the Kalmar Union together with its successive stages and the causes of its collapse; the fate of the two unions after they formally ended and their impact on the historical development of the member states. Finally, it attempts to indicate lines of further comparative research into the both unions.
    Źródło:
    Rocznik Lituanistyczny; 2020, 6; 135-166
    2450-8454
    2450-8446
    Pojawia się w:
    Rocznik Lituanistyczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-34 z 34

      Ta witryna wykorzystuje pliki cookies do przechowywania informacji na Twoim komputerze. Pliki cookies stosujemy w celu świadczenia usług na najwyższym poziomie, w tym w sposób dostosowany do indywidualnych potrzeb. Korzystanie z witryny bez zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies oznacza, że będą one zamieszczane w Twoim komputerze. W każdym momencie możesz dokonać zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies