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Wyświetlanie 1-12 z 12
Tytuł:
Wielkie Księstwo Litewskie i Królestwo Polskie za czasów Jagiełły i Witolda w latopisarstwie ruskim
Autorzy:
Polechov, Sergiey
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/640435.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
Wielkie Księstwo Litewskie, gramoty, latopisarstwo, unia polsko-litewska
Opis:
Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Kingdom of Poland at the time of Jagiello and Witold in the Ruthenian historical annals The aim of the article is to carry out a review of Ruthenian annals, particularly with the view of finding entries relating to the Grand Lithuanian Duchy and the Kingdom of Poland, during the rule of Ladislaus Jagiello. The author also analyzes the issue of the degree of interest of various chronicle-writing centers in problems relating to the Polish-Lithuanian union and the image of the two rulers – Jagiello and Witold that had been created by them. From the analyzed data one can clearly see that the events in the Grand Lithuanian Duchy had been carefully followed by various Ruthenian centers which testifies to the fact that good-neighborly relations with the Duchy had been treated with due attention. On the other hand, the information conveyed by them had not always been precise. The way of presenting Lithuanian topics in Ruthenian annals was closely associated with the traditional image of Lithuania and Lithuanians, as well as with the image of religious dissenters, including among others Catholics, as it had functioned in the social awareness of Ruthenian residents. At the turn of the 14th and at the beginning of the 15th century, on the territory of north-eastern and north-western Ruthenia there already circulated an image of Northern Ruthenia or its part as an “entirely Ruthenian land”. In the effect of this way of reasoning, Witold is presented in the annals as the leader of a tight-knit “Lithuania”, “Lithuanian land”, and Ruthenians are referred to as his subjects only indirectly. The annals devote a lot of attention to the rule of Witold and there is much less information in them about Jagiello. All annals fail to even mention his death in the year 1434. However, their authors were well aware of the fact that Ladislaus Jagiello was a Polish king, ally and sovereign of Witold.
Źródło:
Prace Historyczne; 2014, 141, 2
0083-4351
Pojawia się w:
Prace Historyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Horodło z perspektywy XX–XXI wieku: pamięć modernizacji, pamięć republiki, pamięć imperium
Autorzy:
Nowak, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/640453.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
unia polsko-litewska, pamięć historyczna, polityka jagiellońska, tożsamość zbiorowa
Opis:
Horodło from the perspective of the 20th and 21st century: memory of modernization, memory of the republic, memory of the empire For the author of the present article the basis for the analysis of the contemporary understanding of collective identity and the condition of historical memory, is a confrontation of the ways of shaping the memory of the Union of Horodło in the 19th and 20th c. The issue of identity, both Polish and Lithuanian one, as well as of common memory is closely associated with the legacy of the Union of Horodło. At the same time, the author is looking for ways of remedying the situation in which one deals with a loss of positive identification with the cultural and political legacy of one’s own community – a phenomenon which is currently observed in Poland. A suitable foundation for this kind of remedy is perceived by him in Poland’s past, and since the time of the Union of Horodło – also in Lithuania’s past, and in referring to the idea of the Commonwealth of Both Nations, to the notion of citizenship which co-creates it, to the specific vision of positive freedom which founds it. In the foreground of this collective memory, one finds the voice of the local council, Seym, of common parliamentary sessions devoted to the common good, the difficult process of forming opinions and shaping the foundations of political freedom, and of transformation of subjects into citizens. From this republican perspective, the Union of Horodło looms as an important experience and symbol.
Źródło:
Prace Historyczne; 2014, 141, 2
0083-4351
Pojawia się w:
Prace Historyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
500-letnia rocznica unii horodelskiej 1413 roku. Między kulturą polityczną a pamięcią historyczną
Autorzy:
Kiaupienė, Jūratė
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/640636.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
pamięć historyczna, unia polsko-litewska, tożsamość narodowa, tradycja unijna
Opis:
500th anniversary of the Union of Horodło of 1413. Between political culture and historical memory The authoress of the present article has embarked on the task of presenting the different views with regard to the Union of Horodlo of 1413, as presented in the Polish and Lithuanian press articles on the occasion of the 500th anniversary of this union. Moreover she has tried to find an answer to a few fundamental questions concerning the formation of the historical memory of the Poles and Lithuanians at the threshold of the restoration of their statehood. The questions concern, among others, the reasons for the differences in the evaluation of the Union of Horodlo between the Poles and Lithuanians, the moment when the memory of the Union began to take on a different shape and the links between historical memory and political culture. On the basis of examples derived from the Polish and Lithuanian press of 1913, the authoress proves that despite the many years of the Polish-Lithuanian union, a real rapprochement between the two states and societies did not take place, neither in the 15th century, not later, until the very end of the existence of the Commonwealth of Both Nations. The Polish interpretation of the union which was negotiated in Horodło in 1413 was unacceptable to a modern Lithuanian nation. Both sides, that is the representatives of the Polish and the Lithuanian nations had used the celebrations associated with the 500th anniversary of the Union of Horodło to formulate and propagate their most important goal – that is to restore their statehood and in order to achieve this goal, they were ready to subordinate their historical memory. But it is important not to forget that we are dealing with a specific kind of historical memory which is targeted and focused above all on the future.
Źródło:
Prace Historyczne; 2014, 141, 2
0083-4351
Pojawia się w:
Prace Historyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Posłowie koronni na sejmie unii lubelskiej (unie polsko-litewskie w dyskusji sejmowej)
Autorzy:
Ferenc, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/640642.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
sejm lubelski 1569 roku, unia polsko-litewska, posłowie koronni, dyskusja sejmowa
Opis:
Crown deputies at the seym of the union of Lublin (polish-lithuanian unions in the parliamentary debate) In the article the author tries to describe and characterize the group of Crown deputies to the Lublin Seym of 1569; initially the group consisted of 95 and then of 113 deputies – after incorporating 18 representatives of the provinces taken away from Lithuania and incorporated into Poland in the course of the Seym session. Following an analysis of the numerous and heated debates devoted to the new shape of the Polish-Lithuanian union, the author comes to the conclusion that the Crown deputies emphasized the continuity of the union, by recalling those legal acts and agreements which supported their strivings to conclude a unitary union. Ultimately, confronted by the course of events and the uncompromising attitude of the Lithuanians, the deputies displayed a certain degree of flexibility and the union of Lublin became closer to a federation of states.
Źródło:
Prace Historyczne; 2014, 141, 2
0083-4351
Pojawia się w:
Prace Historyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mikołaj Rej a „sprawa litewska” – uwagi Pana z Nagłowic o unii (lubelskiej) i Litwinach
Autorzy:
Dybek, Dariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2031008.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-16
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego
Tematy:
Mikolaj Rej
Polish–Lithuanian union
Seym
Mikołaj Rej
unia polsko-litewska
sejm
Opis:
Mikolaj Rej was not only one of the most notable 16th century Polish writers, but also an active member of the parliament. Among others, he worked on the Polish-Lithuanian issues. Based on the governmental documentation, Rej was engaged in these issues from 1542 onwards. He also dedicated a few pieces of writing to the matter, the most important of which is a poem written around 1567 entitled ‘Union with Lithuania’. In the poem he condemned the sluggishness in debating the unification of the two countries, but emphasized that the Lithuanians should have taken a greater interest in the matter, since Poland could have helped their fights with the Eastern neighbours. As he did during the parliamentary sessions, the author also stressed the need for electing a common king.Despite hoping for a quick resolution and unification, Rej did not regard Lithuania as an equal parter for Poland. Based on a few poets, the author seems to think of the Lithuanians as of a backward  nation (e.g. their table manners during the feasts and the use of primitive language). It is worth noting that Rej treated the Lithuanian aristocracy differently. While describing the clans and noble families (e.g. the Radziwiłł family or the Chodkiewicz family), he emphasised their patriotism and bravery. Rej’s remarks on the Lithuanians and the union did not stand out from the common opinion at the time. They could represent the feelings of a typical member of the Polish gentry.
Źródło:
Tematy i Konteksty; 2019, 14, 9; 144-157
2299-8365
Pojawia się w:
Tematy i Konteksty
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pieśń o chwale Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów. Uwagi o tradycji genologicznej Proporca albo Hołdu pruskiego Jana Kochanowskiego
Autorzy:
Banaś-Korniak, Teresa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2031012.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-16
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego
Tematy:
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
Jan Kochanowski
Proporzec albo Hołd pruski
unia polsko-litewska
Opis:
The aim of the paper is to show that Jan Kochanowski’s Proporzec albo Hołd Pruski, a work of literature considered for a long time to be poor in artistic terms, refers to the convention of a triumphant song of victory, namely the epinikion. It is a literary form with ancient roots. The poet of Czarnolas, in his original way, combined the convention of epinikion with verse-driven canvassing speech (on the border between genus deliberativum and genus demonstrativum), using a number of arguments in favour of implementing the resolutions of the Sejm (Parliament Assembly) of Lublin of 1569. The work consistently develops one thread – the struggle with the Teutonic Knights, which is connected with the selective presentation of the historical images of the Polish rulers’ military campaigns for Pomerania and Duchy of Prussia. The consistency of the presented historical descriptions with the ideological content, expressive “speech decorations” and faithfulness to the conventions of the sixteenth-century political poetry make the literary artistry of Proporzec… impressive and standing out with its artistry against the background of occasional Old Polish poems.
Źródło:
Tematy i Konteksty; 2019, 14, 9; 170-184
2299-8365
Pojawia się w:
Tematy i Konteksty
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polityczne, historyczne i kulturowe aspekty unii polsko-litewskiej w twórczości Józefa Weyssenhoffa
Autorzy:
Demkowicz, Agata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2031025.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-16
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego
Tematy:
Polish-Lithuanian Union
Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Monarchy
Józef Weyssenhoff
Lithuanian novel
unia polsko-litewska
Wielkie Księstwo Litewskie
powieść litewska
Opis:
Józef  Weyssenhoff was a highly popular and widely read author at the end of the 19th and in the early 20th century. He was active as a writer, literary critic, and journalist during the time of the Young Poland movement and in the interwar period. He wrote his works at the turn of the two centuries and in the first decades of the new century. Throughout the later stage of his literary activity, i.e. from 1905 until his death, Weyssenhoff was greatly interested in politics. His contacts, reads, own observations and experiences in this matter gave rise to his tendentious political novels. The subjects he raised and reflected upon include the issue of the Polish-Lithuanian conflict, which caused a huge controversy in the first decades of the 20th century. Weyssenhoff demonstrated his own stance on the matter in his novel Union, published in 1910, which he wrote during the period of intensification of the national movement in Lithuania, particularly in Vilnius. The author regarded the movement to be politically dangerous, propagating hatred towards Poland, and able to cause the common cultural, historical, and political heritage of Poland and Lithuania to be destroyed. Young Lithuanian activists were acting to the detriment of the Polish language, depreciating the value of anything Polish. The conflict between Poland and Lithuania increased the risk of russification. The author suggested that what should be done in those circumstances was seek to restore the Polish-Lithuanian alliance. He showed the readers of his book how that process should be initiated. The marriage between the protagonists of Union: Kazimierz Rokszycki, a Pole, and Krystyna Sołomerecka, a Lithuanian, who loved their common motherland, serves as a symbol of a new, revived relationship between Poland and Lithuania.
Źródło:
Tematy i Konteksty; 2019, 14, 9; 327-347
2299-8365
Pojawia się w:
Tematy i Konteksty
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Unia polsko-litewsko-szwedzko-fińska za Zygmunta III Wazy
Polish-Swedish Union during the reign of Sigismund III – research possibilities
Autorzy:
Krawczuk, Wojciech
Rachuba, Andrzej
Choińska-Mika, Jolanta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/chapters/16648005.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-23
Wydawca:
Archiwum Główne Akt Dawnych
Tematy:
Zygmunt III Waza
unia polsko-litewska
unia polsko-szwedzka
unia polsko szwedzko-fińska
The Polish-Swedish Union
Sigismund III
the Chancellery
the Modern Age
Opis:
The short-lived personal union of the years 1593–1599 encompassed many territories of modern Poland, Sweden, Lithuania, Belorussia, Ukraine, Latvia, Estonia and even some parts of today Russia. The idea of union was however unsuccessful, primarily due to religious differences. Nevertheless we can observe development of a small group of dignitaries, officers or diplomats interested in the success of this project, naturally with king Sigismund in the center. Some research tasks in connection with this theme can be identified: edition of little-known sources, especially king Sigismund’s Swedish chancery, but also prosopographical studies, or the analysis of the iconosphere.
Źródło:
Unia Lubelska 1569 roku i unie w Europie Środkowo-Wschodniej; 225-231
9788395630255
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stanowisko posłów podlaskich w sprawie unii polsko-litewskiej na sejmie brzeskim w 1566 r.
The Statement of the Envoys of Podlasie Concerning the Case of Polish-Lithuanian Union at the Sejm of Brześć in 1566
Autorzy:
Kalinowski, Emil
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27291747.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
Podlasie
nobility of Podlasie
sejm envoys
Lithuanian sejm
Polish-Lithuanian union
land sejmiks
szlachta podlaska
posłowie sejmowi
sejm litewski
unia polsko-litewska
sejmiki ziemskie
Opis:
Artykuł zawiera edycję mało dotąd znanego w historiografii źródła historycznego z 1566 r., związanego ze staropolskim parlamentaryzmem wraz z obszernym omówieniem tła historycznego i jego treści. Zawiera ono wspólne stanowisko sześciu posłów wybranych na podlaskich sejmikach na litewski sejm w Brześciu nad Bugiem w 1566 r. wyrażone w imieniu pozostałej w domach szlachty, dotyczące kwestii unii Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego z Królestwem Polskim. Badania zostały oparte na możliwie szerokiej bazie źródłowej, na którą składały się zarówno materiały wydane drukiem w XIX, XX i XXI w., jak również archiwalne, w tym zachowane akta urzędów grodzkich z terenu Podlasia: w Drohiczynie, Mielniku i Brańsku oraz wypisy z nich autorstwa Ignacego Kapicy. Przybliżono również biografie autorów pisma: Adama Kosińskiego i Jana Buyno z ziemi drohickiej, Kaspra Irzykowicza i Piotra Padkowskiego z ziemi mielnickiej, Tomasza Owsianego i Wojciecha Wyszkowskiego z ziemi bielskiej. Byli to prominentni przedstawiciele lokalnej elity szlacheckiej, niemal wszyscy w chwili wyboru na posła związani z sądownictwem, które na Podlasiu opierało się na prawie polskim. Prezentowane tu źródło to ciekawy pod wieloma względami przekaz ukazujący nastroje i dążenia szlachty podlaskiej na kilka lat przed wiekopomnymi wydarzeniami 1569 r.: inkorporacją jej województwa do Polski oraz zawarciem unii realnej polsko-litewskiej. Umieszczenie go w kontekście dotychczasowej wiedzy, jak i nowych ustaleń o ówczesnej sytuacji politycznej na Podlasiu dopełnia ten obraz.
The article contains an edition of the historical source from 1566 connected with old Polish parliamentarism, so far barely known in historiography, with comprehensive periphrasis of its historical background and its content. It contains a joint position of six envoys elected at the sejmiks of Podlasie to the Sejm of Brześć-on-the-Bug in 1566, expressed on behalf of the nobility remaining in their homes, on the issue of the union of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania with the Kingdom of Poland. The research was based on the broadest possible source base, which included both materials published in print in the 19th, 20th and 21st centuries, as well as archival ones, including the preserved files of castle offices from Podlasie: in Drohiczyn, Mielnik and Brańsk and excerpts from them by Ignacy Kapica. The biographies of the authors of the writing are also presented: Adam Kosiński and Jan Buyno from Drohiczyn Land, Kasper Irzykowicz and Piotr Padkowski from Mielnik Land, Tomasz Owsiany and Wojciech Wyszkowski from Bielsk Land. They were prominent representatives of the local noble elite, almost all of them associated with the judiciary, which in Podlasie was based on Polish law. The source presented here is an interesting draft in many respects, showing the moods and aspirations of the Podlasian nobility several years before the memorable events of 1569: the incorporation of its voivodeship into Poland and the conclusion of the Polish-Lithuanian real union. Placing it in the context of existing knowledge and new findings about the then political situation in Podlasie completes this picture.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica; 2022, 21, 1; 21-49
1732-9132
2719-9991
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ku „jednej nieróżnej Rzeczypospolitej”. Król Zygmunt August wobec idei unii polsko-litewskiej
Towards “One Not-Different Republic” King Augustus’ Attitude to the Idea of the Polish-Lithuanian Union
Autorzy:
Januszek-Sieradzka, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1929359.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
unia polsko-litewska
unia lubelska (1569)
Zygmunt II August (1520-1572)
Radziwiłłowie
korespondencja
Polish-Lithuanian Union
Union of Lublin (1569)
Sigismund II Augustus (1520-1572)
the Radziwiłłs
correspondence
Opis:
The issue of the Polish-Lithuanian Union that became one of the main executionist postulates put forward by the nobility at the sessions of the Sejm from the beginning of King Sigismund II Augustus' reign in Poland (1548-1572); it was also one of the main subjects of the monarch's correspondence with his most important Lithuanian political partners – Mikołaj Radziwiłł “Rudy” (the Red) (about 1515-1584) and Mikołaj Radziwiłł “Czarny” (the Black) (1515-1565). In the King's letters it is easy to observe the tactic that for nearly 20 years allowed to efficiently stop the plan of forming a Polish-Lithuanian real union that threatened the dynastic interests of the Jagiellons – a prohibition of pro-union propaganda and forming an anti-union Lithuanian party around the Radziwiłłs, obstruction, apparent concessions, winning deputies and senators against other ones, skilful temporization. Letters unambiguously show that the change in the attitude towards the question of the Union that took place at the beginning of the 1560s was for Sigismund II Augustus a derivative of the accepted solution to the issue of Livonia; the King took the position that it is only by way of forming a union of Poland and Lithuania that military security and territorial integrity of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania can be ensured. However, passing from a radically anti-union position to one of its main advocate and animator Sigismund Augustus did not change his basic postulate, namely, that Poland and Lithuania should remain separate countries and the union between them should be based on the principle of equality of both partners. It was exactly the last of the Jagiellons who decided about federation as the form of the union of the Crown (Poland) and Lithuania.
Źródło:
Roczniki Humanistyczne; 2011, 59, 2; 81-98
0035-7707
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Humanistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zaangażowanie społeczeństwa II Rzeczypospolitej w obchody rocznic historycznych (na wybranych przykładach)
Autorzy:
Załęczny, Jolanta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/607531.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
anniversary celebration
patriotism
the Second Polish Republic
Vienna
Grunwa
Płowce
the Polish-Lithuanian Union
Napoleonic period
rocznice historyczne
obchody rocznicowe
patriotyzm
II Rzeczpospolita
Wiedeń
Grunwald
unia polsko-litewska
epoka napoleońska
Opis:
Anniversaries celebrations during the Second Polish Republic helped to build historical consciousness of the society united after years of occupation. Celebrations connected with historical calendar commemorated Polish achievements, they made the society proud and conveyed patriotic values. This work describes anniversaries from the period of the Kingdom of Poland and Napoleonic era. They commemorated victories of Polish army and inspired the society to build the power of the state.
Obchody rocznic służyły w II Rzeczypospolitej budowaniu świadomości społeczeństwa jednoczonego po latach niewoli. Uroczystości związane z kalendarzem historycznym przypominały o dokonaniach Polaków, budziły poczucie dumy narodowej i kształtowały postawy patriotyczne. Omówione w artykule rocznice odnoszą się do czasów Polski królewskiej i okresu napoleońskiego. Przypominały one o sukcesach oręża polskiego i miały inspirować do udziału w budowie potęgi państwa.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio F – Historia; 2016, 71
0239-4251
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio F – Historia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Przedunijne nadzieje i obawy kryjące się za obrazem średniowiecznych władców zawartym w Rozmowie Polaka z Litwinem (1564)
Autorzy:
Gacka, Dorota
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2031007.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-16
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego
Tematy:
Renaissance literature
Stanislaus Orichovius
Augustine Mieleski Rotundus
political dialogue
medieval history
union between Poland and Lithuania
kings of Poland
German emperors
literatura renesansowa
Stanisław Orzechowski
Augustyn Mieleski Rotundus
dialog polityczny
historia średniowiecza
unia polsko-litewska
królowie Polski
cesarze niemieccy
Opis:
Conversation of a Pole with a Lithuanian, written by Augustine Mieleski Rotundus in July or August 1564, was an answer to the political dialogue titled Quincunx. The dialogue was authored by Stanislaus Orzechowski. In his work he ordered Lithuanians to enter the union with Poland, but in the same work he named them slaves and people deprived of freedom. He also expressed the view that only citizens of kingdoms are free and Lithuanians as inhabitants of a duchy have no liberty. Augustine Rotundus replied to him that not all kingdoms enjoy freedom: citizens are free if they have a good ruler.The present paper consists of two parts. In the first part, I present participants of polemics of 1564 and their dialogues, which are written according to ancient rules. In the second part, I quote the medieval threads from Conversation, in which Rotundus talks about rulers of Poland and emperors of Germany. He proves that Polish kings were not always good rulers. Sometimes dukes were better than kings. Therefore the Grand Duchy of Lithuania is not worse than the Kingdom of Poland. Medieval threads also exhibit preunion hopes and fears of the Lithuanians. We find here the picture of the state and the portrait of the ruler which wanted by them. The state should have a Christian character and law which is well constructed. Furtherly, the ruler should be wise, willing to cooperate with the Church, independent of his wife and free of excessive ambition.
Źródło:
Tematy i Konteksty; 2019, 14, 9; 116-143
2299-8365
Pojawia się w:
Tematy i Konteksty
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-12 z 12

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